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REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
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REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This 100 year pictorial pageant of the Philadelphia scene would have hardly been possible without the aid and advice of many Philadelphia organizations, individuals and institutions. The use of files and records of historical societies, libraries, publishers and private firms were generously thrown open to Bulletin compilers who sorted through nearly 10,000 drawings and photographs to make their selection.
It is inevitable that some valuable pictures and facts have not been included. This particularly applies to records that are in the pos- session of private individuals and families and not available to the public. Within the limitations of time and the size of the book, no effort was spared to include every phase of our city’s history for these past hundred years or more. The Evening Bulletin wants to acknowledge the special co-operation shown by the following as the book was being prepared:
Acme Photos Adams, Henry P.—U. S. Weather Bureau American Catholic Historical Society Armstrong Association of Philadelphia Associated Press Atwater Kent Museum
Bell Telephone Company of Pennsylvania Board of Education, City of Philadelphia
‘Charlotte Cushman Club Culver Service
Bureau of Fire, City of Philadelphia Franklin Institute, photos by Gladys Muller Free Library of Philadelphia, Logan Square
Harper & Bros., Publishers “Adventures of America’? by John Kouwenhoven “The American Procession” by Agnes Rogers & Frederick L. Allen
Harper’s Illustrated Weekly Harper’s Pictorial History of The Civil War Historical Society of Pennsylvania
International News Photos Keystone Views Leshie’s Illustrated Weekly Metropolitan Museum of Art
Parochial Schools, Archdiocese of Philadelphia The Pennsylvania Railroad Philadelphia Museum of Art
Philadelphia Transportation Company Bureau of Police, City of Philadelphia
Reading Railroad Company
Sears, Roebuck & Co. Thompson Collection, Paul —
Underwood & Underwood
U. S. Army U. S. Army Air Forces U. S. Coast Guard U. S. Marine Corps U. S. Navy
Whittlesey House, McGraw-Hill Book Co.
“As We Were,’ Bellamy Partridge & Otto Bettman
Copyright, 1947, Bulletin Company
FOREWORD
df Evening Bulletin was established
on April 12, 1847—one hundred years ago. Philadelphia was then a small bustling 19th Century town, and The Bulletin a tiny but enterprising news- paper. Our city has since grown in size and population until it is now the third largest city in the United States. Meanwhile, The Bulletin has risen in number of readers to become the largest evening newspaper in America.
A modern newspaper does not grow old as a person does. Rather, it meas- ures its span in terms of continuing public confidence, acceptance and serv- ice. Thus a newspaper like The Bulletin though full of years, as the Good Book says, remains youthful, vigorous and resilient.
With a pride usually pardoned, a centenarian—even among newspapers —is tempted to cavort and kick the heels on attaining that 100th milestone; to brag a bit, tell about the hard days of early struggle, dispense high-sounding platitudes, reveal private secrets of longevity.
But a sobering thought prevents The Bulletin from cutting ‘such capers: Where, it might-be asked, would The Bulletin be without the people of Phila- delphia? This newspaper, in a very real sense, is the creation of the place where it has thrived and of the inhab- itants thereof. Yes, The Bulletin can very easily be viewed as a mirror — an
echo—a response, if you will, to the city and all the millions of persons who have lived here in the past century.
And so The Bulletin on its important birthday has decided against recalling for Philadelphians in great detail how many presses it started with, its re- action to Lincoln’s address at Gettys- burg, how its handling of news and its service to readers have kept pace with every modern development.
Instead, it is considered more fitting to commemorate, in observing The Bulletin centennial, Philadelphia itself —the city that fostered this newspaper: To show what has been happening here; the growth, traditions we steer by, the mutations in appearance and customs, particularly during the past ten decades in which The Bulletin has had a vital role in reflecting that momentous life flow. Into this broad pattern of place and time, The Bulletin is inextricably woven, part and parcel through the changing years.
Yet even as we look backward over our shoulder we move on, for a city and
a newspaper alike cannot remain static.
Philadelphia and The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin are ever changing, progressing toward new decades and the problems and rewards they have to offer.
The Bulletin, aged 100, looks ahead with the experience of age and the energy of youth.
THE EVENING BULLETIN
1847 ye 1947
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FIRST MAP OF THE CITY, above, as planned by Penn himself in 1682. Early Philadels) phia lay between the rivers, Vine to Sou sts., less than two square miles in are Symmetrical, with its five public square this was the first city planning in ou country. Today Philadelphia is planni jts future growth through a City Planning} Commission.
OUR CITY GREW rapidly, its population spilling over into the surrounding countr so that by 1854 there were 28 independent districts, townships, boroughs, with thei own governments, as indicated on map at left. In that year a consolidation made all} the county one big city.
COMMISSIONERS HALL,
COMMISSIONERS HALL, Mae Northern Liberties. ~ INDEPENDENCE HALL Spring Garden served as Philadelphia’s City Hall before
and after consolidation—from 1791 to 1895. A A rH
CONSOLIDATION
Philadelphia in 1854 was pinched within an area of two square miles, its same size as when Penn had founded it, 172 years before. But crowded into this tiny territory now were 121,376 souls.
Although a progressive community, rich in trade as well as American history and tradition, we ranked fourth among the Nation’s cities. In a single day 287,669 others were made Philadelphians and we became the second city in the land.
The union of the big-little town of Philadelphia with 15 surrounding bor- oughs and districts and 13 townships was one of the greatest events in our long history.
Into these outlying areas the over- flow population had been moving. These small municipalities had their own policemen, volunteer fire fighters, “city halls,” governing councils, ad- ministrative bodies providing one way or another for necessary services to residents. Some were badly in debt, others well off.
Some, both in the city and outside it, did not favor consolidation. But in years to come all agreed it had been a most essential step in the city’s progress. Once accomplished, Philadelphia was ready to go forward with a comprehensive, unified plan in police and fire protection, street lighting, bridge building, expansion of the water, sewer, highway and park systems.
CHINESE MUSEUM, 9th and San- som sts. (below), scene of Consoli- dation Ball on Mareh 11, 1854.
STREET SIGNS
CSCOMMISSIONERS HALL, : é i Before consolidation.
Moyamensing.
TURN BACK THE CLOCK and view our town and waterfront a century or more ago with this old print above. A handsome side-wheeler churns down river past wooded Smith’s or Windmill island. Sailing vessels swarm the docks. At Wharton st. (upper left) stands the old Navy
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THE CLOCK SPEEDS AHEAD, and we look down from The Bulletin’s airplane upon modern Philadelphia over a cameraman’s shoulder. The city has spread out and upward. There is much that has changed but much, too. has changed but little. Old Christ Church’s steeple canbe
Yard, our Nation’s first, but beyond, where hundreds of thousands (¢ South Philadelphians now live, is only verdant countryside. Gaze | along the wide Market st. with its stalls; note the city squares th Penn planned. The hump of Belmont Plateau (?) looms at upper rig}
clearly seen in both pictures. Independence Hall is where it has alwe been and so are the city squares, although City Hall now towers in center one. Now as then the Market st. ferry is an active link betwd Philadelphia and Camden.
, THOSE SHAD DINNERS and that shad fishi
ell you about it all, the days when the Delaware teemed with these
tious fish, easily caught on their spring runs.
PHILADELPHIA NAVY YARD was located on the Delaware River’ below Wharton st. from 1815 to 1875. During this time it produced 35 war vessels including our Nation’s first battleship, the frigate United States, designed by Joshua Humphreys, a Philadelphian. This old drawing shows installations about 1875, shortly before League Island yard was opened, 28 years after the first Evening Bulletin had been published. Pennsyl- vania Railroad bought the old yard for $1,000,000 at public auction in 1875. Its piers are still active.
“BETWEEN THESE RIVERS”
t ! Get Dad latters of one whole shad (with roe yet!) that cost 50 to 75 cents. Homelgvont fe Banks of the Delaware were lined with shacks (inset) which were filled
At Gloucester, as old with fishermen during brief shad season. h above reminds, thousands of Philadelphians gathered for plank
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FERRIES WERE ESSENTIAL between our city and New Jersey from earliest history. First line was set up in 1695; others followed rapidly. Market St. Ferry, shown in old drawing and modern photograph, opened in 1785. Hand power propelled first boats. Later, horses moved paddle wheels by treading in circles. Steam ferries arrived in 1800. Early ferry trips were expensive. Charges per passenger ran as high as 12% cents; $1.50 for horse and wagon. Rates doubled in winter! Railroads bought up old privately-owned lines just prior to Civil War, still operate them.
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| PHILADELPHIA NAVAL BASE, one of the largest in the world, arose on this peaceful setting of a century ago. Trees grew prolifically at the confluence of the Delaware and Schuylkill; a wind- ing road along the former’s bank was a charming carriage drive. View in this old print is from Gloucester Point in 1846, 30 years before League Island yard was opened. George Washington once slept in that old house amid the willows, early boarding place for fashionable Philadelphians.
BETWEEN THESE RIVERS ©
A BREEZY SUMMER RESORT for Philadelphians once stood in mid-Delaware. Drawing above shows Smith’s or Windmill Island in 1861. It extended from about Arch to Walnut sts. Two small catamaran steamboats hauled pleasure seekers to the spot from Walnut st. wharf on a 10-minute schedule. The island offered bathing, music, entertainment. Its beer garden was open even on Sundays. Forty feet of water now occupy this old frolicking ground of yesteryear. ~*
VIEW OF ISLAND in the ’90’s. An in- creasing menace to navigation it was removed in 1897. For more than a cen- tury it was the scene of exciting doings; balloon ascensions, tight-rope perform- ers helped draw crowds. A lurid chapter in our city’s past also was witnessed there when on May 9, 1800, three men were hanged for river piracy.
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MARKET ST. BRIDGE, in early 1800’s, shown in print above. It connected the city wi) Haddington, as West Philadelphia was formerly called. In earliest days, a ferry plied tl) Schuylkill at this point, later a floating bridge was placed. The first substantial Mark St. bridge was opened in 1805, cost $150,000, was in constant use until 1875. During th sh period a roof was added and in 1850 the Pennsylvania Railroad widened it to lay track] eb.) Ae Today’s bridge (upper corner) dates from 1932.
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OLD BRIDGE AT FAIRMOUNT above, built in 1842. It was the first The present span, now called Spring Garden St. Bridge opened! suspension bridge of its kind in the country. How Philadelphians (lots same year. The Philadelphia Museum of Art can be glimpsed o of ’em) protested when this interesting landmark was removed in 1S75. east bank in the modern photograph in upper corner.
“BETWEEN THESE RIVERS”
AWARE RIVER? No, guess again, mister. It’s the Schuylkill. The old drawing above shows that ling. commercial stream teeming with sailing vessels, lined with piers and wharves, as it ed to an artist in 1876. It was drawn just below “new” South Street Bridge. Ocean-going
ners and four-masters could sail up-river as far as Chestnut st.
ESTNUT ST. BRIDGE barred passage of the tall vessels after it was erected in 1866. Smaller boats fever, such as coal barges, canal boats, a wide assortment of small fresh-water craft, kept the om of the Schuylkill busy all the year around. This bridge is the oldest locally-built span across river. Aerial photo shows Schuylkill bridges now.
BETWEEN THESE RIVERS
BRIDGE AT GRAY'S FERRY in 1800 looked more like the G. I.-built pontoon structures you saw pictured in The Bulletin during World War II than a river span near an important city—actually the Nation’s capital at the time. The bridge was a floating affair, at that, and its antecedents were strictly military. The British redcoats were kind enough to throw a bridge similar to this across the Schuylkill during their occupation of Philadelphia ir the Revolutionary War. We got the bridge when we recaptured the city. It stood until 1789 when we built another like it, pictured above. The floater was replaced by a permanent iron structure on the identical spot in 1838. Note the sylvan setting of the Gray’s Ferry area in that day. Houses were few; hunting and fishing were almost as good as they had been in Indian days.
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FAIRMOUNT WATER WORKS on the Schuylkill, from an old daguerro- countryside dotted with farms, large estates, but no lovelier than our type made about 1848—one of the earliest outdoor photos taken in present Fairmount Park, though the river was more pleasant. Much America. Philadelphians at this time traveled by river steamer, of the area pictured here lay in big Lemon Hill estate, later to he- shown in picture, all the way to Manayunk, passing through lovely come the nucleus of the Park.
BETWEEN THESE RIVERS
SUNDAY AFTERNOON IN THE 70'S was the fashionable time to go for a drive or canter. This old drawing shows us how the section near Girard Ave. Bridge appeared in Grandma’s day. The magnificent coach-and-four dominating drawing at right was the peak of elegance. Certainly its owner was a man of wealth and distinction. We are looking backward to a time when a man’s buggy, hrougham or tandem marked his consequence in the eyes of his fellowmen just as — perhaps more so—his motor car does now. Amiable, escorted ladies, riding sidesaddle of course, gallop by. Others occupy the coaches and we assure you not one of them would have dreamed of alighting without raising her dainty parasol. Note the train to the dress of mother with her daughter on sidewalk at left.
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: DGE i hoto view, this time from Lemon Hill in the stages its gigantic Fourth of July celebration, was then mostly farms Bre rhet We Peupriee had not yet been built and this portion and old estates. Egglesfield, celebrated colonial homestead, was sit- of what is now Fairmount Park, the location where The Bulletin uated just north of Girard av. at Pennsylvania Railroad Bridge.
IN THE WIDE OPEN SPACE below we vie Penn Square as it appeared in 1871. Hej in the next 14 years the city’s principal lan} mark and hub, our colossal City Hall, was | rise. This plot is plowed deep with Phil delphia history. In his original plan Willia, Penn had called it Centre Square, an opis space 10 acres in area. Upon it the fir} Friends Meeting House had been erecti} but the building was soon abandoned | being “too far west’ from the city’s li still centered. about the waterfront. Tr} spot, so open and desolate in the photograg) had been occupied by race track and pub
| ARCH ST. M. E. CHURCH
MASONIC TEMPLE
WEST MARKET NORTH. Today, the Penn- sylvania Railroad’s Broad St. Station, once considered the city’s architectural wonder (upper left). In 1888 (lower photo) the Central Coffee House, a hotel, stood here. In a second-floor front room of this old hostelry the Pennsylvania Society of Sons of the Revolution was organized. City Hall under construction can be seen on right of picture.
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3 aes CITY HALL as it appears today. At
z ae time of its ome it was WEST MARKET, SOUTH (above). Today, the Broad St. Trust Co. At bottom, site of ailedia8 (the sword aia Res cue Polytechnic College in 1863; later Medico-Chirurgical College and Third National Bank. building.
SQUARE
allows in the early 1700’s; by a drill rounds and encampment during the Revo- tion, and after 1799 by the reservoir and umping station as well as a public park and creation area. In 1825 the water works as removed, the. park divided into four ctions and renamed Penn Square. Broad . crossed Market in the center. In the notograph below, Masonic Temple was in le process of being built and Arch St. M. E. hurch was already standing. Other photos . the corners of this page show corner de- lopment in Penn Square.
BULLETIN BLDG.
MKT. ST. NAT'L. BANK
NORTH BROAD, EAST (above) today the Masonic Temple stands at Broad and Filbert sts. Its cornerstone was laid in 1868 and the structure became the home of the first Masonic lodge in America, which had been founded in 1730. The rustic-looking photo- graph of this corner was taken in 1860. In the modern picture the Bulletin Building is pictured at the corner of Juniper st.
CITY HALL ANNEX
BILLY PENN statue stood in the courtyard 1893-4, while the tower ie being completed. It is 37 feet EAST MARKET, SOUTH (above). Where Wanamaker store now stands, drawing at. bottom, high, weighs 26 tons. in 1839, shows U.S. Arsenal, first Central High School; Horse Traders Tavern at its left.
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EARLY CITY FATHERS imagined they had traffic problems. Here was fare was an ugly street in the early 19th century with mid-street one ambitious solution suggested by an artist in 1805, calling for an market stalls, refuse-filled gutters—the stiJ] more unbeautiful trestle elevated railway on East Market st., starting at 2d. Our main thoro- work would have been no improvement. He didn’t get it.
—AND HERE is Market st. west of 2d today.
