THE LIBRARY

OF

THE UNIVERSITY

OF CALIFORNIA

LOS ANGELES

CENTENARY HISTORY

OF THE

PRESBYTERIAN GHURGH

IN

NEW SOUTH WALES

RESOLUTION OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.

Fkom the Minutes of the pnxx^edings of the General Assembly of the
Presbyterian ("hureh of New South Wales, May, 1899 : —

" Resolve tliat the History of the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales
be compiled and published in connection with the Centenary Thanks-
giving Fund Scheme" (Minute 109, p. 44) and (Minute 175, p. 58) " that
an Editorial Committee be appointed to write and publish a History
of the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales." and the following
were appointed such Editorial Committee, viz., Revs. Ur. Cameron, II.
.Macready, John VValker, T. E. Clouston (Ministers), and Messrs.
Andrew McCredie and Walter Henderson {A'le/iiij; Elders), Dr.
Cameron {Conz>eiicr .

A few months later, the Re\-. H. Macready died, never having
acted as a meml)er of the ("oniniittee. The (^leneral Assembb of .May,
1901, added the Re\. Dr. 1 )u\ id llruce to the Commiltee. ( )ni' of the
first acts of the (Committee was the appointment of the Conwner,
Dr. {'ameron, as Editor-in-Chief, and, short!)- afterwards the l\.e\-. |ohn
Walker was appointed to illustrate the book.

THE REV. JOHN DUNMORE LANG, M.A., D.D

t-.i,n,,, /•,,.,(,„,,.,, M.I Mm,:.!.-, uj A„>l,ui,„

I'late 1

Centenary History

of the

Presbyterian Church

New 5outh Wales

R Y

REV. JAMES CAMERON, M.A.. D.D.

<^

•7-

^0

S \' I) X F. \"

A N G U S A XI) R O K E R T S O N

1905

SYDNEY :

S. T. I,EIGH AND CO.

PRINTERS

M / -• ■'

DEDICATION.

TO THE MEMORY OF

T/ie Pioneers and Fonndcrs of ilic Chn?rh in Australia^ ivhose
names and ivork should never be forgotten ;

TO THE

loyal, devoted, coitrai^eons, hopeful 7Vorkers for Christ and His
Church to-day, 7vhose task is so large and complex ;

AND TO THOSE

Who ivill take the Standard from our hands, to carry it fonvard
and to toil for the one thing worth toiling for enthusiastically,
the Kingdom of God on Earth and Beyond.

i8r:.?rj:i'.5)

" Presbyterianism has done much to solve some intricate and difficult Church
problems already, such as that of a Free Church in a Free State, and a free
conscience in a free, evangelical, and international Church system. It does not
profess to be a finality, but it may not unlikely come nearer than any other mode of
Church administration to the great Union Church of the future. Its own uniting
time has come. Its divisions are being healed, and its organising power is being
manifested in generous forms all over the world. While, therefore, it carries forward
its own work in its (jwn way, Presbyterianism may help various religious sections of
the community into closer relations and happier understanding with each other, while
none the less faithful to its own essential principles. " — From History oj the Presbyterian
Church in England, by the Rev. A. H. Drvsoai.e. .M.A., D.D.

" The Calvinists have always struggled proudly and courageously for the liberty,
that is to say for the sovereigntj', of the Church within her own sphere. ... In
Christ, they contended, the Church has her own King. Her position in the State is
not assigned her by the permission of the Government, but jui-e divino. She has
her own organisation, she possesses her own office-bearers, and, in a similar way, she
has her own gifts to distinguish truth from the lie. It is therefore her privilege, and
not that of the State, to determine her own characteristics as the true Church, and to
proclaim her own confession, as the confession of the truth."— C'rt/z'/w/.fw, by Prok.
A. KUYPER, D.D.. LL.D., Premier of Holland.

Calvinism has " inspired and sustained the bravest efforts ever made by man to
break the yoke of unjust aiiihoriiy." — James Antiionv Fkoude.

" It is strange that all Christendom becomes Presbyterian on an ordination day." —
(" Rabbi ") John Duncan, D.D.

" Presbyterianism in Now South Wales has shewn iiself tu he well adapted to
the circumstances of a new country. Because of what it has already done, the
influence which it has exerted in developing the religious life of the colony, it stands
high in the public estimation." — From Presi>yteriaiiisiu in the Colonies, by R. Gordon
Haukour, D.D.

PREFACE.

nPHE idea of preparing a History of the Presbyterian
Church of New South Wales, which had from
time to time been talked of, was taken up anew and
embodied in the Centenary Thanksgiving Scheme
which was submitted to the General Assembly in 1902
by the Rev, John Walker, and cordially adopted.
An Editorial Committee was appointed, consisting of
the Rev. Dr. Cameron (Convener), the Revs. Dr. Bruce,
Dr. Clouston, John Walker, Messrs. Andrew McCredie
and Walter Henderson. The task of writing the
History was assigned to me, and accepted, though
not without a measure of misgiving, since I knew the
difficulties involved.

I have to acknowledge my obligations to the late
Rev. Henry Macready, an honoured minister of our
Church, who in his day rendered good service in
various capacities. After being laid aside from active
ministerial work, Mr. Macready conceived the idea of
writing a History of the Church, and collected certain
material for the work ; but sickness and death intervened
to frustrate the execution of that upon which he had
set his heart. Before he died, he generously handed
over to us the material he had collected and the work
he had done, and these I have found of much use,
especially in dealing with the earlier portion of the
History.

In preparing the Historic Sketches of the several
charges I have experienced no small measure of difficulty
and delay. The congregational records have in many

X. PREFACE

instances proved defective, and in some cases undiscover-
able. But from one source or another the main facts
in each case have been got, and I have to acknowledge
my indebtedness to the brethren who have aided me by
sending material for these sketches.

To the Office Staff I owe much for their uniform readi-
ness to aid me in my work. The Rev. Dr. J. S. Laing,
Clerk of the General Assembly, and the Rev. John Walker,
the Assembly's Commissioner, have kindly read over
my work in manuscript — the latter, twice — and the
•emendations and additions suggested by them have
received due consideration.

Mr. Walker, having had considerable experience in
that kind of work, was asked to undertake the task of
procuring and arranging the illustrations, and he has
spared neither time nor trouble to make these as full and
as satisfactory as possible. Mr. Walker has also given
very great assistance in carrying the book through the
press. The desire to keep the cost of the volume within
reasonable imits has rendered brevity imperative, and
necessitated the exclusion of not a little we would
otherwise have gladly included. While every care has
been taken to secure accuracy in the statements made,
omissions and mistakes will probably be discoverable,
but not, I hope, to the extent of affecting the reliability
of the Record in regard to the main facts and features
of our History.

My hope is that this History of the rise and
progress of Presbyterianism in this Southern land will
prove acceptable to our people, diffuse among them,
especially among the young, an intelligent acquaintance
with Presbyterian principles, and deepen the interest felt
by I)oth young and old in the work of the Church to
which they belong. It may also have interest for not a
few members of other branches of the Christian Church.

PREFACE XI.

If it should prove helpful to any extent in fostering

the attachment of our people to their ancestral faith, and

in stimulating and strengthening their allegiance to the

God of their fathers, I shall feel that our labour has not

been in vain.

JAMES CAMERON.
Richmond, March. ^905-

When the i)rinting of this volume was nearing com-
pletion, the beloved Editor — on the 8th of October — was
suddenly called to his rest. So earnestly and long had
he laboured in compiling from many sources the life-
story of our Church, and with such keen interest did he
anticipate its publication, that death at such a moment
was more than usually pathetic.

The Editor's residence at some distance from Sydney,
and the mass of details that had to be dealt with on
the spot day by day in order to complete the History
and get it through the press, have thrown on my
shoulders a good deal more work than Dr. Cameron
foresaw when he penned the above Preface. Knowing
all that remained to be done, the Editorial Committee,
on the Editor s death, asked me to finish the work ; and
though bereft of Dr. Cameron's experienced advice, yet
I was well acquainted with his wishes and intentions,
and venture to hope that the History has not noticeably
suffered.

In an Appendix a sketch of the Editor's life is given,
■and we trust that his name will long be kept in the
Church's memory by this last large undertaking of his
busy, useful life.

The very full Indices and the Appendices greatly

-add to the value of the volume as a permanent book

of reference.

JOHN WALKER.
WooLLAHRA, i^th December, 1903.

Accordiitg to the conditions of the Centenary Thanksgiving Fund, a
supplementary iwltime will be issued when the scheme is completed, to be called
"The Historic Roll," containing the navies and addresses of every contributor
to that ([real Fund.

NOTES ON THE ILLUSTRATIONS.

'i'nK work of choosing and obtaining the illustrations has not been a
light task, or one of small importance, for various reasons. Unillustrated
books are becoming less and less valuable, and in historical works
especially contemporary pictures are very desirable. The desire to have
[)ortraits of the spiritual teachers and pa.stors of our Church is both
natural and good alike for heart and head ; and it is also well that our
people should know what manner of churches and manses have been
built, and are being built, for the worship of God and as homes for the
ministry of the Church in their succeeding generations, in all parts
•of the land. In a sermon preached by the late Rev. Dr. Geikie at the
closing of the old church of St. Stephen's, Bathurst, he used these
suggestive words :

" None on earth can tell how various, how numerous, how sacred, and how
solemn, are the memories connected with a building long dedicated to the worship of
God. Other edifices often keep alive high and tender associations ; hut the church,
the place where the great congregation has long assembled, this, as the place where
men and women have for a generation transacted with God, ranks before them
all. . . . These walls in an especial manner connect us with the Unseen. They
belong, indeed and essentially, to the Church visible : but this is twin to the
Church within the veil. Here we feel that we stand side by side with many no more
walking in the tlesh. Such are in the City that hath foundations ; their earthly
Sabbaths have been exchanged for that which is unending ; their earthly lessons have
been superseded Ijv the beatific vision ; still, they and those who remain were one
people on earth, and this oneness is a continuance."

It is such thoughts as these which have spurred us to obtain as
many photographs of our churches, large and small, as space would
allow ; and many in all parts of the land, we are assured, will cherish
these sun-pictures of buildings round which cling most sacred and
tender memories. W'e have succeeded in showing at least one church
or manse in each of the vast majority of our parishes; but to do this
we have had to depend, in very many cases, on the efforts of amateurs,
for whose kind help we are grateful. We give portraits of every settled

XIV. NOTES ON THE ILLUSTRATIONS

minister (except one whose photograph we have failed to obtain) grouped
with his co-presbyters. But we were also desirous of .securing pictures
of those men who in the past have filled our pulpits, ministered in the
homes of our families and the homes of our fathers, and more or less
guided the counsels and activities of the Church. This has been a
vastly more difficult matter ; but we rejoice to have obtained excellent
portraits of many who are no longer with us, having gone to other parts
of the world or to the world within the veil. To the kind friends in this
and the neighbouring States — -too many to mention by name — who have
lent us valued likenesses of ministers, elders, and prominent Church
workers of other days, we would hereby express our sincere thanks.
The various historic Groups have permanent value, and the reproduc-
tions of two Assembly Groups include the portraits of a number of
faithful and greatly-esteemed elders. To have attempted in any other
way to give portraits of elders would have required almost a volume,
so numerous have they been during the past eighty years. We
desired to give several pages of portraits of pioneer Presbyterians
in Country Presbyteries, but, although we tried diligently to obtain
these, only very few were sent and the idea had to be given up.
The picture of Ebenezer Church — the oldest in Australia — and of the
Australian College buildings surely deserve a place in this History.
Man\- will be greatly interested in the portraits of councillors
and ex-councillors of St. Andrew's College and the professors and
lecturers in our Theological Hall, as also in the pictures of our
various Colleges and of the Church Offices. The full-page portraits of
Dr. Lang — the leather of Australian Presbyterianism — of Dr. Cameron,
Dr. Steel, John Miller Ross, Robert Logan, Alexander Berry, and
Lord Hopetoun, will be greatly valued. It is also fitting that the
office-bearers of the Fellowship Union and the Women's Missionary
Association should have a prominent place in the History; while tiie pages
illustrating our various Mission undertakings will interest a wide circle.
W'e w(Hild express our appreciation of the care taken and ability shewn
by the firm wh(j have reproduced the portraits and pictures, many of
which, being old or not well taken, re(iuired much retouching and most
careful workmanship.

Several portraits and pictures of cliurches and manses which we
greatly desiretl are absent through no fault of ours; and des|)ite all our
care, we expect that mistakes will in some degree mar our woik. {''or
these we ask forbearance.

JOHN \\ALKi:K,

Assistant lidi/or.

CONTENTS

CENTENARY HISTORY.

PAGR

Chapter I.

Thf. Initial Stage -...--- i

Chapter II.

The Synod of New South Wales - - - - i&

Chapter III.

The Synod of Australia in Connection with the
Church of Scotland, from the Secession ok
Dr. Lang in 1842 to the Union in 1865 - - 33

Chapter IV.

The Synod of Eastern Australia - - - - 48

Chapter \'.

The Union Negotiations ------ 67

Chapter VI.

The General Synod of the Presbyterian Church

IN New South Wales - - - - - 79

Chapter VII.

History of the United Church - - - - 86

Chapter VIII.

Ministerial Support .-.--. c;o

Chapter IX.

Home Mlssion and Church E.xtension - - - loi

Chapter X.

Foreign Missions - - - - - - - 105

XVI. CONTENTS

PAGE

Chapter XI.

Women's Missionary Association - - - -in

Chapter XII.

Religion and Morals - - - - - - 115

Chapter XIII.

Some Prominent Departments of the Church's

Work - - - - - - - - -120

Chapter XIV.

The Presbyterian Fellowship Union of New South

Wales -------- 128

Chapter XV.

Finance and Property - - - - - - 136

Chapter X^'I.

Beneficiary Funds - - - - - - - 145

Chapter XVII.

Our Educational Institutions - - - - - 150

Chapter XNIII.

Theolo(jical Education - - - - - - 172

Chapter XIX.

Two Fathers of the (Church - - - - - 177

Chapter XX.

Officers and Offices - - - - - - 181

Chapter XXI.

Side- Lights - - 186

Chapter X.XII.

I""kiikr\i. Union ----... iqj

Chapter XXIII.

I'respytekianism : Irs Fundamental I'rinc iples - 200

ClIM'IKR XXIV.

Afterword

203

CONTENTS XVII.

HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES.

Page

Prksbytery ok Bathurst --..--- 209

Bathurst — Blayney — Bourke — Bowenfels — Carcoar — Cobar —
Coonabarabran — Dubbo — Eskbank — Gulargambone and Coonamble —
Gulgong — Mudgee — Orange — Rylstone — Trangie and Narromine —
Warren — Wellington.

Pre-sbytery of the Clarence - - - - - - 227

Ballina — Bellinger and Orara— Byron Bay — Casino — Chines — Grafton
— Kyogle — Lismore — Maclean — Middle Clarence — Tweed River —
Wood burn.

Presbytery of Goulburn ------- 236

Braidwood — Goulburn — (^ueanbeyan and Gundaroo — Taralga — Vass.

Presbytery of the Hastings - - - - - - 241

Barrington and Gloucester — Kempsey — The Manning River — The
Lower Manning — Tlie Upper Manning — Nanibucca — Port Macquarie-

Presbytery of the Hawkesbury ------ 247

Blackheath and Mount Victoria — Campbelltown — Ebenezer and Pitt
Town— Windsor -Richmond and Kurrajong — Penrith and Springwood
— St. Mary's and Rupertswood — Granville and Ciuildford — Leura and
Wentworth Falls — Liverpool — Mittagong and Bowral — Moss Vale —
Parramatta — Picton — Woodford and Linden.

Presbytery of the Hunter - ----- - 263

Belmont and Boolaroo — Cessnock, Kurri Kurri and Weston — Dungog
— Greta — 1 lamillon — Hinton — Last Maitland — West Maitland —
Minmi — Murrurundi and Quirindi — Muswellbrook — Newcastle (St.
Philip's) — Newcastle (St. Andrew's) — Paterson — Scone and Aberdeen
— Singleton — Wailsend and West Wallsend.

Presbytery of Illawarra - - - - - - - 281

Albion Park — Berry — Helensburgh — Kiama — Shoalhaven — Wollon-
gong — Woonoona.

Presbytery of the Lachlan ------- 288

Condobolin — Forbes — Parkes.

Presbytery of Monaro - - - - - - - - 291

Bega — Bonibala — Cooma — Eden — Moruya^ — West Monaro.

XVIII. CONTENTS

PAGB

Presbytery of the Murrumbidgee ----- 297
Balranald and Moulamein — Berrigan and Finley — Deniliquin — Hay —
Hillston and Gunbar — ^Jerilderie — Narrandera — Urana — Wentworth —
Wilcannia.

Presbytery of New England ------ 307

Armidale — Biiigera and VVarialda— Glen Innes — Gunnedah, Bo^'gahri,
Narrabri, and Wee Waa — Inverell— Manilla and Bendemeer — Moree —
Tarn worth —Tenterfield — Walcha — Walgett.

Presbytery of Sydney -------- 319

Ashfield (Liverpool Road) — Ashfield (St. David's) — Auburn— Balmain
(Campbell Street)— Balmain (St. Paul's)— Bexley— Botany— Broken
Hill — Burwood — Campsie — Canterbury — Chalmers Church- Chats-
wojd — Double Hay — Drummoyne — Dulwich Hill — Epping and
Ermington — Gladesville — Glebe— Hornsby, Thornley, and Beecroft —
Hunter Baillie Memorial, Annandale — Hurstville — Kogarah — Lane
Cove — Leichhardt — Lindfield — Manly — Marrickville — Mosman —
Neutral Bay — Newtown — Paddington — Palmer Street, WooJloomooloo
— Petersham — Pitt Street Church (FuUerton Memorial) — Pymble —
Pyrmont — Randwick — Riley Street Church, Surry Hills — Rosedale —
St. Andrew's, Sydney — St. Leonards North — St. Luke's, Redfern — St.
Peter's, North Sydney — St. Stephen's, Sydney — Stanmore — The Scots
Church, Sydney — Wahroonga — Waverley, Grahame Memorial —
Waverley, McNeil Memorial (Mill Hill)— Woollahra.

Presbytery of ^\'AGGA Wagga ------ 368

Albury — Coolamon — Corowa — Culcairn — Germanton — Junee— ^
Tumbarumba and the Upper Murray — Wagga Wagga.

Presbytery of Young -------- 378

Burrowa and Binalong— Cootamundra — Cowra — Grenfell — Gundagai
— Monteagle liland - Murrumburrah — Temora — Tumut — Wyalong
— Young.

IN MK MORI AM.
In Memoriam - - 389 to 398

CONTENTS XIX.

APPENDICES.

PAGB-

Appendix I. — The Late Rkv. Jamks Cameron, M.A., D.D. 401
Appendix II. — Ministers who served the Presuvterian

Church ix N.S.W. Before the Union - - - 404

Appendix III. — Ministers who have served the Presby-
terian Church ix N.S.W. Since the Union in 1865 406
Appendix IV. — First General Assembly of the Presby-
terian Church in N.S.W , shewincj Churches and
Ministers Entering into the Union of 1865 - 413

Appendix V. — List of Students who Arrived in Ship

"Clifton," 1850 -------- 415

Appendix VI. — Roll of Ministers who have Laboured
in the Presbyterian Church of Eastern Australia
SINCE 1865 - - ■ - - - - - - - 416

Appendix VII. — Allan and Richard Cunningham - 416

Appendix VIII. — General Assembly Group, 1888 - - 417
Appendix IX — Do. do. 1897 - - 418

Appendix X. — First General Assembly Group, 1901 - 419
Appendix XI. — Presbyterianism in its World-wide Extent 420
Appendix XII. — Centenary Fund, List to December, 1905 421

General Index to (Centenary History, and Sketches of

Parishes - - .. - - - - - - 425

General Index to Plates of Illustration.^ - - - 441

XX. CONTENTS

INDEX OK ILLUSTRATIONS.

PLATB PAGK

1 The Rev. John Dun.more Laxg, M.A., D.D. - Frontispiece

2 The Rev. James Cameron, M.A., D.D. . . . i

3 The Rev. John Walker ------ i

4 Ebenezer Church, Hawkksklrv Rivkr - - . g

5 View of Sydney Cove, iSio - - - - - - 8

6 The Au.stralian College, Sydney - - - - 8

7 The Scots' Church, Sydney ------ 8

8 St. Andrew's Scots Church, Sydney - - - - i6

9 Pitt St. Church, Sydney - - - - - - i6

10 Ministers who went to Victoria .... 40

1 1 Queensland Pioneers from New South \Vales - - 40

12 St. Stephen's, Sydney — Historic Churches - - 64

13 St. Stephen's Church, Sydney, since ihe Union - 64

14 Ministers, Church of Eastern Australia, 1863 - 72

15 St. George's Church, Sydney, and Ministers - - 72

16 The Union Assembly, 1865 ..... 80

17 Some Prominent Presbyterians of the Past - - 80

18 Ministers who have Retired or Left the State - 80

19 Ministers who have Passed Away . . . . 88

20 Minis lERS who have Passed AwA^ - - - - 88

21 The Rev. John Miller Ross ----- 96

22 The Hon. Alexander Berry, M.L.C. - - - - 96
2T^ Mr. Robert Logan, of 'Porryburn - - - - 96

24 Ministers' Retreat on phk Blue Mount.mns - - 96

25 New Hebrides Mission - - - - - 104

26 North Queensland Aboriginai, Mission - - - X04

27 North Queensland Ap.orkhnal Mission - - - 104

28 North Queensland Aborkunal Mission - - - 104

29 Office-Bearers of Women's Missionary Assoc'n, 1903 - 112

30 Sholinghur Mission, 1905 - 112

31 Chinese Mission, Sydney 112

32 Newcastle Chinese Mission Groui- - - - - 112

33 Young Men's Fellowship Union Ofitck-Bearers - 128

34 Evangelists, and Agents in Home Country - - 128

35 Members of Treasurership Committee, 1904 - - 136
3(j Officials of the General Assembly, 1905-6 - - 136

37 (iROUP OF Members of Assembly, 1888 - - - 144

38 liENEFACr(M<S TO THE ChURCH's FunDS - - - 1 44

39 Hunter Haillie Memorial Church - - - 144

CONTENTS XXI.

PLATK PAGR

40 St. Andrkw's Collegk, Svdnky - - - - - 152

41 St. Andrew's Coit.egk Principal, Councillors and

Staff - - - - - - - - - 152

42 St Andrew's College Ex-Councillors - - - I5^

43 Group at St. Andrew's College, 1896 - - - 152

44 Presbyterian Ladip:s' College, Croydon - - - 160

45 Cooerwull Academy, Bowenp'kls - - - - 160

46 The Scots College, Rose Bay - - - - 16&

47 Theological Faculty, 1905 ----- - 168

48 Members of Assembly, 1897 - - - - - - 176

49 Moderators from 1865 to 1885 - - - - - 184

50 Moderators from 1887 to 1905 - - - - - 184

51 Presbyterian Church Offices, Sydney - - - 184

52 Official Staff Church Offices ----- 184

53 His Excellency Lord Hopetoun - - - - 192

54 Union Asse.mbly and Delegates, 1901 - - - 192

55 Union Assembly, Town H.a.ll Meetini;, Sydney- - 192

56 Union Assembly, Town Hall Meeting, Sydney - - 192

57 First General Assembly of Australia, 1901 - - 192

58 The Rev. Robert Steel, D.D. . . . - - 209

59 Presbytery of Bathurst, Ministerial Members, 1904 216

60 St. Stephen's, Bathurst, and Ministers - - - 216

61 Presbytery of Bathurst, Churches and Manses - 216

62 Presbytery of Bathurst, Churches and Manses - 216

63 Presbytery of Bathurst, Churches, Manses and

School Hall - - - . . . . 224

64 Presbytery of Bathurst, Churches and Manses - 224

65 Presbytery of Bathurst, Churches .\nd Manses - 224

66 Portraits of Various Ministers and Office-Beareks 224

67 Presbytery of the Clarence, Churches and Manses 232

68 Presbyteries of the Hastings and Clarence,

Churches and Manses - - - - - - 23?

69 Presbyteries of the Clarence and Illawarra,

Minlsterial Members, 1904 ----- 232

70 Presbytery of Goulburn, Churches and Manses - 232

71 Various Presbyteries, Ministerial Members, 1904 - 240

72 Ministers Not in Charge of Parishes, August, 1905 240

73 Presbytery of the H.awkesbury, Ministerial Mem-

bers, 1905 -..----- 2. (.8

74 Presbytery of the Hawkesp.ury, Churches and Manses 248

75 Presbytery of the Hawkesbury, Churches and Manses 256

76 Presbytery of the Hawkesbury, Churches - - 256

XXII. CONTENTS

PLATR PAGK

77 Presbytery OF THE Hawkesdury, Churches and Manses 264

78 Presbytery OF THE Hunter, Ministerial Members, 1904 264

79 Presbytery of the Hunter, Churches and Manses 272

80 Presbytery of the Hunter, Churches and Manses 272

81 Presbytery of the Hunter, Churches and Manse - 272

82 Presbytery of the Hunter, Churches and Manse- 272

83 Presbytery of Illawarra, Churches and Manses - 280
-84 Presbytery of Illawarra, Churches and Manses - 280

85 Presbytery of 1-achlan, Churches and Manses - 288

86 Various Photographs, Received Late - - - 288

87 Presbytery of Monaro, Churches and Manses - 288

88 Ministerial Members of Three Presbyteries - - 288

89 Victorian Ministers in Riverina, N.S.W. - - 296

90 Presbytery of Murrumbidgee, Churches and Manses 296
^i Presbytery OF Murrumbidgee, Churches and Manses 304

92 Home Mission Agents- -..--- 304

93 Presbytery of New England, Ministerial Members,

1905 --------- 312

94 Presbytery of New England, Churches and Manses 312

95 Presbytery of New England, Five Churches - • 312

96 Presbyteries of New England and the Clarence,

Churches and Manses - - - - - 312

97 Presbytery of Sydney, Ministerial Members, 1905 - 320

98 Presbytery of Sydney, Ministerial Members, 1905 - 320

99 Presbytery of Sydney, Ministerial Members, 1905 - 320
100 Presbytery of Sydney, Churches, Schools and Manses 320
loi Presbytery of Sydney, Churches and a Manse - 328

102 Presbytery of Sydney, Church, School and Manse 328

103 Presbytery of Sydney, Four Churches - - - 336

104 Presbytery of Sydney, Five Churches - - - 336

105 Presbytery of Sydney, Churches and Manses - 336

106 Various Churches and a Manse .... 336

107 Presbytery of Sydney, Two Churches - - - 360

108 Presbytery of Sydney, Churches and Manses - 360

109 Prksbytery of Sydney, Churches and Manse - - 360
I 10 Presbytery of Sydney, Churches and Manses - 360

1 1 1 Albury, its Ministers and Buildin(;s - - - 368

1 12 Presbytery of Wagga Wagga, Churches and Manses 368

1 13 Prksbytery of Wagga Wagga, Churches and Manses 368

114 Student Home Missionaries, 1905 .... 368

115 l^RESBYTERY OF YoUNG, ChURCHES AND MaNSES - - 376

116 Presi'.ytery of Young, Churches and Manses - - 376

CENTENARY HISTORY

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

NEW SOUTH WALES.

THE REV. JAMES CAMERON, M.A., D.D.

£iiilur 0/ f/i.' ■ n/.sfo.iy ur r«^ fr^sbijteruw Chiui h in ^t'li South rt,i..s. "

PlotP ?

Photo, by J. H Newmnn.

THE REV. JOHN WALKER

A^sistnnt Editor of the History

HISTORY

OK TIIK

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

IN New South Wales.

Chapter I.
THE INITIAL STAGE.

^HE story of the discovery of Australia, and

f/il^^^^l ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ settlement of white men within
Ik'^^ii^yil its borders, is one of romantic interest.
pL^g^-rsgTiJI But it has been often told, and there
is no need to dilate on the oft-repeated tale. The
prehistoric period has engaged the researches of
scientific men, but the problems it suggests are still
largely involved in obscurity. W hat the age is of our
island continent, how long it remained without inhabitants,
who the aboriginal inhabitants were, whence they came,
and when, and how, these are questions which, although
hard to answer, do not materially affect the purposes of
this history, Suffice it to say that about the time that
this new world of the South began, through the publication
of Cook's voyages, to become known to the various
countries of the old world, ihe British Government was
on the outlook for some suitable locality to which to
deport its criminals. When Botany Bay was brought

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN A US TR A II A

under its notice it concluded, after full inquiry, that
the place would be well suited for the purpose, and
preparations were accordingly made for carrying the idea
into effect. A fleet of eleven sail was assembled at
Portsmouth, in March, 1787, having on board the
Governor, Captain Phillip, and the officials, with a
military force, and 757 convicts, of whom 565 were men
and 192 women. On the 20th of January, 1788, the
whole fleet anchored safely in Botany Bay. On
examination, however, the surroundings of the Bay
proved unsuitable for Phillip's needs ; further search was
made, and the exploration of Port Jackson provided a
thoroughly adequate site. There, accordingly, at the head
of Sydney Cove, the settlement was formed on the 26th
of January, 1788. The number embraced in the settlement,
free and bond, old and young, was found to be i ,030. The
religious requirements of the people had not been for-
gotten, the Rev. Richard Johnston having been sent with
them as chaplain ; and, till the arrival of the Rev. Samuel
Marsden, some five or six years later, he was the only
minister of religion in the settlement. As regards the
religious profession of the convicts, the usual mixture was
found among them ; but the great majority claimed
connection with the Church of England, and for many
years the Church of England had exclusive possession
of the field, with all the privileges and advantages
thence resulting.

As the capabilities of the soil appeared to furnish
every encouragement for the settlement of free immi-
grants upon the land, arrangements were made for the
introduction of an agricultural po[)ulation.

THE PIONEER PRESBYTERIANS.

Among the first of these free emigrants was a company
of about a dozen families, chiefly from the Scottish border.
These received grants of 100 acres each, of rich alluvial
land, on the banks of the Ilawkesbury River, near

THE INITIAL STAGE 3

Portland Head. They were Presbyterians, devout and
God-fearing people, and much attached to the Church of
their fathers. They longed greatly to have opportunities
of meeting to worship God together on the Lord's Day,
as they had been wont to do in the home-land ; but the
difficulties were great, for they had neither church nor
minister, nor the means of maintaining the latter. But,
nothing daunted, they determined to make the most of
their circumstances ; and, fortunately for them, they had
among them a trusted and godly man, said to have been
an Elder, and competent to discharge the honorary
duties of a catechist. His name was Mr. James Mein,
a name which still abides in highest honour among us.
At first they met in a private house, or in the open air.
The erection of buildings was a matter of difficulty in
those early days, but with willing hearts and active hands
they set to work, and succeeded in erecting, in the year
1809, a comfortable stone church, at a cost of over ^400,
the first church erected by voluntary contributions in the
colony. In this church, led by Mr. Mein, they continued
to worship God in their own devout and simple manner,
until the arrival, in 1823, of the Rev. Dr. Lang, the first
ordained Presbyterian minister who settled in Australia.

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN COMMUNION SERVICE.

Shortly after his arrival, Dr. Lang paid a visit to
Portland Head. " I had the gratification," he says in his
History of Neiv South Wales, '' of dispensing the
Sacrament of the Holy Communion in the year 1824,
according to the hallowed customs of the Presbyterian
Church. It was the lirst time it had ever been dispensed
on the Australian Continent, in such sort as it is written
in the standards of the Presbyterian Communion. There
were twenty communicants; and the very peculiar circum-
stances in which the ordinance was solemnized, in the
little church situated on a rising ground on the edge of the

4 PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN AUSTRALIA

forest, and overlooking a beautiful and romantic reach of
the noble river, rendered the whole scene the most inter-
esting and affecting I had ever witnessed." It may be
mentioned that the old church is still standing in its
picturesque surroundings, and is filled. Sabbath after
Sabbath, by the descendants of the first worshippers.
It is now the oldest church-building in Australia,
belonging to any denomination.

The arrival of Dr. Lang marked a new era in the
development of Presbyterianism in the colony. He was
not only the first ordained minister of the Presbyterian
Church in Australia, but he continued to be the ruling
spirit in her movements throughout the earlier stages of
her history.

REV. DR. LANG.

Dr. Lang was born at Greenock in August, 1799, his
father, William Lang, being a landed proprietor occupying
and farming a small estate in Ayrshire ; his mother, Mary
Dunmore. was the daughter of a landed proprietor in
the town of Largs. Dr. Lang received his early
education in the parish school, and from that he passed,
at the early age of twelve years, into the University of
Glasgow, where for eight years he prosecuted his
studies for the ministry. Having obtained his M.A.
degree, he was in 1820 "licensed to preach" by the
Presbytery of Irvine^ His brother George had already
emigrated to New South Wales, and the representations
made by him, as to the great want of religious ordinances
for the Presbyterian population, determined Dr. Lang to
choose New South Wales as his field of labour. In
1822 he was ordained by the Presbytery of Irvine with
a view to his forming a church in Sydney in connection
with the National Church of Scotland. In 1825 the
University of Glasgow, on the recommendation of several
eminent divines, conferred on him the honorary degree

THE INITIAL STAGE 5

of D.D. In 1823 a site was secured for a church at the
top of Jamieson Street, and the erection of the Scots
Church — to seat 1,100 people — was begun. In August,
1824, after a sojourn of about two years in Sydney,
Dr. Lang sailed for Britain, and did not return till
January, 1826.

During his absence in Britain, several remarkable
tran.sactions took place in the ecclesiastical sphere.
The Rev. G. H. Scott arrived in the colony, having been
appointed Archdeacon of New South Wales, with a
guaranteed salary of ^2,000 a year. Contemporaneously
with the appointment of Mr. Scott, a Church and School
Corporation was established by Royal Charter in the
year 1825, by which the whole care of religious
education in New South Wales was assigned to the
Episcopalian clergy, to whom no less than a seventh
of the whole colony was assigned for their support.
As, however, no immediate return could be got from
these unoccupied lands, the Church was glad to
compound with the Government for a yearly allowance
from the Treasury, while the lands reverted to the
Crown. The Government was lavish in its liberalitv
to the Anglican establishment, ;^,'2 2,000 having been
paid in the year 1828 to the Episcopalians, while the
other denominations were barely tolerated,

THE AUSTRALIAN COLLEGE.

The Governor, Sir Thomas Brisbane — a Scottish
Presbyterian, by the way — was succeeded by Sir Ralph
Darling, and to him Dr. Lang, on his return, made certain
proposals with a view to the promotion of education and
religion, but no action was taken in connection with them.
Among them was a plan for the establishment of a
Collegiate Institution lor imparting a liberal education to
those who might desire it, and also for the training ot
young men for the Ministry of the Presbyterian Church.

6 PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN AUSTRALIA

In prosecution of this idea he started on a second voyage
to Britain in 1830, and so far succeeded in interesting
the Secretary of State for the Colonies in the scheme
that he got the promise of ;i^3,500 towards the contem-
plated college, on condition of a similar amount being
raised in the colony. With a view to the erection of the
necessary buildings, he arranged for the sending out of a
considerable number of Scotch mechanics, who, being
very competent tradesmen, as well as very industrious
and respectable men, proved a valuable accession to the
colony. In due time "The Australian College" was
built and started with a staff of two professors : the Rev.
Robert Wylde, M.A., of Glasgow University, and the Rev.
David Mackenzie, M.A., of the University of Edinburgh,
with Dr. Lang as Principal. Mr. James Rennie, M.x\.
— father of Mr. E. A. Rennie, for many years Auditor-
General of New South Wales— shortly after his arrival
in Sydney, was offered by Dr. Lang a Professorship
in the College, which other engagements prevented
his accepting. Shortly afterwards Dr. Carmichael
came out from Scotland at the Principal's invitation
and joined the professorial staff. In the carrying out
of this large scheme — the building alone cost about
;^ 1 2, 000. — Dr. Lang had incurred personal liabilities,
which necessitated the sacrifice of not a little of his
own private property. For some ten or twelve years
the College did good work; over 500 young men received
a thoroughly sound education there, and several who
afterwards became prominent colonists received their
education within its walls. Among these we may
mention the late Hon. Sir John Robertson, the Hon.
Sir George Dibbs, Mr. T. A. Dil^bs (General Manager
Commercial Banking Co. of Sydney), Messrs. John C.
Dibbs, Thos. B. Gaden, W. H. Gaden and brothers,
George, John and William Bowman, and the Howes, of
Glenleigh. But from various causes — among them,

THE INITIAL STAGE 7

probably, the lack of efficient oversight — the College fell
into an embarrassed condition, though it was carried on
for another ten years, and in 1854 it was closed. W'e
should have said that latterly the Head Master was Mr.
Robert John Horniinan. who afterwards had a successful
school of his own,

REV. JOHN McGARVIE.

In the year 1826 another minister arrived from
Scotland to help Dr. Lang, viz., the Rev. John McGarvie,
D.D., who was born in the year 1795, at Glasgow,
and studied at Glasgow University. Before leaving
Scotland, this young minister was ordained as minister of
Portland Head by the Presbytery of Glasgow, and on
arrival he went up to the Hawkesbury, and ministered
there for two years. Owing to the rapid growth of
Sydney, Dr. McGarvie then accepted an urgent invitation
to start a second congregation there, commencing and
continuing to hold services in the Court House until
1834, when the foundation stone of St. Andrew's Scots
Church was laid amid considerable public interest, in
what was then the main artery of the town.