LOWER MARKET ST., west of 3d (above) about 1858, when outdoor markets, commonly referred to as “shambles,” ran from 2d to 15th sts. until wiped out by law in 1859. Most of city’s food was purchased at such stalls. At right, ornate old structure embellished with cornu- copia, at end of stall line-up, 2d and Market.
THE SCENE EVER CHANGES
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WHERE THE EARLE THEATRE now stands, S. E. corner 11th Dumb, 1823. When that institution moved to Broad and Pine
* and Market sts.,.a private residence was located in the early sts., the structure became an hostelry known as Mansion i} 19th century untii it was taken over as a home for Deaf and House Hotel and one of the most popular in the city.
SAME BUILDING in 1853, now called New Mansion House with porch and shop fronts added. In front of the place soldiers are marching in formation to the Pennsylvania R. R. passenger station adjoining. :
BINGHAM HOUSE was erected on site after Mansion House and station were pulled down around 1876. This famous old hotel con- tinued as one of city’s most im-
EARLE THEATRE across Market st. portant until its removal in 1926.
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this time Penn Square was surrounded by an iron fence, covered with trees. Broad and Market crossed in the square’s center, railroad tracks, passenger and freight trains ran up and down Market.
OLD WATER COLOR pictures Pennsylvania Freight Depot about 1870 occupying the south side of Market Street between Juniper and 13th. The Wanamaker store was built on the site in the early 1900’s. At
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63RD AND MARKET STS. in 1900. Ladies’ skirts store. Roundabout lay open lots and farms, were long—and so was trolley trip into town. On The Evening Bulletin of the day records s¢ 4
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old flour mill site, is now located a Sears Roebuck happenings in the area.
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} RURAL AIR clung to many areas of West Philadelphia only 40 years ago. Looking north n 63d st. from Market we see open lots, a few old-fashioned single and twin houses. his scene is more reminiscent of the outskirts of some White Horse Pike community than he present busy intersection it is now with shops, huge apartments, elevated station.
WEST PHILADELPHIA in another bygone view. This time we go back to 1879 when The Bulletin was 32 years old and study the S. E. corner of 44th and Chestnut sts. The old drawing catches Sansom st. in the process of being graded with rather archaic looking, horse-drawn equip- ment. The ruins of an old cotton mill stand forlornly in the center. At left, the crossing today, looking south on 44th.
THE SCENE EVER CHANGES
A FAVORITE SPOT of early citizens was Charlotte Ginther’s Beer Garden, north side of Arch becween ith and 12th sts. Also called a “mead” garden it wooed the thirsty from 1801 until 1821, was one of city’s most popular taverns. But it closed promptly at 9 P. M.! The house, shown in drawing, stood until 1901. Dr. George Wood, of U. of P. Medical School, lived here many years. At right, same site today.
THEN AND NOW: Northside of Arch st., 6th to 7th, was tree-lined in 1862, photo recalls. Columns of old Arch St. Theater, of Barrymore family connections, Lionel, John and Ethel, appear right of center. Note: Some of buildings, slightly altered, shown in photo left, are still standing.
ALONG THESE STREETS
STREET MERCHANTS still sell their wares on Philadelphia streets, even now find the oppor- tunities of private enterprise beckoning along our thoroughfares, particularly in some neigh- borhoods. Merchandise ranges from fruit and pretzels to drygoods and household notions.
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pees Wad is ICE CREAM HAWKERS in earlier Philadelphia "WHITEY WASH MAN, whitey wash man,” this
were called “Hokey Pokey men”. Their cans familiar figure of yesteryear sang as he plied of luscious ice cream were pushed along the his trade all over town. He had plenty of streets in barrows. “Hokey Pokey, find a competitors in the spring and fall, for in those cake; Hokey Pokey on the lake”, they cried. days not only cellars but kitchens and bedrooms It sounds meaningless now but it brought as well were subjected once or twice a year to the kids on the run. Our city made the first dazzling coats of whitewash. What a simple ice cream in America. Also, the first ice method of housecleaning, eh, Madam?
cream sodas (at the Fair in 1876).
|} RAZOR SHARPENERS also did a lively business on corners in the days of the straight - edged whisker snickersnee. }(Yes, Junior, even gentlemen with beards had to shave sometimes.)
| OYSTER VENDORS had to conform with } certain limitations of the law. In the | pre-ice era, they were obliged to sell off | their wares before high noon. Deftly | they opened the bivalves before the | customer’s eyes. The price? Twenty- | five cents the peck! Oyster men had a
Special little ditty of their own but we
can’t reproduce it here without a music | score. |
UMBRELLA MEN sought trade on local street! from earliest times. This fellow sold, rathe than repaired, bumbershoots.
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“ON SUNDAY," commented a Russian artist who observed our streets around 1811, “it is as though the city were in mourning.” Visitors here still remark about our Sabbath-keeping. This same artist commented, however, after completing his painting shown above depicting Arch st. Meeting House on a Sunday, that “the Quakeresses are distinguished by fine figures and small feet.” And in the painting below, a dancing scene at an old inn, he has illustrated that early Philadelphians knew how to make merry on week days. Note the aged Negro fiddler and the gay blade who smokes as he dances.
OLD ST. MARY ST. in the 1870’s could well be
classified as a slum area, with its open gutter, , chickens and goats roaming the highway. The : poor lived in appalling squalor in days gone by. The city still has its blighted areas; wise ony planning in the years ahead will eliminate them.
“ALONG THESE STREETS”
BETWEEN THE ACTS, playgoers at the Chestnut iy St. Theater in early 1800’s hurried outside’ and | | ate a half-dozen oysters on the half shell, ( purchased from vendor pictured in illustration Hi by our Russian visitor at left. On another | corner, a disabled “G.I.” of the Civil War, reduced to pitiable straits, is selling shoe- . strings. (Drawing above.) | |
E MEN did a bustling trade among young and —but especially the young! —along our reets in periods past. Celebrations and holi- ys spurred business, old painting at right ggests. Below, drawing of mustache sales- an at work. Upper-lip adornment spelled rility in those days. Young men hurried Heir years by buying false “soup-strainers.”
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“ANY OLD RAGS, any old bottles, etc., etc.”” We have the junk buyers now and our ancestors had them before us, the men who traveled up and down the town earning their living out of the household’s dis- carded articles. But the modern entrepreneur of valuable rubbish is now “mechanizing.” The wagon and old Dobbin are rolling from the scene as the 4-ton truck moves in.
THE PEPPER POT WOMAN—who has not heard erandmom tell about her little folding table, her spoons, dishes and steaming soup kettle? Her song went: “Peppry Pot, all hot, all hot! Makee back strong, makee live long! Come buy my pepper pot.”
"SPECTACLES!" cried the eye-glass lad) on old Market St., “for all who ca read.” (Only the blind were beyond he salvation!) You stepped up, tried o} one pair after another and gazed, per) haps, at your copy of The Bulletin til} you found “Specs” to your liking. Need less to say we've learned considerabl about eye care since then.
THE OLD CRAB MAN was at his busiest on j) summer’s evening. Every child could repeaj his cry: “Crabs, fresh crabs, Fresh Baltimore crabs, Put ’em in the pot / With the lid on top. Fresh Baltimore crabs.”
THE PRETZEL MAN still holds forth on our corners. Mustard, now an added attraction, was unheard of a generation ago.
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ALONG THESE STREETS
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HE HURDY-GURDY MAN made his first appearance in Phila- elphia in the middle 1850’s and has continued to take his monkey and organ into the neighborhoods ever since. Handing ‘da monk” a penny and watching him doff his wee hat in gratitude is one of childhood’s long-remembered thrills.
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THE SCISSORS GRINDER of yesteryear had a pushcart. Housewives and butchers flocked to the corner when he happened by. There are few of these simple operators remaining. Now they come with a well-equipped truck.
MOST MEAT was slaughtered right here in town in days past. Western packers now perform much of this service. Drawing, above, shows a scene in an old stockyard. The work- men seem to have their hands full with those lively calves.
BUTCHERS in the outlying areas often called from door-to-door with their carts, filled with choice cuts. They had fo cries; in fact their position was rather a dignified one. Each | butcher had a faithful dog following him on his rounds. Smart pooch!
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BEHIND A DRAYMAN'S CART, about 1888, we gaze up lonely Broad st. from Walnut, toward incom: pleted City Hall with its truncated tower. At Sansom st. corner, on left, is old Lafayette Hotel; on
right, the Chambers Church. Observe how horse traffic wandered as it pleased.
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, oldest scientific institution of its kind in U. S., occupied N. W. cor ner of Broad and Sansom sts., 1839-76. Photo was snapped in pre-Civil War year of 1860 when Th Evening Bulletin was only 13 years old. Adjoining Academy stood LaPierre Hotel. Beyond at Broa aa reine be 3-story brick residence, Up Broad across Penn Square looms First Baptist Chure
ire at Arch st. {
2OAD AND SANSOM STS. in Civil War days. Note sorry condition of the wintry streets. Building at ft is being torn down to make room for home of Union League. Not long before this a stockyard also eupied part of present Union League site. At right, where the old Academy of Natural Sciences once ood—since moved to the Parkway—the Land Title Bank & Trust Co. is now located.
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THROUGH GRECIAN ARCHES of this old church that stood on the east side of Broad st. north of Chestnut in 1864, trees then flourishing in Penn Square are glimpsed. Wanamaker’s Men’s Store now rises here.
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AT BROAD AND SANSOM STS., N. E. Corner, Chambers Presbytcrian Church stood in 1864, present site of North American Building (right). This was a residential section. Railroad tracks ran down center of cobble-stoned, gas-lit Broad st. Horse-drawn busses, hansom cabs provided trans-
portation. er. 1 ‘acti + 7 ny a ;
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TREES, FLOWERS BLOOMED in gardens of Lippincott “Yellow Mansion,” city showplate when this photc was taken in 1880. It stood on east side of Broad between Sansom and Walnut sts., where Fidelity: Philadelphia Building now is located. A huge, 100-ft. elm shaded Juniper and Walnut corner.
' BUILDING OF A METROPOLIS
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AT BROAD AND ARCH STS., the graceful spire of First Baptist | Church, dedicated in 1857, once } towered at the northwest corner i above fine residences. A landmark | for four decades, it was torn down in 1897. U.G.I. Building (above | later was raised here. it
BROAD ST. APPEARED BROADER before mid-street light standards were introduced. View looking north across Girard Ave. in 1892. Handsome P. A. B. Widener mansion, valued at $600,000, at northwest corner; the George D. Widener place, next door. Pretentious structure across street, just above Girard Ave., was home of William L. Elkins, Widener’s traction company partner. Today’s view shows Widener place, until recently a library, and Hotel Majestic.
caught in this old photograph showing | corner 2d and Chestnut sts. Four-face lamp posts, topped by Federal eagle, stod
paned windows bore shutters. Below, U. | Customs Building now on same corner, a structures of yesteryear vanished
COLONIAL CHARACTER of city in 1855 on corners of cobble stone streets. Sma
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WIDENER BUILDING, above now towers on S. made here, 1839
N. W. corner Chestnut and Juni where old U. S. Mint (right) st early 1830’s to 1901 until graduall
rounded by office buildings.
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LDING OF A METROPOLIS
T CHESTNUT ST. business was moving. By 1865 when he Bulletin was 18 years old shops were established at reet. level in many an old colonial 3- and 4-story building, s can be seen in view above showing north side of street oking up from 9th.
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ME BOOM that began in Philadelphia following the Civil Tar sounded the death knell for many old Chestnut st. mructures. Toward the end of the century taller buildings, s at right, were rising. On the site we now see the Post ffice, Record building and the Federal Reserve Bank. Yet me’s change saw these, too, disappear. In smaller photo- itaph above is the block rebuilt a third time, as it appears day with its two fine, modern U. S. Government edifices. Till another century see even these replaced?
BUILDING OF A METROPOLIS
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BROAD & CHESTNUT STS., today THE N. W. CORNER had changed considerably by 1900 we one of world’s busiest intersec- ones 44 By fs. ; } find in the picture above. A famous saloon stood next to tions, was a residential district in silez, J ahi Bas § z Ld the corner and Kugler’s old restaurant beyond that. In 1841 when sketch above, showing : (= mid-Broad st. one of earliest traffic islands had appeared. N. W. corner, was made. Small Today the Girard Trust Co. building (photo at left) tradesmen were entering scene. raises its dome on this corner.
LAND TITLE BUILDING rises at the S. W. corner today (photo at left) where the Adams Express Co. was situated in 1876 (below). But we can still see La Pierre Hotel’s sign on adjoining building, as in earlier day. Tin pave- ment awnings were becoming commonplace at business corners. Eventually these spread all over town but were banned in years to come. Gas lamps had appeared; also overhead wires which carried only telegraph messages.
S. W. CORNER in 1864 (below)
pictures a private residence with
the old La Pierre Hotel adjoining. in In this Civil War day private Vi houses lined Chestnut st.
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HE N. E. CORNER, where’ Wanamaker’s Men’s Store stands »day (at right) was preceded by high, stone-carved office ildings at end of 19th Century (above.) A well-patron- ed rathskeller held forth in the basement of corner build- « for many years, That traffic light was one of the rliest in Philadelphia.
HE BULLETIN FLASHCASTS its news above the shop in the sodern bank building now at the S. E. corner (photo at ight.) Many, many thousands pass this corner during he day and evening hours. Yet in the ’90’s (photo below) he spot had changed little from that earlier day pictured a sketch at lower right hand corner. B. Franklin’s De- betive Agency (no relation to Poor Richard) had taken ver the old private residence. The policeman looks like | Mack Sennett character.
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SMALL STORES, plus old church north on Broad st., featured N. E. corner area in 1870’s (above). Finnelli’s famous oyster house was located a few doors down Chestnut St. Eli K. Price once lived next to church.
S. E. CORNER (below) in 1868. Residential in all directions. Un- trafficked streets were cleaned only once a month—and by hand. Busy area was many blocks east toward Delaware River.
BUILDING OF A METROPOLIS fam “" Poe
COLONNADE HOTEL (below) aros: 1868 on the site of those colonna row houses. It stood until! 1925. Tj ing- World War I it was a sm gathering place for young offic many of whom entertained tl young ladies in its sedate dir room. This was the era of the | Trot and Bunny Hug dances, 20-cent cocktail. .
COLONNADE ROW (above) was the name given 4-story row built on south side of Chestnut st. west of 15th more than a century ago. T'he name h was applied because of heavy-pillared porches. ; These homes, typical of others soon to rise throughout the city, were considerd very fashion- ; able. Columns of old Episcopal Church of The Ro} Epiphany can be seen at right in this sketch.
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15TH & CHESTNUT, S. W. corner, as it appears at present. Com- pare modern office building on this mid-town site with struc- tures that preceded.
S. E. CORNER, 15th and Chestnut (above) where solid old dwellings, their carriage houses in rear, stood until 1875. In that year the Y.M.C.A. erected its fine building here (at left). Com- modious as it was, the “Y” eventually found it too small, opened larger quarters on Arch st. A HANDSOME bank building
occupies the S. E. corner.
ON THE N. W. CORNER, 15th and Chestnut sts., formerly stood the Episcopal Church of The Epiphany, consecrated in 1834, This magnifi- bia cent structure with its ivy-covered walls was | one of the most popular houses of worship in Philadelphia. It is hard for us today to realize that this edifice, and the walled grave- yard that extended north on 15th st. from Chestnut, occupied this site until the early 2 1900’s, before being swept away by the ex- ‘ panding mid-town business section.
IT LOOKS today, that N. W. corner.
HE N. E. CORNER was occupied by an d-looking frame house when this ketch (at right) was made in 1864. onsider now the four corners of this htersection you have seen in drawings this and the opposite page, most of em made less than a century ago and ithin the life span of many yet living!
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THE YEAR 1915 was only 32 years ago, yet the photo (at left) of the N. E. corner, 15th and Chestnut, seems hopelessly ‘‘dated,” according to modern downtown standards. Another small building occupies the site now (at right.) What this spot will look like in another decade, who can say?
BUILDING OF A METROPOLIS
BROAD ST. AND ERIE AV. in the year 1883, looking southward. If you had climbed in your carriage and headed into town you would have passed only a few houses in the next two miles. Neither Broad st. nor Ger- mantown av. this far north was yet paved. At right, the modern view.