MINISTERS TO HELP DR. LANG.

In 1 83 1 Dr. Lang returned to Sydney, bringing
three ministers with him, viz. : the Revs. John Gregor,
John Cleland, and Kirkpatrick Dickson Smythe. These
were located as follows : — Gregor at Maitland, Cleland
at Portland Head and Pitt Town. Smythe at Bathurst.
These four, with Dr. McGarvie, formed themselves
in 1832 into a Presbytery, the first of its kind in
Australia. But a Presbytery whose members were so
widely scattered, w'hose jurisdiction extended from
Hobart on the one hand to Port Phillip on the other, was
evidently not in a position to meet often or transact much
business. In 1833, a Declaratory Act was passed by the
Church of Scotland definini: her attitude towards ministers

8 PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN AUSTRAIIA

of the Church in the Colonies, and authorising them to
form themselves into Presbyteries, but claiming a certain
jurisdiction over them — a claim which led to no small
amount of conflict in future years. In 1834 the Rev.
John Hill Garven, M.A., arrived from Scotland, through
the influence of Dr. Lang.

SIR RICHARD BOURKE'S CHURCH ACT.

In 1836. a still more important Act was passed, known
as Sir Richard Bourke's Church Act. This Act, while it
had the merit of recognising the equality of religious
rights, embodied principles which eventually led to its
overthrow. It was an attempt to amalgamate State aid to
religion with the voluntary principle. No one Church
was to be endowed to the exclusion of the others. The
leading religious denominations were to be endowed
indiscriminately, and on the principle of equality.

The main conditions in accordance with which the aid
was to be dispensed were : —

1. That whenever a sum not less than ;^300 shall have been

raised by private contributions towards the building of a
church or chapel or minister's dwelling, the Governor, with
. the advice of the Executive Council, be authorised to issue
from the Colonial Treasury any sum, not exceeding the
amount of such private contributions, to the extent of
^1,000 in aid of the undertaking.

2. Stipends to be issued to officiating ministers in the following

ratio, viz. : —

If there be a resident population of 100 adults subsciibing
a declaration of their desire to attend the church or
chapel of such minister, ^100 per annuiu.
If 200 adults, ^150 per annum.
If 500 adults, p{^200 per annum.
A discretionary power was given to modify the conditions in
certain cases. Trustees were to be appointed of the several
properties, and free sittings to be reserved in every church
or chai)el, to the extent of one fourth of the whole, for the
use of poor persons.
This Act was hailed with .satisfaction in the Churches,
and the Presbyterians adopted an Address to the

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

THE SCOTS CHURCH, SYDNEY {Exterior and l„tenor)

With Bronze Statue of Dr. Lang in Wynycrd Square, Sydneu Plate 7

THE INITIAL STA(;E 9

Governor congralulating him on ihe spirit of impartial
justice which the Act displayed, and expressing; their
thankfulness lor the extension of privileges heretofore
denied t<j them.

DR. LANG'S THIRD VISIT TO BRITAIN.

The progress which was being made in all
departments, the growth of population, and the better
prospects which were being opened for teachers and
preachers, induced Dr Lang to })ay another visit to the
mother country. He sailed for Britain in 1836, and
travelled through Scotland and Ireland holding meetings,
giving addresses, publishing information regarding the
colony and its resources, setting forth its attractions and
urging its claims, the result being that he succeeded in
awakening a lively interest in the colony, and in its
religious condition and requirements. The fruit of his
mission soon became apparent. Four ministers preceded
him on liis return, viz., James Allan, Irving Hetherington,
William Hamilton, and John Tait, while others followed.
Before the arrival of these brethren, and durinof the
absence of Dr. Lang, the Presbytery had applied to the
Legislative Council tor a TemporaHties Act, which was
passed on the 9th September. 1837. It is entitled " An
Act to regulate the teniporal affairs of Preshytei-iaii
C/mrc/ics and Chapels connected ivith the Church of
Scotland in the Colony of New South Jl^ales." The
earliest official record of a meeting of Presbytery now
extant is that of November 2nd, 1837, which was held in
St. Andrew's Church, Sydney, the ministers present
being the Revs. J. McGarvie, J. Cleland, and j. Allan,
with Messrs. Smith and Joiinston, elders. At that
meeting, three calls were submitted — one from Patrick's
Plains (Singleton), in favour of the Rev. L Hetherington;
one from Goulburn, in favour of the Rev. W. Hamilton ;
and one from Ilhiwarra, in favour of the Rev. J. I'ait. These

lo PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN AUSTRALIA

calls were all sustained and given effect to. The Presby-
tery had now become entrenched in a position of power.
The Presbyterian Church, represented by the Presbytery,
had received legal recognition, and the Presbytery
became invested with the sole authority to certify for
the payment of State salaries to ministers of the
Presbyterian Church.

RETURN OF DR. LANG.

On the 3rd December of this year Dr. Lang returned
from his trip, bringing with him eight ministers and four
probationers. He had been planning in his own mind
how this large clerical force could be best disposed of,
and he felt eager to have them all located in suitable
spheres with as little delay as possible, and their right to
the salaries provided by the State recognised. He was,
in consequence, greatly disappointed to find that,
according to the terms of the Declaratory Act of the
Church of Scotland, only ministers settled in charges
could be admitted as members of Presbyteries, and only
on the certification of the Moderator of the Presbytery
could the salaries of Presbyterian ministers be paid. A
special meeting of Presbytery was called to consider the
situation. Seven days were spent in hot disputation, but
the Presbytery would not yield, and determined to adhere
to the rule.

FIRST DIVISION, AND SUBSEQUENT RE-UNION.

Thereupon Dr. Lang and the newly-arrived
ministers who sympathised with him determined to
organise themselves into a separate body. This they
did on the iith December, 1837. The name of the
body so formed was Tiik Synod of New South Wales,
its standards being essentially those of the Church of
Scotland, and its authority over all connected with it
supreme, no appeal from its jurisdiction being tolerated
to any Church or Churches beyond seas.

THE .INITIAL STAGE ii

The new Synod started on its work with much vigour,
having Dr. Lang as its Moderator, The following minis-
ters adhered to it: — The Revs. J. D. Lang, John Dougall,
G. Anderson, James Fullerton, Hugh R. Gilchrist,
Cunningham Atchison, Robert Hlain, Robert Stewart,
]\L Colquhoun, and William Mclntyre, together with
I\h". James Smith, elder of Scots Church. They were
disposed of as follows: — Lang, Dougall, and Mclntyre
to Sydney ; Anderson to Muswellbrook ; Blain to
Maitland ; Fullerton to Windsor and Richmond ;
Gilchrist to Campbelltown and Liverpool ; Atchison to
Parramatta, and Colquhoun to Brisbane Water.

The Synod was divided into three Presbyteries : —
Sydney, Windsor, and the Hunter River. The two
German missionaries brought out by Dr. Lang, and
located at Moreton Bay, were made members of the
Presbytery of Sydney. A meeting of the Synod was
held on May ist, 1838, when the Moderator stated
that, in an interview with the Governor, His Excellency
was pleased to express to him his desire that some
plan might be devised of effecting a Union of the
Presbytery and the Synod; whereupon a series of resolu-
tions was passed, declaring that such union was desirable,
and that a joint committee of four members of each body
should be appointed, with full power to arrange the
Union. The Presbytery at first declined to accede to
the proposal for union; and the Synod, finding that the
salaries for its ministers could be obtained only through
the Presbytery, and feeling much aggrieved by this
restriction, proposed that Dr. Lang should proceed to
Britain, and endeavour, by conference with the authori-
ties, to have this wrong rectified. To this proposal he
acceded. But meanwhile, a conference having been held
between certain members of the Presbytery on the one
hand and certain members of the Synod on the other, a

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN AUSTRALIA

series of resolutions was adopted by the Presbytery,
and these having been approved by the Synod, it
was deemed unnecessary that Dr. Lang should proceed
to Britain.

FORMATION OF THE SYNOD OF AUSTRALIA.

It is not necessary to go into all the details of the
negotiations for effecting the union : it is sufficient
to say that, after full discussion of all the principles
involved, a Bond of Union was at last agreed on, and the
consent of all parties concerned having been obtained,
and an Act passed to give legal sanction to the Union, on
the 5th of October, 1840, the ministers and elders
who were members of the Synod of New South Wales,
and the ministers and elders who were members of
the Presbytery of New South Wales, met in St.
Andrew's Church, Sydney, and constituted the Synod
OF Australia, in connection with the Established
Church of Scotland.

The parties entering into this Union were the

following : —

JOHN McGARVIE
k. D. SxVlYTHE
JAMES ALLAN
IRVING HETHERINGTON
WILLIAM HAMILTON
JOHN GREGOR
JAMES EORBES
GEORGE ANDERSON
WILLIAM ROSS
COLIN STEWART
I GEORGE MacFIE

fJOHN DUNMORE LANC;
JAMES I'ULLERTON
HUGH R. (;ILCHRLST
CUNNINGtHAM ATCHISON
ROBERT BLAIN
WILLLVM McINTYRE
ROBERT STEWART

IMATTHEW ADAM

Members of thic

Presbytery of
New South Walks.

Members of the Synod
OK New South Walks.

THE INITIAL STAGE 13

It may be mentioned tliat when the terms of Union
had been arranged, but prior to its consummation, Dr.
Lanor left on another expedition to the mother country.
In 1 84 1 he returned from his wanderings, which had
been extended to America. He had travelled over eleven
of the American States, and had gathered much valuable
information as to the methods employed for the support of
the Ministry and \ arious other matters of ecclesiastical
and educational importance. The Bond of Union which
the others had signed having been submitted to him, he
signed it, and was admitted a member of the Synod.
Attention having been called to the fact that two
ministers were labouring in Parramatta, viz., Messrs.
Allan and Atchison, and one being deemed sufificient, both
were withdrawn. In Maitland also two were located,
Messrs. Blain and Gregor, and there being room for only
one, both were withdrawn. The result of this action on
the part of the Svnod was that Messrs. Allan and Gregor
withdrew from the Presbyterian, and joined the Episcopal
Church. The Rev. J. Gregor for years thereafter conducted
a school in West Maitland, where several old colonists of
standing were educated. When on a holiday trip to
Brisbane, he was drowned whilst bathing. The Rev. J.
Tait was transferred from Wollongong to Parramatta,
and the Rev. C. Atchison went to Wollongong.

SYNOD OF 1841. A NATIVE MINISTRY.

At the Synod which met in October, 1841, the Rev.
John Tait was elected Moderator in succession to the Rev.
Wm, Mclntyre,and tlie Rev. Dr. Fullerton was appointed
Clerk. At this meeting an overture was submitted by
Dr. Lang, setting forth the need of taking steps for the
training of a native ministry, indicating a curriculum of
study through which candidates for the ministry should
be required to pass, and suggesting that arrangements
might be made for reviving "The Australian College." and

14 PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN AUSTRALIA

for imparting through it the education required, should
the Synod be pleased to sanction that course. The
collapse, however, of the Collecje. and the fruitlessness of
the efforts put forth to resuscitate it, precluded the hope
of carrying out that idea.

DR. LANG'S JOURNEYS. ADMONISHED BY COMMISSION.

In order to extricate the College from its embarrass-
ments. Dr. Lang paid a visit to Port Phillip and Tasmania
to solicit help. He received encouraging promises of aid,
but on his return events occurred which altered the
whole complexion of affairs. He learned that some of his
brethren were displeased with his proceedings, and that
some members of his congregation complained of his
being so long absent from his pulpit. At a meeting of
the Presbytery of Sydney, held in the Scots Church on
the 5th January, 1842, a memorial from certain members
containing such complaint was read and considered. An
additional complaint was made, that on a certain Sabbath
during his absence the pulpit was occupied by a well-
known licentiate of the Church of Scotland, who, it was
said, had been refused admission by the Presbytery.
The Presbytery was pleased to attach such importance
to these complaints as to refer them to the Com-
mission of Synod, which court had now been instituted.
The Commission met and considered them, with the
result that they severely admonished him to guard
against such complaints in future. Dr. Lang naturally
felt very indignant that, after all he had done both
for the Church and the colony, he should receive so
little consideration at the hands of his brethren. The
ungrateful treatment he had received brought to a head
the dissatisfaction with the existing state of things which
had been gradually gaining force in his mind, and
determined him to take a step on which for some time
.he had been meditating.

THE INITIAL STAGE 15

DR. LANG AND VOLUNTARYISM.

His visit to America, and his opportunities of observing
the working of the Voluntary System for the maintenance
of religious ordinances, had led him to look with favour
on that system ; and, while on the one hand his sympathy
had been drawn towards the Voluntary System, the
conviction had been day by day growing stronger in his
mind, that the system of indiscriminate endowment of
religion which prevailed in the colony was wrong in
principle, and ought to be abolished. Such being his
views, he, on the 6th February, 1842, delivered to his
large congregation an address, in which he stated that
the Presbyterian form of Church Government was. he
believed, the true apostolic form, but, "despairing of the
cause of God in the colony, at least through the
instrumentality of the Presbyterian Church as at present
constituted, I have resolved, after mature deliberation,
to resign the pastoral charge of this Church and
congregation, and to seek some other held of Christian
exertion where my services will be better appreciated,
and my honest and self-denying efforts for the building
up of our Zion be met with the friendly and cordial
co-operation of Christian men."

'' I intend," he said, "to devote the remainder of my
life towards the building up of our beloved Zion in the
neighbouring colony of New Zealand," without either
soliciting or receiving support from the State. The
announcement caused no small ferment in the congre-
gation, and its members strongly remonstrated against
such a procedure. In reply to a letter from Dr. Ramsay,
of Dobroyd, the senior trustee, he informed them that he
was not unwilling to remain in this colony as the pastor
of the Scots Church, provided they would agree to
renounce connection with the State, and also with the
Synod of Australia in connection with the Established
Church of Scotland. A meeting of the trustees, elders,

1 6 PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN AUSTRAIIA

committee of management and congregation was then
duly called and held In the church, at which it was agreed
by an overwhelming majority to accede to these
conditions.

DR. LANG RENOUNCES CONNECTION WITH THE SYNOD.

He therefore sent a letter dated March ist, 1842. to
the Moderator of the Presbytery of Sydney, intimaiing
that he and his congregation had decided to renounce
all connection with the Synod. He concluded his
letter with these words : — " I beg at the same time to
Inform you that the trustees, elders, committee of
management and congregation, are determined to main-
tain their exclusive right to the church and the property
therewith connected, at all hazards, and against all
claimants whatsoever, saving and excepting the rights of
the parties to whom the church Is still indebted for Its
erection, in testimony whereof I beg hereby to Inform you
that the use of the church can no longer be allowed for any
further meetings of the Presbytery of Sydney."

A letter was at the same time sent to the Governor
stating that, from the close of the current quarter, it would
not be necessary to Issue salary as heretofore from the
Colonial Treasury for the minister of the Scots Church,
all claims for such salary in future being hereby
renounced. Having been formally cited to appear before
the Presbytery, he paid no attention to the citation, and
the case was referred to the Commission of Synod. The
Commission met on the 7th April, suspended Dr. Lang
from the exercise of the ministry, and instructed the
Presbytery to proceed against him by process of libel, and
refer the fmal decision to the annual meeting of the Synod
in October. At that meeting Dr. Lang attended, but
refused to appear at the bar. He desired to be Informed
whether there were any charges to be brought against
him, arising out of circumstances prior to the 6th

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH, SYDNEY (Exterior and interior)

With Portrait of the Rei'. Or. John McGaruie, Founder and First Minister Plate S

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

AN HISTORIC CHURCH {Na. ,,0 more)

And Its founder. The Rev. Dr. Fullerton

Plate 9

THE INITIAL STAGE 17

February, and when answered in the negative, he said :
*' In reference to all charges preferred against me in your
Court, founded on circumstances and events occurring
either on or after the 6th February last, when I publicly
renounced all connection with the State, and with this
Synod as a State Church in this colony, I have to say
that I decline your jurisdiction." He then took his hat
and walked off, and so did all the strangers present
except two or three.

DEPOSITION OF DR. LANG AND ITS ISSUE.

The libel w^as then taken up accusing him of slander,
schism, and contumacy. He had called them '• a
synagogue of Satan," and declared that they were
actuated by a spirit of hostility towards him which
could have emanated only from the Father of Evil. It
was moved that his resignation be accepted. It was
moved as an amendment that he be deposed. Three
ministers and one elder voted for the motion. Seven
ministers and one elder voted for the amendment, and
sentence of deposition . was passed accordinglv. Dr.
Lang had made up his mind to disregard their sentence,
and to continue his ministry as heretofore, and much
sympathy with him was felt and expressed throughout
the colony. The Church which had become one, was
thus again split in twain, and the work of effectivelv
extending it throughout the colony was greatly hindered

Chapter II.
THE SYNOD OF NEW SOUTH WALES.

Before proceeding to narrate the future course of the
Synod of Australia, it will be well to sketch briefly the
fortunes of Dr. Lang and the party adhering to him in
the new position which he had taken up. A large
congregation still continued to wait on his ministry.
Shortly after his withdrawal from the Synod of Australia,
he delivered in the School of Arts, Sydney, three lectures
on the impolicy and injustice of religious Establishments,
or the granting of money for the support of religion from
the public treasury. He expatiated on the merits of
the Voluntary System, as exemplified in the United
States of America, and maintained that State aid to
religion in Australia was as unrighteous as it was
unnecessary. The proposal to abolish State aid to
religion was one, he said, which might be expected to
encounter strenuous opposition. The struggle might be
a violent one, but it was a struggle for liberty of
conscience, and for the freedom of the Christian Church.
The contest might be prolonged and keen, but let the
enemies of civil and religious freedom remember that
" Freedom's battle once begun,

Betiueathed from bleeding sire to son,

Tho' baffled oft is ever won."
A meeting of the congregation of Scots Church was
held for the purpose of forming a " Society for the

ACTIVITY OF DR. LANG 19

maintenance and extension of Presbyterian ordinances
throughout the colony." The Society was constituted
accordingly, and a committee of thirty-six members
chosen to carry out its objects. This Society continued
in active operation for many years, and rendered valuable
assistance, financially and otherwise, in organising and
establishing a Presbyterian Church in the colony,
entirely free and unconnected with the State. Shortly
thereafter a large public meeting was held in the
Independent Church, Melbourne, and a stirring address
delivered by Dr. Lang in advocacy of the Voluntary
System, with the result that a committee of twenty
members was appointed to put forth a strenuous effort to
obtain ministers from the mother country, and help
forward young men to the ministry in the colony. A fund
was at the same time started for the purpose of providing
salaries for such ministers as might choose to connect
themselves with the movement which Dr. Lang had
inauj^urated.

ACTIVITY OF DR. LANG.

The three years that followed his separation from the
Synod of Australia were years of unceasing activity on
the part of Dr. Lang; he preached, lectured, and issued
addresses and letters, availing himself of every opportu-
nity of promoting the cause he had espoused, and of
delivering the Church from what he viewed as the
thraldom of State connection. In 1843 he had been
elected to represent the District of Port Phillip in the
Legislative Council of the colony. This placed him in
a position of great influence, which he continued to hold
till the close of the first Session of the Council in 1846,
when he left the colony for Great Britain.

Before leaving, a public meeting of Presbyterian and
other Protestants was held in the Scots Church, at
which a resolution was passed calling attention to the

2 0 SYiVOn OF NEil' SOUTH JFALES

alarming growth of Popery and Puseyism in the colony,
due largely, it was believed, to the existing system of
indiscriminate endowment of religion ; and expressing a
conviction that the onlv effectual remedy for this
unsatisfactory state of things was the abolition of the
system and the entire separation of Church and State.
The conereg^ation agreed to grant leave of absence for
two vears to Dr. Lang, and to pay him such salary as the
revenue of the congregation would admit of.

LITERARY WORK.

Dr. Lang arrived in Britain in the end of 1846, after
a voyage of nearlv six months' duration. The leisure
thus obtained was turned to good account for literary
work. He had been for a considerable time revolving in
his own mind the idea of a separation of the northern
and southern portions of the territory of New South Wales,
and the formation of two distinct and independent
colonies ; and, before starting on his voyage, he had
travelled largely both north and south, with the view of
ascertaining for himself the capabilities of these regions,
and had gathered a large amount of information
regarding them. During his voyage he had written two
volumes, which were afterwards published under the names
of " CookslancC and '' Phillipslaud" He also published a
pamphlet entitled "'Popery in Australia and the Southern
Hemisphere, and How to Check It." He also called
attention to the fact that the colony was being flooded
with Roman Catholics from the south and west of Ireland,,
through the system of free immigration which was in
operation, and that the numbers thus introduced were
out of all proportion to the numbers arriving from
England and Scotland. He contended that the
Government aid to immigration should be dispensed on
the proportionate principle ; and his contentions bore
good fruit in due lime. He laboured hard to draw

ACTIVITY OF DR. lANG 21

attention to Australia, and to excite an interest in it as
a field for emigration, and his labours were not in vain.
As the result of his efforts, a stream of immigration of a
superior description began to flow into the colony, which,
while conferring great benefit on the colony, proved the
road to fortune in the case of many of the immigrants.

DR. LANG AND IRISH HOME RULE.

Among other publications at this time, was a Letter
addressed to the Right Hon. Lord John Russell, having
as its title : ''Repeal or RevohUion, or a Glimpse of the
h'ish Future." In this letter he advocated with great
force of language and argument the cause of the Irish
people, in demanding the Repeal of their Legislative
Union with Great Britain, and the re-establishment of their
own National Legislature. Things, he said, which had
fallen within the sphere of his own observation and
experience, had led him to this conclusion. It is
interesting to find that Gladstone's Home Rule measure
was not a new idea, but one that had been propounded
long before by the father and founder of Presbyterianism
in New South Wales.

DR. LANG'S APPEAL FOR MINISTERS.

Durine: his visit to the Home Counlrv Dr. Lanpf
appealed to the United Presbyterian Church, and also to
the Free Church — whose ministers were maintained by
the voluntary contributions ot the people — to aid him in
his endeavours to establish a Church on the V' oluntary
Principle in Australia. But his appeal failed to enlist the
sympathy of these Churches, as such. His publication,
however, and his address, led not a few, both clergymen
and laymen, to think favourably of Australia as a land for
settlement, and resulted in further additions being made
to the clerical force in our colony, among them Rev.
Wm. Ritchie, of the Secession Church, who was in due
time settled in Yass, where he did good work.

2 2 SYNOD OF NEW SOUTH WALES

Dr. Lang returned to the colony in January, 1850^
bringing with him a number of ordained ministers, and
young men in various stages of preparation for the
ministry. A complete list of the band of students
brought out by Dr. Lang in the ship Clifton was
supplied by the late Rev. Patrick Fitzgerald not long
before his death, and we give this interesting list in the
Appendix. In addition to the young men named in
this list, there came in the Clifton with Dr Lang the
Revs. J. Gibson, C. Odell, and J. Anderson.

FORMATION OF SYNOD OF NEW SOUTH WALES.

The number of ministers now adhering to Dr. Lang
was deemed sufficient to warrant the formation of a Church
in accordance with the principles for which he had been
contending. Accordingly on the 3rd of April, 1850, a
meeting- of ministers and elders was held, and a basis was
prepared embodying the principle of the voluntary
support of the ministry ; and a Synod was constituted,
under the designation of The Synod of New South
Wales, consisting of the following : — John Dunmore
Lang, D.D., William Ritchie, and Barzillai Quaiffe,
ministers ; and Messrs. Thomas Clark and James S.
Smail, elders. On the same day, in the evening, the
Rev. John Gibson, formerly a missionary in Jamaica^
and who had come out with Dr. Lang from England,
was admitted a member of the Synod, and sent to
labour on the Clarence River. Three candidates for
the ministry were licensed, viz. : Mr. William Ridle}-.
B.A., of the University of London, Mr. Lorenzo Lodge,
of London, and Mr. F. Goethe, of Coblenz, in Rhenish
Prussia. Mr. Lodge had been a member of the United
Presbyterian congregation in London, of which Dr. Archer
was minister, and came out in the Clifton with Dr. Lang.
After license he was sent to Ipswich, Moreton
Bay, where he laboured for a short time, returning
to Newcastle, where he had mueh encouragement,,

THEOLOGICAL EDUCATION 23

till the end of 1852, when his health broke down,
and he went to Tasmania. When strength was restored,
Mr. Lodge found it necessarv to turn to a secular calling;
but he has exercised his gifts in the pulpit more or less
regularly during all these years, and has also been for
fifty years an earnest adyocate of Temperance, and for
thirty-fiye years has edited a Temperance paper, llie
People s F7'icud. He is still alive, and at eighty-two
years of age is able to do some Church work.

THEOLOGICAL EDUCATION.

Messrs. Ridley and Goethe were retained for the work
of Theological Education in Sydney. The Australian
College was still carried on as a Theological institution
by selected members of the Synod, viz : the Revs. W.
Ridley and F. Goethe, also the Rev. B. Quaiffe, who,
with his congregation, had been admitted as a con-
stituent part of the Synod. At various dates during
the remainder of the year, David Blair, Walter Robb.
and Gottfried Wagner were licensed and ordained
— and John Simon Christian Handt, German missionary,
was received into the fellowship of the Synod. In
December of that year John McGibbon and J. T.
Carter were licensed ; and in the following year, Patrick
Fitzgerald and Alexander Black were licensed and
ordained, the former being sent to Wagga Wagga and
the latter to Murrurundi. Mr. Black had been an
Assistant to the Professor of Mathematics in Madras
College, St. Andrew's, Scotland, in which University of
his native town he studied Arts. He received his
theological training in Dr. Lang's Australian Theological
Hall, under the Doctor and the Rev. Barzillai Quaiffe.
For nine years Mr. Black did unselfish pioneer work
at Murrurundi, resicjninor in i860,

DR. LANG'S ELECTION TO LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.

In September, 1 85 i , Dr. Lang was elected as one of the
two representatives of Sydney in the Legislative Council.

24 SYNOn OF NEIV SOUTH WALES

A new Electoral Act having been passed and the Council
dissolved, a General Election under the new Constitution
followed, when Dr. Lang was re-elected for the city of
Sydney and placed at the head of the poll by a large
majority. He did not, however, take his seat, but
resigned, and embarked for Europe, via Cape Horn, on
the 15th February, 1852.

FOUNDING OF THE VICTORIAN CHURCH.

The separation of Port Phillip from New South Wales,
in 1850, was followed by a severance of the ministerial
brethren labouring in Port Phillip from ecclesiastical
connection with the Church in New South Wales.
We might claim it as an honour belonging to this, the
mother Church, that from her went forth the man — the
Rev. James Forbes, M.A. — who became the first Presby-
terian minister settled in \^ictoria. The Rev. James Clow,
indeed, preceded him, a most worthy and devoted man,
who did good service before the arrival of Mr. Forbes,
but he declined to accept the charge of a congregation. To
Mr. Forbes, in conjunction with him, belongs the honour
of having founded, by his zealous labours, the Presbyterian
Church of Victoria. Mr. Forbes was a graduate of
Aberdeen University, and arrived in this colony with
Dr. Lang in 1837. ^^ ^'^^ ^^"^ twenty-three years of age,
his health by no means robust, and his experience not
large, but he possessed a rare combination of qualities
that admirably fitted him for the important and diflficult
work which devolved upon him. He had an intense
spiritual energy of character and dauntless courage of
heart, an inextinguishable love to Christ and apostolic^
devotion to His work, which carried him steadily forward in
his appointed path, and he never for one moment shrank or
swervtrd from the task winch had been assigned him to do.

CHANGES.

Several changes occurred during Ur. Lang's absence.
The congregation which had been formed at the corner

WOOLI.OOMOOLOO JWRISIl J'ORMED 25

of Pitt and Bathurst Streets, Sydney, joined that of the
Scots Church ; the Rev. J. T. Carter resigned his connec-
tion with the Svnod, and Mr. Handt joined the Episcopal
Church, while Mr. Wagner was declared to be no longer
a member of the Synod. Mr. Gibson left the Clarence
for Balmain, and ultimately resigned his connection with
the Synod. Mr. W. Chaucer was licensed and ordained,
and settled on the Lower Hunter.

At the meeting of Synod in 1854, Dr. Lang, having
returned, took his seat as a member of Svnod. He
stated that a section of his congregation, including a
large portion of the Committee of Management, had
combined in a resolution to force on him, the senior
minister of the congregation, the acceptance of a young
minister of their choice as co-pastor, and that he had
■considered it his duty to withstand the overbearing
assumption of this party ; that the result had been the
secession of most of the Committee of Management,
with many of the members of the congregation. The
result of this secession was the formation of a new
congregation in Woolloomooloo, with the Rev. John
McGibbon (afterwards LL.D.) as its pastor, and both
pastor and people connected themselves with the Svnod
of Australia.

THE REV. WILLIAM RIDLEY AND THE BLACKS.

At the meeting of Synod, the Rev. W. Ridley made the
following interesting statement :— " About a year ago he
had been led to resolve on devoting his time and strength
to an attempt to convey the Gospel to as many as
possible of those colonists who are so far in the interior
as to be beyond the labours of settled ministers, and, if
possible, to the aborigines." In pursuit of this design he
had made three tours to the districts of the Feel, Xamoi.
Bundarra, and Barwon Rivers, and in the course of these
tours, had travelled 3,500 miles. {Vide further reference
to Mr. Ridley, under head of '" Mission to Aborigines").

26 SYNOD OF NEW SOUTH WALES

With marvellous self-denial Mr. Ridley sojourned among
the blacks, and companied with them until he had
acquired such proficiency in their language, the
Kamilaroi, that he could make known to them the saving
truths of the Gospel. He composed a hymn of praise in
their tongue, and made some progress toward the
formation of a grammar, but, after two or three years, he
had to abandon the mission from lack of support.

The Rev. Dr. Robert Boag, having left the Synod of
Australia, was admitted into the Synod of New South
Wales, and became co-pastor in the Scots Church, and
afterwards started the Hyde Park Seminary. The Rev.
James Collins, from the North of Ireland, was admitted and
ordained as minister of a congregation in Pyrmont. The
Rev. Robert Miller, who had been a missionary for some
time in Africa and thereafter in India, was admitted and
ordained and sent to the Clarence River, but died shortly
afterwards.

THE REVS. WILLIAM RITCHIE AND THOMAS BELL.

The Rev. W. Ritchie, who had laboured with much
acceptance in Yass, died in this year, much regretted.
He was abundant in labours, a faithful, fearless preacher^
yearning for the spiritual weal of his people, a
consistent Christian, and a loyal friend. He was called
awav ripe in vears and in faith. To this day he is
renu'inbered lovingly in the parish of Yass.

Mr. Thomas Bell, a student, who had come to the
colonv in quest of health from the United Presbyterian
Church of Scotland, under the auspices of Dr. Lang, was
licensed and ordained, and sent to Brisbane. There he at
first became minister of the United Evangelical Church, and
afterwards of the first United Presbyterian Congregation
in Queensland, for which a site was purchased and a
church built, through his efforts, in Creek Street, Brisbane,
in 1859. This property was, about itS85, sold for a large

ARRIl'AL OF THE REV. JOHN REID 27

sum, with which a valuable site was purchased, containini^
a manse, and on which the present magnificent church
of St. Paul's — one of the finest belonging to any Church
in Queensland — was erected. The Rev. Thomas Bell had
to retire shortly after the Creek Street church was built,
owing to ill-health, and died in October, 1859, leaving
behind a much-cherished memory.

Dr. Lang always took a great interest in the Germans
scattered throughout the colonies, and ordained several
missionaries to labour among them.

REV. JOHN REID.

Dr. Lang reported to Synod that the application which
had been made to Scotland for a colleague to himself, had
failed, but he had the hope of securing the Rev. John
Reid, an ordained minister of the Church of Scotland
labouring in Victoria, a man of experience and of much
ability, w^ho, before coming to Australia, was successivelv
minister of the parishes of Bathgate and Johnstone in
Scotland, and of a congregation in Liverpool, England.
In Victoria he was minister first of Essendon and
then of North Melbourne. Mr. Reid, the father of the
recent Federal Premier (the Right Hon. George H.
Reid, P.C.. K.C.), became in due time Dr. Lang's
colleague ; and under his ministry the congregation
prospered greatly. Mr. Reid subsequently became
minister of the Mariners' Church in Sydney. He died
on the 1 8th July, 1867, aged 67, and was buried —
alongside many Scots who have done much to advance
Australia — at Rookwood. He is still held in affectionate
regard bv manv throughout Australia, and his children
and grandchildren, both in New South Wales and
Victoria, revere his memory, and are staunchly attached
to the Church of their fAthers.

About this time, the Affiliated College question, and
the Union question, began to be agitated, and a
committee of the SvhikI was appointed to co-operate

^8 SYNOD OF NEW SOUTH WALES

with other Presbyterians in the effort to get a college
erected. The College enterprise will be afterwards
referred to. At the Synod meeting in i860 Dr. Lang
referred to the attempt made by the Synod of Australia
to oust him from the trusteeship of the Scots Church
property, which had ended in failure. The Privy
Council, to which an appeal had been taken, decided
in Dr. Lang's favour, and the whole costs of the
prosecution, both here and at home, fell on the
Synod.

DEPOSITION OF DR. LANG RESCINDED.

When the Synod of Australia deposed Dr. Lang, the
sentence passed on him was sent home to be confirmed
by the Presbytery of Irvine, by which he had been licensed
and ordained. The Presbytery, without examining the
case for themselves, and without giving the accused an
opportunity of defence, confirmed the sentence, a
procedure which was clearly 71/tra vires. Dr. Lang
therefore presented himself before the Presbytery of
Irvine and clearly showed that, beyond all question, it
had acted in a wholly irregular and unconstitutional
manner and had inflicted on him a grievous wrong. He
therefore demanded that this illegal act and deed should
be rescinded, and that his status as a duly ordained
minister of the Church of Scotland should be affirmed
and duly recognised. As the case had been referred to
the Presbytery by the Colonial Committee of the Church
of Scotland, the Presbytery declined to rescind its finding
without the permission of the General Assemble Dr.
Lang applied in due form to the General Assemblv. who
simply dismissed the application, whereupon Dr. Lang,
after consulting with friends of high standing in the legal
profession, directed an action for*reduction and damages
to be instituted against the Presbytery of Irvine in the
Court of Session, the Supreme Court of Scotland. The
result was that the General Assembly hastened to reverse

DR. LANG AND T/fE SYNOD 29

its previous finding, and directed the Presbytery of Irvine
to rescind its unwarrantable decision and reinstate Dr.
Lang in his proper status as an ordained minister of the
Church of Scotland. On condition of its doing so and
paying all the expenses that had been incurred, he agreed
to forego his claim for damages. This second victory
which Dr. Lang had won over the Synod of Australia,
with the heavy expenses involved, was not calculated to
increase the affection with which the Synod had come to
regard him. Dr. Lang having been asked by the Synod
of Australia whether he would be willing to submit
matters still at issue between him and the Synod to the
consideration of certain disinterested parties, who should
declare their opinion as to what course they would recom-
mend, it was mutually agreed that the Rev. Dr. Steel
of the Free Church, the Rev. Adam Thomson of the
United Presbyterian Church, and N. D. Stenhouse, Esq.,
Solicitor, of the Presbyterian Church, Balmain, should be
the referees in the case, and these gentlemen having
taken the matter into consideration, virtually expressed it
as their opinion that the proceedings of the Synod of
Australia towards Dr. Lang in 1842 were unwarranted
and ought to be rescinded. The sentence of deposition
was afterwards rescinded, but Dr. Lang was not re-
admitted as a member of the Synod.

The Rev. John Reid, on his acceptance of the position
of the Mariners' Church, having resigned his connection
with the Synod of New South Wales. Dr. Lang was left
without a colleap-ue. But Rev. Georoe Graham, M.A.. a
minister of the United Presbyterian Church in Stornoway,
who had come to Australia on the reconimendation of Dr.
Lang, now became his^ colleague.

SYNOD OF 1864.

The annual meeting of the Synod was held in the
Scots Church on 2nd November, 1864, Dr. Lang

30 SYNOD OF NEW SOUTH WALES

being Moderator, and the Rev. P. Fitzgerald, Clerk.
Several transpositions of ministers had been effected,
and the following new arrivals : — The Revs. W. F. Reid,
Vincent G. Williams, J. Paterson {licentiate of Presbytery
of Dunoon), and James Martin, had been received. It
was found that a great change had taken place in the
strength of the Svnod within the past twelve months.
Whereas in 1863 there had been nine ministerial members,
now there were only four. The Rev. Thos. Kingsford had
been transferred to the Queensland Church, he becoming
minister of Warwick, Darling Downs, in 1851, where he
remained until 1870, when he resigned owing to ill-health,
but resided in Warwick till October, 1881, when he
died in his 82nd year. The Rev. J. Paterson had returned
to Scotland; and the Rev. V. G. Williams, of Murrurundi.
and the Rev. James Collins, of Grafton, had died. The
Rev. George Graham, junior pastor of the Scots Church,
had gone to Queensland, where, on the 27th November,
1864, he was inducted as the second minister of the
important parish of Maryborough, Gayndah, and Dun-
dathu. During his ministry a church building was
commenced at Maryborough, and another was erected
at Dundathu. On account of ill-health, he resigned in
January, 1866, carrying with him to Victoria substantial
tokens of esteem. The Rev R. S. Paterson had been
invited by Dr. Lang to come to the colony, and had
arrived a few months before. Mr. Paterson was a
regularly ordained minister of the United Presbyterian
Church of Scotland, and had been for four years
pastor of a church in the Orkney Islands. He
was advised not to identify himself with any one of the
sections of the Presbyterian Church, but to remain
unattached till the expected Union of the Churches had
been accomplished. This advice he and his congregation
at Pyrmont were pleased to act upon.