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LEAGUE ISLAND, at the other end of Broad st., looking northward half century. Actually, most of the lower section of South Philadelphia through the old-fashioned, Victorian gates in 1891. One might feel has been built up in those intervening years. But then, as now, our that the over-all vista has not changed unbelievably here in the past big Naval Base was one of the most important in the Nation.
- Or SMOKE & SMOKE-EATERS
PRIDE OF PHILADELPHIA was this magnificent piece of fire-fighting equipment, the possession of one of our numerous volunteer fire companies in 1853. The brawny firemen of that. day, when The Bulletin
. was an infant, pulled this machine to the scene of the alarm by hand, for the horse-drawn fire engine had not yet come. That ornate tower of metal in center of wagon was a hand pump, requiring more manual labor. Fires were frequent and too often more than our blaze battlers could manage as you will realize in leafing through this book and noting the many important buildings of olden times that were victims of flames.
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PANDEMONIUM broke loose when firemen of a century ago sped to their task. Whooping and shouting, the well-trained teams went through the streets, the captain dashing ahead, blowing his horn. Then, as now, all the neighbors turned out and small boys trailed in the firemen’s wake, though they had a better chance of keeping up with the engine then. Equipment, compared with today’s, was crude indeed. Yet, many a man’s home and business were saved by the selfless efforts of these volunteers who served with- out pay. Public contributions kept the companies in operation.
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THEY'RE OFF TO A FIRE! Roused from their beds, perhaps many blocks away, the volunteers buckle down to their job in this old drawing, still not realizing that the horse is man’s best friend. In that era, fire plugs were packed ’round with straw. If they froze the straw was lighted to thaw them out. At right, an old horn used by a fire captain to signal orders to his men and announce the engine’s approach at intersections.
A GENERAL ALARM summoned the city’s newly organized, pail fire department to the grounds of the Centennial Exposition if 1876. Thousands watched the firemen control flames which fc a while threatened our historic World’s Fair. Old timers tell v it provided one of the most outstanding sights at the expositior
THIS AMBULANCE used by an old volunteer company previousl had been in the Union’s service during the Civil War, carryin/ wounded soldiers from the railroad station to Army hospitals s up here. Many a fire ambulance called public attention to suce| service by legends on the wagon side.
THE TIN HAT (above) was standard equipment for old-time fire fighters. No doubt these offered some protection but how much is open to surmise. The later model (below) is more streamlined, ap- proaching today’s helmet in appearance, but the modern headpiece is less ornate.
bREAT FIRE at the old Masonic Temple ‘Chestnut st., between 7th and 8th, sed damage estimated at $35,000, a ‘able figure in 1819. In the early micles of the city, fires loomed large vents of the times. ranked with mur- Cases among the big news stories of ear. Sometimes they still do.
LUNTEERS fight a fire in an old colo- | building (at right). Drawing made (855. Main pressure was low but old, ated-leather hoses often broke. The hpanies vied with one another in ching the scene first and often en- red in fisticuffs to establish priority.
SMOKE & SMOKE-EATERS
Paul Revere scene on equipment of old Lexington Fire Co.
This winsome guitar player on panel rode another engine.
FIRE IN WINTER, a modern scene. Glacial effects rise under the firemen’s hose, hampering their work. Philadelphia has one of the most efficient
departments in the country.
OIL PAINTINGS such as this one gar- nished sides of fire engines in old days.
FIRE ENGINE of 1840 vintage with a well- equipped fireman by its side. A cape protected the volunteer’s shoulders; a tin helmet, his head. Hand pump is shown in center of wagon.
Beauteous maidens furnished the motif on another engine.
In this engine decoration a pretty lady strums a harp.
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CITY'S WORST FIRE occured in 1901 at 18th and Market sts., s' talked about on the early watch. Twenty-two persons lost lives and great damage was done.
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SMOKE & SMOKE-EATERS
ONE OF THE EARLIEST steam fire engines (on left) used in the city dates from 1858. At last the equine had been put into fire harness where he was to serve many decades. No doubt our forefathers who watched this innovation roll by asked one another “What will they think of next?”
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IN THE TRANSITION period from man-drawn to horse-drawn equipment the old engines had little trouble converting. The volunteers simply stepped away from the wagon tongue and hitched the horses thereto. The engine pictured (with a trailer!) belonged to the Hibernia Engine Co., one of the oldest groups of volunteers in Philadelphia.
) PARTING: The last two horses used by the city’s fire department are led CORRECTLY-ATTIRED firemen in former times wore high tin m their station. Most of these animals, so knowing they learned to recognize hats. These were painted with colorful designs and symbols of
summons of the firchouse alarm, found homes on nearby farms, the volunteer company as were their leather capes, belt buckles and other parts of their uniform.
SMOKE & SMOKE-EATERS
I
t UTILIZATION OF HORSES in the fire-combating scheme of things boosted speed i efficiency tremendously. For many decades horse-drawn engines rumbled through Fh adelphia’s streets until motorized vehicles inevitably replaced them. Photograph ak shows the old-style machine as it appeared in its final days. Many of the city’s firei received early training on such equipment.
UNFORGETTABLE SCENE in our recent past (above) when a careening engine drawn by horses three abreast dashed up to the scene of a fire, the driver bellowing commands to his husky steeds. r
| { j j
BUREAU oF FIRE
FIRE BOATS along the waterfront, capable of tossing tons of water high OLD VS. NEW, summary of an epoch. One of our latest engit in the air over any flaming wharf or ship offer indispensable fire-control J posed beside an old timer that did its share of work in years 1] . protection to our port. Above, the J. Hampton Moore puts on a display. past. How our city could have used modern devices in those day | wooden houses, open fire places, kerosene lamps!
BY THE BEAUTIFUL SEA
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ATLANTIC CITY'S SALT BREEZES were the delight of Philadelphians as sojourners. Gaunt Absecon lighthouse, a handful i
E ; s : wae of seasid far back as 1874 when this drawing was made, and The Evening the first narrow boardwalk ae shown in this rather sotolate pe Bulletin’s columns of the day made occasional reference to shore looking north from Massachusetts av. i
ECOND BOARDWALK, built after the first vas destroyed by storm in 1889, displays ghts, railings, parasoled throngs in_this 1890 picture. The resort was going places jut still awaited piers, shops, giant hotels.
“WORLD'S PLAYGROUND" as it appears at present with its wide boardwalk, rolling chairs, teeming crowds of vacationers. Beach appears the same but actually shore- line has shifted slightly. ‘
“BY THE BEAUTIFUL §
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sis BY THE SEA at Atlantic City in 1876. Shacks for changing to bath- ing togs were available but this sketch suggests that old clothes often served for sea duty. Smart folk drove their carriages along the strand.
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BEACH SCENE in 1890. Crowds re- laxed in pavilions, inhaling the salubrious air, while gentlemen in derbies, ladies in bustles wandered along the shore. Gay blades often yeneied down to Atlantic City by ike.
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INTREPID BATHERS in full regali at century’s turn. News photo graphers had not yet coined tern “cheesecake” to describe femini beauty, and it’s just as well!
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ANTIC CITY SKYLINE as we view it today with luxurious shorefront hotels built at a cost of many lions—and where vacationers spend many mil- s. The “playground of the world” is in Philadel- a’s back yard.
BEAUTY PAGEANT contenders, 1946. In this annual climax of Jersey Shore’s season, the pick of Nation’s curvaceous, talented young womanhood assemble. Phila- delphia lassies have won their share of Miss America titles.
FIRST PAGEANT, held in 1921, in- dicates how styles in beach wear as well as in hair-do and overall standards of feminine pulchritude have altered. Earlier girlies lived in a day when it was smart to be hefty. :
BY THE BEAUTIFUL SEA
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ee 24 Ab SURF HOUSE, 1880. Only two stories high and proud of it. “Few steps to climb,” its ads boasted. Rates: $20 per week for room and meals—bath not included. The nearby sea provided that. Located between Kentucky and Illinois avs.
the resort.
" PACIFIC AVENUE, 1876, Painting shows serene atmosphere and fashions of the period. Observe the nursemaid pushing baby buggy, the “quality folk”. everywhere. 4 A snooty book of the day prided Atlantic City for its “total absence of the working- class element.” Yet the masses were to make it the greatest resort in the world.
SEASHORE VILLAS, like this one owned by General Grant, were the last word in ’'70’s and ’80’s. From such ornate forerunners Atlantic City’s distinctive cottage architecture emerged. Wooden structures predominated. Porches were the rage; too much sunshine was considered unhealthful! Old Sol is now a chief asset of
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CONGRESS HALL, 1855. One of great hotels in days when Atlan City spoke of itself as a “Watering-Place.” On, Massachuse av., it sought the hoity-toity trade, described its patrons | “people of the most elegant manners and refinement.” ;
4
OUR THEATER HERITAGE
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FIRST THEATER in America was the Southwark, at South and Apollo sts., opened on November 21, 1766. Here “The Prince of Parthia” by Thomas Godfrey, Jr., the first American play, was produced on April 23, 1767. Colonial theatergoers trudged through mud to see this drama.
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IINSTREL SHOWS were long ‘favorite here. And some- mes the programs were as lical as the stage perfor- ance,
DUMONT'S MINSTRELS in their own theater and with their own new show each week, rolled Philadelphians in the aisles for a generation. The theater was on 11th st., south of Market, where one of the city’s earliest automats now stands.
CHESTNUT ST. THEATER (above) the third to bear the name, opened in 1863. Here such famous stage personages as Edwin Forrest and Sarah Bernhardt trod the boards. This building was razed about 1910. First Chestnut St. Theater (upper right) was built in 1793 on north side, near
6th st. Fire destroyed it in 1820.
“OLD DRURY" was name given to second Chestnut St. Theater, built on site of the first in 1822. Jenny Lind sang here and the first American opera worthy of the name— “Lenora” by William Fry, a Philadelphian — was presented in 1845. Theater pulled down about 1855.
PROGRAM for “Flom dora’”’, musical come} smash hit of eay 1900’s that became 4 American tradition. |
‘
OUR THEATER HERITAGE
-ADEMY OF MUSIC, now staid and “long- fir”, was the scene of occasional light CHORINES OF 1860'S. Costumes worn by these ladies in “The Black Crook,” first musical
ertainment in former years, as this old comedy to appear in Philadelphia, were considered extremely daring. Self-appointed censors pater program indicates. ranted; others voiced enthusiastic approval. But the show went on at Chestnut St. Theater and later at The Academy of Music, of all places!
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KIRALFY'S THEATER was built in 1876 to woo Centennial throngs. Kiralfy was noted for his extravaganza productions. In later years this popular house became the old South Broad St. Theater. Above, a ballet dancer of yesteryear.
THE DREW-BARRYMORES have been termed the “Royal Family of the American Theatre”. Mrs. John Drew, celebrated Philadelphia actress and owner and manager of the Arch St. Theater for 30 years, was the grandmother of Lionel, Ethel and the late John Barrymore, pictured above in an early photo. All three were born in Philadelphia; Lionel and Ethel at 119 N. 9th st., John at 2008 Columbia av.
ARCH ST. THEATER, at left, as it originally appeared. It was located at 609-15 Arch st. Opened in 1828, it was the second oldest playhouse in America. Management changed hands frequently; the house was not too successful before Mrs. John Drew managed it in 1861. Such famous thespians as Edwin Rooth, Joseph Jefferson and the Barry- mores were presented here. After Mrs. Drew retired in 1892 the place became a variety and later a foreign language theater. From 1902 to 1907 it was known as Blaney’s Theater. The Arch St. was torn down in 1956.
WALNUT ST. THEATER, built in 1809, is not only the oldest standing it still preserves its original outlines. Ghosts of the past stage gre playhouse in America but is believed to be the oldest in the world haunt its interior. Edwin Forrest and Mrs. John Drew both me continuously devoted to the drama. For 138 years it has not missed their first stage appearances in this venerable institution, ol a season. Although revamped, altered somewhat through the ages, managed by Charlotte Cushman.
RST PROJECTOR of photographic motion pictures in 1870. A practical oving picture machine was made in Philadelphia as early as 1860.
D BIJOU THEATER (below) on 8th st. above Race, is the first theater in Philadelphia to show movies ‘the general public. That momentous year in the ‘tory of local entertainment was 1896. The Bijou er became a burlesque house.
RUNE ST. THEATER (at right) where “Home Sweet jome” was sung for first time nearly 147 years ago. idwin Forrest, when 16, leased the playhouse for a ‘e-night performance of Richard III. In.1910 fire stroyed this structure, located east of Washington juare on Locust st.
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FORERUNNER OF HOLLYWOOD was Philadelphia. Here one of the earliest cinema studios in the country was located. Photo of 1900 shows old Lubin Studios, producers of many movie short subjects. Note crude painted scenery and the roof-top set. Kleig lights had not yet arrived so it was necessary to capture Old Sol’s rays for lighting.
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RICKETTS' CIRCUS was the center of Philadelphia night life followir}
ADMISSION. its construction in 1794 at the S.W. corner, 6th and Chestnut s'f
BOXES AND PARQUET, 25 CENTS. GALLERY, 12) CENTS. Provided with three entrances, brightened with “patented lights}
Large Private Borcs, $6.00, Sinal) do, $4.00. Single Scats in Private Buics, 30 Cents accommodating its patrons with a coffee house, the like of it Amerif
; DOOK: OPEN AT SEVEN O'CLOCK. PERFORMANCE TO COMMENCE AT HALE PAST SEVEY GCLOER had never seen before. But its span was brief ; it burned down in 17 A Seopa ARE ARE am hiss Au and was never rebuilt.
1 The Chief Fes’ awwhvet the Macegeme at rel, a distis ive Agee all other Eq hments, and strowg! f attention, ate the
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Se ae - WHEN THE FIRST calliope built in America te meg arrived here with a circus, drawn by 40 horses, be te ee: it created a sensation. Its owners boasted it was 6 : ae! “a marvel of musical construction, costing more ee en a ORR, * than $10,000.” re a oF ee or oR
LITTLE "COLUMBIA" arrived in this world on the morn’ of March 10, 1880, at 23d st. a1 Ridge av., where e circus had made its winter quarters. Philadelphia’ claims many “first but this is probably the most unusual. The tiny pachyderm, the first born in Amerid stood 30 inches, weighed a mere 213% pounds. However “Columbia” had to be put to dea in 1907 because “she was considered neither safe nor sane’, so we had rather bad luck wi our elephant. ,
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TICOAT 1: This rdy little number ; to be worn under ss and “over ps,” so the old hion book informs
ICOAT 2: A pleat- and somewhat e delicate under- g. Beneath a ball
was its proper e.
A FASHION BOOK of 1849 portrays these latest styles for ladies and gentlemen. Gown at right, a street dress suitable
for shopping, making calls. Center, stylish attire for re- ceiving callers. The gent is wearing two waistcoats, high stock, patent leather shoes.
Fashions for 1867.
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See the Fasnion Macazines and Orrntons of the =8s PROCLAIMING the great Superroniry of the JPLEX ELLIPTIC (or double) SPRING SKIRTS, }ich have now become the STANDARD SKIRT o
|}: FASHIONABLE WORLD.
\t Wuotesa.e by the exclusive manufacturers and }e owners of the Patent,
(fee WESTS, BRADLEY & CARY,
}97 Chambers and 79 & 81 Reade Sts., New York. for Saez in all Firsr Cxuass Storzs in this Crry and ‘oughout the Unirep Srates and ELSEWHERE.
SKIRT fashion ad. It was guaran- ot to bend, break. So indestruct- juilt, no doubt grandmother’s may ye found in cellar or attic.
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WHAT'S WRONG in this picture? Just this! A lady who lifted her skirt, ever so little, and even to cross a muddy street, was frowned upon as unneces- sarily exposing the ankle.
PETTICOAT 3: Still another style. It saw service over hoops. Two other petticoats underneath it. This grows complicated.
PETTICOAT 4: Frank- ly, we do not know just what you did with this one. Most ladies wore feur or five of the things.
GOWNS often were given names in century-old fashion books. The wedding dress worn by lady standing was entitled “Purity.” It was advertised as an improvement on Paris creations.
THE WAVE OF FASHION =
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Seppe a f pr : ! an Low often have Lf read of this Jos tablishment. The Clothing is as well made as in Chesnut st. I'll buy mone here in future, & save my money
Thanks to the public pros By reading Brown's advertis ment, I have saved 5 dollars, b
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DONNING BOOTS was quite a chore mid-19th Century, this old drawing minds. Lower-top type were for ind wear only. When a gentleman step'| outside he was prepared for the road 4 elements.
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CLOTHING ADVERTISEMENT of a Market St. retailer in the pre-Civil War era suggests the modern cartoon strip. (Those comments of his, supposedly made by the prospective buyers and recorded in the balloons, made interesting reading, too.) In those days long, tight trousers, held _in place by a strap under the instep, swallow tail coats and high beaver hats were all the rage. Men took their dress (almost) as seriously as women.
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LATEST MODES for the men folk, circa 1865. In this old fashion plate the proper suits for walking,- travel- : ing and business are portrayed. There was a “right” hat to wear for each occasion, though how many men abided by mode’s dictates is another question. This was the end of the Civil War period; the men’s clothes shown above might be described as the “zoot suits” of Grant’s and Robert E. Lee’s day.
THE WAVE OF FASHION
EXCITING HAIR-DO of the 1860’s featured a dering pigtail, very sweet and coy. At the ’s right is reproduced a copy of Godey’s y’s Book, the magazine that for more than a eration advised discerning women’ what to r. This was the first important fashion ‘azine in America; no well-dressed woman Id be without her copy. It was published in adelphia, of course, and edited by Mrs. ah «6S. Hale who, incidentally, wrote that hy nursery rhyme, “Mary Had a Little ib.”
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READY-MADE DRESSES were not yet widely popular in 1865, the date of this fashion plate. The simplest gown required many yards of cloth; most. ladies’ clothing was made at home by wearer or visiting dressmaker. Fastidious parents dressed their daughters like princesses, too.
ING ROOM in a clothing shop of the 1860’s. The industrial age HOOP-SKIRT SHOP in the days when an important element in milady’s
af eats ; ‘ * F 7 icle, today ray. Labor-saving machinery had not dress was more like a modern assembly line article. The hoop
e eerie 0 eet icine iehiching mea done by hand. Women seems a fashion extreme. Many at the time protested against its sense-
rked ten to 12 hours for wages averaging five dollars per week. lessness. Eventually it passed—to be supplanted by the bustle!
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MEASURING DRESS LENGTH at the seamstress’ was a serious ritual in the 1870’s. Exposing an ankle was positively indecent, my dear, in that multi-petticoated era when a lady had more yard goods wrapped about her figure than a half dozen of her granddaughters sport today. Advertisement, at right, features a corset which produced the wasp waist and wide hips considered so fashionable. Was all this conducive to health? The Victorian does said, “No!”
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B. V. D. Stamped on Band. None Others Gonulne.
ASK YOUR MERCHANTS TO ORDER THEM AT ONCE,
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! y . , { \ \ The B.V.D. SPIRAL Bustle. The only Bustle made that will not Break Down. It imparts a graceful, rounding shape to the figure, in keeping with the Latest Fashions, and is the Light- est, Coolest, and most Durable Bustle made. Sold in all first-class stores. Inquire for them. Manufactured exclusively by
BRADLEY, VOORHEES, & DAY M'?’G CO. (Limited), 83 and 85 White St.,New York.
OLD BUSTLE AD was enlightening. Not only did it claim to do won- derful things for the figure but it suggests an interpretation of those mysterious initials B.V.D. (See bottom of ad.)
~ ——— — fe ¢ ——
CAUSTIC COMMENTS on the bustle eventually led to caricatures in periodicals of the day. Attempts made to shame the women into more sensible dress. Commentators and editors—male ones, of course pointed out to the weaker sex that they were adding little to personal beauty with such exaggerat styles. After a number of years the ladies abandoned the bustle. Not because of criticism, but becaui they were ready for something newer. q
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_ ALWAYS GOOD FOR A LAUGH on the part of modern smart alecs is the bustle. ‘This amazing fashion extreme worn by ladies 70 years ago, has led many of us to smile pityingly at our female ancestors. But there were many “selling points” for the bustle, as the advertisement above explains. It was hailed as the answer to a lady’s prayer for “Symmetry” whether she was tall or short, stout or svelte.
BUSTLED LADIES PREPARE TEA in the illustration above. were required to envelop a bustie. A modern housewife a dozen aprons in either one of these.
trib att fame 4 pLNTAC RANT.
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THE WAVE OF FASHION
USTLES HAVE COME TO STAY!
For Women understand that they cannot afford fo let them go.
If a woman has tco large hips, the Bustle relieves them of their protubcrance; she have no hips at all apparently, the Bustle supplies the lack; if she have too large an abdomen, the Bustle gives her symmetry, if she be too tall and thin, the Bustle helps her, and if she be too short and broad it helps her none the less. there are women so divinely moulded, so exquistely symmetrical, that they do not need it, and may not wear it; but there is only one in a thousand so perfectly pro- portioned, and the other nine hundred and ninty-nine will still avail themselves of
if
Of course
Note the large, roomy aprons that would find material enough for half
TYPICAL STREET SCENE in the city’s downtown shopping area in 1874, It’s 5th st. between Market and Chestnut. Horse cars, car- riages, ladies with bustles and parasols add interest to the old drawing.
38 SUSSES. Ce.
THE WAVE OF FASHION
CHESTNUT ST. shopping scene in the 1870’s (at right.) Entire atmosphere seems elegant and gracious. How the ladies-—and they really dressed this way —managed in crowded streets, shops and restaurants with their bulky garments is one of those mysteries you'll have to ask your grandparents about.
CARICATURE of the hairdo in 1860 depicts pitiable condition of women weighted down with their crowning glory. Men have always made fun of women’s fashions, but it seldom has done any good.
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CALLING CARDS were always pre sented by gentlemen when the} called in the 1870’s. And they car ' \ ried walking sticks, of course. uJ
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FASHIONABLE lady raises field STRIPED model with bustle. An- VISITOR at our Fair wore jacket glasses on Centennial observation other eye-attracting number in with bows down back and. over tower. 1876. é bustle.
LE BLUE were these high ther shoes, but the laces re of tan. An 1896 model. nning shoes was a 15-min- p job.
HE BULLETIN pictured this elaborate evening gown hits pages in 1897. It featured yards and yards { ruffles. Decollete, tight-waisted, bouffant skirt.
GARDEN PARTY DRESS, 1890,
The parasol was an indispensable accessory.
THIS LADY, snapped at outdoor charity fete, was a fashion arbiter
of her . white embroidery.
A ground-sweeper, of course, but very alluring.
Yi
day. Black satin dress,
— taraaes
STUNNING strect dress of 1897. zebra-ish. The Bulletin described it as black serge, white flannel trim.
PINK TAFFETA tops, side-lac- ing, sky-blue tassels, patent- leather tips and heels. The year, 1880.
os a
Effect appears
THE WAVE OF FASHION
aes - * P99 S09 Sepacecy,
a
HORSE SHOW attenders, after turn of century. Observe big, de
RACE MEET spectators in carly 1900’s. These distinguished Philadel- bset | phia gentlewomen wore high collars, veils, long beads and ‘wide- rated hats, dark dresses, one of shiny black satin. Visiting a padde today these ladies probably would frighten even the horses!
brimmed hats. Sporting attire has changed considerably.
ED vA
WASH - WAIST, 1894. Woil
SHIRT- WAIST with great sleeves, advertised by a fa- mous mail order house in
with gentleman’s high coll tie. Price, $1.15. Describe as latest London craze.
1894. It cost just 95 cents,
SWEET YOUNG THINGS at their commencement exercises, around 1900. All carried large bunches of American Beauty roses. Coiffures seem monotonously
alike.
THE PROMENADE along Chestnut st. in the year 1893. The right for bargains. Women's dresses were so long they trailed the thing for gentlemen was the high silk topper or derby. Dis- ground and no doubt were of some small aid to the strect cleaning tinguished looking lady uses lorgnette as she inspects shop window _ bureau.
HOBBLE AND SLIT SKIRTS were in vogue about the stocking had arrived and it had become quite re- time of World War I, Display of ankle was per- — spectable, even fashionable, to use make-up. Fem- missible by this time and the “chicken inspectors” inine pulchritude was on the curvy side; the ladies —today the young set term them “wolves”—were did not worry too much about their diets as they highly appreciative at the turn of events. The silk were to in the years ahead.
&
JELL-DRESSED gals of 1928, ‘he Roaring wenties saw women’s skirt styles elevated. ashion authorities have been lowering and -raising them ever since. Dress had be- yme more simplified, variable, comfortable ad less expensive,
FLAPPERS they called themselves in the 20’s. Skirts were of knee length; wrap- around coats that the girls held in place with their arms were popular. Hats like helmets. These girls were photographed in 1929 in shore Easter parade.
Boyish figure, flat chest, typified the ’20’s.
MUSICAL BACKGROUND
Sy m= 08 eNO i TRE aces et Pes = ~
THE BIG TENT of General Welch’s Hippodrome is pictured as set up on the site where the Academy of Music is now located. The year was 1853. Welch’s circus has claim to modern interest other than the rousing entertainment it supplied many generations ago. Its famous clown and performer was Dan Rice, the original model of “Uncle Sam.”
4
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ACADEMY OF MUSIC with Hor- ticultural Hall beside it, from an old photo. The opera was first heard in this historic building on February 25, 1857. Since then the greatest artists of every generation have per- formed here, and gladly, be- cause its interior is an exact copy of La Scala in Milan and its acoustic pre-eminence is famous the world over.
OPERA NIGHT in 1876 shows evening-attired ladies ACADEMY INTERIOR, limned in a drawing of abo and gentlemen of that era gathering in the outer 1876. Elaborate were the hairdos and gowns — lobby so well known to Philadelphians. Such ' fair music lovers; their escorts bearded and mt memories tie the city’s present with our cultural tached. Ladies carried fans and bouquets. Mu past. of the hall remains unchanged.
7
USIC FUND HALL was our music center before the Academy was erected. early every great artist heard in this country during the middle of the Mth Century appeared here. Old drawing shows it in 1825, shortly after it ns taken over by Music Fund Society which aided “decayed. musicians”
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IN 1856 the Republican Party came into being in old Music
Fund Hall. The building, located on Locust st. near 8th, asa 0. was remodelled in 1891, remaining the same until today.
Oe eer® os 0: “Ai £ sv fo PROGRAM of first concert (at left) given by the Philadel- ; 2 phia Orchestra on November 16, 1900, at the Academy of Music. Organized with a modest foundation the orchestra became one of world’s greatest.
Charles Albrecht, Philadelphia. at the old Chestnut St. Theater in 1845.
) OLDEST AMERICAN PIANO extant dates from 1789 and is now WILLIAM HENRY FRY, a Philadelphian and composer of : in the Historical Society of Penna.’s collection. Made by first American opera, “Leonora,” which was presented
HOUSES OF WORSHIP
"CITY OF 1,000 CHURCHES," Philadelphia has been called. (Actually we have about 1,200). We come by it naturally for Penn, the founder, and a man of deep religious con- | victions, encouraged those of other faiths to build houses of worship, dwell in religious freedom. The Church of the Redeemer, a floating structure, was one of the most un- usual ever raised here and first of its kind in the country. Built for seamen visiting the city, it was moored for years at Dock st. : wharf. Later it moved to Camden to serve a | congregation briefly.
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ST. THOMAS P. E. CHURCH, 5th and Adelphia sts., since torn down. FIRST MEETING HOUSE, Society of Friends, in Philadelphia, 1684 Oldest church congregation organized by Negroes in the United Located where Cit il : minha seas h States. Congregation worshipped here 93 years. far west) pilee a Reap oea ar etisiei\e
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OLD ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH, 321 Willing’s Alley. Tiny chapel shown OLD CHRIST CHURCH, 2d st. above Market. I is histori ; between the buildings, was first Roman Catholic Church in city. built in 1727, the P. E. Church of ATmesies Bars rea ra i
PENNYPACK BAPTIST CHURCH, Bustleton, place of worship of oldest Baptist congregation in city, founded in 1688. Building erected 1805. MN
BYNAGOGUE OF MIKVE ISRAEL first Jewish congregation in Philadel- phia. Building shown, dedicated in 1828, superseded 1782 structure.
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|THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN congregation in city raised this church on ST, GEORGE'S METHODIST CHURCH, 4th st. south of Vine. The oldest \Washington Square, 1821, to replace their 1783 edifice. church building owned and used by Methodists anywhere in world.
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ch in Philadelphia, at 10th and Locust sts. ST. MICHAEL'S LUTHERAN CHURCH, the denomination’s first here, was on 5th st. above Arch. Largest church in North America when
enn Square water works. built. Pulled down 1872. 3
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CHARLES DICKENS, the great English novelist, visited Philadelphia twice, in 1842 and 1868. His first portrait published in America was the work of a local house and here the first “Pickwick Papers” in book
form in this country also was published, 1836.
REBECCA GRATZ, was one of Philadelphia’s greatest women; her life was spent in public and private charities that still endure. When the story of her beauty and character spread to Scotland, Sir Walter Seott decided to pat- tern his Rebecca in “Ivanhoe” after her. (Portrait at right.)
"GRACE GREENWOOD" was the nom de plume under which Mrs. Sara Jane Lippincott (1823- 1903) wrote. She was one of the first Ameri- sh iain novelists; her works were widely read.
"THE QUAKER CITY written by the ea George Lippard (182 gave our city its nickname,
" was the title of a book y_ Philadelphia novelist, 2-54.) This work’s success
IN THIS HOUSE, since removed, Edgar Allen Pos} edited the old Burton’s Magazine. It stood at
Deck and Moravian sts. Poe spent six years in Philadelphia and his work saw the first light o: print in a local magazine. (
J
GODEY'S LADY'S BOOK, the magazine th dictated fashions, was edited by Mrs. Sara J. Hale in Philadelphia for many years. retired in 1887 at the age of 89.
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RST PUBLIC LIBRARY in the United States, the Library Company. Its colonial-type home was built on 5th st. below hestnut in 1790 and it occupied the site until 1880 when it was removed, its books and treasures becoming part the collection at the Ridgeway Library. Over the doorway stood a statue of Benjamin Franklin which was
esented by William Bingham, the first Senator from Pennsylvania.
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FIRST PORTRAIT of William Shakespeare in America. It was printed in Philadelphia in 1787,
MAIN LIBRARY on the Parkway has a capacity of 1,500,000 books, cost $6,500,000 to build and was formally opened on
June 2, 1927. The fourth largest |
library building in the world.
(above),
is one of the finest exam
ples of Doric style archi-
RIDGEWAY LIBRARY, at Broad and Christian sts.
tecture in the country. For many years and its 300,000 volumes became a branch ; name of Dr. James Rush’s wife. Executors of his estate erecte
it was a branch of the Library Company of the municipal
but in March, 1944, it Free Library system. Ridgeway was the maiden d the building after his death in 1869.
FOUNDATION STONES
Pr vans ot ary Sree te ee s8e0 Gr Oren er Ty bee ten Chunk rE pel B29 905,
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BLOCKLEY ALMHOUSE, now a part of the Philadelphia General Hospital, could be seen on its site beyond the west bank of the
Schuylkill in 1838, witheut concealment by other structures as is the case today. One of Philadelphia’s earliest institutions for the care of the poor and insane, its first inmates were admitted in 1834,
FRIENDS' ALMHOUSE, where aged Quakers passed their final years in this pleasant set- ting (at right) was situated west of 3d on Walnut sts. The structures were modeled after the type existing in England. They were built in 1729 and the last one was not demolished until 1876.
Ks Fale ted 4
MERCHANTS' EXCHANGE, the center of early” ath city trade, stands at Walnut, Dock and 3d sts. eZ where it was built in 1834. Constructed of) Pennsylvania marble, its front embellished with a Corinthian-columned portico, it remains one of the city’s interesting architectural land- marks. It is no longer an exchange, however being occupied by tenants of various businesses.