STEJ'S TOWARDS UNION 31

The subject of the Union of the Churches having
again come under consideration, it was moved, seconded
and agreed to that the Moderator and Clerk, with tht- two
elders resident in Sydney, be appointed as a Commission
of Synod empowered to take action in the matter of
Union, should any necessity arise for their so doing.

The Commission met on the 15th day of November,
1864, and adopted the following minute : — " Communica-
tions having been received by the Commission from the
Rev. James Cameron, M.A.. interim clerk of the Synod
of Eastern Australia, respecting Presbyterian Union, and
inviting the Commission to confer thereanent, and such
Conference having been held on the loth day of
November, 1864. and subsequent days, the Commission
resolve, with a view to enter into a general and
comprehensive union with all Presbyterians in the colony
holding the Westminster Confession of Faith and other
standards of the Presbyterian Church, to dissolve, in the
name of the Lord Jesus Christ, the above Synod of New
South Wales."

SYNOD OF NEW SOUTH WALES DISSOLVED.

A Deed of Dissolution having been prepared and
duly signed by the members of the Commission, the
Synod of New South Wales was, in pursuance of the
resolution which had been adopted to that effect, declared
to be formally dissolved. It had been brought into
existence in the year 1850, eight years after Dr. Lang's
separation from the Synod of Australia. It thus extended
over a period of just fourteen years. Dr. Lang was
well aware that in starting a Church on the voluntary
principle, in a colony where the Presbyterian element
formed but a small proportion of the population, and
scattered over so wide a territory, he was imposing on
himself an arduous task; and he found it so. The
difficulty was increased by his having to contend with
the competition of the larger body, which was liberallv

32 SVxVOI) OF NEW SOUTH WALES

aided by the Government. The worst trouble ot all was
to find suitable men for the ministry. There were few
available in the colony. The appeal to the Home
Churches had awakened no response. In these circum-
stances we can well imagine that the pressure of need
may have sometimes tempted him to lay hands on those
of whose competency and suitability it would not be easy
for him to feel fully assured. The Synod of New South
Wales formed a somewhat miscellaneous company.
There were good men and scholarly men among them,
but. taken as a whole, they could hardly be designated
a strong Church. At the time of the Union the numerical
strength of the body had so declined, that the Synod
consisted of little more than the Moderator and Clerk^
their respective Elders, and congregations.

Chapiek III.

THE SYNOD OF AUSTRALIA

In Connkction with the Church of Scotland,

FROM THE Secession of Dr. Lang in 1842

TO THE Union in 1865.

The Svnod in 1842 comprised twenty minisrers
settled in charges, while twenty substantial churches had
been erected. This included the brethren labouring in
Victoria. These, till now, had been members of the
Presbytery of Sydney ; but, in this year, the Presbytery
of Melbourne — consisting of Cwa ministers, namely :
James Forbes, Andrew Loye, Thomas Mowbray,
Alexander Laurie, and Peter Gunn — was disjoined from
the Church of New South Wales.

The Synod had now grown into a strong and well
organised body, receiving salaries from the State for its
ministers and teachers, grants of land as sites for
churches, manses, and schools, and pecuniary assistance
for the erection of buildings. A Committee on Church
Extension had been appointed, and a Committee also on
Missions to the Heathen. The Synod was now in a
position to prosecute its work with yigour. Of the
first Synod, the Rey. John Tait was Moderator. He
\yas succeeded by the Rey. William Mclntyre, and

34 SYNOD OF AUSTRALIA

Mr. Mclntyre by the Rev. William Hamilton. At the
meeting of Synod in 1843, the Rev. Dr. Fullerton
was chosen Moderator.

THE DISRUPTION IN SCOTLAND.

The Ten Years' Conflict which had been going on in
Scotland had been watched with much interest by brethren
in the colonies, and the issue was waited for with no small
measure of anxietv. It was not till within a few days of
the meeting of Synod in October, 1844, that the tidings
of the Disruption of the Church of Scotland in MaA'.
1843, reached the colony. It was felt that an event so
momentous would necessarily have an important bearing
upon the Church in the colonies ; but, as the tidings were
so recent, and the time available for the brethren to
make up their minds so short, the Synod did not feel
itself prepared to take action in regard to this matter,
so no Deliverance was adopted, and no reference made
to this grave business.

An Overture on the subject of making provision for
the training of candidates for the ministry was ordered to
be sent down to Presbyteries, and inquiries were made as
to the condition and working of the several churches
connected with the Synod. Mr. J. S. White, who had
been studying for several years with a view to the
ministry, applied to be received, and the Presbytery of
Sydney was instructed to take him under its superin-
tendence. Two ministers were in the course of the year
received from Scotland : the Rev. Wni. Ross. M.A.. settled
first at the Paterson, afterwards at Goulburn ; and the
Rev. Wm. Purves, settled first at Port Macquarie. and
afterwards at East Maitland. The Synod was doing its
best to maintain the schools under its jurisdiction in as
great a state of efiiciencv as possible ; but, as the
National system of education which had been introduced
was viewed with favour, and as the denominational

ESTABIISlfED OR FREE CHCRCHl 35

schools were being gradually superseded bv the national,
the Synod felt that the need for maintaining separate
schools of their own had passed away.

A BURNING QUESTION.

In due time, communications were received both from
the Established Church and from the Free Church of
Scotland, asking for an expression of sympathy, and
making offer of support, if such sympathy should be
expressed. As it had thus become necessary to come to
some decision, the Rev. Wm. Hamilton moved, and the
Rev. Dr. Fullerton seconded, a Deliverance to the following
effect : " That thev desired to maintain friendlv relations
with both Churches, and would accept gladly whatever
aid might be extended to the Synod ; and that, whilst
the designation of the Synod as /// connection imth the
Established Church of Scot laud d\A not imply any idea of
Erastianism, or of subjection to foreign jurisdiction, vet.
lest it should give rise to misapprehension of their
position, the said designation should be changed, and
steps taken immediately to obtain the sanction of the
civil government to the change."

The Rev. Dr. McGarvie moved as an amendment :
■• That the Synod did not deem it necessary to alter its
designation or to abandon its connection with the
Established Church of Scotland." A second amendment
was moved by the Rev. John Tait, and seconded by the
Rev. Wm. Mclntyre. to the effect that "the Synod did not
feel warranted in maintaining the same close connection
as heretofore with the Established Church of Scotland,
nor in retaining a designation which was calculated to
misrepresent them ; that thanks be tendered to the Free
Church for her generous offer of assistance, and express
their willingness to receive any aid she might be able to
render." The second amendment was put against the
first and carried. The second amendment was ihen put

36 SYA^On OF AUSTRALIA

against the motion, when the motion was carried by a
majority of three. For the motion there voted Messrs.
Hamihon, Eipper, Atchison, Gilchrist, Fullerton. Adam,
Mowbrav, Hetherington, ministers ; and Mr. John Stewart,
elder. For the second amendment : Messrs. Tait, Forbes,
Mclntyre, Blain, CoHn Stewart, ministers ; and George
Bowman, elder; Messrs. McGarvie, McFie, and Purves^
ministers ; and Mr. Anderson, elder, declining to vote.

EFFECT OF SYNOD'S DECISION IN SCOTLAND AND HERE.

Copies of the Deliverance then adopted were sent to
the Moderators of the Home Assemblies. The result
was that the Established Church intimated to them that,
if they adhered to the Resolution sent, they would be
cut off bv the Church and deprived of all the privileges
they enjoyed in virtue of their connection with the Church
of Scotland ; while the Free Church plainly told them
that they must be either off or on. and that the milk-and-
water resolution adopted could not be regarded as
satisfactory. The hope was at the same time expressed
that upon further consideration they would be enabled to
bear faithful testimony to the truth. These replies did
not come to hand till after the annual meeting of the
Svnod in October, 1845. In the meantime preparation
was being made for application to the Legislature to
sanction the change of designation. When the Synod
met in October, the Rev. Wm. Hamilton moved, and the
Rev. Thomas Mowbray seconded, that a Committee be
appointed to prepare a Draft Bill for legalizing the change
of designation. The Rev. Dr. McGarvie moved, and the
Rev. Robert Stewart seconded, as an amendment : "That
it is not expedient at present to apply to the local Legis-
lature for any change of designation of their Synod." A
second amendment was moved by the Rev. Wm.
Mclntyre, seconded by the Rev. John Tait, to the effect
that "as the present designation of the Synod of

ESTABLISHED OR EKEE Cfri'RCIfl 37

Australia, as in connection with the MstabHshed Church
of Scotland, clearly implies a decided though indirect
acquiescence in the submission made bv the Church of
Scotland to the encroachments made on her Constitution
and spiritual independence by the State, a submission of
which the Synod disapproves, it is then^fore resolved that
the Synod change its designation and that it be callt^d
the ' Synod of New South \\\iles.' and that a committee
be appointed to prepare a bill for giving effect to the
rt^solution." This amendment was put against the first
amendment, and carried, and then against the motion
and carried, eight declining to vote.

THE DRAFT BILL.

The Draft Bill was in due time prepared bv the
committee appointed for the purpose, and a special
meeting was held on the 20lh ol Mav to consider it. At
that meeting it was moved bv the Rev. C. Atchison and
seconded by the Rev. Dr. McGarvie : — "That the Synod
do not think it necessary in the meantime to proceed fur-
ther with the consideration of the bill now presented, and
they hereby relieve the committee of their duties in this
respect." It was then moved by the Rev. Wm. Mdntyre,
and seconded by the Rev. Colin Stewart as an amendment:
*'That the Synod receive the Report now submitted, and
proceed to examine the draft of the bill embodied in that
report, with the view oi making any amendment it mav
■deem necessary." The amendment was carried by the
casting vote of the Moderator. The bill Avas then
considered, several amendments made, and it was
resolved to defer any further examination ot it until the
next annual meeting of the Synod.

SYNOD OF 1846.

The Synod met on the 7th October, 1846. The
^question of the proposed change of the Synod's desig-
nation was then taken up, whereupon it was moved by

38 SWYOD OF AUSTRALIA

the Rev. Wm. Mclntyre, and seconded bv the Rev. CoHn
Stewart : " That the Synod resolve itself into a committee
to revise the Draft Bill, that it may be immediately laid
before the Legislative Council, and that the Moderator
be instructed to notify in the Government Gazette the
result of the application."

The Rev. Dr. McGarvie moved, and the Rev. Robert
Stewart seconded, the following amendment : — " That it is
not necessary to proceed further in the consideration of
the change of designation, and the committee appointed
thereanent are hereby relieved of their duties in this
matter." The Rev T. Mowbray moved, and Mr. Barker
seconded, another amendment, which, after setting forth
a statement of principles, and expressing a desire to
co-operate with all faithful and evangelical Churches
throughout the world, concluded as follows: — "That
inasmuch as the present designation of the Synod is
known to be offensive on various grounds to a great
portion of its ministers and members, and is apt to
convey to others an erroneous view of its position, and is
thereby calculated to hinder that union and co-operation
which it is the earnest desire of this Synod to secure and
maintain, they resolve that, instead of the clause * in
connection with the Established Church of Scotland,' the
words ' adhering to the Westminster Standards,' be
substituted." He further proposed that the necessary
steps should be taken to get legislative sanction for this
change of designation. When this second amendment
was put against the first amendment, the first was carried
by nine to eight, and when the first amendment was put
against the motion, the amendment of Dr. McGarvie was
carried by nine to five. The voting was as follows : —
For the motion — Messrs. W. Mclntyre, John Tail, and
Colin Stewart, ministers, and Dr. Hill and Mr. Martin,
elders. For the first amendnumt (Dr. McGarvie's) Drs.
McGarvie and P'ullerton, Messrs. C. Fipper, W. Ross,

RESIGNATIONS 39

R. Stewart, and \V. Purves, ministers, and Messrs.
Whytlaw, Ferrier, and H. McMaster, elders. For the
second amendment : Messrs. Mowbray, Hamilton,
Hetherington, Blain, Adam, and McFie, ministers, and
Messrs. Kellnian and Barker, elders.

EFFECTS OF SYNOD'S DECISION.

The effect of this division was that the desigrnation
of the Svnod was to remain unchanged and that the
connection with the Established Church of Scotland
continued as heretofore. Against this decision Messrs.
Mowbray and Hamilton protested. Mr. Mowbray had
been called from Campbellfield. Port Phillip, to Svdnev,
and was inducted into the temporary Presbyterian Church
in Macquarie Street, in June, 1845. After a brief ministry
in Sydney, the Rev. Thomas Mowbray, for health's sake,
removed to Moreton Bay, and became the main instru-
ment in starting the Presbyterian Church in what is now
the State of Queensland. The Brisbane suburb of
Mowbravtown is named after him. Mr. Mowbray was
a good and able man, and was held, deservedly, in
high esteem.

The Rev.W. Hamilton resigned his charge at Goulburn.
and his connection with the Svnod of Australia. He
travelled overland with his familv to Port Phillij) (now
Melbourne) in a drav, 500 miles through the pathless
forest, having for companv some squatters who were
proceeding to Port Phillip to take up stations there. He
arrived with his family all safe in the beginning of 1847.
and shortly thereafter settled at Kilnoorat, where he
laboured in the ministry twelve vears, unconnected with
any denomination, and at length, in 1859. he joined the
Presbvterian Church of \ ictoria. He was greatlv re-
spected.

FOUNDING OF FREE CHURCH IN AUSTRALIA.

On the loth of Ot'tobcr, i S46, the dav after the division
in the Svnod, thr Rc\ . Win. Milntvre read a Protest which

40 Sy^^OD OF AUSTRALIA

was signed by himself, the Revs. John Tait and Colin
Stewart, and Mr. Samuel Martin, elder. The Protest was
laid on the table, and then thev withdrew and proceeded
to a house in Hunter Street, where thev constituted them-
selves, in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, a Court of
His Church, the Church to bear the designation of " The
Presbyterian Church of Eastern Australia," and its
supreme court : "The Synod of Eastern Australia." While
these brethren were protesting in Sydney, the Rev. James
Forbes did the same in the Melbourne Presbytery, which
had not yet been severed from the Synod of Australia,
and by his Protest started the Free Church in the colony
of Victoria.

The decision of the Synod of Australia to adhere to
its connection with the Established Church of Scotland
having been transmitted to Scotland, a reply was in due
time received in the following terms : " The Assembly
are much gratified to learn that the Synod of Australia
have, by a large majority, resolved to maintain their
connection with the Established Church of Scotland, and
the Assembly hereby cordially renew their relation with
the Synod of Australia, to offer such friendly advice as
is in their power."

The Free Church party received letters of sympathy
and encouragement fr^m the Colonial Committee of the
Free Church of Scotland.

The Free Church secession was followed by sundry
ministerial changes : The Rev. William Ross was translated
from the Paterson to (loulburn, which had become
vacant.

REV. IRVING HETHERIIMGTON.

The Rev. Irving Hetherington, of .Singleton, after
ten years' service in New South Wales, was translated
to the Scots Church, Melbourne, where he was inducted
on 13th func, i<S47, as successor to the Re\ . James
Forbes, M..-\ , who had demitled And formed a Free

NEW SOUTH WALES MINISTERS WHO WENT TO VICTORIA

Plate 10

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF NEW SOUTH WALES

NEW SOUTH WALES MINISTERS WHO PIONEERED THE
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF QUEENSLAND

Plate 11

RE j\ /A' J vxd HE r/rE/ux(; TO.v .i.vn (^ tiie rs 4 1

Church congi\'i^ati()n. Mr. Hethcringion at once- became
a prominent figure in the Church Hfe of Victoria, and his
€ongre<(ation increased, so that the church had to be
•enlarged in 1849. ^^*^ foundation stone of the present
Scots Church — one of the chief ornaments of the titv ot
Melbourne — was laid by Mr. Hetherington on ist April,
1873, and was opened on the 29th November, 1874. also
by Mr. Hetherington. Mr. Hetherington was earnestly
Evangelical, was assiduous in attending to his pastoral
duties, and was equally diligent in forwarding the general
work of the Church in Presbytery and Assembh'. He was
also a devoted leader in the negotiations which resulted
in Union among the various Presbyterian Churches
in Victoria, and at the first meeting of the United Synod
in April, 1859, Mr. Hetherington took by far the most
prominent part. In i860 he was appointed Clerk of
Assembly. Jn 1869 he accepted nomination and became
Moderator of the Victorian Assembly. As senior minister
of Scots Church, and a prominent man on committees and
in Church courts, he was in harness till the end. His
faith in his Saviour was simple and strong, in life and in
•death — which took place on 5th July, 1875. A Memoir
of the Rev. 1. Hetherington was published in 1876 by
the Rev. F. R. M. Wilson, and is of historical as well as
personal interest.

The Rev. J. S. White, who had recently been licensed
by the Maitland Presbytery, was ordained in 1847 as the
minister of Singleton ; the Rev. R. Stewart resigned his
charge at Newcastle, and retired to Sydney ; and
Messrs. .■\ngus Mackav, fohn Kinloch, M.A.. John
Stewart, and James Fraser were studying for the ministry,
•under the care of the Sydney Presbytery. The lack of
ministers was much felt, and the Synod had great
difficulty in meeting the demands for a supply of
ordinances. At the meeting of Synod in 1850 two
ministers were received, who proved a valuable accession

42 SlWOl) OF AUSTRALIA

to the strength of the Synod : The Rev. James Coutts,
M. A., and the Rev. J. B. Laughton, B.A. Mr. Coutts had
been selected and ordained in Scotland for Parrainatta.
He was cordiallv welcomed by the Presbyterians of that
town ; and during his ministry, a handsome stone church
and a substantial manse were built.

Mr. Laughton, who was ready for license before
leaving Scotland, and who brought a certificate from the
Presbytery of Dumfries, having parsed through his
" trials " satisfactorily, was licensed by the Presbytery of
Sydnev. Having received a call from the Presbyterians
of Carcoar, he was duly inducted and laboured there for a
few vears. The Rev. Christopher Eipper, having previously
removed from Braidwood to the Paterson, demitted his
charofe there and retired. The Rev. Wm. McKee, licensed
by the Presbyterv ot Belfast in 1847, arrived in 1849,
was ordained as minister of Port Macquarie, and after-
wards translated to Campbelltown.

DISCOVERY OF GOLD IN AUSTRALIA.

In the vear 1851 an event occurred which caused
great e.xcitement throughout the Australian colonies — the
gold discoverv. The rapid and extensive influx of
population which resulted from this discovery caused na
small perplexity to the Churches. How to supply
ordinances to the thousands and tens of thousands that
poured into the colonv was a problem hard to solve. An
appeal was made for help to the Church of Scotland, but
the IJisruption had left so manv pulpits to be filled that
she could afford but lit lie help. The General Assembly
(^f the Presbyterian Church of Ireland was appealed to.
and the appeal was productive of better results. A
considerable number ol superior young men were sent
out. Of these, some went to Victoria, and some became
chaplains in the goldfields. The Rev. Thomas Craig, who
was settled at Kssendon, Victoria, was called to
Parrainatta in this colonv, and laboured there for several.

REVS. .\rORRfSON, NELSON, AND McU A Rl'IE 43

years, and was afterwards sfttled at Tamworth. In 1852
the Svnod met in St. Andrew's Church. Svdnev. the
Rev. James Coutts being Moderator, and the Rev. H. R.
Gilchrist, Clerk. The Rev. John Morrison, of New
England, was this vear the onlv new minister added to
the Roll, in September of this vear, Mr. Gilchrist died
at Campbelltown, much and deservedlv lamented.

In 1853 the Synod met and tluTt- was a full
attendance. A Mission to the Heathen was instituted.
and a committee was appointed to start a periodical, to
be called the Christian Herald. Windsor and Campbell-
town were attached to the Presbytery of Svdney. Of this
meeting of Svnod. the Rev. C. Atchison was Moderator,
and the Rev. James Coutts, Clerk.

SYNOD OF 1854. ARRIVAL OF REV. DR. NELSON.

In 1854 the Synod met in East Maitland. The Rev.
J. B. Laughton was Moderator ; and the Rev. J. Coutts.
Clerk. At this meeting the Rev. J. H. Garven. who had
been ordained at Campbelltown as minister of Shoal-
haven, took his place as a member, also the Rev. f. T.
Carter, minister at the Manning River. The Rev. \Vm.
Leckie Nelson. LL.D. (father of the Right Hon. Sir Hugh
Nelson, P.C.. latelv Premier of Queensland, and now
Lieutenant-Governor) — a native of Kilmarnock, who had
studied for the ministrv in the Universitv of Edinburgh,
being licensed in 183Q. and thereafter inducted to the
parish of North Esk. Scotland — arrived in S\dnev.
Having been appointed in Scotland to Moreton Bav. he
was inducted by the Svdnev Presbyterv to the pastoral
charge of Ipswich, Queensland, on 30th .A.ugust, 1853.
and he now took his seat as a member of the Synod — the
Queensland brethren being still connected with the
Church of New South Wales. This vear the Synod
had to mourn the death of the Rev. Dr. McGarvie, who
arrived m S\(lne\' three vears alter I)r. Lang, and had

44 SYNOD OF AUSTRALIA

been a leading member of tlie Synod, a prominent
and influential citizen, a steady friend and supporter
of every charitable and benevolent institution, a constant
friend of the poor, and a man much esteemed bv his
attached congregation and by his brethren of the
Synod. He died on the 12th April, 1853, leaving
St. Andrew's church, Sydnev, as his monument.

The congregation which had been formed in
Woolloomooloo, Svdnev, was received into the Svnod,
and Dr. McGibbon. having been called as their pastor,
was ordained over them according to the laws of the
Church.

At this meeting there was a movement made with a
view to a union of the Presbyterian Churches holding the
Westminster Standards ; and a committee was appointed
with instructions to request a conference with a committee
to be nominated by the Moderator of the Synod of
Eastern Australia, and to propose, with said Synod, a
union on the basis of their standards.

The Rev. James Coutts was appointed editor of the
Christia}! Hcra/d, in succession to the Rev. Dr. FuUerton;
and it was resolved to appropriate J^ 100 for Synod
expenses, as follows: — ;^20 each for Moderator and
Clerk, £\o for printing, and ;^,"5o for lodging of members
of the Synod.

NEW ARRIVALS. SERVICES OF REV. WM. PURVES.

At an adjourned meeting of Synod held in this year,
a considerable number of new arrivals were heartily
welcomed by the Synod. The Rev. John Dougall. an
ordained minister of the (Church of Scotland, was
received and settled in St. .Andrew's Church in Sydney ;
the \Kv\. lulward Holland, a .Missionary of the London
Missionary Society, was admitted and settled at Port
Macquarie ; the Re\ s. Robert Boag and Peter Gordon,
from the United States, were also admitted; the

ARRIVALS AND DEJWRTCRES 45

Rev. Alexander McKwen. licensed and ordained by the
Presbytery of Coupar, in Scotland, after labouring for a
time as Chaplain in the Western Cioldlields, was called
to Mudgee. and settled there; the Rev. James Milne,
M.A., an ordained minister of the Church of Scotland, was
appointed to labour at North Shore, and was afterwards
settled at Paddington. The name of the Rev. A. S.
Pennvcook was alsf) added to the roll of the Sviiod, he
having come to New South Wales through the efforts of
the Rev. William Purves. to take the Chaplaincy of
the Southern Goldfields. The Rev. Wm. Purves, who
had been appointed in 1852 as delegate to the Church of
Scotland, received the cordial thanks of the Synod for
the eminent service he had rendered. The thanks of the
Synod were also recorded to the Colonial Committee of
the Church of Scotland, for their liberality in contributing
towards the outfit and passage of seven ministers, who
had arrived in the colony.

Tlie gold discovery having had the effect of enhancing
the cost of living to the ministers of the Church, as well
as of diminishing their congregations, the Government
generously increased the salaries of married men byj^25.

Leave of absence for eighteen months was granted to
the Rev. K. D. Smythe, of Bathurst ; and the Rev. J. B.
Laughton. having resigned his charge at Paterson,
agreed to act as Mr. Smvthe's substitute during his
absence. The Rev, Wm. Ross, of Goulburn, also
obtained leave of absence for a year, to visit his friends
in Britain. In 1856 no addition was received to the
ministerial staff, but in the beginning of the following
year, the Rev. Duncan Ross, an ordaihed minister of the
Established Church of Scotland, arrived and was settled
in Muswellbrook. The years that intervened between
1 86 1 and the consummation of the Union were years of
quiet work, but were not remarkable for any great
forward movement. The Rev, J, B. Laughton was

46 SYXOD OF AUSTRALIA

constrained by ill-health to ask leave of absence that he
might take a sea voyage and visit his friends in Britain.
He found a suitable substitute in the Rev. R. Hogg, who
had retired recently from the charge of Horsham,
in X'ictoria.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF QUEENSLAND FORMED.

in the vear 1863 the brethren in Queensland united
and formed themselves into a separate and independent
Church, and of this the Church of New South Wales
cordially approved. The roll of the first Synod was
made up as follows : — The Revs. Thomas Mowbrav.
Charles Ogg, ]()hn Wilson, Samuel Wilson, Alexander C.
Smith, G. M. Reed, and James Love, with Messrs. D.
Mc Alpine and James Bryden, elders. The Synod remained
the Supreme Court of the Queensland Church from 1863
to 1868, of which the Moderators were the Revs. S.Wilson.
Thomas Mowbrav. I)r William L. Nelson, Charles Ogg,
James Love and Matthew McGavin. The General
Assembly was constituted in 1869, the Rev. Alexander
Caldwell being first Moderator. The task given to the
Church in the vast State of Queensland is enormous,
iind is beinji; undertaken in the face of great diffi-
culties, with courage, resolution and encouraging tokens
•of success.

MINISTERIAL MOVEMENTS.

The Rev. (. Coutts, M.A., having been translated from
Parramatta to Newcastle, the Rev. Thomas Craig, of
Essendon, Victoria, was chosen to succeed him. and
was dulv inducted into the charge. The Rev. Wm. Baker,
who had been a missionary in the South Sea Islands,
was received as a minister of the Synod, and was soon
after settled at Yass. In the beginning of 1863. the Rev.
Matthew Adam, of Windsor, was called away to his rest,
l^'or twentv-five vears he had laboured faithfully and
acceptal)lv. He was greatly beloved bv his people and
■esle(^med by his brethren and all who knew him. He

NEGOTIATIONS FOR UNION 47

•was succeeded by the Rev. David Moore, B.A., from
Inglewood, Victoria. Mr. Moore still survives as senior
minister of Campbelltown, an hoiKJured father of tlie
Church.

Shoalhaven having become vacant through the
resignation of the Rev. J. H. Garven, the Rev.
Wilham Mitchell, late of Kilmore. Victoria. was
chosen to succeed him, and was duly mducted into
the charge ; but shortly thereafter, the Rev. Cunningham
Atchison, of Wollongong. having received a call from
certain Presbyterians at North Shore, resigned his
charge, and Mr. Mitchell succeeded him as minister
•of Wollongong. The Rev. T. Craig, of Parramatta,
having in the beginning of 1865 received a call trom
the Presbyterians at Tamworth, accepted it, and was
translated by the Presbytery of Maitland in due form.

Negotiations for union having been opened with the
Synod of Eastern Australia, the chief business of the
Church was now to prepare for the consummation of that
much-desired event. A special meeting of Synod was
held in June, to have a final conference with the .Synod
of Eastern Australia. The closing Act and Declaration
Avas prepared and adopted, also a Form of Declaration of
the Union to be made bv the Moderator.

An account of the Union negotiations and of the
consummation of the Union will be found elsewhere in
the History.

Chaptek I\\
THE SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA.

In 1842 several families, including twenty-two
communicants, seceded from the Scots Church and
formed themselves into a separate spiritual society. They
found a home first in Macquarie Place, but by-and-by
settled down in an old Wesleyan Chapel opposite the
Roval Mint in Macquarie Street. In 1846, the majority
of this congregation decided to adhere to the principles
of spiritual independence, and cast in their lot with the
Free Church of Scotland. There was thus a Free Church
Congregation in Sydney before the Colonial Disruption
and the formal inauguration of the Svnod of Eastern
Australia.

The three ministers, namely : The Rev. William
Mclntyre, the Rev. John Tait, and the Rev. Colin
Stewart, with Mr. Samuel Martin, elder, who withdrew
from the Synod of Australia, on the loth day of October,
1846, met on the same day in an upper room in Hunter
Street, and resolved to form a separate and independent
Church, to be called " The Presbyterian Church of Eastern
Australia," and constituted themselves the Governing
Court of that Church, under the designation of " The
Synod of Eastern Australia."

FORMULA ADOPTED.

On October 12th, the Synod thus constituted met
again and adopted the following Formula to be signed by
the ministers and elders that would join the Church : —

"We, the undersigned ministers and elders of the
Presbyterian Church, under the sj)iritual superintendence

FREE CHURCH PRINCIPLES 49

of the Synod of Ausiralia in connection with the
r^stablished Church of Scotland, do hereby declare our
concurrence in the Protest, whereof a copy is hereunto
affixed, taken on the 9th dav of October, and iaid on the
table of the same Synod on the day following, and now
i£ive in our adherence to the Presbyterian Church under
the superintendence of the Synod formed by those who
took that Protest and denominated the Synod of Eastern
Australia."

The Protest referred to is a somewhat lenj^thy
document, but that chiefly against which the Protest bore
was the decision of the Svnod to retain the designation of
"The Svnod of Australia in connection ivith the Established
Church of Scot/and." The retainincr of this connection
was held by the protesters as equivalent to an
homologating of the principles in which the Established
Church of Scotland had practically acquiesced, principles
\vhich were regarded as subversive of the spiritual
independence of the Church, and incompatible with the
doctrine of Christ's sole and sovereign Headship over
His own Church.

The Synod expressed its disapproval of the scheme
of indiscriminate endowment prevalent in the colony,
and refused to apply for aid under that scheme. It was
resolved to institute a Fund for the maintenance of the
ministry, similar to the Sustentation Fund of the Free
Church of Scotland. This was done accordingly, and
the first distribution was made in October, 1847, when
each of the ministers received £^6 i8s. At this meeting,
Mr. Robert Taylor, student for the ministry, and repre-
sentative elder of the adhering Session of Jamberoo, was
received as a member and took his seat.

SYNOD OF 1849 IMPORTANT ACCESSIONS.

At the meeting of Synod in April, 1S49, the Rev.
George Mackie laid on the table Extracts of License and
Ordination from the Free Church Presbytery of Brechin,

50 SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA

and also a letter from the Colonial Committee of the Free
Church of Scotland, appointing Mr. Mackie to labour as
a missionary in Australia under the direction of the Synod.
Mr. Mackie was very cordially received, and appointed
to minister for a time to the Pitt Street congregation.
At the meeting of Svnod in October, 1849, the evidences
of growth began to appear. The Rev. Alex. Salmon, late of
Barrhead. .Scotland, was received from the Free Church
of Scotland, and along with him Mr. Arthur Sherriff. a
Student of Divinity of the same Church. Mr. Salmon
was forthwith inducted as Pastor of the Pitt Street
congregation ; and Mr. Sherriff was appointed to labour
in the district of Maiiland, and to prosecute his studies
under the care of the Rev. William Mclntyre.

SYNOD OF 1850-DEPARTURE OF THE REV. JOHN TAIT.

At the meeting of Synod in 1S50 two candidates
for the ministry applied to be received. These were Mr.
D. A. Sinclair, who had been a student at the University
of Glasgow; and Mr. William Lumsdaine, who had been
preparing for taking orders in the Anglican Church, but,
having become convinced that the Presbyterian form of
Church Government and the doctrines of the Westminster
Confession were in accordance with the Word of God, had
applied to be received by the Synod. They were both
received, and a course of study prescribed for them for
the next half year.

A call from the Presbyterians at Moreton Bay was
addressed to the Rev. John Tait, but he declined it. \x\
effort was made to start another congregation in Sydney,
and to secure Mr. Tait as its pastor; but Mr. Tait, in a
letter to the Moderator, intimated that he had resolved to
leave the colony, and to join i\w. Pree Churcli in Victoria
— in which .State he took a position of prominent
usefulness, his influence being det^Dly felt in the
neirotiations for uniting the divided sections of the

REVS. (;. MACKIE AXD If. A'OSS McLEOD 51

Presbyterian Church in \'ictoria; and he was appointed
the first Clerk of the General Assembly of Victoria. He
•died in i860. The Rev. (leorge Mackie havin<r resigned
the office of Clerk of the Synod, Mr. Arthur Sherriff was
unanimously chosen in his stead, and was subsequently
licensed and ordained as minister of Clarence Town, on
the Williams River, and adjoining districts. Two students,
Mr. Irving, from Maitland, and Mr. \\'ard, from Illawarra,
were examined and received as students of divinity.

REV. WALTER ROSS McLEOD.

Mr. Walter Ross McLeod, a student of divinii\- from
the Free Church of Scotland, who had been sent out with
a view to his labouring at Moreton Bay, was licensed and
ordained for that sphere of labour. Before going he
supplied the Rev. Alexander Salmon's pulpit for two
months, to permit of his having a much-needed holidav.
Mr. McLeod was welcomed on 28th August, 185 1, as
the first settled Presbyterian minister in Queensland, his
parish including both North and South Brisbane I
Although Mr. McLcod's pastorate was short — his health
breaking down thirteen months afterwards — vet to this
day are living some who venerate his memory and bless
God for his saintly character and McCheyne-like ministry.
He retired to the pastoral station of his sister, Mrs. D. C.
McConnell — so long one of the most earnest workers in.
-and supporters of, the Presbyterian Church in Queensland
— until January, 1854, when he returned to Scotland,
where he died.

MR. GEORGE BOWMAN'S LIBERALITY.

The Rev. A. Salmon made a gratifving statement re-
garding Richmond and Castlereagh. Mr. George Bowman
intimated his intention of making over to the Synod a church
which he had built at his own expense in Riclimond; and
at Castlereagh a gentleman had intimated his willingness
to hand over to the Synod an allotment of land with a

52 SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA

school-house erected on it. The Synod agreed to sanction'
the erection of Richmond and Castlereagh into a pastoral
charge, and Mr. Bowman, who had been a regularly
ordained elder of the Synod of Australia, was received as
representative elder, and admitted as a member of the
court. Messrs. W. Lunisdaine and D. A. Sinclair having
been Hcensed, Mr. Bowman laid on the table a call in favor
of Mr. Lumsdaine from Richmond and Castlereagh, signed
by fiftv-one members and ninety-eight adherents. Mr.
Lumsdaine, having accepted the call, was ordained in the
church in Richmond on the 12th of November, 1851.

Mr. Sinclair was appointed to labour for three months
in the New Enghind district. A periodical having been
started in connection with the Synod, entitled The
Voice in the IVi/deniess, the members were urged to do-
all in their power to promote its circulation.

At the meeting of Synod in May, it was intimated that
the Rev. D. A. Sinclair had been constrained by ill health
to leave the colony, and to proceed to Victoria, with the
view of labouring within the bounds of the Free Church
Synod there. It was also intimated that the Rev. W. Ross
McLeod had been informed by his medical adviser that
it was absolutely necessary for him to relinquish the
pulpit duties of the ministrv. The dividend from the
Sustentation Fund was gradually rising, £66 7s. 4d. being
paid to each of the seven ministers for the past half year.

URGENT NEED FOR MINISTERS.

The Synod was now divided into two presbyteries, the
Presbytery of Sydney and the Presbytery of Maitland.
The demand for additional Ministers becoming more
urgent, a vigorous effort was made to raise a fund for the
purpose of procuring men from the mother country. The
amount of ;f 1,405 was speedily obtained, and the Rev.
VV. Mclntyre was appointed to proceed as a delegate to-
Scotland, to assist in choosing ministers under the scheme,,
and to promote the interests of the Church generally.

ACCESSIONS AND PROGRESS 53

At the meetini^ of Synod in May, US53, the Rev.
William Grant, M.A. (afterwards D.D.), was cordiallv
welcomed and admitted as a member of the Synod. Dr.
■Grant, born at Nairn and educated at Aberdeen, was
parish minister at Tenandry before the DisrujDlion. After
th(.' nisruption, he was minister of the Free Church at
Moulin, and afterwards in St. Stephen's. Perth. The Rev.
Wm. Lumsdaine intimated that almost all the Presbv-
terians in the Penrith district were attached to the Free
Church, and, as a proof of their attachment, they had
sent a contribution of £^~,o i Ss. to the Sustentation
Fund. In the prospect of additional ministers expected
soon. Mr. Bowman offered to the Svnod a site for a
church at Singleton, and sites for a church, manse and
school at Muswellbrook ; and he was heart ilv thanked for
his liberality. The Sustentation Fund dividend for the
past half year had risen to ;^,83 i is. 4d.

ACCESSIONS FROM TREE CHURCH OF SCOTLAND.