LD FRANKLIN INSTITUTE when it was located on 7th st. below Market. his building, constructed in 1825, is now the home of the A. Atwater ent Museum. The Institute is one of the oldest institutions in America eyoted to the study of mechanical arts. eed before the first high school was opened here in 1832. asses continued until 1923.
It served a vital educational Technical
!
WNSYLVANIA INSTITUTE for the Deaf and mb was founded in 1820 through the efforts D. G. Seixas. It moved from its earlier lo- ion at 11th and Market sts. into the imposing ucture at Broad and Pine sts. (at right) ere it remained until the 1890’s when it re- ated in Mt. Airy. In 1893 The Museum 1001 of Industrial Art took over this structure ich it occupies today.
PHILADELPHIA DISPENSARY. Erected in 1801, here the poor of the city received medical aid for many decades. The Dispensary actually had been organized in 1786 and was perhaps the first of its kind in the
It was also the first to print a public advertisement promot-
country. The Dispensary was not dissolved
ing inoculation against smallpox. until 1925.
FRIENDS ASYLUM for the Insane was raised in 1817 on a spot then deserib- ed as “Adams st. west of Frankford Village.” It still stands and continues its work on the same site, which is now well within city limits.
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U. S. CUSTOM HOUSE, the first in Philadelphia, located on 2d st. below Dock (at right.) In 1845 it moved into quarters formerly occupied by the Second Bank of the United States which had been “extinguished” by President Jackson in 1836 after a bitter national controversy. This classical structure was on Chestnut st., between 4th and 5th.
FIRST CITY GAS WORKS, at 23d and Market sts. Old sketch (at right) was made about 1838. Local citizens were not too anxious to try this new utility product. In the beginning, there were only 19 applications for service to private homes and 46 business subscribers. Last year there were nearly a half million meters in active service in Phil- adelphia and the city consumed almost 27 million cubic feet in the 12-month period.
PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL is: one of oldest in the Nation. It began in a build on Market st. west of 5th in 1752 but years later was granted a plot at 8th Pine sts. where it began raising buildir Benjamin Franklin wrote an account of early work. During the British occupai of the city (1777-78) a number of sick } wounded Redcoats were treated there.
OTT a ea a mone Ds Oak
ENNA. ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS as it appeared in its former fome on the north side of Chestnut st. between 9th and 10th. ounded in 1805 at a meeting in Independence Hall, it is the dest art institution in the United States and is world renowned. fany outstanding American artists received their training here. he Academy is. now situated at Broad and Cherry sts.
PHILADELPHIA CONTRIBUTIONSHIP is the oldest fire insurance company in America. It was founded in 1752. The offices, shown above, are on the
west side of 4th st., below Walnut.
‘OLD POWDER MILL shown above, belonged to Commodore Stephen not only for making explosives but, later, for grinding grain and at | Decatur, the early American naval hero. Located along a stream and the time this drawing was made (1830) had become a calico print ‘on Powder Mill lane in Comlyville, now part of Frankford, it was used factory.
HALLS OF LEARNING
UNIV. OF PENNA. traces its beg nings to the Charity School, ganized in 1740. Its building left) was located at the S. corner of 4th and Arch Through the efforts of Benjar Franklin this became a more : bitious institution and by 1755 chartered to confer degrees. decade later, when the first Me cal School in the country beca a part of it, the young college y designated as a university — first in America.
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WHAT WAS INTENDED to be an early “White House” became the University’s next home, 1802. This was the Presidential Mansion, on 9th st. below Market, built for—but never used by—the Chief Executive when Philadelphia was the Nation’s capital.
ze
THE MANSION was demolished in 1829 and
a more academic-looking hall constructed on the same site for the expanding Univer-| sity. It is interesting to muse that the| small trees in older picture had grown to|
lend campus atmosphere, in picture above.
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BEFORE LEAVING the old 9th st. location, Penn had added another building to form the pair portrayed at right. But even this space was not sufficient and the University moved to its present West Philadelphia area in 1872. The modern Federal Building (at right, top) now rises on the old site. Pennsylvania today comprises 166 buildings, spreads over 120 acres.
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CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL has occupied four sites. The first was opened for students in October, 1838,
admitted that initial year to the first public high school in the city. The building, located on Juniper d which built a freight station there.
st. below Market, was sold in 1845 to the Pennsylvania Railroa
|
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| after Stephen Girard’s bequest of $10,000 was instrumental in the founding. Eighty-nine boys were | |
i
‘HE SECOND HOME of Central High arose on the east side of Broad t. at Green in 1853 and housed the school for nearly half a century. Sentral is the only public high school in the country empowered to onfer degrees.
tome. Benjamin Franklin Hig
4 Broad st. structure.
ontz and Olney avs., carrying on ducation. A list of Philadelphians
graduated from this school through the years would fill a bulky
MODERN CENTRAL stands at Og its illustrious task in secondary e
h School is now located in the old The city now has 16 public high schools.
TAT i ay
DAUD aituinn iui
CENTRAL THE 3RD, was dedicated in the presence of President Theodore Roosevelt on November 22, 1902. Located on the west side of Broad at Green, it was hailed as the most magnificent public school building in the United States.
New Drimmet
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| To attain che True Spelling, Reading & Writing ENGLISH. |
Whereunto are added, fome things Neceflat, & Ufefil both for the Youth of this Proviace, | and likewife for thofe, who from fotrciety Countries ard Nations come ro fetzie amofmgit us,
By FE. D. P.
R Methodical Diretlions
|
ROMAN CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL, Broad and Vine sts., was eh aes free, parochial AY Bleffings Come Down Even Frem God ; high school in the country. Endowed in 1878 by a bequest from Thomas E. Cahill, the te Kindue/s eC Mercy N building was erected in 1890. ‘This school, with its high scholastic standards, has turned I fire Ki J Low fe ty, Now, of
out more than its quota of outstanding citizens. At present there are 12 Catholic High Sa Perpetnally, Quickeneth Refrefheth | schools in the city. Strengthenetn Ll rue Upright Willing Xie Young Zealots. |
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Examples prevail above Precepts. Printed by Widian Bradford in New-York, af Sold by the Author in Pennfilvania. =~
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FIRST SCHOOL BOOK printed in t) United States, written by Francis Dani Pastorius, of Germantown is picturs above. Observe the old hand-print cover.
FIRST PUBLIC SCHOOL in Philadelphi} (at left) was built in 1818. This granc} daddy of the public school system stoo on the north side of Race st., east ¢ Darien and was called the Model Schoo New honors came to it in 1848 when ilf was made a girls’ high (or normal school, the first publie institution fo secondary education of females in th city. A new building (upper left) wa raised for the high schooling of girls i 1853, on Sergeant st. between 9th an 10th. This served until 1876 when ar other structure was built at 17th an Spring Garden sts. q
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ing private school of the first order, now occupying a handsome structure, built in 1925, on West School Lane, Germantown.
eae : ie Se | RST PAROCHIAL SCHOOL in the city probably was on the grounds of at left was the school, established along with the first Catholic church 1) :. Joseph’s Roman Catholic Church, founded in 1731 in Willings Alley. here, although no definite historical note is said to confirm this. \f) 1 the old print of St. Joseph’s (above) it is thought that the building WILLIAM PENN CHARTER School was Hl founded in 1689. The buildings (at left) | were erected about 1744 on, 4th st. below | | ‘ Chestnut. Penn Charter is still a flourish- |
GERMANTOWN ACADEMY dates from 1760. Except for its brief closing during the Revolutionary War, this renowned private school has held classes continuously since its founding.
FRANKFORD HIGH school students and alumni will be interested in the venerable building, at left, which was the ancestor of their | modern alma mater at Oxford ay. and Wakeling st.
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GIRARD COLLEGE, as an old print portrayed it in 1862, It shows a number of buildings, including the multi-columned tomb of the founder in the center. This unique college, founded by Stephen Girard in 1831, remains one of the greatest philanthropic endeavors in our land.
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eesti oe
FIRST CLIPPER SHIP of Stephen Girard was the “Rousseau,” (boat nearer WHEN GIRARD DIED, in 1831, he was America’s richest man!
; wharf.) It was built in 1801, plied the East India trade and helped bring His handsome office building (above) purchased around 181 the merchant the immense fortune which he left to found his college. formerly had been the first Bank of the United States. (The
Photo was taken at New Bedford in 1893. Bulletin was founded next door to this bank in 1847.)
WAR WITH MEXICO
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FIRST COPY of The Bulletin with an enlargement of Vera Cruz despatch (above). Originally this newspaper was called Cummings’ Telegraphic Evening Bulletin. It was born when Alexander Cummings, who later founded the old ; New York World, bought two papers FALL OF VERA CRUZ was one of the big moments in our War with Mexico. American troops took 1 this city and merged them into a ‘this stronghold on April 11, 1847. Copies of the first Evening Bulletin, which began publication on model newspaper. The Bulletin oe the following day, carried the telegraphed news of this great event. It was the first foreign news of the et newspapers in America 12 announcement printed in The Bulletin and citizens who bought those “first editions” from the utilize the newly invented telegraph for shouting newspaper boys went wild with joy. Bombardment of Vera Cruz (above) after an old the transmission of news.
drawing.
It took place near TROOP TRANSPORTS, such as the one pictured above in old drawing, rried thousands of our soldiers to the Mexican war zone. This twin- ilt in Philadelphia in 1844.
RLY BEACHHEAD LANDING by American forces. \ era Cruz in the War with Mexico. A huge Naval force, much of it ca r : it and equipped at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, landed cur troops. screw steamship was the McKim, bu
LEE VS. GRANT
ENLISTMENT POSTER for the Union Navy during Civil War. Ma taining the blockade of the Confederacy’s coast was the importa role of our sea arm during the conflict and it was no slight task that day of sloops, frigates and other sailing vessels. R.
"NEW IRONSIDES," (above) first armored battleship of th Navy, was built at Cramp’s shipyard in Kensing in 1862. It used both steam and sail and fought in mo
than 20 engagements before fire destroyed it at the Na Yard here in 1866.
THE CONFEDERATES were first, in any recorded instance, to use a submarl
in warfare. The “Propeller” was captured in the Delaware River whi it lurked to prey on Union shipping out of this port. Old drawing (abo} shows local citizens gathered to marvel. At left, the U.S.S. Tuscan
built at our Navy Yard in 58 days, 1861, to set the building record the time, 4
LEE VS. GRANT
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OLD NAVY YARD on the Delaware near Wharton st. was a beehive of activity during the Rebellion: At the height of the conflict it was employ- ing 3,000 men to turn out battleships for the Union. This was considered a host of employees but today one of our huge battleships would require the work of as many men.
HE BEAT of drums, Philadelphia’s i@y-attired Zouaves Regiment pass- sIby Independence Hall in 1861, outfit fought in some of the efest battles of the Civil War. At gat, a loan poster of Civil War af. That “7-30” referred to 7 per +# interest on 30-year bonds.
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Where Working Men and Women who haven't time by Day, can go in the and invest their earnings, where they will be forever safe---where Cities, Counties and States can't tax them -and where they will draw the BIGGEST INTEREST!
OFFICES OPEN EVERY EVENING. AT
LOT BETTS, 1331 Avenue B, Yorkville. | WARD & BOCKHAVEN, 313 Broad Street. Newark. JO POE, corner Sixth Avenue and Forty-ninth Street | EDM STEPHENSON, 338 Third Avenoe at Sth National Bank C. C. PARSONS, JR. 60 Bleecker Street. SECOND NATIONAL BANK. Jersey City.
_ FRANK SEEGUR, 104 Avenue C, W HARLAN PAGE. No. | Court Street. cor Montague Brooklyn JAMES R. YOUNG. 765 Broadway. JOHN SEELEY. 733 Broadway.
CRANE & FASSIT corner Broadway and Canal Sts. S$ W WOOLSEY, 136 Grand Street Wilhamsburg
BOWEN &BUTTRICK. cor. Fulton &Clinton st Brooklyn, | HENRY OLTMANS, 100 Graham Street. Williamsburg, CHAS BMcCARTEE Post Office. Greenpowt. L 1
WILITARY SCHOOL APLANTS WMAND or COLORED 1002S
J
JITING SOLDIERS for the famous Pennsylvania Bucktail Regiment Filadelphia, 1862. This fighting unit suffered so heavily that special c¥iting methods were resorted to for replacements. Our city was ‘ol to supply its full quota of men and material in this as in other a
PHILADELPHIA NEGROES may boast that the first Officers’ Candidate School in the Nation’s history was established at; 1210 Chestnut st. during Civil War. Applicants enlisted for training to command other Negro soldiers. First Negro company in Union army was mustered: in here, June, 1863.
i WOMEN FILLED CARTRIDGES at U.'S. Arsenal in Philadelphia during the Civil War. The hours | were long and the labor tedious, for all of it was manual. Machines to work cartridges arrived two decades later. But no sacrifice was considered too great for the Union cause.
DURING THIS WAR Baldwin Locomotive Works produced the first INTERESTING SIDELIGHT of War was Winan’s steam battery, Arm American armored train. Note the rifle holes in side. It saw effective first self-propelled artillery piece. A muzzle-loading cannon fill 1 service guarding men who repaired bridges. between Havre de Grace through iron, conical snout. Steam engine provided lecomotion. Ic and Baltimore. was soon scrapped.
AT CAMP GALLAGHER, Falls of Schuylkill] soldiers trained for the cavalry during the : War. Old drawing shows site on visitor’s day, 1861. Many of the trainees were Phila delphians. Cavalry service in that day at tracted young men as the air force did in World War II.
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| THROUGH THIS RAILROAD STATION at Broad st. and Washington av., on the old Philadelphia, ' Wilmington and Baltimore line, passed most of the Union soldiers heading south to meet the » enemy in the Civil War. It still stands. In a huge canteen, similiar to the U.S.O. in past war, local citizens fed and entertained many thousands of our troops. |
THOSE WERE DARK DAYS for Philadel- phia, in the summer of ’63, when General Robert E, Lee invaded Pennsylvania with his rebel-yelling cohorts. Local citizens made ready to defend the city. Volunteers threw up crude fortifications along avenues of approach in West Philadelphia; gas company workers built an earthen stronghold at School jane and Ridge av. Old drawing (at left) portrays similar feverish activity by Harrisburg citizens. But Lee was de- feated at Gettysburg and the peril sub-
DEFENC
CITY oF PHILATELFHIA
MARTIAL LAW virtually was pro- claimed in the city early in the war. Unlimited security powers were placed in the hands of the police and Home Guard, as can be noted in the old poster (at right.) It was known that a number of spies and saboteurs were busy in the city during the con- flict.
Tar
feof the Mayor ote City of Philadel,
BY VIRTUE OF THE AUTHORITY vested in me, by the Act of the General Assemb | of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, entitled, “An Act relating to the Home Guard of the City Philadelphia, Approved the Sixteenth day of May Anno Domini one thousand cight hundred au | sixty one. : }
I do hereby require Brigadier General A. J. PLEASONTON, Commander of the HOM): GUARD, to order out (and into the service of the City of Philadelphia,) THE WHOLE OF THE SAID GUAN | for the preservation of the publi¢ peace AND THE DEFENCE OF THE CITY. And T herell! call upon all persons within the limits of the said City, to yield a PROMPT AND READY OBEDIENCE to th, Orders of the said Commander of the HOME GUARD, and of those acting under his authority |’ the execution of his and their said duties. i
In witness whereof, have hereunto set my hand and caused the Corporate Seal of the of Philadelphia, to be affixed, this sixteenth day of June, A. D., one thousand eight hundred af
sixty-three. ALEXANDER HENRY,
Mayor of Philadelphia. |
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{|
ACTION SCENE shows Pennsylvania’s own Bucktail Division engaging the enemy. Numerous Philadelphians served in this noted outfit which suffered heavy casualties, Many of these old drawings that have come down to us were executed by artists who witnessed the battle on
the spot.
,
LEE VS. GRAN
ox
THIRTEEN HOSPITALS in Philadelphia were devoted to care of Civil War wounded by April, 1864. Casualties were brought here by trainloads after bloody Gettysburg. Drawing (above) shows the big, 4,000-bed Mower U. S. General Hospital, located in Chestnut Hill at Abington and Springfield avs., opposite Wynd- moor Station. From all over the Union, rela- tives jammed into the city to visit the war
i gi any injured. Local women performed unstintingly Pt gD aT ey RO as hospital aids.