At a special meeting' of Sxnod in July, 1853, the Rev.
Andrew Maxwell, sent out by the F^ree Church of
Scotland, was cordially welcomed and appointed to the
New Eno-land district, where he laboured successfullv.
until ill-health constrained him to resign his charge.
Having removed to X'ictoria. he was cordially \v(dcomed
by the b'ree Church Synod there. During his stay in \ew
England, the Presbyterians not only contributed liberally
to his support, but raised funds f(H" the erection of a manse
at Armidale and also for a manse at Wellingrove.

Later in the year, the Revs. Arthur Paul. Hugh
McKail,and Archibald Cameron, arrived with commissions
from the Free Church of .Scotland, and were cordially
welcomed. Mr. Paul laboured for a year in Svdnev with
the view of establishinof a second coniireo'ation there,
but the effort failed, and Mr. Paul removed to \'ictoria,
.and was settled soon after that in Richnn)nd for a vear.

54 SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA

and then in East St. Kilda, where he has been labouring-
ever since, and is held in ver\- high regard. Mr. Paul
did not see his wav to enter into the Union, and has
laboured since 1857 in connection with the Free
Presbyterian Church of Victoria. At the age of 71, Mr.
Paul published an expository volume on the Book of
Revelation. Mr, McKail was settled first in Wollongong,
and afterwards translated to Terry's Meadows and Shell
Harbour, and ultimately he removed to Victoria and
joined the Free Church there. Archibald Cameron,
having received a call from Wellingrove, was settled
there. The Rev. Wm. Grant, after itinerating for a year,
and having received various oHers of settlement, accepted
a call from Shoalhaven, and was duly inducted as the
pastor of that wide and important field.

A scheme for insuring the lives of all the ministers of
the Synod was adopted. The sum to be insured for
each minister was ^500, and a favourable arrangement
was made with the Australian Mutual Provident
Society for that end. Payment of the premiums was
made a hrst charge; on the Sustentation Fund, and
was paid prior to the half-yearly distribution of the
dividend.

MINISTERS SENT TO QUEENSLAND AND SOUTH
AUSTRALIA

The Rev. James Cameron, M.A.. the Rev. A, W.
Sinclair and the Rev. John Strachan Moir, arrived in
No\ember, 1853, commissioned by the Free Church of
Scotland, and were cordially welcomed. Mr. Sinclair went
to Moreton IJav, to which sphere he had been assigned^
being ordained at South Brisbane, to succeed the Rev. W.
Ross McLeod. Mr. Sinclair returned to New South Wales
some three years later. Mr. Moir went to South Aus-
tr.ilia, \vh(;r(' he became nnnistcr of Smith's Creek and
Gaulc!" Town, and was a incinbcr ot the first Presbyterv

MORE MINISTERS 55

formed in South Australia, the other two ministerial
members beino- the Revs. John Gardner and John
Anderson. He afterwards went to Victoria, where he
laboured for some time, first at Tarraville, Port Albert,
and then at Meredith, where he died.

The Rev. James Cameron had been ordained in
Aberdeen as the Free Church minister of Carcoar, and
proceeded to his sphere of laljour shortly after his arrival.
After a brief sojourn in the district, a call was forwarded
to Sydney, with intirriation that the adherents of the
Church in Carcoar would pay Mr. Cameron's passage
money from Scotland and assume the burden of his
support from the beginning of the year. He was
consetjuently inducted into the charge in the Pitt Street
Church, Sydney, on the 22nd February, 1854.

RETURN OF THE REV. WILLIAM MdlMTYRE, M.A.

The Rev. W. Mclntyre, the Synod's Delegate to
Scotland, returned toward the end of the year, and with
him came his l)rother. the Rev. Allan Mclntyre. late of
Paisley, and the Re\' James McCulloch, probationer of
thf Free Church of Scotland. Allan Mclntyre. Alex.
Mclntyre, and James McCulloch were appointed to labour
for some months within the bounds of the Presbytery of
Maitland. The church in Pitt Street being found
altogether inadequate to contain the rapidly increasing
congregation of the Rev. Alex. Salmon, it was determined
to provide larger accommodation. A new iron church was
accord in or] v ordered from Scotland, to hold 800 wor-
shippers. Thev secured a site, "beautiful for situation."
in Macquari(; Street, for ;j^,'2,o6o. In due time the church
was erected there, the whole establishment costing fully
;/^7,ooo ; but the congregation entered with a debt of only
;^,"2,ooo on their shoulders. The building was opened for
public worship by the Rev. Dr. Adam Cairns, of
Melbourne, in 1854.

56 SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTIN A LI A

PROGRESS IN SYDNEY.

The Rev. William Lumsdaine, after three years'
zealous labour in Richmond, resigned his chargfe and
accepted an appointment in Sydney as missionary with
Mr. Salmon's congregation. A movement had been
started to organise a congregation in the southern part of
the city, in connection with the Synod of Eastern Australia,
and Mr. Lumsdaine had been placed in charge of this
movement. A small hall, called Providence Chapel, in
Parramatta Street, Sydney, was secured as a temporary
place of worship. The attendance became so large that
the congregation felt warranted in addressing a memorial
to the Presbytery expressing their desire to be erected into
a pastoral charge. The memorial stated that they had
purchased a suitable site for a church, that the church
was in process of erection, and that the charge would be
a self-sustaining one. A call, signed by 119 members
and adherents, was addressed to Mr. Lumsdaine, which
was sustained, and Mr. Lumsdaine was inducted on
September 6th, 1856, in the Free Church, Macquarie
Street, Sydney.

THE REV. DR. MACKAY AND ST. GEORGE'S.

The idea of starting another congregation in Sydney
began to be entertained, and the idea gathered force from
the belief that the Rev. Dr. Mcintosh Mackay might
be induced to come to Sydney and become j^astor of the
new charge. Dr. Mackay had been parish minister of
Dunoon at the Disruption, and cast in his lot with the
r'ree Church. The miriisters who had been sent to the
colonies hitherto had been chiefly young men, and the
Free Church, deeming it prudent to send out some men
of experience, selected two. Dr. Mackay and Dr. Cairns.
Dr. Mackay was supposed to charge him.self specially
with looking after the interests of the Highlanders, and
no name was so great among them as his. An excellent
site was obtaiiKxl in Melbourne, and a large and

REVS. DR. MACKAY AND CHARLES OGG 57

'handsome church was erected ior Dr. Mackay, but the
•debt on it was so heavy as to leave little hope of the
congregation being able to provide an adequate main-
tenance for the minister'. In these circumstances it was
believed that Dr. Mackay might favourably entertain the
idea of coming to Sydney. The result was that a call
having been sent, it was accepted, and he took charge of
ahe infant congregation that was in process of formation.
A hall was secured in George Street and services
were commenced," and speedily a large and influential
congregation gathered around the Doctor, and steps
were forthwith taken for the erection of a church. A
suitable site was .secured in Castlereagh Street, and
plans procured of an elegant church. The estimated
cost was high, but the Doctor was strong in the belief
that the money could be raised. He counted on being
able to obtain a considerable proj^ortion of the money
himself, by a visit to the Home Country, and by an
aj^peal to his friends there ; and so the contract was
taken. The church was built, but the expectations
entertained as to the raising of the money lamentably
failed, and the consequence was a crushing debt at the
opening, of somewhere about ^^i 1.570. The result of
this deplorable mi.scalculation will appear in a subsequent
part of our History

REV. CHARLES OGG.

Mr. Charles Ogg, who had completed the curriculum
of study for the ministry prescribed by the Free Church
of Scotland, had, through the breaking down of his
health, to leave before obtaining license. Havinsj
regained his health, he applied to be taken on trials for
license. These proving satisfactory, he was licensed and
appointed to labour in the district of Gerringong. Kx. the
next meeting of Presbytery, Mr. Ogg reported that Mr.
Hindmarsh, J. P., of Olive Bank, had granted a portion of

58 SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA

eround as sites for church and manse, and headed the Hst
w ith a handsome donation. By the end of the year both
church and manse were completed, and Mr. Ogg, having
received a unanimous call, was comfortably settled as the
first minister of that charge. After labouring for several
vears with acceptance in Gerringong, Mr. Ogg, in 1856,
demitted and went to Queensland, where as the minister
of Ann Street Church, in Brisbane, he rendered good
service in developing the Presbyterian Church in that
State.

RICHMOND AND CASTLEREAGH.

The district of Richmond and Castlereagh having
been left vacant by the resignation of the Rev. W.
Lumsdaine, a unanimous call was addressed to the Rev.
James Cameron, of Carcoar (afterwards Dr. Cameron).
The Carcoar people resisted his removal, but the
Presbytery being of opinion that the uiajus bomim ecclesice
would be better served by his being brought nearer to-
Sydney, granted the translation. The charge was
enlarged by having Penrith and the district around
attached as an integral portion of the parish. The
induction look place on the 28th February. 1856.

At the Synod Meeting in 1856, Mr. George Bowman,
of Richmond, presented as a free gift to the Synod of
Eastern Australia a church in the town of Richmond,
built at his own expense; on part of his property, and he
laid on the Synod's table the Deed of Conveyance. The
Sustentation Fund dividend for the past half-year was
/,'ii4 6s. yd. (after paying premiums of life insurance),
furnishing gratifying e\idence that the Fund was year by
year growing in f ivour.

The Rev. .A. W . Sinclair, through failing health, was
constrained to resign his charge at Moreton Bay. He
supjjlied Richmond for a time in the absence of Dr.
Cameron, was thereafter settled at Bowenfels, and.
ukimat(?ly went to Victoria, where he died in 1889.

ARRIVALS AND A DIFFlCiLTY 59

\w 1857 the Rev. Simon F. Mackenzie, a probationer
of the Free Church of Scotland, arrived duly accredited
and was cordially welcomed. He was appointed to
Bowenfels, and was speedily called and settled there.

The Rev. George Mackie on his arrival in Sydney
in 1849 had sjapplied for some months and organised
the first congregation in Sydney in connection with
the F>ee Church of Scotland, remaining with it until
the arrival of the Rev. Alex. Salmon in October, 1849,
when he went to lUawarra, where he was inducted.
After labouring for seven years very successfully in
Kiama and district he resigned, went to Victoria., and
joined the Church there, in connection with which he
rendered distinguished service in the spheres he was
called to occupy at Horsham and South Yarra. Specially
at South Yarra did he become verv widelv known and
beloved. His unselfish zeal for Christ and His Church
are still often spoken of in the southern State.

CHALMERS CHURCH, SYDNEY.

In 1858 the condition of Chalmers Church congrega-
tion, Sydney, having been brought under the notice of
the Presbytery, it appeared that the congregation had
built a substantial stone church, but in doing so had
incurred a very heavy debt, and was, in consequence,
unable to provide an adequatt; maintenance for its minister.
Several conferences were held, and various plans
suggested for extricating the congregation from its
financial difficulties ; but the trouble was increased when
the Rev. \\\ Lumsdaine^ intimated that he had come to the
determination to resign his charge, and his connection
with the Synod of Eastern Australia. The matter having
been referred to the Synod, Mr. Lumsdainc; asked for
three months to reconsider the rea.sons for the step he
proposed to take. The Synod readily granted this, but
believing that ii would not be e\[)ediciu. after all that

•6o SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA

had happened, that Mr. Lumsdaine should continue as
the minister of Chahners Church the Presbytery was
instructed to dissolve the pastoral tie. and declare the
church vacant. Mr. Lumsdaine having opened negotia-
tions with the Anglican Bishop, was received into the
Anglican Church, in which he had been brought up.

ARRIVAL OF THE REV. DR. KINROSS.

In the latter part of the year, the Rev. John Kinross,
a probationer of the Free Church of Scotland, arrived,
duly accredited, and was cordially welcomed and appointed
to the district of Kiama and Jamberoo. A call speedily
followed, which he accepted, and was ordained and
inducted as the minister of that important charge, where
he soon won the lasting affection of his people, and did a
work of great value to the Church. On the death of the
Rev. Adam Thomson, he was appointed Principal of St.
Andrew's College, Sydney University.

In the following year, 1859. the Re\ . John L.
McSkimming arrived, a probationer of the Free Church
of Scotland, bearing a commission from that Church.
He was appointed to supply Chalmers Church, and having
received a unanimous call, was ordained and inductcnl
into that charge. He was a man of ability, and was much
esteemed for liis benevolent and l)r()therlv spirit, but
misfortune befell him, and he can hardly be said to have
sustained the promise of his earlier days.

REV. PATRICK SIMPSON.

Another addition was received that year in the person
of the Rev. Patrick Simpson, a licentiatt; of the Presbytery
of Dunoon, and commissioned by the free Church of
Scotland. He laboured for a time as assistant in St.
George's, Sydnev; and so acceptable were his ministrations
that an effort was mad(^ to start another congregation in
Sydney so as to retain his services in the colony, but the
effort failed and he went to Victoria. There he was

ARRIVAL OF THE RE I'. DR. J. S. LAING 6t

settled iirst at Belfast, whence he was translated, in 1862.
to Horsham, where he remained till 1868, when he
resigned, and, \\v believe, returned to Scotland. An old
parishioner at Horsham writes to us lovingly of Mr.
Simpson, of his delightful reading and vivid, arresting
preaching; and of Mrs. Simpson as "a most saintly
lady," whose name and character are yet a household
word in many homes in Horsham. Two sons of Mr.
Simpson are to-dav among the rising and gifted ministers-
of the United Free Church of Scotland — the Rev. P.
Carnegie Simpson, M..^., whose book, The Fact of
Christ, has been so widelv read and valued ; and the
Rev. Robert S. Simpson, M.A., who succeeded the
Rev. Dr. Walter Smith, author of Olrig Grange, as
minister of the Free High Church, Edinburgh, where he
exercises a notably spiritual and intellectual ministry.

Active church extension work was carried on that
year. The half-yearly dividend from Sustentation Fund
was £\\2.

PROGRESS.

In i860 new charges were instituted, and further-
additions made to the ministerial staff of three young
licentiates: — The Revs. James S. Laing (now Dr. Laing),.
Colin R. Greig, and William Bain, duly commissioned by
the Free Church of Scotland. Dr. Laing was first settled
at Penrith, was afterwards called to the Manning River and
settled there, and, from that, translated to Muswellbrook,
his present charge. Dr. Laing is Clerk of the General
Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of New South
Wales, and has been so for many years. He is also
Senior Clerk of the General Assembly of Australia. He
has throughout rendered valuable service in conducting
the business of the Church. Mr. Greig was settled in
Bombala, but has been now for a good many years
without a charge. Mr. Bain was, for many years, the

62 SVNOB OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA

highly-esteemed minister of the Hunter Street congre-
gation. Newcastle, but failing health constrained him, a
few years ago. to retire. The Rev. Alex. Salmon asked
for leave of absence, but as it appeared that it would be
difficult to find suitable supply for so long a period, Mr.
Salmon sent a letter to the Presbytery tendering his
resignation of his charge in Macquarie Street, Sydney,
The resignation was accepted and the charge declared
vacant. The Rev. James Adam, an ordained minister of
the Free Church of Scotland, then residing in Victoria,
having supplied the pulpit for some months, a call was
addressed to him, but declined. The congregation then
determined to send, through the Presbytery, an applica-
tion to the Colonial Committee of the Free Church, to
select and send out a minister of gifts and graces, to be
pastor of the Macquarie Street Church. The Presbytery
accordingly directed the Synod's Committee for the
procuring of Ministers to forward a copy of said
resolution to the Rev. Dr. John Bonar, Convener of the
Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland.

Mr. Donald Mclntyre. of Blairmore near Scone,
brother of the Rev. Wm. Mclntyre, and an esteemed and
zealous elder, who had rendered important service to the
Church in various ways, was this year cut off by death,
and the Synod put on record its sense of the great loss
which the Church had sustained through his removal.

ARRIVAL OF THE REV. DR. GEIKIE.

Toward the end of ibis y(;ar, the Rev. A. C. Geikie
(afterwards D.D.and LL.D.),an ordained minister of the
Free Church of Scotland, arrived duly commissioned and
was very cordiall)- received. Dr. Geikie was born and
educated in Edinburgh. Having accompanied his father
to Canada, he was settled in various ch.irges there, and
ultimately became assistant to Dr. John Bayne, of Gait,
On the death of Dr. Bayne. Dr. (Geikie returned to Scotland,

DEPARTURE OF THE RE]\ DR. M. MACK AY. 63

and was sent out by the Colonial Committee of the Free
Church to this colony. He was first settled in Bombala,
from that translated to liovvenfels, and from that to
Bathurst, where he remained for thirty years, till tailing
health constrained him to accept a colleague. Shortly
thereafter he retired to Woollahra, Sydney, and died
there in July, 1898. Dr. Geikie was one of the most
Pfifted and outstandino- ministers of the Church, and
various signilicant memorials remain of the work which he
did and of the honour in which he was held.

In this year, the Rev. William Ridley, M.A., who had
been labouring successfullv for some time in connection
with the United Presbyterian Church in X'^ictoria,
returned to New South Wales and was cordially
welcomed. The Rev. Alex. Mclntyre was called from
Ballarat (Victoria) to become the minister of a congre-
gation on the Clarence River, and was settled there.

ST. GEORGE'S, SYDNEY.

A special meeting of the Presbytery of Sydney was
called, and the purpose of the meeting was said to be
" to take into consideration the present embarrassed
condition of the pecuniary affairs of St. George's Church,
and to determine what stei)s should be taken anent said
affairs." It was resolved, after due deliberation, to call a
special meeting of the Synod, to consider the critical
condition of the congregation and to devise some plan for
its relief. Various expedients were talked of, among them
the appointment of a colleague. But as no practical
escape from the difficulty could be devised, Dr. Mackay
returned to .Scotland, and was settled over a Free
Church congregation, in the Island of Harris. After
some years, he retired to Portobello, and died there.
He was an able and highly cultured man, but rather old
for transplanting to the colonies.

64 SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA

The congregation of St. George's Church, in the
belief that a way would be found for them out of their
financial ditficulties, addressed a call to the Rev. W.
Mclntyre, of Maitland ; the call was accepted, and Mr.
Mclntyre was duly inducted into the charge by the
Presbytery of Sydney.

ARRIVAL OF THE REV. DR. STEEL.

In July of this year the Rev Dr. Robert Steel:
appeared, and laid his credentials on the table of the
Presbytery. The late Professor John Smith, M.D. (Pro-
fessor of Natural Science in Sydney University) and Mr.
John Shedden Adam, being on a visit to the home country,
were commissioned to aid in the selection of a suitable
minister for the Macquarie Street congregation. Their
choice fell on Dr. Steel, of Cheltenham, and the result
showed how well they had been directed in their choice.
Dr. Steel was forthwith inducted, and for thirty-one years
served both the congregation and the Church at large
with singular devotion and remarkable success.

FURTHER ADDITIONS.

In February, 1863. Mr. Archibald Gilchrist (afterwards
LL.D.) was appointed to act as catechist in the district of
Penrith, under the supervision of Dr. Cameron Dr.
Gilchrist speedily rose into fame, and played a conspicuous
part in the future history of the Church. Several additions
were made to the Church in this year. The Rev. A. C.
Smith, M.A., late of Innellan, Scotland, presented a com-
mission from the Free Church of Scotland, and was
received by the Synod. He was a man of great ability
and culture. The Rev. Hugh S. Seaborne presented a
certificate from the Presbytery of Beechworth, Victoria^
and was received. The Rev. William Dron, who had
been a minister in connection with the Free Presbyterian
Church of Victoria, having come duly certificated, was also
received : and the names of these three brethren were
added to the; roll of the Synod.

ST. STEPHEN'S, SYDNEY

^^irmsssmmtm

HISTORIC buildings; with ministers of macquarie

STREET, AND PHILLIP STREET CHURCHES

fie;o,-

[Uj TV ruin t'O'Ujr.'gnnons Am It! (JO

Plate J5"

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY.

ST. STEPHEN'S, SYDNEY, AND ITS MINISTERS SINCE UNION

Plat^ 15

FRESIt WORKllRS 65

In 1864 the Rev. [olm Thorn. M.A.. bearing certificate
from the Presbytery ol Atickland, was received by the
Presbytery of Sydnev. Mr. Thorn laboured some time
successfulK" in the district of Welhngion, but was after-
wards transferred to one of the Northern Rivers, where
he was drowned by the capsizing of a boat.

The Rev. A. C. Boddie, a hcentiaLe of the I'nn; Church
of S(-()tland, was recci\'(^d bv the Church Extension
Committee and ordained as a missionarv to labour in the
southern parts of the colony. The Rev. W. S. Donald,
having presented hmiself at a meeting of the Presbytery of
Sydney, was associated with the Presbytery. Dr. Steel
introduced to the Presbytery Mr. Hugh Hossack, who
had come out to labour as a catechist in connection \\\\\\
his congregation. Mr. Hossack laboured many years in
connection with the congregation with much zeal and
acceptance, and was greatly beloved both bv old and
young. After e.KercMsmg his ministry for a time on the
Hastings River, he returned to Scotland to die.

At the May meeting of Synod tliis year. Dr. Steel
intnnated that Mr. Roger McKmnon had been appointed
to labour as catechist in the district of F\'nrith. Mr.
McKinnon was in due time licensed and ordained, and,
after occup\ing several important spheres with much
acceptance, was ulliniatel\- translated to St. Peter's,
North Sydney, where he died, in 1903. Mr. McKinnon
rendered eminent servic-e, and occupied a high place
among the Fathers of the Church. I)\' the xoice of the
Church he was called to fill the chair of the General
Assembly in 1885. Chalmi'rs Church addressed a call
to the Rev. W. -S. Donald, which was declined.

MISSIONS TO THE HEATHEN.

The Churcii ha\ ing begun to manifest a growing
interest in Missions to the Heathen, the Synod had tht^
gratification of receiving a visit from two distinguished

66 SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA

missionaries, who had been labouring in the New
Hebrides Islands, the Revs. John Geddie, D.D., and
Joseph Copeland. Mr. Geddie had with him Lathella, the
principal chief of the Island of Aneityum. Both these
brethren addressed the Synod, and gave much interesting
information regarding their work in the Islands. Their
addresses were calculated to stimulate an interest in
the missionary cause, and they received the hearty thanks
of the Svnod.

The Synod had this year to mourn the loss of one of its
most useful and most esteemed Ministers, the Rev. Arthur
M. Sherriff, of Clarence Town. For fourteen years he had
faithfully discharged his ministerial duties among the
people of his charge, and was greatly beloved by them.
As Clerk of the Synod, he rendered invaluable service,
and his brethren held him in the highest honour.

The annual meeting of the Synod in November of this
year (1864) was the last meeting of the Synod of Eastern
Australia. A conference having been held with the
representatives of the Synod of New South Wales, and it
having been found that they were willing to unite in
lorming, on the terms proposed, the preliminary union,
which appeared necessary as a step precedent to the
accomplishment of the General Union, arrangements were
made for consummating the Union during the present
meeting of Synod.

Chapter V.
THE UiNION NEGOTIATIONS.

In most of the colonies the battle of Presbvterian
Union has had to be fought. ll is gratifying, however,
to lind tliat in nearly everv case, Union has won the day.
The divisions of the homeland were unfortunatelv trans-
planted beyond the seas, and no small difficulty has been
experienced in undoing the evil. In New South Wales,
the difficulty was greater perhaps than elsewhere. The
Synod of Australia was, not only nominally, but legalh , in
connection with the Established Church of Scotland, and
was held to be committed to an approval of the principles
against which the Free Church had protested. Then, the
Synod was a partaker of State Aid on the indiscriminate
endowment principle, which was regarded by PVee
Churchmen as unsound and indefensible ; and further,
there was the attitude of the Synod toward Dr. Lang
and his Synod — for his Svnod it might be called, as he
was the father and the founder of it. These were
formidable difficulties, but b\' patience and perseverance
they were overcome.

UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CONGREGATION.

But the Presbyterians were still further divided, for
in the year 1854 a small but vigorous congregation in
communion witli the United Presbyterian Church of
Scotland had come into existence, their meetings being
held in the Supreme Court. King Street, Sydnev.
The first minister was the Rev. Hugh Darling, who had

68 THE UNION NEGOTIATIONS

recently arrived from Scotland. Among those associated
in establishing this congregation were the Hon. John
Richardson. M.L A. (afterwards M.L.C.), Messrs. John
Young. William King, James Steel. Alexander Douglas,
James McNaughton. William Fullarton. John Mailer, and
T. Duncan. Land was bought in Phillip Street, and the
main building of the church now known as St. Stephen's
was erected and opt-ncd in 1856. In 1859, owing to
ill-health, Mr. Darling went back to Scotland, where he
recovered ; he returned to Australia in 1861, and was
soon settled at Emerald Hill, Melbourne. He died at
Kew in 1877. In 1861 the Rev. Adam Thomson,
who had been for twenty-seven years minister of the
Secession Church at Hawick — where he was greatly
beloved — came to Sydney, and succeeded Mr. Darling.

PROPOSALS AND OBJECTIONS IN 1854.

The evils of disunion w^ere keenly fell, and the desire
had become strong to make an attempt to heal our
divisions. The subject began to be talked over among
the leading men in the several Churches. At length, in
1854, a Committee on Union was appointed by the Synod
of Australia to confer with a similar committee of the
Svnod of Eastern Australia. The committees met and
a Basis of Union was carefully outlined, which was
approved by both parties. When the Basis was submitted
to the Synod of Australia, the Synod altered it and elimi-
nated what, in the view of the Free Church party, was the
most vital part. To this alteration the Committee of the
Synod of Eastern Australia objected, and wlien the Basis
was submitted t(j that Synod, it showed a disposition to
break off the negotiations; but, as the object was so
important, the Synod agreed to rc-appomt its committee
to receive any proposals that might be made in accordance
with the original agreement. Nothing, however, was done,
until in 1856 an overture was submitted to the Synod of

COhnriTTEES 69

Eastern Australia by the Rev. Dr. M. Mackay, praying for
the appointment of another committee. This w as granted,
and petitions from different parts of the ccjlonv were sent
in. urging that action should be taken to advance the
cause of Union. When the Synod met in November, it
was reported that a meeting had been held bv the two
Committees on Union, at which the Committee of the
Svnod of Australia said it had no power to make proposals,
but only to receive proposals, whereupon the Commiltee-of
the S\nod of Eastern Australia drafted four articles as
a Basis of Union, and the other Synod also submitted
tour articles. These having been placed before the Synod
of Eastern Australia, it was declared that they were
unsatisfactory, and that no Basis of Union would be
accepted which did not explicitly set forth the spiritual
independence of the Church, and the Headship of Christ
over His own House.

NEGOTIATIONS LAPSE, REVIVING IN 1862.

At this point the negotiations lapsed, and nothing
farther was done until six years later, when, in 1862.
the movement for Union was revived. The Synod of
Australia had appointed a Committee to confer with
a Committee of the Svnod of Eastern Australia. The
Committees met, and a Draft Basis of Union and Formula
were prepared. When this was submitted to the Synod
of Eastern Australia, the Rev. W. Mclntvre moxed for a
further consideration of the Basis, so that explicit instruc-
tions might be given to their Committee. The Rev. Dr.
Steel submitted a motion which he was allowed to with-
draw in favor of the foUowino; bv the Rev. Dr. Cameron : —

" The Svnod having considered the Basis submitted,
and it being manifest from the expression of opinion in
debate, that there is such a measure of agreement as to
hold out a hopeful prospect of success, resolves to
appoint a Committee, Dr. Cameron, Convener, to

70 THE UNION NEGOTIATIONS

confer with a similar Committee of the Synod of Aus-
tralia as to the final terms of Union ; and further, as it
appears that the question of the supply of Ministers is the
main point of real difficult v, the Committee be instructed
to keep carefully in view the conscientious convictions of
the brethren of the Synod, in all attempts to effect a satis-
factorv adjustment of this question."

The motion was carried bv eleven to seven, and a
copv was directed to be sent to the other Synod.

The Rev. VVm. Ridlev moved : " That with a view of
making the Union all-embracing, the Synod be authorised
to join with the Synod of Australia in inviting Presbyterian
ministers and office-bearers, not embraced in the present
negotiations, to confer with them on the subject." This
motion was agreed to. At the meeting of the Synod of
Eastern Australia in November, 1863, when the Union
Report was submitted, the Rev. W. Mclntyre proposed :
" That before dealing with the report, there should be a
conference," to which the Synod declined to accede.
The Rev. Dr. Geikie moved : " That the report be
adopted, the basis approved, and that the Synod agree to
unite in terms thereof." This was seconded by the Rev.
Dr. Steel. The Rev. W. Mclntyre moved, and the Rev.
Dr. Grant seconded : " Approve the report generally, but
reconsider the Basis." An adjournment followed, for a
conference among the brethren ; and when the Synod
again met. Dr. Geikie requested leave, and was permitted,
to amend his motion, so that it would stand as follows :
"Adopt the Report, approve the Basis, agree to unite in
terms thereof, resolve that no agency is necessary for the
supply of ministers, and appoint a Standing Committee
to arrange for final Union, instructing said Connnittee tO'
submit to the negotiating parties, with a vicnv to securing
greater harmony among the members of this Synod,
certain suggestions with regard U) the third article of the
Basis."

BASIS OF UNIOA AND FORMULA 71

SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA PRACTICALLY UNANIMOUS.

The Rev. \Vm. Mclntyrc havinij withdrawn his amend-
ment, the decision of the Synod was practically unanimous.
A Standing Committee was appointed and the decision
intimated to the Synod of Australia, and to the Rev. Adam
Thomson, and notice given that the Committee would
attend at St. Andrews's Church the next morning to meet
with them in conference on the subject of this resolution.
At the same meeting, a letter was read from the Rev.
Patrick Fitzgerald, Clerk of the Synod of New South Wales,
intimating that a deputation had been appointed by that
Synod to confer with the Synod of Eastern Australia on
the subject of Union. It was agreed to remit this appli-
cation to their Committee, to be submitted by them to the
United Conference at its next meeting.

BASIS OF UNION AND FORMULA

The Basis of Union and Formula agreed upon were as

follows : —

I. That the designation of the United Church shall be "The
Presbyterian Church of New South Wales," and that the
Supreme Court of the Church shall be designated " The
Creneral Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of New South
Wales. ^'
II. That the Word of God as contained in the Scriptures of the
Old and New Testaments is held by this Church as the
only autlioritative rule of faith and practice.
III. That the Westminster Confession of Faith, the Larger and
Shorter Catechisms, the Form of Presbylfcrian Church
Government, the Directory for the Public Worship of God
and the Second Book of Discipline, are the Subordinate
Standards of this Church.
IV. The Subordinate Standards above enumerated are received
with the following explanations : —

(i ) That while the Confession of Faith contains the
Creed to which, as a confession of his own faith, every office-
bearer in the Church must testify in solemn form his
personal adherence, and while the Catechisms are
sanctioned as Directories for catechising, the Directory for
Public Worship, the Form of Church Government, and

-2 THE UNION NEGOTIATIONS

ihe Second Book of Discipline are of the nature of
regulations rather than of tests, and are not to be imposed
by subscription upon ministers and elders.

(2.) That in adopting these Standards the Church is not
to be held as countenancing intolerant or [lersecuting
principles, or any denial or invasion of the right of private
judgment.

(3 ) That by Christ's appointment, the Church is
spiritually independent, and is not subject in its own
province, and in the administration of its own affairs, to the
jurisdiction or authoritative interference of the Civil power.

(4.) That this Church asserts for itself a se[)arate and
independent position in relation to other Churches, and
that its highest ("ourt shall possess supreme and final
jurisdiction over its inferior judicatories, office-bearers, and
members.

(5.) That the Church shall receive ministers and
probationers from other Presbyterian Churches applying for
admission, on their affording satisfactory evidence of their
qualifications and eligibility and subscribing the Formula.

The Formula is in accordance with the Basis of Union,
and in the usual style. The Moderator of the Synod of
Eastern Australia was instructed to transmit a copy of the
Basis of Union with accompanying resolutions, and the
decision of the Synod thereon, to the Convener of the
Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland.

SPECIAL MEETING SYNOD OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA.

A special meeting of the Synod was held in May to
consider the Bill to be submitted to Parliament for transfer
of property to the United Church. .A modiluation of the
Preamble was proposed but not carried. Dr. Cameron
reported the amendments made bv tht; Conference in the
Draft Bill and mo\ed that it be approved. It was agreed,
however, to postpone the further consideration of the Bill
till the ordinary meeting in November. An overture from
the Presbytery of Maiti.md, proposing that thrn- should
be further discussion of principles betw(?en the contracting
parties, was dismissed, several parties dissenting. At a
subsequent meeting, Dr. Steel moved that that Svnod

MINISTERS OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH
OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA, 1863

»MES S. LAING
WILLIAM BAIN
WILLIAM RIDLEY, B.A.
ADAM GORDON
DR. ROBERT STEEL
A. CONSTABLE GEIKIE
S. F. MCKENZIE, M.A.
JOHN KINROSS. B A.
JOHN L. MCSKIMMING

'. COLIN R. GREIG

JAMES CAMERON, M.A.
ARCHIBALD CAMERON
JAMES MCCULLOCH
COLIN STEWART
ARTHUR M. SHERRIFF,

SVNOO CLEU
WILLIAM MCINTYRE M.A.
WILLIAM GRANT. M.A

Plate /4.

AN HISTORIC EDIFICE

ST. GEORGE'S SYDNEY, AND ITS MINISTERS

Plate

CONFERENCE 73

approve of the Draft Bill as amended, and report the same
to the Conference of the negotiatiiii^ parties, but at the same
time intimate its willinc^ness to accept the modifications
of the Resolutions proposed by the Rev. Adam 'I'homson
in May last. A new Committee (Dr. Cameron. Cc^nvener)
was appointed to confer witli the negotiating parties, and
to convey to (hem the decision of the Synod. A resolution
was unanimously adopted, in pursuance ot a tormer
agreement to that effect, to open negotiations with the
Synod of New South Wales, and the Re\-. T. A. Gordon.

CONFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO SYNODS

A conference was held between the two Svnods, the
Synod of Eastern Australia and the Svnod of New South
Wales, and, as the result, it was reported that the S\ nod
of Ne\v South Wales approved of the Basis and Re>olu-
tions, and w^as prepared to enter into Union on the said
Basis. It was therefore moved that the Synod of New
South Wales, and also the Revs. T. A. Gordon, and R.
S. Paterson, be in\ited to take part in the negotiations.
This was carried, whereupon it was moved by the Rev.
Dr. Steel and carried : — " That the General Union
Committee be authorised, conjointly with the other
negotiating parties, to introduce the Draft Bill into
Parliament, and to make such amendments in said Rill
as new negotiations mav rendc^r necessary."

It having been reportt^d that the Synod ot New South
Wales, and the other ministers abo\e referred to were
prepared to unite with the Synod of Eastern Australia on
the terms proposed, it was moved by the Rev. Dr. Kinross
and seconded by Mr. D. L. W^augh : — " That the Synod
approves the Report and resolves to enter into Union with
the Synod of New South Wales and other Presbvterian
ministers, upon the Basis and Resolutions formerly agreed
to, and to take part in the formation of a new Synod,
under the desijjnation of the " General Svnod of the

74 THE UNION NEGOTIATIONS

Presbyterian Church in New South Wales,' and further
resolves, that this Union be consummated during the
present sittintrs of Svnod."

GENERAL SYNOD AND HOW IT ORIGINATED.

It was moved and carried that the Synod should
meet on Thursday evening, November 15, 1864, for the
purpose of consummating the Union. The Synod having
met, and been dulv constituted in St. George's Church,
Sydnev, the Rev. Dr. Steel moved and the Rev. Dr. Geikie
seconded, that the following Act and Declaration be
adopted as the closing Act of this Synod : —

"Whereas this Svnod did on the 8th day of November,
i86_^, approve of a Basis of Union and accompanying
Resolution, and resolve to unite with other Presbyterian
Churches and Ministers in terms thereof ; and whereas
this Svnod on the iith of November, 1863, with the
consent of the other negotiating parties, did accept
various emendations of said Basis and did order the Basis
so amended to be engrossed in the Minutes; and whereas
the said Basis and Resolution are as follows : —

P'irst, that previously to the consummation of the Union, the
Synod of AustraUa shall dissolve its connection with the
Kstahlished Church of Scotland, and omit from its
designation the terms expressive of that connection.

Second, that previously to the consummation of the Union, the
Synod of Eastern Australia shall formally declare that it has
no ecclesiastical connection with the Free Church of
Scotland

Third, that [jreviously to the consummation of the Union, the
Rev. Adam Thomson shall declare on behalf of himself and
Congregation that they have ceased to he ecclesiastically
connected with the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland.

(Thr Articles of the Basis and h'ornuila have been
alrcadv given.)

And whereas this Synod is ol opinion that the aforesaid Basis and
Resolutions embody and preserve all the distinctive
principles of the Presbyterian (!hurch of Eastern Australia
as declared in its Standards and I'ormula: and whereas it is-

JiAS/S OF i'NION 75

for the glory of (lod and the good of the Church of Christ
that all Presbyterian Churches and Congregations in this
colony, holding the same standards, as expressed in the
Basis aforesaid, he comprehended in one ("hurch ; and
whereas as prelini'iiary and preparatory to this ultimate
comprehension, this Synod did on the 9th day of November,
1S64, unanimously agree to confer with the Synod of
New South Wales and certain Presbyterian Ministers; and
whereas this Synod, having ascertained that the said Synod
of New South Wales and certain Presbyterian ministers
aforesaid approve of the aforesaid Basis and Resolutions,
did on the eleventh of November resolve to unite with the
Synod of New South Wales and certain Presbyterian
ministers aforesaid, and in conjunction with them to form
one Church; therefore this Synod in name and on behalf ot
the Presbyterian (J!hurch of Eastern Australia, does hereby
unite with the said Synod of New South Wales and the Rev.
R. S. Paterson as one Church, to be called the Presbyterian
Church in New South Wales, and whose highest judicatory
shall be called the General S) nod of the Presbyterian
Church of New South Wales.

The Synod hereby reserves for itself all legal rights, titles, and
privileges which belong to them as a Synod and Congre-
gations respectively in the Presbyterian Church of Eastern
Australia.

This Synod further declares that in entering into this preliminar)
Union it maintains its adherence to the solemn agreement
as afore-recited to unite with the Synod of Australia, and
the Rev. Adam Thomson on behalf of the United
Presbyterian Church, in oiu- Church, to be called the
Presbyterian ("huich of New South Wales.

RIFTS IN THE LUTE

The Re\-. William Mclntyre then moved, and the Rev\
James McCuUoch seconded, that the said Declaration be
not adopted ; but the Rev. Dr. Steel's motion was carried
by thirteen to six. Against this decision various protests
were handed in. The Rev. S. F. Mackenzie protested on
his own behalf. Mr. Mackenzie was subsequently received
into the United Church and his coni^regation with him.
The Revs. J. L. McSkinnningand C. R. (ireig protested for

-6 THE UNION NEGOTIATIONS

themselves for reasons of their own. The Revs.W. Mclntyre
and J. McCulloch protested on grounds peculiar to them-
selves. Mr. John McDonald, elder, also protested on the
ground of the Resolution accompanving the Basis of
Union. The Moderator, the Rev. William Bain, stated
that he had come to the conclusion not to protest, but
would content himself with dissenting from the decision
which had been come to by the Synod, and requested
that another should be appointed to take his place as
Moderator durintr the remainder of the Svnod's business.

O J

The prott'Sling ministers and elder then retired from the
central part of the church, saying thev would now
be onlv spectators of what took place.

CONSUMMATION OF UNION.

The Synod then proceeded to consummate the Union,
as had been arranged on Tuesdav evening, Noxember 15th,
1864, in St. George's Church. The Rev. John Kinross
was, at the request of the Rev. Wm. Bain, appointed
Moderator in his stead. The Commissioners from the Synod
of \ew South Wales were then introduced, namely : — The
Rev. Dr. J. D. Lang, Moderator of Synod ; the Rev. P.
Fitzgerald, Clerk ; with Messrs. John McNab and George
Brown, Elders. Dr. Cameron, Interim Clerk of the Synod
of Eastern Australia, then read the closing Act of
Declaration of that Synod; and the Rev. Patrick Fitz-
gerald, Clerk of the Synod of New South Wales, read the
closing Act of Declaration of that Svnod. The Basis of
Union that had been agreed upon in Conference, and also
the Formula, were then signed by the Rev. Dr. Kinross
on behalf of the Svnod of F>astern Australia, and by the
Rev. Dr. Lang on behalf of the Synod of New South
Wales, and b\ the Ren'. R. S. Paterson, of Pyrmont, on
his own account. The Lhiion having now been con-
summated, th(^ Moderators gave to eacOi other the right
hand of fellowship, and also to the Rev. K. S. Paterson.

AN EXCITING AND rOUCHING SCENE 77

The scene was an exciting' one. Deep emotions were
stirred, and tears were seen on the cheeks of some of the
audience. The Re\ . Dr. I-tuij; then proposed, and the Rev.
Dr. Kinross seconded: "That the Rev. Dr. Geikie be
appointed Moderator." This was unanimously agreed to,
and Dr. Geikie took the chair, and after praise, reading
the Scriptures, and prayer, declared the Svnod to be
constituted, in the name of the Great Head of the
Church, and under the designation of " The General Synod
of the Presbvterian Church in New South Wales." It was
then moved bv the Rev. P. Fitzgerald, and seconded b\
the Rev. R. S. Paterson, and unaniniouslv agreed to :
" That the Rev. James Cameron, of Richmond, be
appointed Clerk of the Synod." Dr. Lang then moved,
and Dr. Kinross seconded : " That the Declaration now
made bv the Synod of Eastern Australia and by the
Synod of New South Wales respectively, and the Basis
of Union agreed to bv the Synods and the Rev. R. S.
Paterson, be engrossed in the minutes ; and that this
Synod express its thankfulness to God for the formation
of the Presbvterian Church in New South Wales, and to
this General Svnod of said Church, and record its earnest
praver. that in the good Providence of God. the Union of
all Presbyterians in the colony in one Church ma\-
speedilv be accomplished." The Rev. Dr. R. Boag
was then received as a minister of the Church, and
signed the Formula, whereupon his name was added
to the roll. Ihi' prohmiiiar\' Union was thus success-
fully accomplished, and it was hailed with general
satisfaction throughout the colonv, as an earnest of the
wider Union to follow.

REASON FOR PRELIMINARY UNION.

Why, it might be asked, was this preliminarv Union
necessary? Whv should not the Synod of Australia and
the Rev. Adam Tliomson have joined in this first Union '.
The reason for this lav in the feeliuif eiitertaiiied bv the

78 THE UNION NEGOTIATIONS

Synod of Australia towards Dr. Lang and his Synod.
They objected to recognise the ecclesiastical standing of
Dr. Lang and those associated with him. Thev objected
to negotiate with them directly, after all that had taken
place between Dr. Lang and the Synod of Australia. !t
was pointed out that there was not the same difficulty in
the way of the Synod of Eastern Australia, inasmuch as
there had been no conflict between him and them, and
now that the Doctor's ecclesiastical standing had been
affirmed by the Church of Scotland, there was no valid
reason why that Synod should decline to unite with him.
It was clear that no all-embracing Union could be effected
which did not include the minister of Scots Church. Not
only so, but it was evident that no Union at all could be
effected from which he would be excluded, for, in his
place in Parliament, his influence would be sufficient to
prevent the passing of any Bill for legalising such Union.
While declining to negotiate directly with Dr. Lang,
the Synod of Australia intimated that if he and
those adhering to him could be absorbed into a new-
body bearing a new name they would raise no objection
to Dr. Lang forming a constituent part of this new body,
between which and the Synod of Australia the final
Union was to be formed. The Synod of Eastern
Australia did not, at first, take very kindly to this
method of attaining the end, but so impressed were they
with the unspeakable importance of the object in view,
that they at last consented to accept this, which seemed
the only method of getting over the difficulties involved.
This will serve to explain how it came about that it was
necessary to enter into this preliminary fusion of parties,
in order to clear the way for the llnal tlnion which we
were all so desirous of reaching. After appointing several
Committees, it was agreed that the Synod should hold
its next meeting in the Scots Church, Sydney, on the ist
Wednesday in November, 1865, at noon.

CHAPTKR VI.

THE GENERAL SYNOD

OF THK

Presbytrrian Church in New South Wales.

At a meeting of the Sydney Presbytery on February isl,
1865. the Rev. Thomas Acheson Gordon appeared. He
said hi' had come, in response to the invitation addressed
to him by the late Synod of Eastern AustraHa, which had
invited him, first to attend the Conference on Union, and
subsequently to be a partv to the Union, now so lar
consummated. Being absent from home at the time of
the Union, he had expressed by letter his concurrence in
the Basis and the proceedings founded on it. Having
submitted the matter to his congregation, he now made
application on behalf of himself, his Kirk Session and
Congregation, to be admitted into the Presbyterian Church
in New South Wales. The necessary documents as to
Mr. Gordon's ministerial standing having been submitted,
also a Commission in favour of .Mr. Duncan Campbell, it
was moved bv the Rev. Dr. Steel, seconded by the Rev. Dr.
Lang, and carried unanimously: — "That the Presbytery
cordially receive the application of the Rev. T. A. Gordon
and the Kirk Session and Congregation under his charge
in Balmain to be admitted into the communion of the
Presbyterian Church in New South Wales, and hereby
admit them accordingly. And at the sami- linie the

So THE GENERAL SYNOD

Presbvtery expresses its high sense of the personal work,
ministerial status, and general Christian character, of
Mr. Gordon, and rejoices to welcome him among their
number." The motion was carried unanimously. Mr.
Campbell's commission was sustained, and the members
of Presbytery gave to Mr. Gordon and to Mr. Campbell
the right hand of fellowship, and thev took their seats as
members of the court.

RECEPTION OF MINISTERS.

At next meeting of the Presbvtery, on May 3rd, the
Rev. Barzillai Quaiffe, who had been one of the consti-
tuting members of the late Synod of New South Wales,
at its formation in 1850, was cordially admitted as a
member of the Presbyterian Church in New South Wales.
The members of the Presbytery gave him the right hand
of fellowship, and he took his seat as a member of the
court. At the same meeting, the Rev. John Johnstone, a
licentiate of the Presbvtery of Auckland, was received, and
appointed to labour within the bounds of the Presbytery
of Sxdney.

The Rev. Wazir Beg, M.D., was introduced to the
Presbvterv on June 15th, as a minister in full standing in
the Presbvterian Church of Victoria, who had come as a
visitor to Svdnev. He was invited to supply Chalmers
Church for a time : and shortly thereafter commissioners
from the congregation appeared before the Presbytery,
and. after referring to the greatly improved condition of
the congr(igation,ask.'cl the Prc'sh\lerv to grant moderation
in a call. The call was unannnoiis]\- in tavour of Dr. Beg,
and he was in due time inducted as pastor of Chalmers
Church.

SPECIAL MEETING OF SYNOD.

.\ special meeting of tlio S\-nod was held in June,
when 'Jlie Presbyterian ChMrcli Temporalities Act^
recenth' passed bv the Legislature, was approved by the

r.

A

i";.

t^A

¥

■^

\ 1 ' :">J^«'^

^ ''d

4;, \,\1

X^

FIRST SESSION OF
ST STEPHEN'S. SYDNEY

^y;'.^'(j

EARLY ELDERS OF
ST. STEPHENS. SYDNEY

EARLY MEMBERS CF
ST. STEPHENS. SYDNEY

y$

SOME PROMINENT PRESBYTERIANS OF THE PAST

i

NEW SOUTH WALES MINISTERS WHO HAVE RETIRED
OR LEFT THE STATE

PlaU 18

SPECIAL MEETING OF SYNOD 8:

Synod. The Synod then engaged in Conference with
the Synod of Australia and the Rev. Adam Thomson, the
subject of the discussion being that of State Aid to
Rehofion. The result was an aefreement to reg-ard the
acceptance of State Aid as an open question. The Synod,
as such, was to take no action in the matter; but
individual ministers and congregations were to be left
free to carry out their own convictions in relation thereto,
as they might see fit, without hindrance or debate, on
the principle of mutual charity and forbearance. A
question having arisen in the Conference as to ministers
of the United Church occupying seats in the Legislature,
it was agreed that, without disturbing existing relations,
no minister of the Presbyterian Church of New South
Wales shall sit in anv future Parliament.

The Synod finally met on September 4th in
Macquarie Street Church, to prepare for the consumma-
tion of the Union on the 8th. It was reported by their
Commissioners that the Free Church Congregation at
Singleton had resolved to enter the United Church.
The Congregation at Queanbeyan also expressed a desire
to be received into the United Church, and appointed the
Rev. Dr. Robert Boag, of Sydney, as their representative
Elder, and the Synod in both cases cordially acceded to
the application made to it.

CLOSING ACT AND DECLARATION.

The following was then adopted as the closing Act
and Declaration of the General Synod : —

" Whereas tin's Synod has had under its anxious and prayerful
consideration the queslicjn of Union with other Presbyterian
Churches in the Colony of New South Wales; Whereas, after
lengtliened negotiations a Basis of Union has, in the good
providence of God, been mutually agreed upon between
this Synod on the first part, the Synod of Australia in
connection with the Established Church of Scotland on the
second part and the United Presbyterian Church, Phillip

F

82 THE GENERAL SYNOD

Street, Sydney, on the third part ; and Whereas this Synod
did, in conjunction with aforesaid parties, agree to unite on
the aforesaid Basis and to form one Church, to be designated
the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales ; and Whereas
an Act of Parhament has been passed called The
Presbyterian Church Act of i86^, protecting the civil
rights, titles and privileges of all the aforesaid parties
respectively ; and Whereas this Synod is of opinion that it is
for the glory of God and the good of the Church of Christ
that the union of the aforesaid parties should not be longer
delayed, therefore this Synod in name and on behalf of the
Church under its jurisdiction, hereby agrees forthwith to
repair to the Masonic Hall, York Street, Sydney, there to
declare that this Synod has no ecclesiastical connection
with the Free Church of Scotland or any other Church, and
at the same time, in conjunction with the aforesaid parties,
to consummate the Union agreed to on the Basis aforesaid.
Praying that, through the grace of the great King and Head
of the Church, they may henceforth walk together in the
fear of God and the comfort of the Holy Ghost, and be
enabled to contend earnestly for the faith once delivered to
the saints, to maintain the purity of the worship, discipline
and government of the Church, and to extend the blessings
of the Gospel of Christ in this land and throughout the
world."

CONSUMMATION OF UNION, 8th SEPTEMBER, 1865.

All things were now ready for the much-desired
consummation. On the 8th day of September, 1865, the
following parties, according to arrangement, assembled
within the Masonic Hall, York Street, Sydney : —
Representatives of the Synod of Australia, Representatives
of the General Synod, Representatives of the Session of
the United Presbyterian Church, Phillip Street, Sydney.

The Rev. James Fullerton, LL.D., Moderator of the
Synod of Australia, the Rev. Dr. Geikie, Moderator of the
General Synod, and the Rev. Adam Thomson, Moderator
of the United Presbyterian Congregation, presided jointly.
The Rev. Dr. Fullerton gave out the looth Psalm, which
was sung by the large congregation standing.

CONSUMMATION OF UNION 83

The Rev. Dr. Geikie offered prayer for divine guidance,
giving thanks to God for His goodness, and supplicating
His blessing on the solemn proceedings. The Rev. Dr.
McGibbon, Clerk of the Synod of Australia, then read the
final Act and Declaration of that Synod. The Rev. Dr.
Cameron, Clerk of the General Synod, read the closing
Act and Declaration of that Synod. Mr. James
McNaughton, Clerk of the Kirk Session of the United
Presbyterian Congregation, read the closing Act and
Declaration on behalf of that Session. The Rev. Adam
Thomson, who had officiated as Clerk of the Conference,
then read the Articles of the Basis of Union, and all the
members, standing, signified their assent to each Article
by holding up the right hand. The Moderator of the
Synod of Australia then read the following Declaration : —
" I, James Fullerton, Doctor of Laws, Moderator of the
Synod of Australia in connection with the Established
Church of Scotland, do hereby in terms of the Act and
Declaration of Synod now read by the Clerk, declare that
this Synod has dissolved its ecclesiastical connection with
the Established Church of Scotland, and I do now in terms
of the said Act and Declaration, and also in terms of the
Articles of Union just read by the Clerk of the Conference,
further declare that the Union of the said Synod with
the General Synod of the Presbyterian Church in New
South Wales, and with the Session representing the United
Presbyterian Church in Sydney, is now on the part of this
Synod consummated." The Moderator of the General
Synod and the Moderator of the Kirk Session then made
similar Declarations. Thereupon, the several Moderators
subscribed the Articles of Union and gave each other the
right hand of fellowship. Thus, after a more than " ten
years' conflict," was accomplished the longed-for Union of
the different sections of the Presbyterian Church in the
colony, to the great relief and joy of the members of the
Presbyterian Church in this and in other lands.

84 THE GENERAL SYNOD

THE REV. ADAM THOMSON ELECTED MODERATOR.

On the motion of the Rev. Dr. Fullerton, seconded
by the Rev. Dr. Geikie, the Rev. Adam Thomson, minister
of the Presbyterian Church, PhilHp Street, Sydney, was
unanimously elected Moderator of the first General
Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales.
On the motion of the Rev. Dr. Cameron, late Clerk of the
General Synod, seconded by the Rev. Dr. McGibbon, late
Clerk of the Synod of Australia, the Rev. J. B. Laughton,
B.A., minister of St. Stephen's Church, Bathurst, was
elected Clerk of the Assembly. On the motion of the Rev.
Wm. Purves, Mr. Robert Anderson was unanimously
elected Treasurer of the General Assembly. The General
Assembly having been constituted by the Moderator,
passed a Resolution expressing its gratitude to the Great
Kine and Head of the Church for His merciful Providence
and guidance throughout all the negotiations for Union,
and for the happy consummation of the Union in answer
to the prayers of the people in the formation of the Presby-
terian Church of New South Wales. The Rev. Simon
Fraser Mackenzie was, on his application, received as a
minister of the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales,
and his congregation, the Free Church Congregation of
West Maitland, was received as a congregation of the
same, and Mr. David Dickson as representative elder.

PRESBYTERIES RE-ARRANGED. UNION CELEBRATIONS.

A new arrangement of Presbyteries was made, and
nine Committees appointed for the better carrying out
of the business of the Church. It was resolved to
celebrate the Union by meetings in various districts
throughout the colony, to be addressed by special
Deputations ; and also to present an Address to His
Excellency the Governor, which was done. ^ His
Excellency, Sir John Young, courteously replied, ex-
pressing to the Moderator and the brethren accompanying
him his pleasure in hearing that such a happy union

ONE CAUSE OF REGRET 85

had taken place, and on reccix in^ such a proof of their
loyalty, and hopino- that the cause of truth and the
practice of purity and Christian charity would be
advanced bv the United Church.

THE ONLY REGRET.

The only regret in connection with the consummation
of this Union is the fact that it was not absolutely
all-embracing. Those whose attitude throughout the
Union negotiations was one mainly of opposition, were
actuated, no doubt, by reasons which appeared to
themselves all-sufhcient, however inadequate they may
have seemed to others. To protest may, in certain
circumstances, be heroic, but in other circumstances,
it mav be possible for even good men to protest
too much. The Union happily accomplished in 1865
has furnished a fresh illustration of the well-known adage
that '' Union is Strength." God has blessed it and
prospered it abundantly. And we would fain hope that our
esteemed brethren, who for the present are separated
from us in name, though not, we believe, in spirit, will
soon see their way to join forces, and, forgetting the
things which are behind, will join heartily with those
who are waiting; for them, so that the Presbyterian host,
absolutely one and undivided, may advance to the work
and the warfare to which the Captain of our Salvation
has called us.

in an Appendix we give the Roll of the First General
Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of New South
Wales, which should be of permanent interest to the
Church. In another Appendix we give the names of
Ministers who have laboured in connection with the
Presbyterian Church of Eastern Australia since the Union
in 1865.

Chapter VII.
HISTORY OF THE UNITED CHURCH.

The United Church havinor been inaugurated with
impressive ceremony, her first General Assembly consti-
tuted, and her Roll of Members settled, it now devolved
upon her to take a comprehensive view of the field to be
occupied, and the work to be done. She had to take
account of the men and the means at her disposal, and to
adjust her machinery to the new conditions ; in short, to
frame such a constitution for the United Church as would
be likely to secure the largest measure of efficiency.

A Committee of Bills and Overtures was appointed,
and the order of business for the remaining sessions of the
Assembly was agreed upon. A scheme for the formation
of Presbyteries was submitted and adopted, and the
Presbyteries, as arranged, were enjoined to meet and elect
their own Moderators and Clerks.

One of the first matters that called for the attention
of the Assembly was the subject of Finance. An Assembly
Expenses Fund was to be raised by assessment from con-
gregations of two per cent, on stipends of the ministers of
the Church. To provide for the support of the ministry, a
Supplementary Stipend Fund was instituted. The Fund
was to be raised by subscriptions, and by a yearly collection

ORGANIZATION 87

in all the congregations. No Minister in receipt of State
Aid was to receive anything from the Fund ; and no
congregation was to receive more than £^0 in any one
year. One of the regulations of the scheme was, that no
settlement of a minister was to be sanctioned with a lower
stipend than £200 with a manse, or;^25o without a manse.

HOME AND FOREIGN MISSIONS.

A Home Mission and Church Extension Scheme was
adopted. The Home Mission Fund was to be raised by
an annual collection and by special subscriptions. The
amount to be paid out of this Fund for pulpit supply was
fixed at £2, per week for probationers and £2 per week
for catechists.

A Heathen Mission Fund was instituted for support
of missionaries among the natives of the New Hebrides
and among the Chinese. An impulse to the movement
was given by an interesting address on Heathen Missions
delivered by the Rev. Joseph Copeland, one of ihe New
Hebrides missionaries. A Committee on Union was
appointed, having for its object to induce those who had
stood aloof from the Union, to re-consider the step they
had taken, in the hope that they might yet see their way
to join their brethren.

An overture proposing that future Moderators should
be elected by the Presbyteries of the Church, according
to regulations framed for the purpose, was unanimously
adopted. Committees were also appointed on the
subject of the improvement of Psalmody, and the
preparation of a Code of Rules.

With the view of providing an adequate supply of
clergymen, it was determined to raise a special Fund of
;^i,ooo for the passage and outfit from Europe of ten
ministers.

It will thus be seen that the General Assembly of the
United Church at its first meeting took a very compre-
hensive view of the obligations and requirements of the

88 HISTORY OF THE UNITED CHURCH

Church, and brought into operation a machinery of
means and appHances well adapted for the accomplish-
ment of the work given her to do.

SECOND GENERAL ASSEMBLY.

The Second Session of the General Assembly was
opened within Phillip Street church, Sydney, on the loth
day of October, 1866.

The Rev. Adam Thomson was succeeded in the chair
by the Rev. William Purves, M.A., and the Rev. J. B.
Laughton, B.A. , was asked to continue to discharge
the duties of the Clerkship.

A pleasing feature of this Assembly was the presence
in it of the Rev. J. Oswald Dykes, D.D. Dr. Dvkes was
cordially welcomed by the Assembly. Having been
invited to preach before the Assembly on the following
Sunday, he kindly consented to do so ; and at a subsequent
session he also delivered a suitable and stirring address.
For both of these he was very heartily thanked, and the
Assembly agreed "to record its high gratification with the
Christian congratulations on our Union conveyed by him
to this Church from the Free Church of Scotland."
Another pleasing feature of this Assembly was a visit
from the Rev. George Mackie. Mr. Mackie was invited
to address the Assembly. He did so, and spoke of the
beneficial results which had followed the Union of the
Presbyterian Churches in Victoria. He received the
cordial thanks of the Assembly.

PUBLIC EDUCATION BILL.

In connection with the Report of the Committee on
Schools and Education, a Bill to make better provision
for Public Education, which had been introduced into the
Legislative Assembly by Sir Henry Parkes, Colonial
Secretary, was laid on the table.

The Assembly having expressed its approval of the
prin(i})le of the l)ill, rcsoKcd to rt^fcr the consideration

NEW SOUTH WALES MINISTERS WHO HAVE PASSED AWAY

NEW SOUTH WALES MINISTERS WHO HAv/E PASSED AWAY

Plate SO

.U/XISTKRS WHO J/Al'R SERVED TllJi CIILRCJI Sy

of it to a Committee of the Whole House, with the view
of determining what modifications should be suggested to
the Government. The Draft of a Petition embodving the
amendments suggested was subsequently submitted and
approved, and the Moderator and Clerk were instructed to
sign copies of the Petition to both Houses of Parliament.

The number of those who have rendered ministerial
service for a longer or shorter period in connection with
the United Church from the Union until this present time
is very large. To give details as to the movements of
each would swell our History to undue dimensions. Yet,
as it is desirable that every name should find a place in
the History, a complete list has been prepared [see
Appendix], containing all the names which appear in
our records since the Union, and showing when and
whence they came to us, where thev were located, and what
became of them so far as is known. In another Appendix
a list is given of those who served the Church in its
various branches before the Union, and whose names do
not appear in the Post-Union Roll. From this list names
may have been omitted, as the early records are faulty.
As it is further intended to give brief sketches of indi\idual
congregations and of the men who ministered to them,
the individual element will thus be amplv provided tor,
while leaving the History, properly so called, to outline
the general features of the Church's progress along the
lines laid down at the time of the Union.

The movements and merits of individual men will be
brought out in dealing with the different departments of
the Church's work in which they rendered special service.
This will obviate the necessity of lingering over details
which can have but little interest for the present or
coming generations. The principles embodied in the
History and the value of them as indicated by results,
in other words, the philosophy of the History, is the
matter of permanent interest.

Chapter \'1II.
MINISTERIAL SUPPORT.

Prior to the Union the methods of Ministerial Support
differed in the different sections of the Church. The
ministers of the Synod of Australia had salaries provided
for them by the Government. The Act by which State
Aid to Religion was abolished provided that the existing
recipients might retain their salaries while they continued
to labour under properly constituted authority — virtually
indeed for life ; and one or two are still in receipt of these
salaries. The Synod of New South Wales had to
depend entirely on the voluntary contributions of the
people. The Synod of Eastern Australia adopted the
principle of a Sustentation Fund, which has proved so
successful in Scotland, and an equal dividend of some
;!^2 20 per annum — sometimes a little more, sometimes a
little less — continued to be paid till the dissolution of
the Synod.

At the time of the Union a Conference was held on
the subject of Finance, at which it was agreed
to recommend the institution of a Supplementary
Stipend hand, out of which weak congregations might
receive a grant of not more in any case than ^50 per
annum. This Pund received for a lime a fair measure of
support; but when the interest in it began to decline and
the contributions to fall off. the Committee which had

A SUSTENTATION FUND 9r

been appointed resolved to recommend that it should
be amalgamated with the Church Extension Scheme,
and that steps should be taken for carrying this
into effect. An Amalgamation Scheme was accordingly
prepared, sent down to the Presbyteries for their support,
and finally adopted by the Assembly.

According to this Scheme each congregation was
expected to have a Stipend Fund of its own, under the
management of its own office-bearers, and to use
every effort to provide an adequate stipend for its
minister. The minimum stipend to warrant the
settlement of a minister by any of the Presbyteries of
the Church was ^^200 and a manse, or ;^'2 5o without
a manse. Weak congregations might apply through
their Presbyteiy for a grant of not more than ;^50 per
annum for three years, to enable them to reach the
required amount. This — known as the Grant in Aid
system — continued for a time, but a desire began to be
felt for a more effective method of ministerial support.
In 1873 overtures anent a Sustentation Fund were
introduced to the General Assembly, and a Committee
was appointed to mature the matter and report. To the
next Assembly a scheme was submitted, its fundamental
provisions being that all the congregations of the Church
should be required to join it ; that the dividend aimed
at should be ;^2 5o, and congregations sending in
less than ^200 should not be put on the equal dividend
platform ; and that every congregation sending in from
^200 to ^250 should receive back the same with such
addition, up to ^250, as the funds might allow. The
contributions were to be sent in quarterly. The scheme
was remitted to Presbyteries to be reported on. Some
Presbyteries were in favour, some against, and not a tew
indifferent. The opposition shown had a discouraging
effect. Five or six years had been spent in efforts to
get the scheme launched, but at last the Assembly

92 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT

agreed to adopt the principle of the Sustentation Fund,
and to approve generally of the plan submitted. Mr.
David Lindsay Waugh and others laboured hard to
secure the adoption of the scheme throughout the
Church. But something more was needed to awaken
enthusiasm, and give to the movement an impulse
strong enough to overcome the apathy with which the
Sustentation P'und had hitherto been regarded. The
need was soon met.

ADVENT OF THE REV. JOHN MILLER ROSS.

In the year 1879 the Rev. John Miller Ross, who
for seven years had been the Agent of the Presbyterian
Church of England and who had successfully developed
the Sustentation Fund Scheme of that Church, was
passing through Sydney with a friend on a holiday tour.
He was invited to give an address on the Sustentation
Fund and the mode of its management in England.
The effect was to suggest the idea that it would be a
good thing to induce, if possible, Mr. Ross to come to
this colony to aid us in the work of the Church. The
Sustentation Fund Committee met and unanimously
resolved to make an effort to secure this. It was
ascertained that Mr. Ross would be willing to become
the Agent of this Church for three years, at a salary of
^500 per annum. The Committee accordingly made an
appeal for subscriptions, and found no difficulty in
getting the required amount, and even more. The
following is the list of subscribers : —

Mr.

loscph Piixton

■ £

1 00

Hon. S. 1). (Gordon

J-^\ 00

Hod

. John Mark.s

100

Mr. J. H. (Joodlet

100

Mr.

lames .Marks

50

Mr. John Struth

50

Mr.

j. 15. Hourc

-S

Mr. Roht. (Ira)'

25

Mr.

.\1lx. 1 )can

25

Mrs. I lunlrr liaillic

20

Mr.

(i. l''cr}j;us.s()n

• •♦

10

Mr. 1). Mrlicalli

10

Mr.

il. Mc.Maslcr

5

Total /,620 \)(

r annum t

0

" three years.

AfESSKS. A'O.SS, PAXTON, AND GOODLET 93

In the following year, 1880, Mr. Ross, who had been
appointed by the last Assembly General Agent and
Secretary of the Sustentation Fund, was introduced to
the Assembly by Mr. fosctph Paxton, Convener of the
Sustentation Fund Committee, was cordially welcomed
by the Moderator, and briefly acknowledged the
honour and responsibility of the important office to
which he had been appointed.

With the aid of Mr. Ross a Sustentation Fund
Scheme was prepared, and was ratified by the Assembly.
To explain the scheme and to awaken an interest in it
throughout the Church Mr. Ross, accompanied by Mr.
Paxton, traversed the colony, visited nearly all the
congregations, and met with gratifying success. Mr.
J. H. Goodlet — who was for some years associated with
Mr. Ross as Joint-Convener of the Sustentation Fund
Committee — rendered valuable service in promoting the
movement.

COLONEL J. H. GOODLET.

Of Mr., subsequently Colonel, J. H. Goodlet it might
truly be said that not alone by liberal gifts, but also by
manifold personal services cheerfully rendered, he has
been one of the main instruments in the building up of
our Church in this land. And further, it might be said
that there are few of our undenominational benevolent
and philanthropic institutions with which his name has
not been associated. 0\\^ of the greatest acts of his
beneficence was the establishment at his own expense
of the Thirlmere Consumptive Home, near Picton. which
he built and carried on for some 17 years. Colonel
Goodlet is still with us, as earnest and helpful as e\-er.

MAIN AIMS OF SUSTENTATION FUND.

The Sustentation Scheme provided for a Central
Fund, an Association in each congregation, and an equal
dividend to each settled Minister. The object aimed at

94 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT

was to secure, if possible, a minimum salary of ^300 per
annum and a manse for each of our ministers. To aid
in the attainment of this end a Capital Fund was
instituted, donations called for, and liberal contributions
obtained.

SUSTENTATION CAPITAL FUND.

To Mr. Joseph Paxton belongs the credit of having
started this Fund. He bequeathed ^i.ooo on condition
that the Fund should be established within twelve
months after his decease. To aid in fulfilling this
condition Messrs. Logan, Saunders and Frazer. in the
Presbytery of Maitland, raised between six and seven
hundred pounds. This was followed by a donation
from Mr. John Struth of ;f 1,000, by legacies from the
late Hon. John Frazer of ^1,000, and of ;^3,ooo from
Mrs. Mary Roberts, of Sydney ; so that in a brief time
the amount at credit of the Fund reached ;^6,634 i6s. 6d.
The total has since been increased to ;^8,63i. Miss
Mary Tulloch, widely known as ''Scotch Mary" —
a woman of sterling worth who, by her skill in
herbal medicine, did much for suffering humanity —
bequeathed her property at Blacktown, a good house
with sixteen acres of land, to the Sustentation Fund.
The property has been sold and the proceeds invested ;
the interest goes to augment the dividends from the Fund,
Mrs. Margaret Pringle, of Surrey Hills, also, left £^'^2>
to the Fund.

WORK AND AIMS OF THE REV. J. M. ROSS.

Besides attending to the interests of the Sustentation
Fund, Mr. Ross, with statesmanlike outlook, devoted
himself to the work of organizing the Church Offices and
of systematising the various operations of the Church by
Standing Committees of the Assembly, through which
the ever-expanding business of the Church is carried on.
His aim was so to adjust the whole machinery of
the Church as to secure harmonious working and the

Messrs. MORTON, DUFF, MARSHALL, d- HAMILL 95

best possible results. He was looked up to and confided
in by our men of means, and succeeded in drawing forth
their liberality to a very gratifying degree.

As men were wanted, as well as money, Mr. Ross
advised the appointment of an Honorary Agent in
London to aid in the importing of ministers from Home,
and Mr, Robert Morton, an Elder of the Presbyterian
Church of England, accepted this delicate and onerous
position and rendered very valuable service for some
years in that capacity, for which he deserves to be
gratefully remembered by our Church. The same may
be said of the Rev. R. S. Duff, D.D., of Glasgow, who
succeeded Mr. Morton in 1896, and for years has with
ungrudging zeal given invaluable assistance in selecting
and sending out ministers. From 1902 the Rev. Dr.
Theodore Marshall of Edinburgh and the Rev. Professor
Hamill of Belfast, by appointment of the General
Assembly, have been colleagues to Dr. Duff, and now
form a Board with power to commission ministers to the
Church in New South Wales.

EXTENDING THE CHURCH.

The work ot Church Extension was energetically
prosecuted in Sydney and suburbs, and Mr. Ross
travelled far and wide throughout the colony to make
himself acquainted with the spiritual wants of the people
and to arrange for the planting of new parishes where
promising openings presented themselves. The result
of all this was that the Church grew apace, and he had
the satisfaction ere he was laid aside of seeing the
ministerial strength of the Church doubled, her revenue
greatly increased, and the weight of her intiuence
mightily augmented. Mr. Ross assuredly did not spare
himself His zeal consumed him, and an over-sanguine
temperament led him, in some cases, to undertakings
which ended in disappointment. The worries of the

96 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT

work and the hard criticisms to which it sometimes
exposed him, together with the fatigues of his long
journeys, contributed, as we believe, to induce the
illness which laid him low. If at times faults of temper
were exhibited, they evidently proceeded from im-
patience with the hindrances which stood in the way of
his attaining the great and unselfish objects on which he
had set his heart.

DEATH OF THE REV. J. IVl . ROSS.

In April, 1893, ^I^- I^o^s was called away to his
reward, and the following is the estimate of his character
and work which has been placed on the Records of the
General Assembly : —

For over twelve years he filled the office of General Agent of
the Church. He was a man of great natural ability and of
varied acquirements. He came to us in circumstances
which constrained us to regard him as a gift from the
Great Head of the Church in our time of need. It would
be hard to over-estimate the value of the service he
rendered to the Church, not only by developing her
schemes, especially the Sustentation Fund, ordering her
affairs, and maturing her administrative arrangements, but
also by awakening the interest of our people in the
Church's work, and in drawing forth more liberality for her
extension throughout the land. He was a faithful and
impressive preacher, a wise counsellor, and a trusty friend.
In social life his courtesy and geniality were much enjoyed.
His whole soul was in his work, and he gave himself to it
with singular devotion and self-sacrificing zeal. His work
will remain a memorial of the noble service he rendered in
the building up of the Presbyterian Church of New South
Wales.

THE SUSTENTATION FUND-ACCOMPLISHMENT AND AIMS.

The Sustentation h\md, which Mr. Ross so largely
contributed to bring into successful operation, still
continues to flourish. It is a great boon to our ministers
and a strength to our Church. It secures regularity in
the payment of ministerial stipends, at the same time

THE REV. JOHN MILLER ROSS

General Agent of the Presbyterian Ch

urch ,n /Veu; South iVales. from 1880 to 1893

Plate 21

IF.I

THE

HONORABLE ALEXANDER BERRY, M.L.C.

Crow's Nest, Xo,th Syunvy, ana Voolarujatta, Shoalh.u;,,

Plate QS

MR. ROBERT LOGAN OF TORRYBURN

A Wise and Generous Benefactor

Plate .?..

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

MINISTERS' RETREAT IN THE BLUE MOUNTAINS, N.S.W.

Plate 'JU

MR. n ERR y AND rilE Si'Sl^EXTATJOX Ei'ND 97

augmenling, to some extent at least, the smaller stipends.
Since the death of Mr. Ross the scheme has found its
ablest and most zealous advocate in the person of Mr.
John Kirkland, the present Convener of the Sustentation
Fund Committee. Both by voice and pen Mr. Kirkland
has done much to keep alive an interest in the work
and to develop it into growing efficiency. The principle
on which aid is derivable from the Fund has from time
to time been somewhat modified. The principle at
present acted on is that of the inverse 7'atio, according to
which the congregations having the greatest need get
the largest amount of the available aid. The number of
aid-giving charges is as yet but small, but these will
increase as the Church grows, and we may confidently
expect that by legacies and donations the Capital Fund
will be largely augmented, so as to bring the standard of
ministerial support up to a befitting amount.

THE BERRY FAMILY.

The sum of ^^30,000 bequeathed to the Sustentation
Fund by the late Mr. David Berry, of Shoalhaven. has
proved of immense benefit to our Church.

The Berry family was in many respects remarkable.
It consisted of four brothers — Alexander, John, William
and David — and three sisters, two of whom came to
the colony with their brothers in 1836. Only one of
the brothers (Alexander) married, and one of the sisters,
the one who remained at home. There is no offspring to
perpetuate the name of Berry. Alexander lived to the
patriarchal age of 92, and David to 94.