HOSPITAL INTERIOR of Civil War era. Nurses did not yet wear white but were the same heroines as at present,
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ARCH STREET IN MOURNING after the assassination of President Lincoln. road section of this book) and placed on one-day view in Independence Black crape along with the national colors covered the entire city dur- Hall. More than $5,000 sorrowing Philadelphians passed by the big ing one of the most tragic moments in our history. The beloved Presi- At top, newspaper clipping from The Bulletin of April 16, 1865, 1 Wh dent’s body was brought here by special train (see photograph in rail- counting news of the assassination of the previous day.
“REMEMBER THE MAINE”
FIRST HOSPITAL TRAIN to leave from Philadelphia in the Spanish-American War (above). At one stage in the conflict our city hospitals were caring for more than
1,000 wounded.
STERS such as the above summoned men to the ors in the war with Spain. The enterprising arine Corps had already established its illustri- s tradition. :
PEACE JUBILEE: At the end of the war, Philadelphia observed the occasion in a colossal two-day celebration, October, 1898. The entire city was decorated as never before. Photo (above) shows dress-derbied city police in the victory parade.
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. EOS i - Navy’s sea power. In this interesting comparison, the ADMIRAL . AGSHIP, the valiant Olympia, 1s shown above at latest word in our \ ‘ : ; ‘ight, iit ite introria A le in upper eas Superimposed at its Olympia, long gourd at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, is 344 feet long; side, in exact proportions, is the U. S. S. Missouri, the “Mighty Mo,” the Missouri, 880 feet.
BUY BUNUS
- THIRD LIBERTY !
POSTER of World War I, an inspiring pictorialization of the spirit of our people and fighting men.
| )
CHECKING THEIR DRAFT NUMBERS in World War I. Many of these solj straw-hatted doughboys-to-be were on the battlefields of France soon atte” picture was taken. The Bulletin in 1917 was instrumental in setting mechanism to dispense draft information in Philadelphia through an 90 maintained in City Hall. |
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DRAFTED MEN of World War I, check- ing in and receiving their gear at an induction center. Thousands of vet- erans of the former war will remem- ber this scene —and their sons will know just how they felt!
28TH DIVISION comes home, May,
1919. Thousands of Philadelphians
stood on the New York dock this day
to welcome this batch of returning
heroes who fought with a renowned ) outfit that made Army tradition.
o
OVER THE TOP in World War I’s trench warfare, an action shot from old files of The Bulletin. This was the zero hour that fighting men prayed and prepared themselves for.
PP yh) ea aValatar se
CTORY PARADE: Men of the 28th Division — Pennsylvania’s own — marched bwn the Parkway in May, 1919, as practically the entire city turned out give them tumultuous acclaim. It remains one of the greatest parades in e city’s annals.
TYPICAL SOLDIERS of First World War. Photo shows old-style equipment. Those wrap-around leggings were dispensed with in recent war for canvas leggings and high combat boots.
SMOKY HOLLOW © CERTAINLY WILt eA MAKE 11 HOT FO KAISER BILL
sero 4
DYS OF SOUTH PHILA. pose for a photograph before entraining for the induc- on center. Sign tells what they intended to do to Kaiser Bill. Their sons comised to deal likewise with Hitler—and they did.
THAT LIBERTY SHALL NOT PERISH FROM THE EARTH BUY LIBERTY BONDS
FOURTH EA ==) Fab no LOAN
LIBERTY LOAN poster of 30 years ago. Stickers, signs, lapel
IUGE RAILROAD GUN made in Philadelphia during War I. In both conflicts buttons, rallies and speeches by ardent campaign workers Whis city’s production output was a vital factor in putting arms into the accompanied all these war bond drives and helped raise stag- gering sums.
Wands of America’s fighting men.
G.l. JOE WAS HERE
Th
THE WAR IS ON: This significant photo- graph from the files of The Bulletin, aptly portrays the family heartbreak under war’s necessities, so recently experienced. A tear- ful mother accompanies her son to the train taking him to camp. It all brings back memories for many thousands of young Philadelphians and their relatives.
WORLD WAR II: In the shadow of Independence Hall where our democracy was founded, Phila- delphia youths are sworn in as Navy recruits. Over them looms, fittingly, the statue of -Commodore Barry. The picture was taken on September 11, 1940, as our Nation began pre-
paring for any international emergency.
HE'S IN THE NAVY NOW! A young tar (above) tosses his sea bag over the shoul- der on his way to help fight Uncle Sam’s war at sea. At left, a girl kisses her Marine good-bye. The railroad stations here saw such scenes of parting every day as Phila- delphia rolled up its sleeves for war.
BOY, HIS GIRL, his dog. And his going- ly duffel bag. No words can add to the hos of this World War II scene (at right.) and dog waited years for their man to e home. ;
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N THE PARKWAY, early in the war, irched the Infantry unit (above.) It was
ning but the boys were to see worse weather pre they were going.
|
MUBLE-BARRELED FAREWELL: The lad (at mot) had a lot of letters to write home while was overseas, we wager! Philadelphia sent M598 men and women into the armed forces. ective Service Board No. 60, in southwest iladelphia, accounted for 4,744, the largest ber in the city.
) IE RAW RECRUITS line up on their first day camp, feeling strange, shy, sensing the new e ahead.
JOE WAS HERE
OVERSEAS: A Philadelphia fighting man on his way to the rear for a short respite after com- bat. Guadalcanal—Casablanca—Sicily—Aleu- tians—other spots all over the globe that for- merly had been only names on the map came to have personal meaning for our boys and the folks they left behind. Heat, cold, mud and the bloody hell of battle were the accepted fare until the job was done.
A PAIR OF G. 1.'S from the famed Timberwolf Division come home to Philadelphia after action in Germany. (April, 1945.)
SEPARATION CENTER: All roads lead home- ward but these final days often seemed the longest in the war for the impatient G. I.’s and their waiting families. Most of our young men were mustered out through Fort Dix and Indiantown.
JANE WAS HERE
A MISS SIGNS UP: Young women donned uni- forms and served by the thousands in the recent conflict. ‘Release a man for fighting duty” was the slogan that carried America’s doughty daughters into service. They joined the Wacs, the Waves, the Spars, the Women Marines and some went overseas. A Bulletin Photographer snapped this shot in a recruiting center.
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Are youa girl witha
Star-Spangled heart?
HILE OUR YOUNG PEOPLE were getting to uniform, Philadelphia industry turned tits flood of war goods, its workers pur- asing bonds with their earnings. Posters, th as the one above, reminded Philadel- lians at pay office windows that money ts needed to fight the war.
i
APPRENTICE WAVES en route to the Philadelphia Navy Yard. These pretty lassies, soon to be in smart, blue uniforms, had no clothes problems for the next few years. _
ON THE HOME FRONT
RATIONING ON THE HOME FRONT: They gav us little books with coupons—blue ones, air plane stamps and all the rest became matter of daily concern in the lives of housewives perplexed with their new role of arrangin|| meals under limited allowances of meat)
i butter, canned goods. The corner rationin;
\ board (illustrated below) was a busy cente}
}
THE WILLIAM L. McLEAN, a Liberty Ship (above) named in honor of the late publisher of The Bulletin. The shipping lanes across the seas were our arteries of supply and ships such as these ferried millions of tons of material to our far-flung battlefronts.
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PRETTY GIRLS, as in the First World Weé; urged young men to sign up in the Mari} Corps. Most who joined the outfit needed 3) such urging but the argument ran that the} was never a Marine—potential or in uniforl —who didn’t have an eye for a pretty gi (The same argument could just as easily ha applied to our soldiers and sailors!)
CIVILIAN LIFE was austere but the folks bak home knew it was as nothing compared to t hardships endured by the fighting men, mai of whom like the Marine pictured at lei were now landing under fire on foreif beachheads.
MORALE BUILDERS
THE U.S.0.-LABOR PLAZA _ canteen, north of City Hall, was one of several units in Philadelphia set up for the rec- | reation of service men. Thousands in i uniform passing through here spent i pleasant hours at these spots, enjoying
local hospitality. Nothing was too good | for the boys bound for training camps, | as were the hungry Marines-to-be (at || left) photographed while being enter- | tained at a dinner in the B, & O. station.
i) A COUNTERPART of the U.S. O. in Civil ! War days is illustrated, at right. This I! center was in operation at Broad st. and Washington av. and was called the “Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon”. | The canteen was set up near the rail- road station, then the largest in the ‘#| city. Local citizens served as hostesses as they did during the past war.
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Verve t eek
OLD PRINT, below, shows the great Sanitary Fair held in Logan Square in 1864. All the proceeds of this gigantic public philanthropy were used for the entertainment of soldiers on their way through Philadelphia during the Civil 9) War. Note Cathedral of SS Peter and
| Paul in background.
THAT "GOLDFISH BOWL" from which draft numbers were pulled t determine their order in World War I was taken out of storage i Independence Hall at the beginning of Selective Service and sent & Washington. There it was to serve again ina similar role. Photograp (at left) shows the historic receptacle beginning its journey to th Nation’s Capital.
DRAFT IN 3 WARS
f
DRAFT WHEEL of Civil War days preceded the “eoldfish bowl” of later times. The revolving tin drum used is now on display at the Penn- sylvania Historical So-
ey 13th and Locust . DURING CIVIL WAR, a man ‘ who did not want to fight had the privilege of paying a substitute to take his place, as old classified ads (above) appearing in The Evening Bulletin in 1864 bear witness.
otto eeSND SERVICEMAN'S NEWSPAPER: The eo Geass Evening Bulletin, during Civil ves War, ran this ad in its columns Oe Be (at right) reminding men to fol-
; low the home town news. During World War II, The Bulletin published its well-known minia- ture Overseas Edition which followed Philadelphia fighting men all over the world.
IN WORLD WAR I, Presi- dent Wilson was. blind- folded and drew the first draft number from the “goldfish bowl” as we went to war with Ger- many.
ev vac ne
Seven times in our history’ Phila- delphia’s brides have stood at the altar beside their grooms in uni- form. The attire of soldiers has changed through the ages but the sighs of the young. beloved, sepa- rated by war’s exigencies, were as heartfelt in’ 1776 as they were in the conflict just passed.
PHILADELPHIA'S
Wat bruile
OF SEVEN WARS
CITY OF HOMES
GL.
NEARLY A HALF MILLION DWELLINGS here today confirm Philade| phia’s claim to its sobriquet, “The City of Homes.” It was thus froi earliest times—our towns-people took pride in the number of indivi¢ ual dwelling units and the depth of our home life. Something of th spirit is captured in the old print (above) that hung in many parlor in days gone by. It was distributed by the American Sunday Schall Union and depicted a man, his day’s labor completed, returning to t
bosom of his family. NN
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| HOURS OF LABOR were long in years past; the working man f could not enjoy his home so fully as he does today. Handbills, i such as that reproduced above, were posted by employers in | churches, lodge halls, taverns and other places of assembly, calling attention to the nearby mill’s working schedule. It was a 12-hour day.
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L FIRST BUILDING & LOAN association in the United States was orgé - ized here in 1831 at what is now 4217-21 Frankford av. Forty membe attended the first meeting, interested in the Philadelphia traditi “of building or purchasing dwelling houses.” The first loan went a lamplighter to purchase a little frame house on Orchard ¢ sketched above.
IS WAS THE FIRST lost and found advertisement published in Philadelphia. e ad (above) is reproduced from the American Mercury of July 28, 1720. mong today’s city population of 2,000,000, people are losing and finding ksessions at every hour. Last year, 18,305 such ads appeared in the classified tion of The Bulletin.
PARDON ME SI ‘you HAVE FALLEN Down THOSE GYEPS
= CULPRIT WORE WONDERFUL | 0.8 SHOWS AND EIGHED IB7 POUNDS. RING ALONG A SAMPLE THAT SOAP. WATSO.
ASTEN ” NUT A FAT MAN
SHERLOCKO THE DETECTIVE was the first continuous comic strip published in The Bulletin. Featuring the exploits of a humorous monkey sleuth, it began on December 13, 1910. At first, the strip was published only every other day but after a few months it proved so popular with readers that Sherlocko made a daily appearance, for about two and a half years. Other individual comics had been printed in The Bulletin prior to this but they lacked continuity. “Bringing Up Father,” portraying the life of Maggie and Jiggs, started in The Bulletin soon after this and has been continued ever since.
AMONG OUR “FIRSTS”
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THE INITIAL AVIATION EXPLOIT in this country was witnessed here on January 9, 1793, when J. P. Blanchard, a Frenchman, made the first successful balloon ascension. President Wash- ington, along with almost the entire city, witnessed the take- off from 6th and Walnut sts. The balloonist arose to the amazing height of 5,812 feet, landed in Gloucester county, N. J., 40 minutes later. Drawing (above) is from Blanchard’s own book.
JOIN, or DI E.
FIRST POLITICAL CARTOON in America appeared locally in the Pennsylvania Gazette, 1754. This famous drawing has an interesting history. It was used first in connection with the French and Indian war; then again in 1764 to illustrate a point regarding the Stamp Act and finally during the Rev- olutionary War for still another purpose. Compare this car- toon with modern ones on The Bulletin’s editorial page.
GUARDIANS OF THE LAW
y arge ‘e setter n Coe: » ane WF iladelpetay His di Abt fied pra enrerpriine
fh pos nd o U Lab of aa *T orig? to er 5 ad quale pps ay times 10 64077 ie 10 : ) ‘Wand 4 a , cigs Mereorneee Od pal courte every oie Ayer w yo piolt cl cevaied enum dabid never “ Pat aor, OVS opis as ek His 2 panedy nitold trae qherr pRoApsi PUBLIC HANGINGS attracted many citizens when Philadelphia was wal se iege ‘COPS" were the old night ve ie : : en. Illustration (above) pictures one standil young. Broadsides, such as the one above, announced the affairs to hear hi b Ther day-tim SNE Ge 2 : , r his watch box. ere were no day-tim those who wanted to come see justice done. This notice refers to the olice here until 1840. “Old Daddy Simpsons “Commons”—probably on Broad st., south of Penn Square, but most ise 8 i eiedaade soe : : P vf bi gered a ; d watchman who stood near the present Uni executions were performed in Logan Square. An ordinance ende League site, wearing a black silk hat and a blag such spectacles in 1830.
frock coat, was reputed to be an_ old-cit character. }
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OUR DUCKING STOOL stood on the banks of the Delaware. It wa
TOWN PILLORY and whipping post stood at 3rd and Market sts. in
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our earliest history. The “public whipper” received a small salary used principally for the chastisement of female law breakers. A for his services. Justice was drastic. even burglars, horse thieves grand jury report in 1717 referred to “the need of a ducking stam and counterfeiters were punished by hanging. as just punishment of scolding and drunken women.”
4 ;
OLD BOOK COVER (above) reminds that our ancestors weren’t always well-behaved. The riots referred to were those disturbances in the past century, growing out of a bitter spirit of bigotry and intolerance
: long since passed from the local scene. ;
THE POLICEMAN at the school intersection was a familiar figure even in horse and buggy days. In modern times, lads of the school safety patrols assist officers of the law in this important work.
THE POLICE BOX has gone the way of the old horse-drawn patrol wagon but many Philadelphians will recall such individual lock-ups that stood on many of the city’s street corners. Here police held a culprit till the wagon came.
GUARDIANS OF THE LAW
GUARDIANS OF THE
: ‘i ES Bihee
:
vive
OUR THIRD JAIL, at S. E. corner of 6th and Walnut sts. (At right.) The social philosopher will observe, alas, that our prisons were grow- ing larger. Moyamensing, the next in line, was bigger still. Conditions in all early jails were deplorable. The Walnut st. lock-up was sold in 1835. Here were imprisoned British soldiers taken in the Revolution. When General Howe captured Philadelphia he incarcerated Yankee soldiery here.
FIRST CITY JAIL (at left,) located
the middle of Market st., east of 2¢ It saw service from 1700 to 172% Pirates were roaming the Delawa at the end of the 17th Century; ol records show that four of Capta Kidd’s men were arrested here i 1699.
2D CITY JAIL was built in 1723 at th S. W. Corner of 3d and Market st (Left) All law violators at this tim were put to work, cutting broon straw, etc. Debtors, too, were throw! in prison, to be released only by sell ing themselves into years of servi tude. The single debtors, that is The married ones stayed in jail!
GUARDIANS OF THE LAW |
A PATROL WAGON of years gone by, horses prancing and gong sounding, approaches an old fashioned corner box, in the drawing above. Such boxes were equipped with telephones by which the officer of the law sum- moned the wagon. In the days before Mr. Alexander Graham Bell’s invention, a policeman often would walk | the prisoner to the station house himself, or order a passing boy to run over and summon the patrol van. | Allowing the public to gaze upon a law breaker whenever possible was considered salutary procedure in mak- |
ing an arrest.
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4 The Haystack. £ The Dreliing. JI The Stable. The Bar
WORST CRIME in the early annals of the city took place on the Christopher Deering farm located in what came to be called “The Neck” area of Philadelphia. On April 10, 1866, eight persons were brutally slaughtered by Anton Probst, Deering’s hired man. The slain included Deering, his wife, four children, a woman named Elizabeth Dorlan and Cornelius Carey. Justice was speedy for Probst, who confessed to the killings and was soon hanged. The funeral of the victims in St. Mary’s Cemetery on Passyunk av. attracted citizens from all
over this area.
BUSIEST DAYS in local history occured in February, 1910, during the big transit company strike. Several people were killed and a number injured in disturbances following the walk-out of 3,000 motormen and conductors. Police were stationed at the car harrs, rode as guards on the trolleys.
When strikers and their sympathizers tossed bricks at cars attempting to leave the barns, the police used strong measures in dealing with them as the old photograph above, taken on Lehigh av., indicates. Later, State Police were called in to assist the city’s bluecoats. '
POLICEMEN of this calibre put fear in the hearts of evil-doers in the last cen- tury. This bewhiskered gentleman was a
Philadelphia police captain. His coat was buttoned tight under the chin and the question might be raised by the light-minded whether it was proper to button the whiskers inside or out—the same problem said to have obtained when our forefathers tucked the bed
sheets under their chins when bedding down for the night.
PROUD OF THE UNIFORM he wore with such distinction was this
member of ‘Philadelphia’s finest” of another day.
Police were
picked men; the job was sought after as it is today. At the time
pictured above, an officer of the law sometimes carried a long, sturdy
cane.
= PHILADELPH!
| |
their criminal trade. The assortment in drawing (at right) portrays underworld gadgets in use about 1884. These include blackjacks, jimmies, dark lanterns, skeleton keys and the special equipment of safe openers which, although old-fashioned looking, still appear business-like. However, our ancestors still had not been threatened with the sawed-off shotgun and the automatic pistol and in many ways had more to be thankful for than they realized.
YEGGS OF YESTERYEAR were not without the tools of |
pe ee sroved =&
[Mp (as:
OUR ROGUES GALLERY back in 1884 (at left.) Crimes of all types have risen sharply, of course, through the intervening years as our population grew and new fields offered opportunities to the lawless. But police work has kept pace with this development. The latest in scientific practice con- tinuously has been applied to curb and apprehend the criminal element.
~
PETLET:
_— ——.
Dark Lantern
GUARDIANS OF THE LAW
READY FOR A CALL: This was the type of patrol wagon in service about 1886.) The wheels were red and the wagon blue. The gong was sounded by patrolman accempanying the driver as this police conveyance sped through the streets, A hood could be raised to help protect. officers up front from the elements; in the rear, lawbreakers and the escorting “coppers” were expesed to the weather, Saturday night was a busy night—old timers on the force say the horses were kept in harness in troublesome neighborhoods ready for excursions. '
POLICE HORSES were well cared for, even as they are today at the Mounted Police stables in South Philadelphia. Photo (above) shows policeman shoeing a tired equine foot that pounds a beat 50 weeks a year.
VACATIONS for police steeds, two) weeks each summer, is the regular privilege allowed these handsome animals, pets of their uniformed rid- ers and many civilians, too, who like) to feed them occasional apples and | sugar lumps. Vacationland for police” | horses is a nearby farm.
COHORT AREF
FIRST MOTORIZED Patrol Wagon put, in service by the Bureau, about 1910) (at left.) Tires were solid rubber; the vehicle was equipped with] curtains that could be pulled down in bad weather or if the passenger was! particularly unruly.
GUARDIANS OF THE LAW
THE UNIFORM TODAY (at left) in- cludes the 8-cornered hat. Traffic policemen wear the white version; men in the districts, blue serge. Car- rying the nightstick is no longer required, except of men on the early morning shift.
NIFORMS for police were troduced here in 1860. hoto (above) portrays hat pill-box type, reminiscent f Civil war uniforms. Phil- delphia beat-pounders wore ese about 1884.
ERBY-STYLE hat added TRAFFIC POLICE about the FIRST POLICE CAR here, in 1925. This extension of the police arm was an eight to a guardian of the year 1912 were wearing the effective step in protection of the civilian. Flivvers now sped about in out- aw, made him look even more snappy looking regalia pic- lying districts where the “cops” once rode bikes and, before that, horses.
posing. Bonnet (above) tured above. Officers then The Police Bureau has kept pace with modern transportation developments
as in vogue during the first carried batons; the short, ever since. Today there are 233 red patrol cars, with radio, and 69 in black ecade of this century. Our thick club came later. The indicating no police connection. policemen were first given smarter, peaked hat replaced ide-arms to carry in the the derby type for all police-
870’s. men about this time.
HARBOR POLICE have their own patrol boats and serve an important role in law enforcement of a special nature. We no longer have pirates on the Delaware but new duties have arisen to command police attention. Rounding out our modern police equipment we number about 70 motoreycles and 94
horses still used in downtown traffic control.
103,
IN STREAMLINER’S WAKE
eal
, |) "OLD IRONSIDES," was the first locomotive built? at the early Baldwin works here, in 1832. It had to be improved upon after its first public demon-|| stration but by the next vear it could run a mile in 58 seconds, but without cars,
WORKING MODEL for the first railroad in the United States was exhibited in the courtyard of the old Bull’s Head Hotel, 2d st. north of Poplar, in September, 1809. Later in the year, Thomas Leiper constructed this line which ran from the Delaware River to Crum Creek and was used exclusively for hauling stone. Cars were horse-drawn along the tracks.
FIRST TRAIN hauled by a locomotive. “Old Ironsides” is shown dragging carriages on the Philadelphia, Germantown and Norristown Railway in this old print. The engine’s wheels were made of wood. Plans and patterns had been made in the shop of Tyler and Baldwin, partners, whose plant was located at Gth and Miner sts.
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IN STREAMLINER’S WAKE
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DEVILISH INVENTION," less progressive citizens termed early railroad. Old print shows one of first trains moving g Philadelphia & Columbia tracks near Fairmount Water jerks. The locomotive was beginning to supplant vehicles as the double-deck coach drawn by horses along track acenter of picture.
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DOUBLE-DECK COACHES used on pioneer railways differed little from carriages on the highways. Often they consisted of a single car drawn by two horses. From such crude beginnings modern means of high-speed rail transportation evolved.
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Private Carriage. Carriage for Passengers. Car with Freight. Locomotive Engine.
RAII-ROAD, ENGINE, AND CARRIAGES.
A PRIVATE CAR, the earliest known instance. At the end of horses and proceed to their destination along the highway. The A rather complicated method of traveling but one no doubt
the train a private carriage is perched atop a box car. com owner and his party sit in their vehicle and leisurely survey found efficacious by our resourceful forefathers.
the passing scene. Arriving at their station, they hire
IN STREAMLINER’S WAKE
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FRANTIC RUSH at a railroad station dining room in the early days, prior to dining cars. Ten minutes was the time allotted for a meal and that conductor
standing there, watch in hand, was no man to brook delay. Excitement, shout-
ing and nervous bustle dominate this old drawing. The only people at ease
| appear to be those smiling waiters.
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OLD LAND AD, printed by a railroad company. For pushing
their tracks into new, western territory the companies were
granted huge tracts of real estate by the Government. These if they sold to the pioneering public to bolster their revenue.
TYPICAL LOCOMOTIVE of pre-Civil War cra. Early trains were made up with the mail and freight down front. This was done not only to remove the passengers as far as possible from the belching stack but to insure their safety, for early steam engines were known to explode on occasion.
WRAS : 9 ais ah ee ARE |
Sif COOP 9 Ae f belay) A faa Gi
BHUMAT (CORN te Coie Se FRUITS & VEGEIAGLED EQUAL TO ANY IN THE WORLD!!! MAY BE PROCURED
At FROM $8 to $12 PER ACRE.
Near Markets, Schools, Railroads, Churches, and all the blessings of Civilization 1,200,000 Acres, in Farms of 40, 80, 120, 160 Acres and upwards, ILLINOIS, the Garden State of America,
BEL, DEL. RAILROAD. TRUNK LOST!
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4 ORDINARY
BLACK TRUNK.
Belonging to a passenger from Vhiladcipbia to Bethlehem, by S A. ML line, of 7th inst. The trunk contained the wearing appare Lofa female. One of its «trapH had been broken of and fastened on again with common tacks. bis trunk wad marked No. 28 with chalk |
A similar trank hay been found at Bethlehem cont: 1ining a gentleman's clothing.
Persons ¢ mploye “ton this and connee ting roads are desired to make diligent seare bh
If the trunk is found, send it to Phillipsburg Station, care of Wm, Smith, Agt., o to Bethlehem, care of Wim. HL Sayre, Jr, Esq.
July 26th, IS56.
FOP RRLLEWS PRDYDRR “ad ACON™ GFFICR LAMMRUTVILLE Bd i
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LUGGAGE WAS LOST. in the carly railroad days more frequentl than today with our efficient checking systems. In the lost a found ad (above) a railroad exhorts its employes to find unfortunate passenger’s property. But nothing is said abo a reward.
IN STREAMLINER’S WAKE
LINCOLN'S FUNERAL TRAIN passed through Philadelphia on April 22, 1865. The body of the martyred President was being taken back to Springfield, Ill., for burial. En route the bier passed through most of the sorrowing states of the North. The train, photo- graphed above as it stopped here, was furnished by Pennsylvania Railroad. Coaches were then of wood; the locomotive sported a huge stack, oil lamp and “cow catcher.”
5T MANAYUNK boasted the first iron bridge ever mt, completed in 1845. It was removed in 1901, ® section going to the Smithsonian Institution. erunner of all other iron and steel bridges and Hn the modern skyscraper, it was an interesting, orical structure.
|r PARLOR CAR interior, 1876. It was dis- |i played at the Centennial Exposition, fea- tured as the most modern and luxurious coach of the day. The car was highly decorated, oil-lit, carpeted and provided i! comfortable chairs with footstools. |
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BRYN MAWR station in 1876 is de- picted in old drawing, at left. Many officials of the “Pennsy,” which was 100 years old last year, live on the
IADING TERMINAL: In 1860 an active farmer’s market F ts located on this center city site. The tradition has | lMmained; the Terminal Market today, now north of j ees Wilbert st., continues to be one of the foremost produce Ly ie § AD We ‘nters in Philadelphia. View at upper right, looking :
Wliwn Market st., shows modern Terminal in distance. RAND - |
IN STREAMLINER’S WAKE
THE LIBERTY BELL was placed on a flat car and take Chicago in 1893 for the Columbian Exposition. It was of the few instances in history that the bell has left Inde dence Hall. An honor guard of Philadelphia police ac panied the priceless relic on its journey.
BROAD ST. STATION of the Pennsylvania Railroad in the 1890’s. At this time Billy Penn’s statue had not yet been hoisted to the top of City Hall’s tower, seen in distance. The destruction of these old train sheds in a fire in 1923 was described in The Bulletin, as was another big fire in the station a few years ago.
vf { ; COMMUTATION TICKET issued by the Reading Railroad ! YAW ax : = ee | years gone by. “Rides” were torn from a small booklet al a gs a _\\)) ee oe : perforated lines. If modern conductors had to go thro Hi Saad e ig | F-e5 ee A es this time-taking chore they wouldn’t have completed ti¢ nj ede : ie ‘2 collection by the end of the line! :
OLD LOCOMOTIVES had much outside brass to
polish; trainmen took great pride and pains in
trying to maintain the sparkling appearance of
| their iron steeds. The above model was manu- factured by a Philadelphia concern.
MODERN STREAMLINER, the latest word in rail- way design, Thus far has transportation pro- gressed since Matthew Baldwin built his “Old Ironsides” here a century and a quarter ago.
AS ADVERTISED —
HOTTER than the proverbial $2 pistol was this $1.35 firearm. From a-mail order catalogue of 1894.
Mrucy feturmes 0 ws Sapeoaattl
‘ 4rd AN i recai iV HX 1s \ = WN , & EN GLAS ~ oy eae IT NEVER FAILS to PRODUCE
3 oe eas OT Hotels. Kant! 5
INERAL WATER dispenser more than a century ago ; advertising even then the age of his establishment, ing from colonial days. Surely, Paris itself had shops more elegant than this exclusive Chestnut st. store
the drawing above. THE ELECTRIC HAIR BRUSH, shown in an ad of the 1880’s
(at right) for years was one of the most heavily adver- \ tised products in the country. It had an ebony handle and special bristles; the electricity was of the static variety. A compass accompanied each purchase, so user could test “voltaic current.” Warranted to cure nervous headache, dandruff, falling hair, baldnesses and premature grayness, it was touted as the brush favored by the Prince of Wales.
Uiritishs Myibical Liles,
Warcieece
A BEAUTIFUL BRUSH. PYRE BRISTLES, NOT WIRES! LASTING FOR YEARS Sent, postpaid, on receipt Of $3 00} wr sjencon
: MONEY RETURNED IF NOT AS REPRESENTED.
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GRACIOUS! How one could astound the horse car conductor with a
JLAS, even this . le worried, grew old and their hair : sjrned gray. So oda anes fee itis of the Magic Comb collapsible umbrella! No fumbling with a bumbershoot on the back
uld dye hair and beard a beautiful black or brown. Lynne while wrestling with the purse here! Swish—and it folds ’ in his face. )
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FSO GCG ee Oe WRIGHT STUN TER R ee Plover EGas Fitters =e :
Water and Gara Pipes f Copper, £¢ heths (Cater-Closets, Cisternfpuonps « of every etacriptio, axe tuted neatly ard the myuee drerable, Also, Brasmarcrke si
Orders from any Part utile Union, f ty hetter | Bost Paidi sill wmemand munnaimete attention
PLUMBING HAS NOT changed radically, in some respects, for more than a century. These old faucets are of 1835 vintage. In this day there were 1,500 bathtubs here. A row of dwellings on Chestnut st. west of 11th, built around this time was the first housing in the U. S. to contain bathrooms, tubs and toilet facilities.
SANDWICH MAN, 19th century version, carries a sign bearing a challenge that must have made i parents who failed to use Mogg’s Mixture blush ih with shame!
Philadelphia PAGES AGB on Draw WOT Le awn ak \eonnercare WRT GS cond ALONLAL udu! BREWERY, RE GREEN STREKT, Northern Libertie:
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OLD ALE BREWER'S AD of early 19th Century. Philadelphia w noted brewing center from colonial days. There were 68 jn cper by 1860. First brewery was Frampton’s, on Front below We) st., back in Willian: Penn’s day. Philadelphia made the first 1} beer in the country, about 1846,
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APACE ARIS tee PPE Te aE
SHOT GUNS, RIFLES, PISTOLS & GUNNING APPARA
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A taeeSteckat lew dies ALSO MATERIALS FOR GUN MAKERS USE,COLTS & ALLENS PISTOLS \SOSDNE SURFED. BES VPLSTHLN MADE PBEM PROWL Ae
= 13h orth See a aeteces Rac e&Vine Streets 2 SMUARES NORTH DE MARKET STREET. SIGH OF THE GOLDEN RUTEALO
PaJLADEL PSAs
BUFFALO ROAMED the plains in this) when Tryon’s old gun shop was appeg to a man’s instinct in advertisem Many local youths in the middle of the’ century pulled up stakes and headed western territory, seeking fortune adventure.