Alexander, the eldest, was the able and long-sighted
founder of the Berry Estate in the Shoalhaven district.
He was a native of Fifeshire, Scotland, and educated
at the Universities of St. Andrews and Edinburgh.
He entered the service of the Honorable East India
Company, and made many voyages to India and China

98 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT

in the capacity of surgeon. On retiring from this
service he engaged in mercantile pursuits, and went
into the shipping trade. While in command of his own
ships he had many romantic adventures. Of these, the
most exciting was perhaps the rescue of survivors of the
ship Boyd, at Whangaroa, New Zealand. The ship had
been rushed by the natives, the crew massacred and the
vessel burnt down to the water's edge. After difficult
and dangerous negotiations Mr. Berry succeeded in
obtaining possession of the survivors, a woman and three
children, regained his vessel and sailed to Portugal and
Spain. In Portugal he was brought into contact with
the Wollstonecraft family, one of whom became his
partner in business, and another his wife. Having
returned to Sydney, he settled down on his estate in the
Shoalhaven district, where the original grant had been
greatly enlarged by subsequent purchases. By engineer-
ing skill and undaunted courage and perseverance he
showed what could be done to transform dismal swamps
and barren ridges into a smiling garden. He died at
his residence, "Crow's Nest," North Sydney, in 1873.

Brothers and sisters all gone, Mr. David Berry
became the sole survivor of the ftunily, and inherited the
accumulated prop(;rties of two brothers. He proved a
generous and considerate landlord and did much to
improve the estate, and at the same time promoted the
comfort and welfare of those who lived on it. By his
will Mr. David Berry left well-nigh a quarter of a
million to charitable and religious objects, the residue
being bequeathed to his cousin, Dr. John Hay. The
ta.sk imposed on Dr. Hay to provide money for the
payment of these legacies and otherwise manage the
vast estate was a heavy one, but he has accom])lished
the work given him to do with conspicuous ability and
success. Pjy the combined efforts of th(^ Hays and the
Mortons, and the enlightened policy they pursued, the

yi HO LID A V JIOME FOR TIRED MINISTERS 99

Berry Estate has become an educational institution where
valuable lessons may be learned in all the different de-
partments of scientific agriculture and modern husbandry.
It has been said that the Presbyterian Church,
though not numerically the strongest, is proportionately
the wealthiest of our Churches. Whether this be so or
not we may with confidence affirm that the men who
have owned the wealth have been men who have known
how to turn it to good account. In proof of this we
need but to mention the names of Berry, Hunter Baillie,
Logan, Stewart, Paxton, Frazer, Marks, Struth, Goodlet,
and Grahame, as a few out of many who have proved
splendid specimens of enlightened Christian liberality.

MINISTERIAL RETREAT, WOODFORD.

For this Home of Rest we are mainly indebted to the
liberality of the Rev. David Moore, B.A., senior minister
of Campbelltown, who in the exercise of that generous
spirit which has throughout characterised him, donated
last year (1904) to the Church his cottage on the Blue
Mountains, fully furnished, for the purpose of establishing
a Retreat to which ministerial brethren and their families
in quest of change and temporary rest might resort.

Mr. Moore stipulated that the Church should
purchase the cottage adjoining his own. which was
obtainable at a moderate cost. This has been done,
and from three to four additional acres of land have also
been purchased. The property now consists of two
substantial stone cottages, fully furnished, with out-
houses and all conveniences, and also a garden well
stocked with fruit trees. The property (called " Rock-
corrv") is about a mile from the Woodford railway
station. The air is salubrious, the outlook extensive,
and there is ample scope for surrounding the cottages
with picturesque and pleasant grounds to enhance the
pleasure of sojourning there.

loo MINISTERIAL SUPPORT

The institution is as vet in its infancy, but the
number of applications already received shows that the
value of Mr. Moore's gift is being appreciated by the
brethren. Rules have been framed for regulating the
succession of the applicants. These can be modified
from time to time as experience may dictate. This
Retreat will serve to perpetuate in the Church the
name of our esteemed father, with his talented family,
now few in number, and should prove a great boon to
manv country brethren who, with their families, seldom
get a holiday. A small debt, however, remains on the
property, and there should be an endowment of at least
;;^' 2,000 to meet various necessary expenses of upkeep.

Chapter IX.

HOME MISSION AND CHURCH EXTENSION.

The progress made in Home Mission work while the
Church continued in a divided state was but slow. The
Union, however, with the consciousness of greater
strength resulting, gave a fresh impulse to this important
work. The difficulties in the way arose chiefly from
three sources — the lack of men, want of money, and the
"magnificent distances" to be traversed. As regards
men for the work, while it was felt that no time should
be lost in adopting vigorous measures for the training of
a native-born Ministry, it was at the same time evident
that it would be years before an adecjuate supply of men
from this source could be counted on. For our present
necessities our hope lay in obtaining a supply of men
from the Home Country, but from this we were unfortu-
nately debarred by resolutions adopted at the time of the
Union: — "That no official application for the supply of
Ministers be made from the United Church to any of the
Churches in the United Kingdom," and, •' That no
Agency for the supply of Ministers shall be appointed in
the United Kingdom for the United Church." An overture
was subsequently introduced to have these resolutions
rescinded, but the overture was dismissed. But although
by these resolutions we were prohibited from applying
to the Home Churches, there was nothing to hinder
individual ministers of the Home Churches from applying

I02 HOME MISSIOX AND CHURCH EXTENSION

to us, and nothing to hinder us from receiving properly
accredited men. It was therefore resolved that a strong
appeal should be prepared, setting forth the urgency of
our wants and the inducements to ministers to come and
join us, and that this appeal should be disseminated as
widely as possible throughout the Churches at home.
The thousand pounds which had been raised to bring
out ten ministers from home were sent to Edinburgh
and placed in the hands of Mr. James Greenhill of the
Clydesdale Bank, who had kindly agreed to act as our
Treasurer in dispensing the Fund. The men thus
obtained proved very helpful. In 1872 Mr. Joseph
Paxton (whose only son had been accidentally drowned
while studying for the ministry) generously contributed
^300 to bring out three ministers from Home. Of
these, one is still with us — the Rev. John Auld. M.A.,
of Ashfield. At a later stage, J. H. Goodlet, Esq.,
donated j^ 1 ,000 to the Fund for bringing out ministers.
From various sources, besides the United Kingdom,
ministers continued to be received from year to year,
and the Native Ministry began to grow in numbers, and
thus a fairly good supply of men was kept up, and the
work of extending the Church went on.

But the difficulty of finding an adequate supply of
ministers was not the only one. We had also to
find the means of maintainincr them. In extendincr
aid to weak parishes and mission stations, the method
followed for a number of years was what is called
the Grant-in-Aid System. This method had the merit
of keeping the Committee out of debt, as they
expended annually just th(* income received and no
more. But after the arrival of th(^ Rev. |. M. Ross it
was deemed advisable to adopt a more aggressive
jjolicy. The Committee, in its eagerness to break up new
ground and occupy new districts, sent out its agents and
assumed the responsibility of providing the full amount

THE LOGAN BEQUEST 103

of their salaries, trusting to local parties to refund the
major part, at least, of the sums thus expended. This
system was fitly termed heroic. The pace at which
church extension proceeded was indeed thereby
quickened, but with the result that the Committee
became soon plunged into heavy debt, which has only
recently been wiped out by means of the Centenary
Thanksgiving Fund. The method at present pursued
by the Committee is substantially a return to the Grant-
in-Aid System which formerly prevailed. The revenue
derix'cd from the annual collections for the Home
Mission had of late become so small that the work of
extending the Church had been brought well nigh to a
standstill.

THE ROBERT LOGAN BEQUEST.

But in the good providence of God, Mr. Roljcrt
Logan of Torryburn, in the Hunter River district,
bequeathed his estate, or at least a large portion of it,
to the Church, for the purpose of planting new mission
stations in the bush, and of fostering them into
self-sustaining charges. With the help derived from this
Fund, along with more liberal collections and the impetus
expected to be given to our Church work generally
through the Centenary Fund movenient, we hope to see
our Church Extension work exhibiting gratifying and
growing evidences of progress. Mr. Robert Logan was
born in the town of Airth, Stirlingshire, Scotland, in
1820. With his father and mother, five brothers and
two sisters, he arrixed in New South Wales in 1841^
came to West Maitland and settled down to farming
operations there. After some years, the family left
there and went to Queensland, taking up a squattage
on the Darling Downs, which was so successfully
managed that Robert left the place a wealthy man.
after selling out his station at a good figure. Returning
to Maitland. he purchased the Torryburn and Campsie

I04 HOME MISSION AND CHURCH EXTENSION

Estates on the Paterson River. Prosperity still
continued to attend his well-directed efforts. He was
a shrewd man of business, but ever bore the character
of being a man strictly upright in his dealings, who
lived for higher ends than the accum.ulation of wealth.
Of a generous disposition, he was most liberal,
especially in connection with religious matters and in
support of the Church of which he was a consistent and
honoured member. Not only to the schemes of the
Church, but to every benevolent effort, he extended
lively sympathy and generous support. He died in West
Maitland in 1896, at the age of 76 years.

By his will he provided that after payment of certain
specific bequests and annuities the residue of his estate
was to be handed over to the Church Extension
Committee of the Presbyterian Church. So far, ^22,500
has been received by the Church, founding the
'•' Logan Bequest," the interest from which goes yearly
to the starting of bush parishes.

Mrs. Margaret Talbot, of North Sydney, also, left
j;^i,000 for Church Extension.

CONVENERS.

The first Convener of the Committee was the Rev.
Adam Thomson ; he after one year was succeeded by
the Rev. Dr. Cameron, who, with the exception of one
year — during which the Rev. J. B. Laughton was
Convener — continued to discharge the duties for twenty
years. He was followed by the Rev. Dr. (iilchrist for
one year, and thereafter by the Rev. John Auld, M.A.,
of Ashfield, who for ten years efficiently discharged the
onerous duties, with the valuable aid of the i^^inancial
Secretary (Mr. William Wood). The Rev. Dr. D.
Bruce was appointed to succeed him ; and Dr. Bruce,
after four years of effective service — during which he
visited most parts of the State — was succeeded in 1904
by th(i Rev. Dr. T. E. Clouston. the present Convener.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

NEW HEBRIDES MISSION

Plate Sr,

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF AUSTRALIA AND TASMANIA

NORTH QUEENSLAND ABORIGINAL MISSION

/Hjssioniinfs anil their Families

Plate 26

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF AUSTRALIA AND TASMANIA

MORTH QUEENSLAiND ABORIGINAL MISSION

Plate 21

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF AUSTRALIA AND TASMANIA

NORTH QUEENSLAND ABORIGINAL MISSION

Plate .'<

Chapter X.

FOREIGN MISSIONS.

The General Assembly of the United Church at its
first meeting determined, among other things, to create
a Fund to be called the Fund for Missions to the
Heathen. The Rev. Joseph Copeland — who has rendered
good service to the Church in various capacities — being
present was invited to address the Assembly. He was
at that time a missionary stationed on the island of
Aneityum, in connection with the Reformed Presbyterian
Church of Scotland.

NEW HEBRIDES.

His address awakened an interest in the New
Hebrides as a field for missionarv effort, but it was not
until three years afterwards that the Church succeeded
in obtaining the services of the Rev. J. D. Gordon, of
Canada, as its first missionarv. Mr. Gordon was a
brother of the Rev. George Nichol Gordon, who in iS6i
had been martyred with his wife at Erromanga, the
scene of the martyrdom, in 1839, of the Rev. John
Williams and the Rev. James Harris.

While a student in Nova Scotia, Mr. J. D. Gordon
heard of the murder of his brother by the savages, and
immediately offered himself to take the place of him who
had fallen. With the sanction of the Canadian Church,
his services were transferred to the Presbyterian Church

io6 FOREIGN MISSIONS

of New South Wales in 1868. His work lay partly in
the island of Erromanga and partly in the large island
of Santo. After two years of earnest, self-denying work
in the service of this Church, he severed his connection
with us. and in two years more he, too, was counted
worth V to wear the martyr's crown. This cannibal
island of Erromanga, on which so many martyrs have
fallen, is now entirely Christian.

It was not until thirteen years after the death of Mr.
Gordon that this Church succeeded in obtaining another
missionary of her own for the New Hebrides. In 1883
the Rev, J. Inglis, while in Scotland, persuaded the Rev.
W. B Murray, M.A., who had just completed his studies
in Aberdeen, to come out as the missionary of our
Church. After being ordained in St. Stephen's Church,
Sydney, Mr. Murray, with his wife, was settled at
Ambrim : but after a brief career of two years, he
passed away to his reward, and was succeeded by his
brother, the Rev. Charles Murray, M.A., who was
supported by the Presbyterian Church of New Zealand.

THE ISLAND OF MALO.

The Rev. J. D. Landels entered the service of our
Church in 1886, and in the following year he and his
wife commenced work on the island of Malo. Fifteen
native teachers are now engaged in the work, and 700
persons attend the services, while there are fourteen
schools, in which a large number of scholars receive
instruction. The first fruits of the Gospel on Malo was
the young chief Antas His was a noble life, alas I too
short. His younger brother short Iv afterwards entered
our Training Institute, Tangoa, to which our youthful
lady missionary. Miss D. Symonds, B.A. (now labouring
at Sholinghur, India), was appointed in 1898 as one
ol the ti'ach(.'rs. God is abundantly blessing the
work th(^re.

THE ''DAYS/'/aXG" 107

In 1 90 1 the Rev. J. U. Landels retired from mission
work in the New Hebrides, and came to New South
Wales. Havinj^ souj^ht and obtained admission into the
Presbyterian Church in this State, he was called to
Junee, and is now the successful minister of that charge.
In 1902 he was succeeded in the mission field by Mr.
David Livingstone Paterson, whose work has already
been richlv blessed of God.

THE MISSION SHIP.

The first mission ship Dayspriug\ built in Canada,
reached Australia in 1 864. After a useful career of ten
years, the /^<7ji'.f^r?V/^- was wrecked in 1873, and another
vessel was chartered, to which also the name o[ Day spring
was given, and for fifteen years served the Mission well.

But, as the requirements of the mission increased, the
need of a fuller service began to be felt, the old ship was
sold, and an arrangement made with the agents of a line
of steamers trading to the islands, to do all the work.
This arrangement, however, was not deemed satisfactory
bv the veteran missionary, the Rev. Dr. J. G. Paton. He
had set his heart on a new Dayspring. but a steamer this
time, and by persevering effort he succeeded in raising
the necessary funds — this Church contributing — and the
steamer was built ; but, after three visits to the islands,
was wrecked on the i6th October, 1895. Messrs. Burns,
Philp and Companv's line of steamers trading to the
islands are now doiuij the work of the mission, to the
entire satisfaction of the Church and the New Hebrides
Mission Synod.

MISSION TO THE CHINESE.
The idea of employing a European missionary who
could speak Chinese had to be abandoned, as no such
suitable agent could be found. In 1869 a Chinese
convert, Philip Lee Hyung, from \'ictoria, commenced
work among the Chinese on the .Araluen goldfields, where

io8 FOREIGN MISSIONS

a number of his countrymen resided ; but after a time
the effort had to be abandoned. In 1872 George
Ah Len was engaged and continued to labour in
Sydney for a period of eight years, but no great
progress was made.

In 1882 Mr. John Young Wai commenced his
ministry, and now the cause began to prosper.
Mr. Young Wai was born in Canton, China, emigrating
to \'ictoria in 1867, where he was converted and
attended Christian services for three years, after which
he went in for a course of training under the
Foreign Missions Committee of the Presbyterian
Church of Victoria. At Ballarat and elsewhere he did
valuable work for the Church, resigning to accept the call
of the New South Wales Foreign Missions Committee.
Services were for a time conducted in temporary premises,
but the success was such as to suggest the propriety of
making an effort to get a church erected. The move-
ment met with a hearty response, and the church in
Foster-street, Sydney — largely contributed to by the
Chinese themselves — also the Waterloo church, built
some five years ago — furnish gratifying evidence of the
success of Mr. Young Wai's labours. There are from
50 to 60 communicTints in Sydney. About 30 other
members have left during the past few years ; ten
returning to China to be missionaries to their friends and
countrymen there, ten going to Western Australia, and
ten to other places. From 100 to 150 attend the regular
Sabbath services. In the year 1898 Mr. Young Wai
was ordained by the i^resbytery of Sydney, and Foster
Street raised to the status of a sanctioned charge, with a
session consisting of three ordained Chinese elders, and
elders representing the Mission Committee of the
Assembly. Besides Mr. Young Wai there are three
other Chinese missionaries in Sydney connected with

THE AUSTRA/J.LV ABORIGINES 109

Other Churches. Mission work was for a few years
carried on among the Chinese in the Parramatta district.
In Newcastle. Maitland and the Lower Hunter, a Chinese
missionary, Mr. James Kem Yee, is maintained by an
Association of Presbyterian ladies and ladies connected
with different denominations in Newcastle and the
Maitlands ; but the missionary and the mission property
— consisting of a church and small house in Newcastle
— are Presbyterian. Mr. Kem Yee has done very
excellent work, and is much esteemed by his countrymen
and the Church at large.

MISSIONS TO THE ABORIGINES.

Missionary work among the Aljorigines had been
carried on by the Government and bv various religious
bodies ere the Presbyterian Church entered the field.
The Rev. William Ridley, a graduate of the University of
London, who possessed a remarkable talent for languages,
came to the colon v in 1851. at the instance of the Rev.
Dr. Lang, and was ordained bv him, Feeling a deep
interest in the Aborigines, he determined to make trial
of missionary work among them. As we have noted
elsewhere, he journeved with them, and bv adapting
himself with much self-denial to their modes of life, he
soon won the confidence of the tribes among whom he
went. He very rapidly picked up the Kamilaroi
language, into which he rendered parts of the New
Testament. From 1853 to 1857 he laboured in his
mission, chiefly among the tribe called Murri. He
visited those residing on Liverpool Plains and on the
Peel, the Namoi. the Bundara, the Mclntvre, the Barwon,
and Balonne Rivers, in the north-central portion of this
colony. He also visited Moreton Bay, Darling Downs, and
the Condamine River, in Queensland. At the request of
the Government he published a grammar of the Kamilaroi
and other Australian languages. This was sent to the

no FOREIGN MISSIONS

great International Exhibitions in Europe and America,
and excited the interest of eminent philologists, among
them, the late Professor Max Miiller and Mr. Gladstone.
To Mr. Ridley we are indebted for much of the most
reliable information we possess regarding the manners
and customs of the Aborigines ; but through lack of
adequate support he was constrained to abandon his
work. Thereafter, instead of establishing a separate
mission of her own to the Aborigines, our Church
considered that the end would be better answered by
contributing to the support of the Mission to the
Aborigines carried on by the Presbyterian Church of
Victoria. This support, to the extent of £^o per annum,
was continued for many years. Aid was also given from
time to time to the Church of England Mission Station
at Warrangesda, and to the late Mr. Matthew's Station
at Maloga. In 1879 the sum of £%6 was contributed
bv our Church to these Missions. In 1891 — to celebrate
the Federation of the Presbyterian Churches of the
Australian States — a Mission to the Aborigines of North
Queensland was established at Mapoon, on the Batavia
River, and more recently a Station at Weipa on the
Embley River, and later another Station on the Archer
River, and to these Missions the Federated Churches
contribute the proportion assigned to each. The
missionaries employed have been received from the
Moravian Church, and are doing a very splendid and
remarkable work.

CONVENERS OF FOREIGN MISSIONS COMMITTEE.

The following are those who have rendered valuable
service as Conveners of this important Committee: —
The Revs. Dr. Cosh (20 years), John Walker (3 vears),
James Lamont, F.L.S. (2 years), and C. H. Talbot,
the j)resent Convener, who was appointed in
May, 1903.

Chaptkr XI.

WOMEN'S MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.

This Association was formed in 1891, durino- the
visit to the colony of Mrs. Longhurst, of the Church
of Scotland Zenana Mission, Madras, India. The
Constitution of the Association was sanctioned l)v the
General Assembly of New South Wales in 1892. The
object was said to be to assist the Missions of the
Church, and to aid Zenana work in India. With this
the Ladies' Association on behalf of the New Hebrides
{in which Mrs. J. H. Goodlet, Mrs. Moon, Miss Tait,
Mrs. Jas. Anderson, Miss E. M. Forbes, and Mrs.
Jeffreys were prominent workers) was amalgamated.

The first Executive Committee consisted of the
following : —

President . - . . Mrs. J. H. (iOODLET
Vice President - - - Mrs. ALEX. OSBORNE
Treasurer . - - . j\Irs. J. W. FELL
Secretary - . - - Miss E. M. FORBES
Assistant Secretary Miss L COPELAND

The following Sub-Committees and Conveners were
also appointed for the different sections of the work : —
For the New Hebrides, Mrs. Moon ; for the Chinese,
Mrs. T. G. Molvneux; for the Aborigines, Mrs. R. S.
Paterson ; and for the Zenana Mission, Mrs. Manson.

The first missionary appointed bv the Association was
Miss Mary McLean, of Berrv. to work under the direction
of the Church of Scotland Zenana Mission at Madras.
Since then Miss M. McNeill and Miss Daisy Symonds,
B.A., have been appointed. Miss Symonds was in the

TI2 WOMEN'S MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION

first instance sent to the New Hebrides, but after a brief
time of service there, was transferred to India to assist
the Misses McLean and McNeill at Sholinghur.

Sholinghur was an out-station of the Madras Mission
worked by native teachers, with occasional visits from a
missionary, until the end of 1898, when it was put in
charge of Miss McLean, who was shortly followed by
Miss McNeill, M.P.S., and two years later by Miss D.
Symonds, B.A. These ladies, aided by native helpers, have
done splendid work. Schools have been established for
caste girls and non-caste children in Sholinghur and several
adjoining yillages, in one of which, Ramakrishnapet, a
school has been erected by Miss McLean to the memory
of her mother. Many zenanas are open to the teachers,
and there, many wives, mothers, and widows are being
taught, and already there is a small Christian community.

Miss McNeill, who is a trained nurse as well as a
chemist, attends to multitudes of patients at her dis-
pensary, and owing to her enthusiasm a hospital has just
been built and furnished. A doctor is now indispensable,
and owing to the generosity of Mr. W. S. Park, a most
devoted friend and helper of the Church's Home and
Foreign Mission work, the supply of this need is made
possible. Mr. and Mrs. Park have offered to pay the
outfit and passage money of a lady doctor from Britain
to Sholinghur, and her salary for two years. The Women's
Association for F'oreign Missions of the Church of Scot-
land are entrusted with the selection of a suitable doctor.

In 1893 Miss Isabel M. Coleman — an active worker
In the WooUahra congregation — went out to China as a
missionary in connection with the China Inland Mission;
and for the past twelve years she has worked for Christ
in Inland China, in the province of Shen-Si, being
supported by the Woollahra congregation, largely through
its Women's Missionary Association. Miss Coleman is
still in China, and her work has been fruitful.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

OFFICE BEARERS
OF THE WOMEN'S MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION

Plate 29

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

SHOLINGHUR MISSION

Plate SO

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

»f^

?F|?^.|

CHINESE MISSION, SYDNEY

(R,.

Plate SI

Sing. Paul Kum Poy, Thomas Jaw Gee. and

Front Rou.:~IUessrs. Mark Chan Harr, Philip Young Quan, Jan

Timothy Young Gee.

Second '^"—"-^■J^^I^Oee^^.j;;^ Po. Ohee. .e.. J. yoUSG W.l. Messrs. JamesChoy Hing. Luke Oing Hong.
Third — -;^ Je.. C..e ^'^^^r^^^o. .ndre. Yat ,uan. John Pang Suen, Paul George Se..
Bach "o^-'^essr^^^.^P'^Jh, Wong Lum. T.mothy Sue Yan. James Loch. PhiUp Lee Wing, Philip Si Ching. and

GROlVfiVG USEFULN'ESS. LOSSES. 115

In 1895 ^'1^ Foreign Missions Committee being
burdened with a heavy debt, the Association came to its
aid by organising an extensive Sale of Work, held m the
Exhibition Building, Prince Alfred Park. Kvery effort
was made to enlist wide-spread sympathy on its behalf,
with the result that the large sum of ^1,143 los. 2d.
was cleared, and the entire debt was wiped out.

In 1898 the Women's Missionary Association
entered upon a larger sphere of usefulness. The General
Assembly found increasing difficulty in raising adequate
funds for carrying on its growing Mission work, both Home
and Foreign, and therefore authorised the Women's
Missionary Association to collect for both branches of
the Church's Mission enterprise.

Since then there has been a large increase in the
number of branches ; new developments appear from
time to time, and new agencies are brought into existence,
such as : — Young People's Mission Bands, a Girls'
Auxiliary, and a Quarterly Magazine, entitled Ministering
Women, ably edited by Mrs. John Kirkland. The Home
and Foreign Mission Funds of the Assembly have also
greatly benefited.

Changes take place from time to time in the ranks of
the office-bearers. In January, 1903, the revered first
Hon. President, Mrs. J. H. Goodlet, was called to her rest
and her reward. The following resolution was passed in
connection with the sad event : —

The Committee desire to place on record their deep sense of the
loss sustained in the death of Mrs. J. H. Goodlet, the first
beloved President of the ^\'omen's Missionary Association,
and the only President of the Ladies' Association on behalf
of the New Hebrides Mission, during the nearly 35 years of
its exi.stence. The Committee thank God for the inspiration
of her life, consecrated to the cause of Christ and humanity,
and especially for her unfailing interest in, and large help
rendered to, the Missions of our Church and to this
Association.

1 1 4 WOMEN 'S MISSION AR Y ASSOC I A TION

In 1893 Mrs. Jane Dawson became Treasurer, and
this office she held till her death in 1903. She was
greatly beloved by her fellow workers, and her death
was much lamented. Mrs. Fell is again Treasurer of the
Association. The success of the Association has been
largely due to the zeal and energy of the Hon. Secretary,
Miss E. M. Forbes (now Mrs. J. H. Goodlet). She has
travelled much, and, by her kindly disposition and
persuasive speech, has multiplied branches of the
Association throughout the State, remaining continu-
ously at the work, except for one year's absence from
the State, when her place was taken by Mrs. J. J. F. L.
Fergusson.

Mrs. Mary Manson is now President of the Associa-
tion, and she too has distinguished herself by her zeal,
ability, and liberalitv in this good work.

It would be hard to over-estimate the amount and
value of the service which has been rendered by the
Missionary Association, not merely in the Mission cause,
but also in carrying on the general work of the Church,
and arranging hospitaHty on Assembly and other
occasions. In short, whensoever there has been any
special work to do, or any special effort called for to
raise funds, the appeal has usually been to the Women's
Missionary Association, and seldom has it been made in
vain.

Chapter XII.
RELIGION AND MORALS.

As the special mission of the Christian Church is
to quicken and develop the religious life of the
community, and as a Church fulfils the purpose of
her being just in proportion to the amount of the
spiritual gains secured through her instrumentality, it
was obviously a duty incumbent on her to see to it
that proper attention was bestowed on this all-important
matter, and also to the very great question of public
morals. In 1867 the subject was brought under the
notice of the General Assembly by overture, and a
Committee appointed on the State of Religion. A
Conference was held and addresses were delivered with the
view of stirring up the Church to a deeper consideration
of the obligations resting on her in respect of this vitally
important subject. For several years the movement
proceeded but slowlv. and indeed, throughout our whole
history it has been found a matter of great difficulty to
secure for this department of the Church's work, in
Presbytery and Assemblv, an amount of interest and of
effort at all commensurate with its vital importance.
Amid the efforts required to keep the Church's machinery
going, our Church Courts have been prone, apparently, to
lose sight of the great end for which the Church exists.

The work of the Committee on Religion and Morals
has been of a twofold description. It has consisted
partly in combating certain sins and social evils that

ii6 RELIGION AND MORALS

have militated against the progress of religion throughout
the land, and partly in fostering those means and
appliances bv which the religious life is promoted and
the power of vital godliness increased. As regards the
obstacles that lie in the wav of the spread of religious life^
the following are those against which the efforts of the-
Committee have been chiefly directed ; — Intemperance^
Sabbath desecration, gambling, impurity, neglect of
public worship, lack of parental training and of domestic
supervision, unwholesome material and moral conditions,
of the lapsed masses and consequent apathy and
indifference, the opium traffic, and immoral publications.
Against these formidable evils the Church has turned
the weapons of her warfare \yith laudable watchfulness
and zeal, and not wholly without effect. And while
she has been persistent in her attacks upon prevailing
evils, she has not been unmindful of the intimatior^
contained in Scripture, that the only effectual way of
overcoming evil is to bring into operation the power
of good. In accordance with this idea, the Church
has been doing her endeavour by serinons, addresses,,
petitions, memorials and manifestation of the truth
in different ways and forms, to quicken the public
conscience, to stimulate the feeling of Christian
obligation, and thus to create a power working for
righteousness. The duty of family religion has been,
earnestly urged, and the value of prayer meetings and
fellowship meetings has been kept constantly before the
view of th(^ people. During the convenership of the
Rev. VV. H. Ash, Baptismal and First Communion Cards
of attractive design were prepared, and the former
especially are coming into jjretty general use. Since the
Rev. Ronald G. Macintyrc became Convener, a special
Conference on the State of Religion has been introduced
as part of the Assembly's business, and the spiritual
gain of this was felt this year. A Sub-Committee has

THE COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES 117

also been appointed to co-operate with the Convener in
drawing up a Service Book, specially for the assistance
of laymen and Elders willing to conduct services in
small countrv and suburban centres.

COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES.

The most important step in advance, it seems to us,
which has been of late years taken in connection with
this department of the Church's work, is the instituting
of what is called the Council of the Churches. The first
of these Councils — which are now found in most of the
State capitals of Australia — was brought into existence
in the year 1899, through the efforts of the Rev. John
Walker, when Convener of the Religion and Morals
Committee of our State General Assemblv, who also
acted as Honorary Secretary of the Council during the
first six years of its existence. The Council consists of
representatives of the six leading Protestant Churches in
the State, appointed by their supreme courts or unions.
These Councils have in various effective ways brought
the power of their co-operative efforts to bear on public
sentiment, on the Parliament and Government, for the
suppression of clamant evils, for supplying useful
guidance in dealing with social problems, for purifying
the political life of the State, and especially for diffusing
•spiritual health and vigour among all classes of the
community. During the past year or two the Council
has been quiescent, but we hope it will soon resume its
vigorous and necessary functions.

EVANGELISTIC WORK.

One of the methods employed bv the Church for
quickening and deepening the spiritual lite of our people
has been the holding of special evangelistic services
throughout our congregations. Great stress has been
laid by many on evangelistic missions as a Divinelv-
appointed means of quickening. But while opinions

ii8 RELIGION AND MORALS

mav differ as to the enduring result of such services,
it can hardlv be questioned that in many cases they
have had a distinctly awakening, stimulating, and
lastingly useful effect.

The Church has throughout manifested a lively
sym])athy with this form of Christian effort, not only by
appointing and maintaining professed evangelists, but
also by detaching men in settled parishes "to do the work
of an evangelist" for a longer or shorter period — men
having special gifts for that kind of work. The
evangelistic addresses of the Rev. John Walker in his
youthful days produced effects the fruits of which are
still from time to time re-appearing among us. And in
those evangelistic movements of a wider and non-denomi-
national kind, that have been at intervals of a few years
engaged in, our Church has been well represented. The
stirring addresses and powerful appeals of the Rev. Dr,
A. N. Somerville of Glasgow, and of the Rev. John
McNeill, afterwards minister of Regent Square Church,
London, and the Rev. John McNeil, B.A., at one time
minister of the congregation at Waverley, will not soon be
forgotten. Among Christian workers in this department,
we must not omit to mention the name of Mr. David
Walker, who, in addition to the splendid service rendered
bv him as General Secretary of the Sydney Y.M.C.A.
for twenty years, has done no small amount of useful
evangelistic work, both of a private and public nature.
In connection with the Centenary Thanksgiving Innid
— which provided the necessary Founds — and as a result
of the Moderatorial Address of the year 1902, an
Assembly's Evangelist was emploved for eighteen
months, Mr. John Mitchell being aj)pointed to that
position, in which he did good work, maiiil\- in country
parishes. In a similar caj)acity the Rev, J. C. Jamieson
has jusi coiiu; (July. 1905) from New Zealand to give
thr<-e months' work si)cciallv amonc/st vounif men.

CONFESSION AND PRAISE 119

It would ill become us to make pretensions to a
higher measure of spiritual life and energy than is
possessed by other Churches. It would rather be seemly
for us to humble ourselves before God and mourn over
the low standards of spiritual life and work which too
much prevail. But while deeply conscious of much short-
coming, we mav well recognise gladly and gratefully
God's good hand upon us, and give praise unto His
Name for the large measure of robust and intelligent
Christianitv to be found within our borders.

CONVENERS.

Those who, in succession, have held the ofhce of
Convener and rendered valuable service in connection
with this Committee, are the followinor : — The Revs.
William Gardner (1876-9), John Auld, M. A. (1879-84),
T. J. Curtis (1884-7). John Macneil, B.A. (1887-9), John
Walker (1889-93), James Lamont, F.L.S. (1893-4), J.
Alwyn Ewen (1894-8). W. G. Maconochie, M.A. (1898-9),
J. Kemp Bruce (1899- 1902), W. H. Ash (1902-3), Ronald
G. Macintvre, B.D. ,1904-5 — still in office).

Chapter XIII.

SOME PROMINENT DEPARTMENTS OF THE
CHURCH'S WORK.

SUNDAY SCHOOLS.

The Church has throughout bestowed a laudable
measure of attention on the religious training of the
young. It has been her aim to have a Sabbath school in
•connection with each congregation, and to provide that
all the children belonging to our Church should, in one
way or other, have the means of religious instruction
brought within their reach. This has not yet been
fully accomplished. Our people have exhibited strong
sympathy with the Sunday school enterprise, and willing
workers have not been lacking. Soon after the Union,
the work was taken up and a Committee appointed to
take charge of this department. At the outset the
Committee set itself to obtain statistics as to the extent
to which the work had been already entered upon. From
the first returns which were obtained in 1869, it appeared
that about sixty schools were in existence, with over four
hundred teachers and over three thousand scholars. The
Committee then endeavoured to increase the number of
schools and to improve the apparatus for teachers and
the methods employed. Conferences have been held,
papers read on appropriate subjects, and discussions
^Migaged in on the questions raised. The subject of
Sunday school literature has received due attention, and
arrangements hav(^ been made for supplying the schools

SPIRITUAL CULTURE OF TLIE YOUNG 121

"with approved books and periodicals. Ihe erection of
school halls, specially adapted for the purpose, has been
strongly recommended, and the establishment of libraries
for the use of the children. Most of our schools now
have libraries, and the number of halls is yearly increasing,
several having separate infant schools. A scheme of
lessons for each year is issued by the Committee so as to
secure uniformity of teaching throughout the Church.

HIGHER CHRISTIAN EDUCATION SCHEME.

A new and important departure was made when, in
1883, the scheme of annual written examinations was
introduced. The keen competition excited among the
scholars has stimulated the desire to excel, and the
papers sent in on the Shorter Catechism and Bible
Lessons have been such as to furnish gratifying evidence
-of the proficiency of the teaching and the profiting of the
scholars. The essays, too, for which prizes have been
■awarded, have excited surprise by their excellence. For
several years a gathering of scholars was held on Saturday
afternoon while the General Assembly was sitting, and
.addresses were delivered by Members of the Assembly.
These meetings were much enjoyed, and have been revived
during the last two years. The Assembly has also
appointed that one Sunday in the year, to be known as
the "Children's Day" (subsequently called "Young
People's Day "), should be devoted to services specially
suited for the young. Care has been taken to develop
among the children the habit of giving for good objects.
From this source considerable aid has been derived in
carrying on the Mission work of the Church.

Difficulty has, no doubt, in some cases been experi-
enced, in finding competent teachers willing to undertake
the work ; and in some instances the willing ones have
been lacking in the qualifications which it is desirable a
teacher should possess. But, all things considered, the
interests of the young have been well cared for. and

I- SOME DEPARTMENTS OE CHURCH WORK

Sunday school teaching has been brought to a high
state of proficiency. The Church may well be congratu-
lated on the progress attained in this department of her
work. The sixty schools of thirty years ago have now
reached three hundred and twenty-two; the three
thousand scholars have increased to nearly twenty-two
thousand,' and the four hundred teachers have mounted
up to two thousand one hundred and ninety.

In speaking of the provision made by the Church for
the religious training of the young, we must not omit to
mention the fact that a considerable number of our
ministers give religious instruction in the public schools
of the State {in accordance with the provision made in
the admirable Public Education Act of N.S. VV.), and
that it is a common practice with many of them to give
sermonettes to the children as part of the Sunday
morning service in the church. But notwithstanding
all that is being done for the religious training of the
young, it is a matter of common regret that such a small
proportion of our young people make open profession of
the Faith of Christ by joining the membership of the
Church. What the cause of this is, and how the evil can
best be remedied, are questions that have been engaging
earnest attention. Does the fault lie entirely with the
young people, or mav not the blame lie in some measure
with the Church herself, in presenting the sacred ordinance
in aspects not sufficiently fitted to attract.

CONVENERS.

The following are the names of those who, for a
longt-r or shorter period, have acted as Conveners of the
Sabbath School Committee : — Messrs. R. McCredie,
Flugh Hossack, Matthew VVhytlaw, the Rev. A. N.
Mackray, M.A. (now of London), the Rev. Dr. Gilchrist.
Me.ssrs. John Maih-r, David VValkc^r, the Rev. A.
Cardinrr, M.A.. the Kcv. A. Osborne, M.A. (now of

TEMPERANCE WORK 123

Dundee, Scotland), the Rev. James Laniont, I\L.S.. the
Rev. John Burgess, M.A.. Mr. 1 honias Wilson, the Rev.
Richard Miller, B.A., the Rev. R. H. Waui^rh. M.A. ; and,
as Joint Conveners, the Revs. C. A. White. B.A., and
James Cosh, B.D. Mr. White is now the Convener.

TEMPERANCE.

The subject of Temperance has received a full
measure of attention at the hands of the Church. For
several years Temperance was included under the head
of Religion and Morals, but, at last, in 1883. the General
Assembly, in compliance with an overture on the subject,
appointed a Standing Committee on Temperance. In
the following vear the General Assembly gave its sanction
to the formation of a Temperance Association for the
more effective prosecution of the work to be accomplished.
This Association was formed on what is called "'the dual
principle," embracing both total abstainers and non-
abstainers, so as to comprehend the full force ot the
Church in the endeavour to rid the colony of the sin of
intemperance, with the miseries it entails. In addition to
this the General Assemblv recommended the institution
of Temperance Societies on the total abstinence principle
in each congregation, and the formation of " Bands of
Hope" for the young. The Church has also urged the
preaching of special sermons on the evils of intemperance,
the holding of meetings, the distribution of temperance
literature, and the adoption of all those means most
calculated to create a strong sentiment against indulgence
in strong drink.

LOCAL OPTION.

As regards legrislation for the regulation of the Drink
Traffic, the Church has throughout expressed herself
stronglv in favour of the extension of the Local Option
principle, and has united with other K\angelical Christians

124 SOME DEPARTMENTS OF CHURCH WORK

in efforts to bring this about. By petitions to the Legisla-
ture and by a judicious use of her voting power on election
■occasions, the Church has striven to strengthen the hands
•of those who have been exerting themselves to get
wholesome restrictions imposed upon the drink traffic.
■She has contended for the closing of public houses on the
Lord's Day, and has resisted every attempt to relax the
4aw on that subject. An effort was made in 1895 —
■mainly through the action of the Rev. James Milne,
M./\. — to induce the Church to commit herself to an
approval of the Municipal Control of the Drink Traffic,
known as the Gothenburg System; but after the question
had been fully and keenly debated, the General Assembly,
by a majority, declined to give its adherence to that
system. At a subsequent Assembly a resolution was
carried which affirmed the desirability of eliminating
private profit from the traffic.

hi connection with the Local Option principle a
proposal was made to give compensation to those hotel-
keepers who, through the operation of this principle,
might be compelled to shut their houses. A section of
the Assembly was in favour of granting reasonable
compensation, but a majority was found to be opposed to
it. The latest verdict of the Assembly was iox full local
option iLuthout conipensatiou.

Although intemperance does still prevail to a lament-
able extent throughout the State, and although the
miseries which it produces are ever obtruding themselves
upon the view, we are fain to believe that whatever
change there has been in regard to this matter has been
a change or the better.

CONVENERS.

Those who have taken an active part as Conveners of
this Connnittee are: — The Revs. T. K. Clouston, D.D.,
John A\ling, Robert Jackson. M.A., J. W. Inglis. and
Alex. Miller, M..^.. the |)rese^nt C\)nyener.

El'OLUTION OF ClUKCIf PRA/SE 125

PSALMODY.

Evolution is nowhere more exident than in the service
of praise in pubhc worship. In the old days our Hvmn
Book consisted of the Psalms and Para])hrases bound up
with our Bibles. Our conc^rej^ations sat to sin<^ and
stood to prav. Now they stand to sing and bow in
prayer. The first Hynni Book adopted by the Church,
bore the title, J^sa/ms and Hymns for Divine Worships
compiled bv a Committee of the Presbyterian Church in
England. This book contained all the Metrical Psalms,
with a considerable number of our best Paraphrases.
The tunes to which the Psalms and Hymns were set
were suitable — in many cases, admirable. For the.
Psalms, chants were also provided, but chanting was an,
innovation and but slowly gained a footing. In 1883 or
thereabouts, a new book was published by the Presby-.
terian Church of England entitled Church Praise. This
was a marked improvement on its predecessor, and a
very excellent hymnal, and having been sanctioned by
our General Assemblv, soon came into general use. It-
included anthems as well as chants, and these afTordecfe
greater scope for the musical talent of our choirs and
congregations.

Recently, a yet newer Hymn Book has been published.
prepared by a large Committee containing representatives
of the Presbyterian Churches in Scotland and the Presby-
terian Church in Ireland. The book — which bears the
name of the Church Hyninary—\\c\s obtained the approval
of the General Assembly of Australia, and is coming into
general use. A special Australian edition has been
published containing the metrical Psalms and the
Paraphrases complete. This book, it is hoped, will
ultimately supersede all others, and be used in all
English-speaking Presbyterian Churches, and thus prove
a bond of union among the whole family of Presbyterian
Churches throuiihout the world.

126 SOJ/E DEPAKTMEiXTS OE CHURCH WORK

The chief fault found with the Hynunary is the
omission from it of so many of the grand old melodious
tunes, which were the delight of our people in former
years, who recall the gleesome energy with which our
congregations were wont to lift up their voices, and,
like the floods, make a mighty noise, as they poured
forth their praise in such tunes as " Eastgate," " Pem-
broke," "Devizes," "Oldham," "Arabia/' "Desert,"
" Piety," " New Lydia," " New Cambridge," and the
like. The absence of these old favourites appears to
them a palpable defect, and awakens the consciousness
of a painful blank.

PRECENTORS VERSUS ORGANS.

'I'he Hymn Book has had to fight its way into
general use among Presbyterians, in the face of formid-
able opposition. The same may be said of the organ.
In the early days the praise was led by the precentor,
with the aid of his tuning fork. Sometimes the precentor
had no such instrument, or, if he had, knew not well how
to use it. The consequence was that the pitching was a
matter of much uncertainty. Sometimes it was too low
and sometimes too high, and occasionally so high that
the precentor had to be left to scale the heights alone.
Sometimes also congregations were treated to a display
of amusing ingenuity in adapting a common metre tune
to a long metre psalm, or vice versa. But there is an
<,'nd of all that now. The organ has proved of great
service in the matter of praise, especially in the country
districts, where it is not difficult in general to find a
young lady who, having learned to play the piano, can
soon Icari) the organ. In most districts it would be far
easier to liiul an organist than to find a competent
precentor. The organ has proxcd a valuable acquisition
to our congregations and a great comfort to the minister,
who in the early days had ofttimes to act as his own

/'R OGRESS 127

precentor, unless he happened to be blessed with a musical
wife who would not be frii^'itened at the sound of her own
voice. It is not a little amusing in many cases to see
how completely the ancient prejudice against hymns and
organs has become transmitted into a warm appreciation
of them, by lapse of time and experience of their use.

Great progress has of late been made in Church
praise throughout all our congregations, and we may
confidently affirm that, alike in town and country, this
element of our public worship is now rendered in a hearty
and effective manner. If as great progress should be
made in the new century as in the past, we might
warrantably anticipate that by the end of it the melody
of praise in our congregations will have become sweet as
the voice of angels, and a fitting prelude and preparation
for the anthems of the blessed aboye.

Chapter XIV.

THE PRESBYTERIAN FELLOWSHIP UNION
OF NEW SOUTH WALES.

(For the iiifoniiadon contained in this sketcli 1 am chiefly indebted to James S.
Moi.LisON, Esq., M. Inst. C.E., Vice-President of the F.U.)

The Fellowship movement was first introduced into-
this State by Dr. John Moon, who formed a Sabbath
Morning Fellowship Class in connection with St.
Stephen's Church, Phillip Street, Sydney, about the
year 1876. Some time after, Mr. Neil Livingston took
the matter up, and in April, 1879. established a second
Association in the Glebe Presbyterian Church, of which
he was a member. The formation of this Association
was speedily followed by that of others in St. Andrew's,
Pynnont, and Campbell Street, Balmain, congregations.
The St. Andrew's and Pyrmont Associations have for
many vears ceased to exist, but the other three are still
active, though the Glebe Association is the only one
that has met without intermission.

The first years of these Associations were fraught
with much difficulty, as most of our young people were
unfamiliar with the objects and working of the new
movement. Indeed, the Associations could hardly have
continued their existence had it not been for the support
and fostering care of the Revs. Dr. Steel, Dr. W. M.
White, Dr. Cosh, R. S. Paterson, Mr. N. Livingston,
and a f(;w (jlhers.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

FOUNDER, ORIGINAL OFFICE-BEARERS, PRESIDENTS,

AND GENERAL SECRETARIES

Plate

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF NEW SOUTH WALES

Agents for the Church
jN^^HE Home Co^^^^

^^

^'i*^

^%

Re-.' Dr R S DU

EVANGELISTIC GROUP AND HONORARY AGENTS IN BRITAIN

IHate ■;>,

FELLOWSHIP AND UNION 129

It was soon realised that union was necessary in
order to consolidate and extend the work ; and, after
consuhalion, the leaders decided to take steps immedi-
ately in that direction. The Rev. j. M. Ross, late
General Agent of the Church, who had been closely
identified with P'ellowship work in Scotland, gave his
ready assistance ; and in October, i88i,a meeting was
held in St. Stephen's church, at which Mr. Ross gave a
stirring address on the " Fellowship Union of Scotland,"
and a Committee, with Mr. Ross as Convener, was
appointed to draw up a Constitution for the Union and
Rules for Associations. An inaugural meeting was held
on 1 8th January. 1882. in Glebe church. The Rev. Dr.
John Kinross presided ; and on the motion of the Rev.
Dr. Steel the Constitution was accepted, and the Union
established under the clumsy title of the " Young Men's
Sabbath Morning Fellowship Union of the Presbyterian
Church of New South Wales."

The following were the first of^ce-bearers elected : —
Hon. President, the Hon. John Marks, M.L.C.; President,
Mr. J. H. Goodlet ; Vice-President, Mr. J. D. Rutherford ;
Hon. Secretary, Mr. Neil Livingston ; Hon. Treasurer,
Mr. James McLaughlin.

THE CONSTITUTION.

In the Constitution, the object of Fellowship Associa-
tions was described as being —

"To promote the spiritual and moral well-being of their members
by meeting on the Sabbath morning for praise, prayer, and
the study of the Scriptures"
and of the Union —

"To promote Christian intercourse among such Associations, to

increase their number, and to encourage and extend

their influence."
Admirable as were the Constitution and Rules for
Associations in their general principles, time and altered
conditions revealed several defects or suggested improve-
ments. It was, therefore, determined to frame an

I

1 30 PRE SB 3 'TERIAN FELL O WSHIP UNLON OF N. S. W.

entirely new Constitution; and in August, 1899, a
Committee was appointed for the purpose. On April
9th, 1900, the new Constitution was adopted by the
Delegates, and on being submitted to the General
Assembly at its May meeting for confirmation, was
unanimously accepted.

PROGRESS OF THE UNION.

As was implied by the original title of the Union,
its membership was at first confined to young men ; and
some years elapsed before' it was extended to ladies.
Now it is open to all adult persons over the age of
fourteen years.

In 1882, as previously stated, the Union comprised
five Associations which were all connected with city and
suburban parishes. During 1883 four new Associations
were formed, and in the next two years seven were added;
while at the end of 189I; when the Union had been in
existence for ten years, there were thirty-one Associations
on the official list, but five of these were reported as
lapsed. Of the twenty-six Associations in active opera-
tion, nineteen were connected with Sydney parishes, four
were in or near Newcastle, and three in country parishes.
In two the membership consisted of ladies, in twelve of
young men only, and in twelve both sexes w^ere admitted.
Of the fifty-five Associations now comprising the Union,
twenty-eight are connected with Svdnev and suburban
congregations, and twenty-seven are outside the metro-
politan area. The total membership is about 1,800. and
comprises an almost equal number of both sexes. The
average attendance is about 1,200.

It is very encouraging to notice the spread of the
movement into remote districts, and the testimony which
is being constantly borne by country ministers to the
benefit which their parishes have received from the
existence of thee local Associations.

CONFERENCES AND MISSIONS 131

DISTRICT AND INTERSTATE CONFERENCES.

One of the most important developments of recent years
has been the introduction of Interstate Conventions, and
the substitution of District Week-night Conferences for
Quarterly Group Meetings. The Interstate Conventions
are held every second year during Easter week, and
extend over several days. The first was held in Sydney
in 1892; since that time others have been held in
Sydney in 1898 and 1903, in Adelaide in 1896, and in
Melbourne in 1894, 1900, and 1905. These Conventions
have proved of the greatest value in bringing the
members together, stirring up their enthusiasm, and
deepening their sense of fellowship.

An Annual Demonstration is held each year on the
night preceding the opening of the General Assembly,
in order that the country ministers and elders may be
able to attend and get familiar with the working of the
Union. The Moderator of the General Assembly presides,
and addresses are given by prominent ministers and
others. The meetings have been invariably successful.

MISSIONARY ENTERPRISES.

The Fellowship Union has ever striven to induce
Associations to extend their influence beyond the
narrow confines of their own membership ; and nearly
all of them have taken up some form of Christian
work in connection with the congregations to which
they belong. In addition to this, many have conducted
and still conduct systematic hospital visitation, tract
distribution, street preaching, sewing classes for girls,
gymnasium for boys, total abstinence societies, lantern
lectures for non-church goers, mission schools, etc., etc.

With the aid of Look-out Committees an effort is
made to keep in touch with the elder scholars in the
Sunday School, so that before leaving school they may
be induced to join the Associations and so kept in touch
with Church influences.

1 3 2 PRE SB \ 'TERIA N FELL O WSHLP UNION OF N S. JF.

The members of the city, suburban, and country-
Associations have supplied a larj^e proportion of the
workers in tent and other missions conducted in their
respective parishes ; and in the case of the Simultaneous
Mission held in Sydney in 1901, the Associations
rendered very valuable and much-appreciated assistance
in manv centres, both in carrying out the incidental
routine work and in dealing with converts.

In addition to such local missionary effort on the
part of individual Associations, the Union in 1889 — on
the suggestion of the Glebe Association — embarked upon
a general mission scheme. The formulation of such
scheme was left to a sub-committee, who recommended
that the Union should pay the rent, amounting to ;^8o
per annum, of the premises occupied by the Sydney
Chinese Mission of our Church. This proposal was
adopted, and the said rent paid from June, 1890, until
the erection of the Chinese church in Foster Street,
when further payment became unnecessary. The Union,
however, still continued to contribute towards the support
of the Chinese Mission ; and up to 31st December, 1902^
had subscribed over £6^0. In 1899, at the invitation
of the Foreign Missions Committee of the Church, the
Union took over the management of the Chinese Night
School. Mr. Walter Home was appointed superin-
tendent, and Mr. Alfred Atkinson, secretary. With the
assistance of a staff of male teachers, drawn mainly from
city and suburban Associations, these gentlemen
conducted the classes until the beginning of 1902, when
the Union relinquished the work. The Union now
subscribes towards the maintenance of two beds in the
Medical Missionary Hosj)ital at Sholinghur, in India, and
the support of two native teachers on the island of Male,
in the New Hebrides. Towards the close of 1904 the
Union was approached by the Home Missions Com-
mittee of the Church in order to get it to provide lay

THE FEL L O I VSHIP ' ' / VITNESS " 133

preachers for Home Mission Stations. The Union has,
therefore, established a Lay Preachers' and Evangelistic
Association, with a view mainly to assisting tlie Church
in this particular.

"THE WITNESS."

One of the most important means of fostering
the Fellowship cause has been the publication of
The Witness, a monthly periodical, devoted entirely
to news of special interest to members. \x\ July. 1891,
the first issue appeared with three pages of reading
matter ; but the paper has since been enlarged, and now
gives ten pages of reading matter. For many years The
Witness was circulated gratuitously ; but in January,
1903, it was placed on a financial basis, and a charge of
IS. 3d. per annum is now made. The successive
Editors have been the following : —

Messrs. J. Lundy, July, 1891, to February, 1893;
C. A. White (now Rev. and B.A.), March, 1893, to
October, 1893 ; W. McClelland Inglis, November, 1893,
to April, 1897 ; R. A. Eraser, May, 1897, to November,
1898 ; W. McClelland Inglis, December, 1898, to June,
1899; Reginald Atkinson, Julv, 1899, to August, 1902;
James S. Mollison, M. Inst. C.E., September, 1902, to
May, 1903; the Rev. R. Kay, M.A., June, 1903, to
January, 1904 ; Messrs. Oliver Hogue, February to June,
1904 ; T. A. Stocks, July to August, 1904 ; the Rev. \Vm.
Beck, September, 1904, to February, 1905 ; Mr. \V. J. E.
Davies, B A., LL.B , March, 1905 (still in office).

In conclusion, it must be conceded that the
Fellowship Union, which is a distinctlv Presbvterian
movement, has proved itself a most valuable auxiliary to
the Church. Over a score of our Ministers received the
first impetus towards embracing their high calling in
Fellowship Associations, and the same can be said of the
majority of the Theological students now in training. A

1 34 PRESB YTERIAN FELLO WSHIP UNION OF N.S. IV

verv large number of Fellowship men hold office in our
Church Courts ; and the young men and women who are
studying the Scriptures in the Fellowship Associations
and obtaining facility in the expression of their religious
convictions, will in a few years be available for useful
service in the Church.

The aim of the Union is to create in the Church an
enlightened and energetic laity who will be able and
willing to assist the Church and her ministry in the work
of the organisation and extension of Presbyterianism in
New South Wales. The achievement of the past has
been great, but that of the future will be immeasurably
greater, when the Union has appointed an Organising
Secretary to periodically visit and stimulate the country
Associations.

OFFICE-BEARERS.

It would be difficult, and perhaps undesirable, to give
a complete list of those who have rendered distinguished
service to the movement during the twenty-three years
of its existence ; but it may be mentioned that, since
1892, the position of Honorary President has each vear
been held by the Right Reverend the Moderator of the
General Assembly. Prior thereto, the Honourable John
Marks, M.L.C., filled the position for two years, Mr. J.
H. Goodlet for four years, the Honourable A. Kethel,
M.L.C., for three years, and the Rev. R. Collie, F.L.S.,.
and the Rev. Dr. W. M. White for one year each.

The following are the successive Presidents: — Messrs.
John Hay Goodlet, 1 882- 1 883 ; Thomas Davis, 1 884- 1885^
J. D. Rutherford, 1886-1890; John Mars, 1 891- 1892; the
Hon. Alexander Kethel, M.L.C., 1893 ? Messrs. John
Kirkland, 1894-1896 ; James S. Mollison, M. Inst. C.F.,
1897-1903 ; John Mars, 1903 (still in office).

While the following are the successive General Secre-
taries:— Messrs. Neil Livingston, 1882 and 1886-1894;

OFFICE-BE A REKS 1 3 5

A. George, 1883-1884; Win. Duncan, 1885; W. McClelland
Inglis, 1 895- 1 899 ; Chas. Wynne, 1 899-1 901 ; H. L.
Atkinson. 1901-1903; W. j. \l. Davies, B.A., LL.B.,
1 903- 1 904 ; '\. A. Stocks, 1905 (still in office).

Many have been the devoted workers who have
acted as Conveners of the Visiting and PIxtension,
Finance, Missions, Lectures and Conferences, The
Witness, Syllabus, and other Committees ; and on these
has fallen the task of organising and fostering the various
enterprises which have done so much to strengthen the
Union and extend its influence.

Chapter XV.

FINANCE AND PROPERTY.

Shortly after the union of the different sections of the
Presbyterian Church in 1865, a Committee was appointed
to consider the best mode of dealing with the properties
of -the Church and of transacting whatever business
might arise in connection therewith. The properties of
the Church consist of sites for churches, manses, schools,
colleges and the buildings thereon, also glebes and
cemeteries. These properties have been acquired partly
by grant from the Crown, partly by gift from private
persons, and partly by purchase. An effort was made to
ascertain the amount of property belonging to the
Church and the tenure by which it is held.

APPOINTMENT OF AN AGENT.

In 1867 a Committee was appointed to consider the
expediency of appointing an Agent who should have
control of this business, and custody of the documents.
It was resolved that the Agent's duties should be (i) to
transact all business with the Government ; (2) to deal
wilh the revenues due to the Church from the church

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

MEMBERS OF TREASURERSH I P COMMITTEE, 1904

Plate

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF AUSTRALIA. IN THE
STATE OF NEW SOUTH WALES

OFFICIALS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, 1905-6

Plate iO

COMMITTEES APPOINTED 137

and school lands ; (3) to transact all business and to
conduct all correspondence regarding the temporalities
of the Church. To this position the Rev. Adam
Thomson was appointed. A salary of ^25 per annum
was to be paid to the Agent out of the funds passing
through his hands. It was resolved to make a renewed
effort to obtain all title deeds, and that these should be
placed for safe keeping in the Church Office.

In 1870 a Committee was appointed to examine the
J^eniporalities Act \\\\\q\-\ had been passed by the Govern-
ment, and to consider what amendments had become
necessary by the altered conditions of the Church.

In 1873 the Rev. Adam Thomson resigned his
appointment as Agent of the Church, and the Rev. Henry
Macreadv was appointed in his stead. In pursuance of
an overture introduced by the Rev. Dr. McGibbon, the
General Assembly resolved to make application for a new
Temporalities Act, which Act was passed in 1881, and to
have a Model Trust Deed prepared.

STANDING COMMITTEE APPOINTED.

With a view to the more efficient discharge of this
important department of the Church's work, the General
Assembly of 1881 appointed a Committee — which was
named The Church Property, Law, and Documents
Committee — to be one of the Standing Committees of
the Church, Mr. Macready to be Convener ex officio.
The duties hitherto devolving on the Church's Agent
were handed over to the Rev. John Miller Ross, General
Agent of the Church. On the retirement of Mr. Macready.
the Rev. Roger McKinnon was appointed Convener, and
discharged the duties until, in 1889, the present Convener,
the Rev. Dr. George Machines, was appointed. The
amount of business falling to be dealt with by this
Committee was enormous. In negotiating with congre-
gations on the one hand, in regard to the properties held

138 FINANCE AND PROPERTY

by them and the due fulfilment of the Trusts on which
they are held, and with the Government Departments on
the other, respecting grants and title deeds, and in
securing the legislation called for in order to the effective
management of our property, in all this diversified
business, delicate points and diflficult questions are ever
and anon cropping up, and it is a fortunate thing that the
Church has for its Convener of this Committee one
possessed of such clearness of vision and legal acumen as
belongs to Dr. Maclnnes. In this department of the
Church's work, as in most others, Mr. William Wood has
for some vears been of very great service.

APPOINTMENT OF LAW AGENT AND PROCURATOR.

In dealing with the properties of the Church, as
questions of law were frequently cropping up, the
necessity of having a Law Agent to whom reference might
be made in cases of difficulty, made itself felt, and to
meet this desideratum, at the Assembly of 1883, Mr-
John A. Aitken, Solicitor and an active Elder, was
appointed the Law Agent of the Church, with a seat in
the General Assembly, and it is due to him to state that
he has guided the Church wisely and well through the
legal difficulties which have beset her path, and earned
for himself the gratitude of the Church.

.•\ further forward movement with regard to the legal
work of the Church was the appointment, in the year
1895, of a rising Sydney barrister to be the Procurator of
the Church, with a seat in the Assembly; and we would
make record of the immense advantage it has been to our
Church in dealing with all questions of property and law,
to have had tli(^ guidance of the learned Procurator,
Mr. John Garland, M.A., LL.B. By his legal ability,
his power in debate, his conciliatory spirit and wise
counsels — all of which have been freely placed at the

FUND FOR CHURCH EXTENSION PURPOSES 139

service of the Church — he has helped greatly towards
wise decisions in inlricatt^ and far-reaching matters.

THE MAJORITY FUND.

In the year 1885 attention was called to the fact that
in the succeeding year the United Church would be
twenty-one years in existence, and might thus be said to
have attained her majority. It was suggested that the
best way of celebrating this important fact would be to
start a Fund for the purpose of freeing the Church from
the fetters of debt, and supplying her with the means of
prosecuting the work of Church extension with greater
energy and better effect. The idea was cordially
approved by the General Assembly, and a Committee
was appointed to devise a scheme and report to next
Assembly. The scheme was formulated and approved,
and in order to launch the Pund a public meeting was
held in the Young Men's Christian Association Hall,
presided over by the Moderator. The meeting was a
hearty one, and a good start was made in the way of
obtaining subscriptions. The payments were to extend
over five years, and deputies were appointed to visit
each parish of the Church and advocate the scheme.
Although the times were adverse, over ;^35.ooo were
promised and £, 26,3108s. 8d. paid. As no large part
of the money received was funded, but applied to meet
present necessities, the permanent visible benefit result-
ing from the effort was less than had been anticipated.
If account be taken of the size of the Church when
the effort was made, however, the result must be
regarded as highly creditable to the generosity of our
people. The ministers of the Church, according to
their means, showed a laudable example of liberality.
From three to four thousand pounds were subscribed
by them. The subscriptions had a wide range, from
ten shillings upwards. One donor subscribed / 1,100,
and five others ^2.750 between them.

r4o FINANCE AND PROPERTY

CENTENARY OF PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN AUSTRALIA.

The close of the Nineteenth Century being near at
hand, and with it the completion of the first hundred
years of Presbyterian Church \york in Australia, it was
deemed a fitting time to review the situation, both with
regard to things past and things to come. The opening of
the Twentieth Century and the fulfilment of the First
Century of our Church in Australia was regarded as an
occasion of momentous interest and significance, and one
well fitted to awaken throughout our branch of the
Christian Church earnest thoughts as to the obligations
resting upon her and the work giyen her to do ; a
moyement was therefore inaugurated to celebrate suitably
both of these historic facts and at the same time to launch
with adequate impetus the work of the Twentieth Century.

In the Assembly of the year 1898 the Rev. John
Walker, then minister of WooUahra, introduced an
overture with the object of bringing prominently before
the Church the desirability of giving Presbyterians
throughout the State the opportunity of recognising the
good hand of God in all the work in which they had
been engaged throughout the century which was just
drawing to a close. The Assembly appointed a Com-
mittee to consider and perfect a scheme which had been
prepared by Mr. Walker for the carrying out of the object
indicated; and in the year 1899 the Centenary Thanks-
giving h^und Scheme was adopted, the main provision
being that the Church set itself forthwith to raise One
I iundred Thousand (luineas as an offering of thanksgiving
to God. Contributions were to be invited from all the
members and adherents of our Church, accordiniy to
I heir abililv, the principle of the scheme being that every
Pr(^sbyterian throughout the State, rich and poor, should
be afforded the opportunity of contributing. It was
determined in the first instance to extend the working of
tin; I'und over three years.

CENTENARY TJJANKSG I I'ING MOVEMENT 141

The list of the objects entitled to j)articipate /.n; ?7;/«

in the General Fund of this Scheme, and adopted by the
General Assembly, was as follows: —

1 Foreign Missions (ReseiVL-) ... ... .. ... ^5,000

2 (Jhurcli Extension, including Cities, Towns, and Sul)uii)s,

and Expenses of Importing Ministers (Reserve) ... 10,000

3 Religious Instruction in Public Schools (Capital) ... 5.000

4 Aged and Infirm Ministers' Fund (Ca[)ital) ... ... 3,000

5 Widows and Orphans' l''und (Capital) ... ... ... 3,000

6 Theological Professorships (Capital) ... ... ... 13,000

7 Ceneral Capital l'"uiid for Ceneral I'^.xpenses (jf Church

(Capital) ... 13,000

8 Bursaries for Ministers' Children — Boys and Cirls —

Fatherless Ciiildren to have the Preference (Capital) 5,000

9 Church and Manse Loan Building Fund (Capital) ... 2,00a

10 l\Hchase of Church and Manse Sites in New Districts —

Purchase Money to be refunded when possible . . 3,000

11 Debts on Churches and Manses ... ... ... ... 20,000

12 Presbyterian Ladies' College, Croydon ... ... ... 8000

13 Scots College, Double Bay ... .. ... ... 5,000

14 St. Andrew's College, Sydney University ... ... 1,000

;<^96,ooa
The following to be a first charge on tiie amount raised
under the General Scheme, namely : —

15 The Debts on the General Fundsof the Church(say)^7,ooo

16 The Publication of a History of the Church (say) 500

17 The Expense of Carrying Out the Scheme (say) 1,500

Total Amount of First Charge ... 9,000

Grand Total ... ... ... ... ... ^105,000

The Scheme also permitted donors to allocate up to
eighty per cent, of their contributions to the F'und towards
liquidating debts on churches, manses, or schools, or for
the erection of such buildings — and this permission has
been largely availed of, to the immense advantage of
nearly every parish, but to the necessary decreasing of
the sum available for the purposes of the General Fund.

It was also resolved, as will be seen above, that a
History of the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales
should be compiled and published in connection with the
Scheme, and provision was made for this in the list of

142 FINANCE AND PROPERTY

objects adopted by the Assembly. So that the long-
desired History of our New South Wales Church is
one of the many advantages yielded bv the Centenary
Thanksgiving Fund to the Church.

In connection with the working of the Centenary
Fund, the Rev. John Walker was appointed Commissioner
of Assembly, and it was decided that he should be set
free from the work of his parish in Woollahra for twelve
months, so that he might be at liberty to devote the
whole of his time to this important and onerous work.
Suitable arrangements were made by the Committee for
the supply of the Woollahra pulpit, the expenses in
connection therewith being charged to the Fund.

The work was entered upon in the year 1899. within
three months from the rising of the Assembly, and a
year later, i.e., in May, 1900, the report submitted to the
Assembly showed that about one-fifth of the whole
amount aimed at had been promised. In the year 1901
the promised contributions to the Fund had reached the
. sum of ^,'35,000.

The period of three years for which the Fund was to
run was now approaching completion, and it became
evident to the Committee in charge that — owing to the
dire drought and the vast extent of the State — the work
would require to be carried on for a much longer time
than was at first anticipated. Representations were
therefore made to the General Assembly with a view to
extending the period.

In the year 1902 the Commissioner was called to the
Moderatorial Chair, and the Church thus gave expression
to her .sense of obligation to the Rev. John Walker for
the service he had rendered in connection with the
Ct^ntenary Fund movement, the vote of the Presbyteries
being practically unanimous. In his Address as
Moderator Mr. Walker gave an outline of various new
departures in organisation which he considered to be
necessary if the Church was to continue the forward
inovement which had been inaugurated, and he urged

RE V. JOHN WALKER A PRO INTEL) COMMISSIONER 1 43

that there should be a large expansion and extension in
connection with the development of the Church's work
and resources throughout the State.

To this appeal the Assembly promptly and heartily
responded; and having in view also the desirability of
continuing the work in connection with the Centenary
Fund movement and of prosecuting it vigorously to a
successful termination, the General Assembly determined
to sever the Commissioner from his parish, and to appoint
him to continue in his present office of Commissioner of
Assembly for a further period of five years from May,
1902. Terms having been adjusted, Mr. Walker
accepted the appointment, and was accordingly severed
from his parish and left entirely free to devote himself
to the work o[ promoting the interests of the Centenary
Thanksgiving Fund, and of developing the general work
of the Church From that time the work has been
continued with unremitting zeal and vigour, and at
present (notwithstanding the fact that throughout most of
the period during which the Fund has been working, the
conditions, on account of drought and other causes, were
most unfavourable) the sum of ^66,087 3s. i id. has been
promised to the Fund from 10,032 subscribers. Of this
amount no less than ^47,738 lis. 6cl. has been actually
paid in cash.

It should perhaps here be stated that the first gift to
the Fund was a cheque for one thousand guineas from
Mrs. Wm. Grahame of \\'averley, given for the general
purposes of the Fund. Closely following this excellent
lead, in point of time, was ^2,000 from the Messrs. Ross
Brothers, of Kinross, Germanton, and ^525 additional
from Mr. and Mrs. Wm. E. Ross, then of Fri Park,
Darlington Point. Mrs. W. J. McGaw, of Kooba
Station, near Whitton, and Manly, and the late Mr. John
Gillespie followed, giving one thousand guineas each.
After which, at varying dates, the following gentlemen each

144 FINANCE AND PROPERTY

gave five hundred guineas: — Messrs. J. C. Ryrie, junr.,
Maffra, Cooma ; R. T. Keys, Bengalla, Muswell brook ;
Adam Park, Glen Barra, Armidale parish ; and J. F.
Fleming, Kelvinside. Aberdeen; while Mr. and Mrs. John
Crawford of Paddington (VVoolloomooloo parish) and Mr.
John Russell of Croome, Albion Park, gave each ^500
Manv other large and generous gifts have been received,,
some of the largest, proportionately to abiHty, being from
those who are not rich. As we go to press the Fund has
received a new impetus by a generous gift of three
thousand guineas from the Hon. Sir Samuel McCaughey,
M.L.C., of Yanko, Narrandera.

At the time when the Centenary Fund was inaugu-
rated, nearly all the great schemes of the Church were
being hampered and the work delaved by the existence
of debt in connection with almost every Fund. The
Home Mission enterprise was being largely retarded and
the extension of the Church seriously hindered by the
existence of a very large debt. Through the working of
the Fund the whole of these arrears have been provided
for, and at the Assembly of 1902 the Church was in the
happy position of being able to record that every Fund
was in credit. The result of this upon the general
work of the Church cannot be estimated, and the effect
at once became apparent in the renewed vigour and.
energy displayed in every department.

A very interesting and instructive illustration of the
success which has attended the whole movement was.
supplied to the General Assembly at its meeting in 1905.
In the saving of interest alone to congregations on local
Building F\uul debts and interest formerly chargeable tO'
various .Assembly Funds on account of debit balances, the
whole of the expense in connection with the working of
the Scheme, inckiding the payment of the supply for the
VVoollahra pulpit and the salary allowed to the Commis-
sioner had been met, and there was still a balance of_^50.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

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See Appendix VIII. for Names of Members.

OF ASSEMBLY, 1888

Ion Plate -'.7

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

Donors of Scholarships and Prizes in St, Andrew s College

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Plate S9

Chapter XVI.
BENEFICIARY FUNDS.

AGED AND INFIRM MINISTERS' FUND.

In 1866 an overture was introduced into the General
Assembly, " To establish a scheme for the succour of
decayed ministers and for the succour of the widows
and orphans of the ministers of the Church, and to
appoint a Committee to consider the subject." A
Committee was appointed accordingly, Dr. Douglass,
Convener.

In its first report the Committee stated that, in its
judgment, the two schemes should be worked separately,
and that the need of making provision for the widows
and orphans was the more pressing, and was entitled to
prior consideration. In consequence of this, the Aged
and Infirm Ministers' Scheme was left in abeyance.
But in 1876 an overture anent the establishment of an
Aged and Infirm Ministers' Fund, signed by forty-three
Members of Assembly, was submitted, and the Assembly
resolved, "That the overture be referred to a Committee
to prepare a scheme and to submit the same to next

146 BENEFICIARY FUNDS

General Assembly." A scheme was prepared, and, after
sundry modifications and improvements, was adopted,
and an appeal made to the wealthier members of the
Church for donations to the Capital Fund.

The scheme has been from time to time remodelled,
and much care has been bestowed in making it as
perfect as possible. At one time it was hoped that the
necessity of imposing an annual rate on the ministers
might be avoided, but after a fair trial this idea was
abandoned in the interests of the stability of the Fund.
The final revision of the present Regulations took place
in 1893, and the main provisions are : —

1. All ministers joining the Church under fifty years of age

become members.

2. The rate from ministers is ^^5 each per annum.

3. Congregations contribute annually by means of collections.

4. The Assembly alone determines who shall become beneficiaries.

5. The annuity granted to beneficiaries (if the revenue permits)

is ;2^ioo, and thus far this amount has been paid. In
addition, congregations contribute a sum between ^35 and
^75 in lieu of manse, which the retiring minister has
to leave.

6. If a minister leaves the State or ceases connection with the

Church, he receives back a certain proportion of the rates
he has paid into the Fund.

The chief difficulty experienced in connection with
the working of the scheme has arisen from congregations
failing to make the prescribed collections for the Fund.
The idea is unfortunately abroad that ministers alone are
interested in the Fund, but in recent years congregations
are beginning to realise that their interests also are as
deeply concerned as those of the ministers, and it is
gratifying to state that the collections are on the
increase. The regular and pr()mj)t payment of the
ministers' rates is secured by deducting them quarterly
from the Sustentation Fimd dividend. The disparity
between the amounis contributed bv ministers and
congregations is, however, very marked. For the

AGED AND INFIR.]r .}rL\TSTERS' FUND \a,1

eleven years ending 1903 the ministers paid in rates
;^7,i59, while congregations contributed only ;^ 1,502.