OLD-TIME ADVERTISERS were on their Here is one of the first examples ¢ premium given away with a purchase this case a watch with a box of soap. parently it made everybody in the fa very happy.
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FASHIONABLE LIVING ROOM in the ’80’s as pictured in an advertisement of the day. Our Victorian ancestors liked their quarters highly ornamented, jam-packed with tables, chairs, knicknacks and what-nots. Walls were hidden with pictures; overstuffed furniture was In flower.
FAMOUS WIZARD WASHING MACHINES
Description of the Wizard Washing Machines.
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The tubs are made of selected cedar, the best wood known for washing machines Purposes, Measurements are 22% inches in- side diameter at the bottom, 21% inches at top and 12 inches deep inside. Height from the floor is 31 inches, just the right height at which to work conveniently. Inside and bottom are fully corrugated. A spout and plug \s provided for Pe etal § off the water. Heops are electrically welded galvanized wire at the bottom and center, and a heavy flat galvanized hoop at the top. Cover is of two-ply construction, securely hinged to tub, and will never split or warp. Cover ean be locked practically steamtight by a simple and strong cover catch, thus re- taining the heat in the water tor a long time. The mechanism ts of the best quality gray tron castings which are cast from machined brass patterns. All bearings run on steel shafting, insuring long wear and easy and satel running. All parts are In- terchangenble and can be easily replaced if necessary, and, of course, if at any time any parts prove defective in material or workmanship we will replace the parts free of charge.
Fully guaranteed by us to be equal to any washing machine of a similar type on the market, regardless of name, make or peice Your money back if you are not sat- isfied. Don't Yorget these features. The only way to tell what a washing machine will do is to try tt on several actual wash- ings in your home, and im this way we want you to try our machines,
Hand Power Washing Machine.
Hand Power machines are equipped with hardwood
Furnished in Four Types:
Hand, Water, Electric and Gasoline Engine Power,
This is the most satisfactory wash- ing machine ever sold by us. We have sold more than 75,000 of them, which testifies to their popularity and satis. faction giving qualities. You will make no mistake if you order a Wizard Washing Machine in any one of the types illustrated, Every machine is fully guaranteed and sold on trial. If after thirty days’ trial you are not
h convinced that it is the most satisfac
tory machine you can buy, send it back and we will return your money, including any freight charges you paid.
an sit down handle back heel to re-
so wringer can be attached. No. 44T75 Wizard” Washing Machine for Welght, crated for shipment, 90 pounds. Shipped from factory In CHICAGO or from Chicago store when other goods are ordered $6 9 Price .
ING MACHINE, circa 1914. A mail order house sold this business-like model ror ont $6.95. It made a splendid Christmas gift for the Missus. Type shown in illustration was hand-powered.
to apoce My pounds: n 1 about 4
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f 60 years ago sported elegantly paneled washstands wit
eet atte Gineet Melon was aA excellent place to hide a bottle of linament. Tubs were of zine, or copper lined, before popular use of porcelain and enamel.
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TINGLEY’S PATENT HORIZONTAL
ICE-CREAM FREEZER
Is recommended for FAMILIES, HOTELS, SALOONS, and WHOLESALE MANUFAC- TURERS
As the best Ice-Cream Freezer in the market.
It saves ICH, Saves TIME, Saves LABOR,
THIS FAMILY-TYPE ice cream freezer gives some idea of the average family’s size in days of yore. No doubt it did save time and labor if there were six husky lads in the house. Ad recommends freezer for saloons. Maybe Uncle Looie was telling the truth: He WAS buying an ice cream cone!
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talk Ee mst A DINING ROOM SUITE, advertised in 1893. Massive heavily carved, it a Nat ney was typical of the type of furniture highly admired at the fin de siecle.
Note the sideboard which in years to come was to go the way of the dodo.
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I. “AMARANTH BEDSTEAD" was a dazzling, canopied piece that FOR ONLY $42.85, a parlor organ (improved) could be delivered
iS caused many an “Oh!” and “Ah!” when exhibited at the to the home three score years ago. Then the musician of the ; Philadelphia Centennial. Owners of beds such as these didn’t house could render such a tune as “Alice Ben Bolt” when folks
: have to count sheep to woo slumber. They could speculate on dropped by for a taffy pull. Center mirror must have been a
the canopy tassels dangling above, or try to conjure up the detraction from the keyboard, but organist could always see f restful likeness of President Cleveland. who made faces behind her back.
\ eae No, 4477552" \ ai
le LIBERTY \s ELECTRIC WASHER.
Complete with a guaranteed electrie meteor, reversible ti} wringer, belt and 1 Ne 211 connections 1 ready to run. Sim- itt Dly screw attach- meft plug into any Mile! electric light socket
is and turn on power, f Price includes mo- - tor for 110-volt, 60- i cycle alternating
current or 110 or cart 220-volt direct current. Motors for other power will cost extra. Be sure te order motor for electric power you use. Ask your electric light company. Shipping weight, 165 pounds.
Shipped from fact in CHICAGO, iF ne 4417552" Liberty Electric Washing Machine. $49.75 ik CD cisiotsis\osinn\a'p's's,4 osidiniGin w Slee lars eta’s alvie eis res si oiee wiclale e'e'n\y Corr cccccsccccce
EARLIEST ELECTRIC WASHERS appeared about the time if Kaiser Wilhelm’s men were invading Belgium. The first ty ones were rather alarming looking, suggesting miniature i concrete mixers and just about as noisy. But the house- wives, understandably, were mad about them and they sold H by the thousands.
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q/ OLD-STYLE TYPEWRITERS took up more room than a modern desk. The | stenographer above, on first squint, might easily be mistaken for a_ it harpsichordist at work. You pushed down here, the machine went ‘round and the writing came out there—away up on top. Observe how this bustled office worker had to ride the chair side-saddle. _
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MR. BELL'S MIRACLE
LY 4 PAGES constituted Philadelphia’s
st telephone directory in 1879. Shown ove, it was tied together with a silk cord PAY STATION, of the type used in this city
e a dance program. There were no tele- about 1910 (at right.) It resembled a small one numbers; the phoner merely asked writing desk. The operator was called ir his party by name. Telephone sales- “central.” Last fall there were 530,137 en canvassed the city seeking subscribers, telephones in service in Philadelphia and fering many weeks of free trial as an 47,970 additional applications still on file, the war period backlog.
ating tuning forks but eventually he visioned “talk- Exposition in June, 1876. Alexander Graham Bell, born just ing wires.” He hit upon the principle of reproducing talk a century ago, had completed his early experiments in the by having a transmitter diaphragm move an armature in previous year. A teacher of deaf and dumb pupils, Bell the field of an electromagnet, generating a talking current originally wanted to apply the ideas of Helmholtz, German in its coils.
scientist, and make a telegraph wire carry several messages
FIRST TELEPHONE, exhibited in Philadelphia at the Centennial by vibr
THE WOODEN FORMS of cigar store Indians once were numerous throughout Philadelphia the special pride of tobacconists. In later years they became a collector’s item and now there are only one or two to be found in the whole town.
OVERHANGING SIGNS, symboli’} businesses and trades, came to city with early settlers and a¢ color to our streets. Such prad can he overdone, however, as | modern city realizes. As earl 1769 an ordinance prohibited penalty of a five pound fine raising or maintaining of si boards, poles or other dey which extended from house
thoroughfare. Innkeepers vy exempted. Old pawn shop syn (at left) has a significance dat from Medieval times, |
OLD OPTICIAN'S SIGN (above) hung over a Philadelphia shop for many years. eyesight was so poor you couldn’t see it, then you needed glasses indeed!
AN INTERESTING SIGN recalling the origi- nality and variety of earlier times was this old symbol (at right) favored by a basket- Weaver on a downtown street. Those who saw it seldom forgot it.
SPORTS IN OUR BLOOD
NAPSEY-TUNNEY fight in Municipal Stadium, eptember 23, 1926, during the Sesqui-Cen- jal was the greatest boxing bout ever staged WPhiladelphia. A new heavyweight champion
crowned when scientific Tunney received | decision after ten rounds. Gene made the fision stick at Chicago the following year in Jeturn bout.
j 1 1
ONE OF THE MOST FAMOUS fight pictures in the world was painted here in 1899 by the Philadelphia artist, Thomas Eakins. It now hangs in the Museum of Art on the Parkway. Not only is the scene a local one—the old Arena at Broad & Cherry sts., but all the principal figures shown in the painting were Philadelphians. Most of them were alive until recently. The fighter is Billy Smith. In his corner, Billy McCarney. Holding towel, Elwood “The Old War Horse” McCloskey. Timer, Clarence Cranmer, a newspaperman and friend of Eakins.
\CK FOGERTY, above, fought a -round bout here with the reign- 1 world’s champion of the day, }ck in the early ’70’s. That was e era of the bare knuckle fight, \fore Queensberry rules. At \zht, an old sketch of two prize thters of colonial days. Fight- g then was dirty, tricky and ‘ugh; few blows were barred. or a gruelling contest of many jurs the contestants thought lemselves lucky to receive a bot- 2 of whisky and a five-dollar Il apiece.
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4
SPORTS IN OUR BLOOD
a eo = ee wt 'e eo pe = do soem Rs see t ~¥ F 4
TENNIS IN THE 1870's from an old draw- ing. Rackets resembled those now used in other net sports: the accent was more upon dress and decorum than active play, it would seem. Flashy, striped socks and knitted hats were the mode for men; as for the ladies — the marvel is that they could have batted the ball at all, encum- bered as they were. By the century’s turn the tennis he-man (below) had shed his coat. But not his mustache.
: 4
4 ‘ . 4 < & par “ , oe 4,8: H a teak atte VIO h, att ots, wer te EVEN BY 1895 players of tennis still looked like figures in fashion plate, although by that tir rackets began to resemble the shape we recognize today for the sport. Still, the game was slow aif solemn, replete with polite repartee and gallantry, particularly where mixed competition was concer ed. Ladies fluttered about the lawn with more grace than net precision. Nevertheless, Philadelph was now becoming one of the most tennis-conscious cities in the world, a reputation it still hole |
TENNIS TODAY, a game of zip a speed that would have made Gra
ma’s eyes pop, no less for its acti¢ than for the sports costume of t] modern miss. Had the old gal be attired like this she, too, wou! have shown to advantage on court, what?
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EELMEN of the Germantown Bicycle Club get ready for a race down the ssahickon Valley in the 1800’s. A leader summons club members and keeps lm in line with blasts on his brass horn. Observe the chin-on-saddle resting Witude of the contestants. The old fashion high front wheel was still in Bue at this time; considerable skill was required to operate these devices. Ils were frequent, painful. Philadelphia was known the country over for ® bicycle clubs.
CYCLING today along Wissahickon ows considerable improvement in bikes id feminine apparel, all for the better, yuldn’t you agree?
IKE RACE in 1947 finds contestants zip- Ing around fast track on light ma- Haines, at speeds undreamed of three ‘ore years ago.
SPORTS IN OUR BLOOD
DERNIER CRI in milady’s bicycling costume, circa 1897, as worn by girl on right. Such dress was still considered rather daring as may be guessed by studying disapproving appraisal of bloomers, high-top gaiters by girl on left, more conserva- tively attired.
THIS BELLE, below, propelling her two-wheeled vehicle by hand and foot, apparently has all to herself this group of gallant wheelmen. Girls on sidewalk eye her enviously. The illustration below appeared in Harper’s Weekly in 1884.
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SPORTS IN OUR BLOOD
WILLIAM PENN FOUND THIS AREA teeming with wild life, history tells us. In his early letters back to England he wrote enthusiastically of the reed birds, ducks, teal and wild turkey to be had for the shooting. All that one needed for the most replete larder was a gun and a dog, boasted Penn. The now extinct passenger pigeons flew in great numbers over what is now Philadelphia, clouding the sky. Wild game abounded in this locality as late as 1852, date of the above sketch showing nimrods at work on the reedy waters of the Delaware. At right, he aah 5 near Bristol, also along the Delaware banks where teal and pintails are still to be found.
REGATTA ON THE SCHUYLKILL, back in the early 19th Century, is pictured in this interesti sketch in which the river looks amazingly straight but narrow, its banks unrestrained. Be } House Row was just a mud bank; the present parkland was owned by private individuals. BY boating and rowing even then were popular sports. Regattas on the Schuylkill now attra/ thousands of spectators. These waters have produced more than one World Champion sculle)
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LADY GOLFERS in 1901 as a prominent group posed for their photograph. The costume they fancied for the links would have been highly discouraging to a modern golfing miss such as the one snapped as she drives the ball, above at left. In that former day the women wore long, heavy woolen skirts, feather-trimmed hats, high stiff collars, as they meandered around the course. Despite their old fashioned get-ups, many of the sportswomen pictured above played top-notch golf and helped bring the game to its present distinction and popularity.
ACTION SHOT on the links a generation ago. Female garb on the golf course had become a little more simplified than it appeared in the older photograph at top of page but still was ae ’ § oe . no help to the game on a warm day. The modern lass, freed ee a Be if nae td of cumbersome, non-essential clothing plays golf with an a abandon unheard of in the 1900’s. Perhaps this is one reason why the ladies in increasing numbers have taken to this as well as other sports in the ensuing years. Outdoor activity has become as much a part of life for many contemporary
A golfing foursome the year 1947.
women as rocking a cradle was for their ancestors, a half ® century ago.
SPORTS IN OUR BLOOD
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BASEBALL IN THE 1860'S was still in swaddling clothes, as the sketch above, portraying a geme between the Athletics and the old Atlantic team of Brooklyn, indicates. (Nobody had yet referred to the latter gentlemen as “Dem Bums.”) But ladies did not attend games; umpires were yet to come. The Bulletin seldom dealt with baseball games in its columns at this time, in contrast with the present when the final, 4-star edition reports results of many games each afternoon throughout the season, illustrated by action shots such as that pictured at right.
BASEBALL IN PHILADELPHIA had come into its own by 1888. Photo above shows Phillies team of that year. Thousands of fans were going out to see the games n players were becoming heroes in song and story. Some of the players of this era still legendary figures. At left, rare old photo of Olympic Ball Club quarters, 25th. Jefferson sts., where local baseball was born in 1833. Picture was snapped in about the time the word “baseball” was adopted. Previously it had been termed “ ball” or “rounders.”
SPORTS IN OUR BLOOD
MODERN ARCHERS, devotees of an eee eer that has changed so little LDEST ARCHERY CLUB in America was the United Bowmen of Philadelphia, an organization through the years. Our city boasts a unded in 18265. It remained an active group until the last member died in the 1890’s. Members Set i SP rip Car mead pe t up their first shooting range in what is now Fairmount Park. They were particularly proud ula eT Se Litt, thi eee y ee geting? their uniforms featuring big pancake hats. pevene i seas 1S DICED OMe ee ae
RICKET, illustrated below in a modern along with an old-time picture, as once a leading Philadelphia sport. Large crowds watched the dozen so crack teams organized here that met the best competition the world uld offer. Now the game is mostly a minor sport at a few colleges.
a AAD iaheb Fa we el ; IN THAT AGE of lengthy dress, a half- Jil a zee Has nati WI CFE 2 dozen petticoats and the bustle, a girl’s se best friend was the game of croquet. It s required a minimum of exercise, allowed for interims of light conversation and was just what the doctor ordered for a peaceful Sunday afternoon in the 1880’s working up as it did an appetite for a strawberry sundae. Local girls now re- port that they find the game rather uninspiring.
“CHAMPIONSHIP
FOOT BALL
PENNSYLVANIA PRINCETO
SATURDAY, 4th NOVEMBER, 1893
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MANHEIM
ADMISSION Sres 2
DO NOT MISS THIS GAME
TAKE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD TO QUEEN LANE STATION _PHILA, & READING R. R. TO WAYNE JUNCTION,
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2 aati _ a2 SNR PAI
FRANKLIN FIELD sees throngs of 75,000 and more watching the big matches, such as the annual engagement with Navy, pictured in the aerial photograph above. The midshipmen are just arriving and parading onto the field. Penn is one of the national leaders in attracting spectators.
GAME OF FOOTBALL was once a gentleman’s sport exclusively, as old drawing above