It has been the steady aim of the Committee to
augment the Capital Fund, and as only a small amount
can be transferred from year to year to that object from
the surplus on the ordinary revenue, much will depend on
another source. Already several members of the Church
have by donations and bequests given to the Capital
Fund, and this matter might be kept in view by communi-
cants and adherents generally. The following is the list
of the larger benefactions to this Fund : — Mr. Joseph
Paxton, ;,^i,ooo; Mr. David Berry, ;^ioo; Dr. George
Fullerton, ^^400; the Hon. John Frazer, ^^i.ooo; Mr.
Wm. Wallace, ;^ 100 ; Mrs. Carmichael (Seaham), ^,300;
Mr. Robert Logan, ;/, 250 ; the Rev. Henry Macready,
jf 200 ; Mr. John Gillespie, ;^^ 100 ; Mr. Michael Scobie.

The latest statistics show that there is a membership
of 135 ministers; there are fourteen beneficiaries; the
revenue for 1904 was ^1,501 3s. lod.. and the Capital
Fund has now reached ^13,099 6s. lod.

Those who as Conveners have rendered important
service in connection with this Fund are the following: —
The Revs. J. B. Laughton, B.A., Dr. Geikie, James Adam.
M.A., J. M. Ross, J. W. Inglis. and John Burgess, M.A.
The last-named, after ten years' service, resigned in Mav,
1905, and was succeeded by the Rev. Robert Steel, M.A.

THE WIDOWS AND ORPHANS' FUND.

At an earlv period m our history the necessity
became evident of making some provision for the
widows and children of ministers who might be cast on
the care of the Church. As a rule the stipends of
ministers are so small and the calls on their purses so
various and so constant, as to preclude them from making

148 BENEFICIARY FUNDS

any adequate provision for those whom they must leave
behind them. In 1865 the matter was brought under the
notice of the General Assembly, and a Committee was
appointed |o draft a scheme. This was sent down to
Presbyteries for their report, and, after undergoing various
modifications, was finally adopted by the Assembly in
1869, and became the law of the Church.

The loth article of the scheme is as follows : —

On any ininis.ter, having interest in the Fund, dying and leaving

a widow, there shall be payable to his widow, should the

state of the funds permit, an annual allowance of not less

than thirty pounds ; and, in the event of his leaving a

child or children under seventeen years of age, there shall

be paid to her an additional annual allowance of not less

than ten pounds, the latter allowance, however, to cease

on the only or youngest child arriving at that age.

In the event of the widow dying, the widow's portion is paid for

the children till the youngest is seventeen years of age.

The scheme, with the minor changes suggested by

experience, has worked well, and the Board to which the

management of the Fund has been entrusted has fulfilled

the trust reposed in it with praiseworthy fidelity. The

quinquennial investigations have been duly made, as

prescribed by the r^Jles, by Mr. David Garment, actuary,

and the accounts have every year been duly audited.

The revenue is steadily increasing, and the Fund is

believed to be in a thoroughly sound condition.

The annual revenue has now reached within a little
of ;^i,ooo, and the invested capital amounts to from
;;^ 1 3,8 1 5. The Fund was greatly strengthened by
Mr. Joseph Paxton's handsome bequest of ;^ i ,000 in
the early days of the Fund, and further legacies would
enable the annuitants to be more- liberally dealt with.
There are now ( 1905) sixty-four members on the books
and twenty-one annuilants. This will give some idea of
the usefulness of ihe Inrnd, ihough it is much to be
wondered at that so many of our ministers are not shewing
appreciation of this valuable Fund by becoming members.

IVinOlVS AND ORPHANS' FUND 149

Dr. Douglass and Mr. Matthew Whitelaw, senr., were
the first who gave donations to the Fund. The Revs.
Adam Thomson, Dr. Fullerton, and R. CoHie gave
valuable services. The Rev. R. S. Paterson has acted
as Chairman nearly from its initiation, and, by the aid of
his colleagues on the Board, has established the Fund on
a successful and substantial basis.

The following donations and bequests have been
received by the Widows and Orphans' Fund, in addition
to several smaller amounts : — The late Mr. Joseph
Paxton, ;^ 1,000 ; the late Mr. Wm. Wallace, ;^'ioo; the
late Mr. Robert Logan, ;^25o ; the late Mrs. Talbot, ^^40;
the late Mr. John Gillespie, ^100 ; the late Mr. M.
Scobie, £<2\ 10s. ; Centenary Thanksgiving Fund, £<^2. ;
Mr. and Mrs. J. Gardener Garden, ;^io los. ; the late Mr.
James Anderson, ;;^'5.

Chapter X\'II.
OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS.

ST. ANDREW'S COLLEGE.

The University of Sydney is by its constitution a
purely secular institution. No provision is made for
religious culture. To supply this defect an Act was
passed by the Government, in the vear 1867, entitled
''The Affiliated Colleges Act.'' Under this Act an offer
was made to the Churches to erect colleges aflfiliated to
the University, in which the religious element would be
dulv provided for. The terms were liberal: A site
adjoining the Universitv whereon to build; pound for
pound towards the building; and an annual salary of
;^5oo for the Principal of the College. In consideration
of these advantages the Act prescribes that tutorial
assistance, moral supervision, and systematic religious
instruction shall be given to the resident students while
attending the Universitv classes.

Amongst Presbyterians the question now began to
be keenly debated whether a movement should be
started with the view of taking advantage of the liberal
provisions of the Act, or whctlu-r it would not be better
for the Church to erect a Theological College of her own
for the training of voung men for the Ministry. In the
Synod of Eastern Australia especially the debate was
prolonged and lively. The Rev. Alex. Salmon moved:

ST. ANDREW'S COLLEGE 151

"That as the indiscriminate endowment of rehj^ion was
involved in the provisions of the Act, the Church does
not feel at liberty to avail herself of the privilej^es offered."
The Rev. Dr. Cameron moved : —

"Tliat in the opinion of this Synod, tlieir availing themselves of

the aid offered by the Government of the colony for the

erection and endowment of a Presbyterian C.'ollege to be

affiliated to the University of Sydney involves no violation

of sound principle whatever, and is in full harmony with the

principles and practice of the Free Church of Scotland; and

that their declining to avail themselves of the invaluable

privileges connected with national university education in

this land would be unjust to the people under their charge

and in every way prejudicial to the interests of Free Church

Presbyterianism in this colony."

Dr. Cameron's motion was carried. In support of

this motion Dr. Macintosh Mackay made a great speech.

which was afterwards published in the form of a pamphlet.

At a subsequent meeting of the Synod, however, the

resolution thus come to was rescinded and a Committee

appointed to consider the best policy to pursue in regard

to the question of theological education. Some action

was taken in the other Synods in regard to this matter of

an Affiliated College, but the prevailing impression was

that the time had not yet come for taking action, and that

as negotiations for Union were proceeding, it would be

better to wait until the Union had been effected.

Accordingly, nothing further was done until, shortlv after

the Union, overtures and petitions were sent in to the

General Assembly urging that action should be taken for

attaining so desirable an object. A Committee was

appointed to deal with this whole question and to report

upon the bill which had been introduced into Parliament

for the establishing of a Presbyterian College.

DECISION TO ESTABLISH A COLLEGE.

The bill underwent various modihcations, but it was at
last accepted and a motion was carried in the General
Assembly to proceed with the work of establishing the

152 OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

College. Strenuous opposition was offered, but the battle
was at length won for the College, and the following
instructions were given to the College Committee: —

1. So soon as the College Bill shall have become Law, the

Committee shall resolve itself into a provisional committee
to take charge of all matters connected with the proposed
institution until the Council of the College shall have been
elected and shall enter upon its functions.

2. The said provisional Committee shall institute a Fund under

the name of "The St. Andrew's College Fund," and shall
appoint a treasurer pro tempore. A subscription list shall
be opened, and all monies that may be received shall be
paid to credit of said Fund in one of the banks.

3. When the provisional Committee shall find that the amount

of money subscribed is sufficient to warrant it, the
Moderator of the General Assembly, as Visitor, shall be
requested to convene a meeting of the subscribers to elect
the first Council of the College; voting by proxy being
allowed.

4. No member or members of the College Committee shall take

any action in matters connected with the proposed
College without the authority of the Committee.

A provisional Committee was accordingly appointed,
as follows: — Ministers: William Purves, M.A., Adam
Thomson, Dr. J. Dunmore Lang, Dr. Steel, George
MacFie, A. C. Geikie, M.A., Alex. McEwen, William
Grant, M.A., John Kinross, B.A., William Ross, M.A.
(Goulburn), William Ross, M.A., Ph.D. (Wentworth\
William Ridley, M.A., S. F. Mackenzie, M.A. Elders:
Messrs. George Bowman, M.L.A., Neil Stewart, Dr.
Douglass, the Hon. S. D. Gordon, M.L C, the Hon. John
Richardson, M.L.C., Messrs. William Neill, I). L. Waugh,
J. P., Alex. Dodds, M.L.A., Matthew Whytlaw, senr., Vix.
George Busby, Captain Moodie. Treasurer: Mr Robert
Anderson. Secretary : The Rev. janics Cameron, M A.
(Richmond).

A public meeting was held in Sydney on 29th April,
1868, presided over by His Excellencv the Governor (the
Iv'irl of Belmore), at whic^h resolutions were passed

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF NEW SOUTH WALES

I

t-i

ST. ANDREW'S COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY

Slwiving College and Grounds

Plate ill

ST. ANDREW'S COLLEGE. UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY

PRINCIPAL, PROFESSOR, COUNCILLORS, TRUSTEES,
AND RESIDENT TUTORS, 1904

Plate >,1

ST. ANDREW'S COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY

EX-COUNCILLORS FROM THE FOUNDATION UNTIL
NOVEMBER. 1904

I 'late U2

FIRST COUNCIL OF ST. ANDREWS 153

expressive of satisfaction at the passing of an Act for
the estabhshment of St. Andrew's College. A subscrip-
tion list was opened, and an encouraging start made with
the raising of the necessary funds. An appeal was
prepared by the Committee for distribution throughout
the colony, setting forth the objects and advantages of
the College and its claim on the support of Presbyterians
and of the friends of education generally.

Deputations were appointed to visit all parts of the
colony and to solicit subscriptions. A list of colonists in
the Home Countrv to whom application might be made
was prepared, and communication opened with them. A
public breakfast was held in Sydney during the meeting
of the General Assemblv, with the view of interesting the
country brethren in the movement. As the result of all
these energetic efforts funds flowed in freely, and it soon
became evident that no difficult v would be experienced
in securing the amount requisite to entitle us to the
privileges of the Act.

ELECTION OF THE FIRST COUNCIL.

In September, 1870, it was resolved to take steps for
the election of the Council of the College. The date fixed
for the election was the 7th November, and preparations
were made for carrying out the election in due form. A
list of subscribers was prepared, properly authenticated,
showing the number of votes to which each was entitled.
Nominations were called for and scrutineers appointed.

On the day appointed a public meeting of the sub-
scribers was held in Phillip Street Church, Svdney,
presided over by the Rev. William Grant, M.A., of
Shoalhaven. The secretarv read the list of nominations.
The list contained the names of sixteen clergvmen
and twentv-three lavmen. Onl\- tour clergymen were
required and eight lavmen. A ballot having been
taken, it was found that the followinir four clerorvmen

t5.

stood highest on the list : — The Revs. Dr. Steel,

154 OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Adam Thomson, Dr. Lang, and Dr. Cameron. The
eight laymen who obtained the largest number of
votes were the following : — The Hon. John Richardson.
M.L.C., Mr. Andrew Brown, J. P., the Hon. John Frazer,
M.L.C., Mr. D. L. Waugh, J. P., the Hon. S. D. Gordon,
M.L.C., Messrs. J. H. Goodlet, J. P., John Campbell, and
Charles Smith. These were accordingly declared to be
duly elected as the first Council of the College.

The first meeting of the Council was held on the
29th November, 1870. Mr. R. Anderson was appointed
treasurer and Dr. Cameron, secretary. The first thing to
which the Council directed its attention was to secure a
suitable site for the College, and a deputation was
appointed to negotiate with the Senate of the University.
It was found that the site which the Council desired to
obtain was the one which had been allotted to the
Wesleyans, and also that a portion of it had been applied
for on behalf of Prince Alfred Hospital. A conference
was subsequently held of all the parties concerned, with
the result that it was agreed to grant ten acres as a site
for the Presbyterian College, with a frontage of 375 feet
to the Missenden Road.

APPOINTMENT OF FIRST PRINCIPAL.

The question of the appointment of a Principal was
introduced, and motions submitted on this subject.
Much difficulty was experienced in coming to a con-
clusion. Many meetings were held and many motions
made ere the matter was finally determined. The result
was that the Rev. Adam Thomson was elected by a
small majority, and was declared Principal of the College.
Much disappointment was felt bv Dr. Lang and his
many friends throughout the colonv that the appointment
had not been conferred on him, and he subsequently
availed himself of his opportunity to belittle and dis-
parage, in a very unbecoming spirit, those who did not
support his candidature. I>ut as one fullv conversant

FIRST PRINCIPAL OF ST. ANDREW'S 155

with all the facts and with the feelini^s which prevailed
in the Council rei^arding him, the writer can honestly say
that it was no unfriendly feeling towards Dr. Lang that
prompted the majority of the Council to withhold the
coveted honour from him. We would gladly have grati-
fied his wish if with good conscience we could have done
so. I)Ut we had before us the fact that the College which
he had himself brought into existence had collapsed, and
we knew very well that a capacity for administration
was not among the great talents which he possessed.
Moreover, he was then over seventy years of age,
and it was impossible not to see that the infirmities
of age were already beginning to exhibit signs of
their presence. In these circumstances we felt pre-
cluded by a conscientious regard for the best interests
of the institution from committing the practical working
of the College into his hands.

The College having now been provided both with
a Council and a Principal, proclamation was made
in the GoveriinieiU Gazette of its Inauguration. Dr.
Lang disputed the validity of the procedure and
applied to the Supreme Court for a Quo Warranto to
cancel the Inauguration. The case was tried in Banco
and lasted two days, when it was decided unanimouslv
that the application be dismissed. Dr. Lang intimated
that he intended to appeal to the Privv Council for a
reversal of the decision that had been gi\en, but he
thought better of it and abandoned the appeal.

As the College was now in a position to commence
its proper work, it was determined to look out for a
building which might serve the purpose of temporarv
premises; and a house in the Newtown Road, not far trom
the Universitv, which appeared suitable for the purpose,
was leased for two years, as a considerable time must
necessarily elapse ere the permanent building could be
erected.

156 OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

ERECTION pF THE COLLEGE BUILDING.

Mr. William Munro was appointed Architect, and
instructed to submit as soon as possible suitable plans
with estimate of cost. The plans having been approved
both by the Council and by the University, it was resolved
that tenders be called for. Of the tenders received the
highest was ^'18,000, and the lowest ^14,180. The
latter, that of Mr. John McLeod, was accepted. Mean-
while several valuable donations of books were received to
form the nucleus of a library, and Mr. J. H. Goodlet
generously intimated that he was prepared to give ^50
per annum for three years to provide a Scholarship in the
College for theological students. Over ^10,000 had
now been subscribed, of which over ;^8,ooo had been
paid, the site had been conveyed and fenced in, and the
by-laws had been prepared and adopted.

The time had therefore come for laying the foundation
stone of the building. This was done on Saturday
afternoon, the 9th of May, 1874, by the Rev. Dr. Kinross,
Moderator of the General Assembly, and ex officio
Visitor of the College. A large and brilliant concourse
had gathered to witness the ceremony. The Rev. Dr.
Cameron supplicated the Divine blessing on the under-
taking; the Principal, the Rev. Adam Thomson, made a
statement regarding the College and the contents of the
jar to be embedded in the stone, and then handed to Dr.
Kinross the trowel and mallet for the laying of the stone,
which was done in due form, after whic^li the meeting
concluded with the BenedicMion and thrt;e cheers for Her
Majesty the Queen.

DEATH OF THE REV. ADAM THOMSON.

Only a few months after the laving of the stone the
inournful intimation was made to the Council that the
(esteemed Prin(M])al, the Rev. Adam Thomson, had
dcparl('d this life at Cypress llall, the temporary College,

OPENING OF ST. ANDRE irS COLLEGE 157

on Sabbath eveniiii^, the 8th day of November, 1874. A
Committee was appointed to prepare a suitable Memorial
Minute, which was as lollows:— ^

The Council desires to record its deep regret at the early
removal from the College of the late Principal, the Rev.
Adam Thomson. He took an active and intelligent
interest in the establishment of the College, was one of the
provisional Committee, and aided in collecting funds for
its erection. He was chosen by the subscribers one of the
four Clerical Councillors, and was appointed the first
Principal. Accomplished as a divine, ripe in wisdom,
sagacious in counsel, charitable in sympathies, singularly
urbane in manner, devoted to the Church whose ministry
he adorned, and to the College as a means of benefiting
the rising youth in the works of the higher learning, he was
highly esteemed by this Council. The Council desires to
express its sympathy with his bereaved widow and family,
and authorise the Secretary to send them a copy of this
Minute.
The Rev. J. B. Laugh ton, B.A., was appointed to
siicceed Mr. Thomson in the Council of the College, and
the Rev. Dr. Kinross was elected to the Principalship.

Building operations proceeded apace, and arrange-
ments were made for laying out the grounds, and for
providing the requisite furniture for the College.

THE OPENING.

Things were now sufBciently advanced to warrant the
Council fixing a date for the Opening. At the time
appointed — 22nd July, 1876, at 2 p.m. — the Council met
and adjourned to a large hall in the College, where
the ceremonv took place in the presence of a crowded
audience. It commenced with a religious service,
presided over by the Rev. James Cameron, D.D.,
Moderator of the General Assembly. The musical
portion of the service was rendered by a selected choir,
and the Rev. J. B. Laughton read Scripture. The Rev.
Dr. Moore White offered prayer, after which, a hymn
having been sung, the Moderator offered the prayer of

158 OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

dedication, delivered an appropriate address, and then
formally declared St. Andrew's College to be opened for
the purposes of its institution. The religious service
being concluded, the Principal (Dr. Kinross) delivered
an instructive Inaugural Address. The Rev. Dr. Steel
also in a brief address expressed cordial congratulations
on the happy event. The Doxology having been sung,
the meeting was dismissed with the Benediction.

The space at our disposal will not admit of our going
into many details of the work since the College was
opened.

DR. KINROSS, AND THE COUNCIL

For a quarter of a century Dr. Kinross presided over
the Institution with a wisdom, zeal and ability such as to
command the confidence and earn the gratitude of the
Church and of the colony. During the whole of that
period he was at his post, with the exception of the time
expended in two visits to the Mother Country, when Dr.
Cameron took charge. There have been many changes
in the composition of the Council since the first election.
Of the first Council only one clerical member survives.
Dr. Cameron, and only two of the lay members. Messrs.
Goodlet and Campbell. Among those who have been
Councillors, the Revs. Thomson, Lang, Steel, Laughton,
Fullerton, Jarvie, Cirimm, Geikie. and Cosh are all gone.
Messrs. J. Richardson, J. Marks, D. L. Waugh, J.
Paxton, vS. D. Gordon, j. Frazer, G. Campbell, A.
Dodds, A. lirown, and C. Smith liave also all passed
away. Admirable men they were all of them, who gave
liberally both of ihcir lime and money to advance the
interests of the College.

The Council as at present constituted consists of the
following, in addition to the Rev. Dr. Andnnv Harper, the
Principal: — The Kcvs. Drs. Cameron. Bruce, and
Clouslon, and Messrs. J. II. (ioodlet, |ohn Campbell,

BENEFACTIONS AND SCHOLARSHIJ'S 159

Edward P)o\vman, LL H., the Hon. George E. Fuller, M.A.,
M.P., Dr. John Hay, the Hon. Senator^}. T.Walker, and
Mr. John Garland. LL.l). The present Trustees are the
Hon. Sir Normand MacLaurin, M.D., M.L.C.. the Hon.
Dugald Thomson, M.P., Messrs. H. C. L. Anderson,
M.A., and Arthur Bowman. B.A.

BENEFACTIONS.

The liberality displayed toward the College has been
of the most gratifying description. In addition to the
large amount expended on the building, numerous scholar-
ships have been founded, which have proved most helpful
to young men and women in the prosecution of their
studies. Memorial windows have also been contributed.
whic:h serve to adorn the building, and large donations
have been received of valuable books.

LIST OF ST. ANDREW'S COLLEGE SCHOLARSHIPS.

1. The Frazer. — To resident Students for the Ministry.

2. The Coutts. — To resident Students in any Faculty.

3. The Struth — To resident Students in tlie Faculty of Arts.

4 The Gordon. — To resident Students in the Faculty of Arts and

to Students for the Ministry.
5. The Bowman. — To resident Students for the .Ministry who have

taken their B.A. Degree.
6 The Stewart. — To resident Students for the Ministry after

Matriculation.
The Stewart. — To resident Students for the Ministry preparing

for Matriculation.
The Lawson. — To resident Students for the Ministry who have

taken their B.A. Degree.
'1'he Fullerto.n. — To resident Students in Medicine or l)i\iniiy.
The Alexander Gordon Ross. — To resident Students for the

Ministry either during their Arts or Divinity course.
The College Council's. — To resident Students of any Faculty.
The Stewart. — To Daughters of Ministers attending the Ladies'

College, Croydon.
The Jarvie Hood 1'rize. — To resident students in Medicine.
The Bowalvx Prize. —To resident Students, for Proficiency in

DebatiiiiT.

i6o OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

The administration of the Estate of the late Rev.
Colin Stewart, of which the College Council was made
Trustee, has entailed a good deal of work. From this
source several of our scholarships are derived. The
management also of the CooerwuU Academy, Bowenfels,
of which the Council is Trustee, lays additional responsi-
bility upon that body.

In 1892 the College was enlarged at a cost of ^8,000.
By this, room was provided for additional students and
suitable accommodation for the theological classes.
The Council has endeavoured throughout to maintain
harmonious relations with the Church, and to co-operate
with her in the work of theological education. The
Principal has lent his aid and given every assistance in
his power to the Theological Tutors in the work of training
men for the ministry.

THE HUNTER BAILLIE BEQUEST.

The Hunter Baillie Estate, which the Equity Court
in 1900 adjudged to belong to St. Andrew's College,
and which yields about £']00 a year, has placed the
College in a position to render valuable aid in the work
of theological education. A professorship of the Hebrew
Language and Literature has been instituted, with a
salary of ;^500 per annum, and the first appointment
to this Chair was conferred on the late Rev. James Cosh^
M.A., D.I). The balance of the revenue goes towards
a professorship of the English Language and Literature,
to which the Rev. Dr. Kinross has been appointed. The
salary for this is at present small, but there is every
likelihood that it will increase.

The late Mr. Robert Anderson rendered valuable
service to the College as hon. secretary and treasurer;
and not less valuable was the service rendered by his
son and successor, Mr. James Anderson. The Hon.
Senator J. T. Walker, the j)res('nt treasurer of the
College, has been exceedingly ht'l|)ful in carrying on

PRESBYTERIAN LADIES' COLLEGE. CROYDON. SYDNEY

BUILDINGS, THE PRINCIPAL AND STAFF

Plate hU

COOERWULL ACADEMY. BOWENFELS, N.S.W.

VIEWS OF THE ACADEMY

With Portraits of l^ast PriniifKils, tlw pr,s,nt Primiiiat ami Staff, 1904

Plate V5

APPOINTMENT Oh PRINCIPAL HARPER i6i

the business of llit; College, especially in connection with
the enlargement of the building, and Mr. William Wood
is a most e(fici(;nt secretary.

GREAT SUCCESS OF THE COLLEGE.

In point of the numbers enrolled and the honours
gained, St. Andrew's College occupies a foremost place
among the Affiliated Colleges. A large number of the
youuiJf men who have passed through the College are
now occupying distinguished positions in the [)ublic and
professional life of the State, and the results altogether
haye been such as to conyince us that we did a wise
thing when we built St. Andrew's College.

PRINCIPAL HARPER.

In the year 1901, the Rev. Dr. Kinross having
intimated his desire to be relieved of the Principalship
of the College, the Rev. Andrew Harper, M.A., D.D.,
of Ormond College, Melbourne, was. unanimously
appointed to succeed him. Dr. Harper is possessed of a
variety of qualifications of an exceptionally high order,
and under him the College is advancing from year to
year. A new and beautiful residence has just been built
for the Principal separate from the College, the former
residence being incorporated with the College, which
now provides residential accommodation for about fifty
sluclents, the Vice-Principal, and four other tutors.

THE LADIES' COLLEGE.

1 he want of an institution in \\!iich the daughters ot
our people might receive a high-class education, imbued
with the spirit of religion, having long been felt, the
General Assembly in 18S5 appointed a Committee with
instructions to look out for a site, to obtain funds, and, if
possible, establish such an institution. Every effort was
made to obtain a suitable site at the North Shore, but

i62 OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

without success. Regulations were framed for the
government of the College and recommendations sub-
mitted as to the appointment of a Provisional Council ;
but no real progress was made until several gentlemen
generously came forward to guarantee the expense that
would be involved in starting the institution. The names
of the guarantors were reported as follows: — Mr. J. H.
Goodlet, the Hon. Alexander Dodds, M.L.C., Messrs.
J. B. Elphinstone, Alexander Dean, the Rev. Andrew
Gardiner, the Rev. Dr. Cameron, Messrs. J. P. Walker
and James Ewan. By resolution of the General Assemblv
the guarantors were to be included in the Committee of
Management. With the guarantee of support to rest on.
the Committee rented a large house at Ashfield in a
convenient situation and with ample grounds attached.

DR. JOHN MARDEIM APPOINTED PRINCIPAL.

A Principal was advertised ior, and out of eighteen
applications, Mr. John Marden, M.A., LL.D., at that
time of the Methodist Ladies' College, Melbourne, was
unanimously appointed. From his academic standing,
his experience and success in teaching, and his high
Christian character, the Committee felt confident that the
appointment would be a success, and such indeed it has
proved to be. A Lady Principal was at the ^ame time
appointed and a start was made, and in the hrst month
there were already on the roll thirtv pupils, c^f whom
fifteen were boarders. The number of pupils advanced
rapidly and the accommodation tor boarders became
speedih- exhausted.

CROYDON PROPERTY PURCHASED.

The need ior mcreased accommochuion having
become urgent, the Committee began to institute enquiries
as to a site for a permanent building. N'arious properties
were inspected, but none wen? deemed suitable, until at
last the Committee havitu-- learned that I hi' residence of

CONSTITUTION OF THE LADIES' COLLEGE 163

the late Mr. Anthony Hordern, at Croydon, was for sale,
resolved to purchase the property on behalf of the
guarantors, for the sum of ;^7,5oo. The building already
on the ground was admirably adapted to serve as a home
for the IVincipal and his faniilv, and plans w^ere procured
of a College to connec^t and harmonize with the existing
buildings. The General Assembly having approved of all
that iht' Committee had done, the building was proceeded
with, and when completed was opened with bt-fittmg
ceremony by His Excellency the GoNt^nor and the
Countess of Jersev, in the month of March, 1891.

CONSTITUTION OF THE LADIES' COLLEGE.

The following proposed Constitution for the College
was adopted by the General Assembly : —

1. The College shall be called the Presbyterian Ladies" College,

Sydney.

2. 'I'he objects of the College are to afford to young ladies a

high-class education and religious instruction in accordance
with the standards of the Presbyterian Church, as well as
hoard and domestic su[)ervision.

3. 'Pile management of the College shall be vested m a Council

of ten members and the Principal of the College, six of
which Councillors shall he the Trustees of the College.

4. The (General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of New

.South Wales may remove any or all of the Trustees who
shall have been relieved from all liabilities which shall ha\e
bv'en incurred by them as 'I'rustees. When a vacancy
occurs in the 'Prus'.eeship, by resignation or otherwise, the
(\)uncil may electa new Trustee to fill such vacancy, subject
to the a|)proval of the said (General Assembly. The first
Trustees shall be the Rev. James Cameron, I).I) , the Rev.
Andrew Gardiner, M..A , aid Messrs. Alexander Dean,
Joseph Paul Walker, J J!. I'^lphinsione, and John Hay
Coodlrt.

5. The four members of Council, other than Trustees, shall be

elected by the said General Assembly, two of which
members shall retire annually. i)u! shall be eligible lor
re-election.

6. The Council shall elect a Chairm.in from its own number

annually.

1 64 OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

7. 1 he said General Assembly shall appoint an auditor annually

to audit the College accounts, and such auditor shall render
his report to the said Cieneral Assembly through the
Council.

8. Tiie Council shall have full power to appoirit and discharge

all officers, make by-laws, and act generally in the manage-
ment of the College.

Two handsome donations were obtained to the
College, one, ^,'1,000, from the Trustees of Presbyterian
school property in Erskine Street, Sydney, and the other,
;^500, towards the building fund, from Mrs. J. Hunter
Baillie. The property, with all the various additions and
improvements which have from time to time been effected,
has cost not far short of -£^0.000, but the money has
been well spent.

THE BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS.

The buildintjs are situated on the heiiihts of Croydon,
three minutes' walk from the railway station. The
grounds are upwards of six acres in extent, and there is
a gradual slope on all sides, ensuring excellent drainage.
The garden is laid out in lawns and quiet walks and has
abundant shade, while the number and variety of plants
and shrubs are intended to provide an e\'er-changing
object-lesson in horticulture. The house and College
together con.stitute a magnihcent pile of buildings. In
preparing the plans of the College every care was taken
to adapt it as far as possible to the purpose it was
intended to serve. The buildings contain in all about
seventy rooms, which are arranged and turnished so as to
secure in the best manner and in the highest degree th(^
comfort, convenience, and education of the pupils.
Eighteen rooms are set a])art lor school purposes, compris-
ing school hall (70 teet x 35 feet), studio and gvnmasium
(60 feet X 22 feet), numerous class rooms, laxatones, and
music rooms. The Im-nilurc of the school hall has been
sj)eciallv imjiorted, and has been designed to prevent or
( orrcet the evils ot shoit M<dit, round shoulders, etc.

PRESBYTER J AN LADIES' CO J. LEGE, CROYDON 165

There is a science room litled up with an excellent
laboratory, fossils, rocks, shells, etc. The rooms are all
large, airy, well lighted and ventilated. Most of ih*-
bedrooms contain only two beds. There are no
dormitories. There are numerous bathrooms, provided
with hot and cold water. The passages and verandahs
are wide. The College is provided with milk from its own
cows, and the laundrv work is done o\\ the premises.
There is a large library, stored with good books for the use
of the pupils. There are also tennis courts and provision
for games and recreations of different sorts, to induce th(3
girls to spend as much time as possible in the open air.

All the branches usuallv included under the head
of accompHshments are amplv provided for — modern
languages, literature, the fine arts, music, drawing,
painting, elocution, and calisthenics. The religious and
moral tone of the institution is excellent. The domestic
arrangements, while they conduce to the health and
comfort of the girls, are calculated to yield to them
those pleasantries and social enjovments which consti-
tute the chief charm of the home. The consequence
is that the pupils love the College and their life in it.
As a tree is best known bv its fruits, the best evidence
of the effective teaching and wholesome tiaining
received in the College is that supplied bv the large
number of highly-cultured ladies now settled in homes of
their own all over the State, who look back with grateful
feelings to the happv days they spent in the Presbyterian
Lidies' College at Croydon.

ENLARGEMENT.

Such has b(^en the o^rowiiiij demand tor admission to
the College thai it has again been found necessary to
enlarge the building at a cost of nearlv ^3,000, ;^2,ooo
of which was obtained from the sale of the Erskine Street
school propertv. The new wing comprises three large

1 66 OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

class-rooms, nineteen additional and commodious bed-
rooms, with various other useful adjuncts and increase of
playground.

If a liberal system of scholarships were instituted, it
would open the way for many a gifted girl to secure the
coveted privilege of being educated in this College, from
which she would otherwise be debarred. A commence-
ment has just been made (May, 1905), Mrs. John
Frazer, of Quiraing, Woollahra, having generously
founded one annual scholarship, entitling to free board
and education, for the daughters of country ministers ol
the Presbyterian Church in New South Wales, while the
Council have founded another fc^r the same purpose.

COOERWULL ACADEMY, BOWENFELS.

This Academy was built bv the late Andrew Brown,
J. P., of CooerwuU, Bowenfels, a councillor of St. Andrew's
College, and an esteemed Elder of the Presbyterian Church.
The object Mr. Brown had in view was to provide a
superior education for the youth of our Church, and to
supply such religious instruction and training as would
contribute to retain them in connection with the Church
of their fathers. When the building had been erected,
Mr. Brown applied to the writer for advice and aid in
starting it. As no guarantee was offered, it was doubt iul
whether any really good man crould be found willing to
maki; the venture of the principalship. Proceeding to
Melbourne, I conferred with the IVincipal of the Ladies'
College and als(j with Dr. Alexander Morrison, Principal
(')f th(,- .Scotch College. Dr. Morrison said there was one
of his teachers, Mr. W. S. Page, M.A., who had been
with him for eight years and who would be very suitable.

COOERWULL ACADEMY, BOWENFELS 167

MR. W. STEWART PAGE, M.A., FIRST PRINCIPAL.

Having propounded ihe idea to this gentleman, he
said he would need time to consider it, as no guarantee
was offered. Eventually Mr. Page agreed to come
and take the risk. 'I'he Academy was opened in
February, 1883, with one pupil sent from the Hawkesbury,
who continued the onlv pupil for the first quarter — not a
very promising beginning! In the second quarter the
number of boarders reached fifteen, and before the
year was out it had mounted up to over forty. The
revenue increased rapidly until it reached over ^4,000.
A lease was granted to Mr. Page for three years,
the rent to be paid being seven per cent, on the gross
revenue. The lease was afterwards renewed and the
percentage increased from seven to ten.

NEW WING ADDED AND OTHER IMPROVEMENTS.

Additions having been urgentlv called for, a new
wing was added on one side and a spacious dining hall
on the other. A large and substantial gvmnasium has
been erected and excellent bathing arrangements have
been provided, and water has recently been laid
on from the Lithgow water supply. The cost of
these additions and improvements amounted lo over
_^'2,ooo. The money was found by Mr. Brown, and he
stipulated that six per cent, interest should be paid for it
out of the revenue of the College. But when Mr. Brown,
by deed, made over the propertv to St. Andrew's
College as Trustees for educational purposes, he at
the same lime surrendered his claim for repayment
of the -£2,000 advanced for additions, stipulating that
the monev should be regarded as a capitalised fund,
the interest to be devoted to the founding of two
scholarships to help voung men, pupils of the Academv,
to go forward to the Ministrv of the Presbvterian Clvurch.
The Academv, as now completed, is a thoroughly-
equipped establishment and admirablv adapted for its

i68 OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

purpose. The Academy grounds are ample comprising
sixteen acres freehold with seventv acres leasehold, on
which the school hospital stands. The abundant scope
thus provided for cricket, football, tennis, and other out-
door sports is a great privilege for the boys and greatlv
conducive to health.

PRINCIPALS FLINT. CRAIG, AND McMANAMEY.

Mr. W. Stewart Page continued in charge of tlu-
Academy till 1895, and was succeeded by Mr. C. A. Flint,
M.A. — both of them scholarly men and efficient teachers.
Mr. Flint having indicated his desire to be relieved of
the management of the institution, Mr. J. T. Craig, M.A.,
of Melbourne, was appointed in Julv, 1900, to succeed him.
Mr. Craig was an admirable man, and under him the
Academy was making rapid progress, but his life was cut
short by a sudden and fatal illness, and he passed awav
beloved by his pupils and highly esteemed by his manv
friends for his scholarly attainments and Christian
character. He was succeeded bv Mr. John McManamev,
B.A., an experienced and successful teacher, under whom
the Academy is making gratifying progress.

The Academy is beautifully situated amid picturesque
surroundings, at an elevation of some 3,000 feet. The
district is noted for the salubrity of its climate, and bovs
thrive admirabh- there. The Academv has a splendid
record. A large number of vouths have passed through
it, who have distinguished themselves al the Universitv
and are now occupying influential positions in the learned
professions and in the j)ul)lic life of the vState.

COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT.

( Appointed by the Council uf St. Antlrcws Collei;c, L'niTosity of Svdiirv ).

The I^ev. James Cameron, M..'\., D.I), (chairman),
Mr. John Hay, LL.l)., Mr. John L. Urown (hon.
treasurer), the Hon. .S(,'nator |. 'W WalkcM", Mr. John
Garland, M.A., LL.ll, Mr. William Wood, ]\\ (hon.
.st;crelary).

THE SCOTS COLLEGE. ROSE BAY, SYDNEY

THE BUILDINGS

With Portriiit^ of Prindpal aiul Staff, 1904

Plate !,6 i„,

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

THEOLOGICAL FACULTY

Including the Honorary Lecturer, the Reu. John Anderson Gardiner, B.A.

Plate h:

SCOTS COLLEGE, SY'DNEY 169

THE SCOTS COLLEGE.

In the year 1890 the Rev. fohn Walker moved in
the General Assembly — "That a Committee be appointed
to take immediate steps for the establishing of a Presby-
terian Boys' College in Sydney." A Committee was
appointed accordingly — the Rev. John Walker, Convener.
For two years the only [progress made was the obtaining
^^ /500 froni the Erskine Street Trustees- — mainly
for the reason that no one could be found willing to
become guarantors for the necessary outlay. In 1892
Mr. Walker resigned owing to pressure of work, and the
Rev. W. M. Dill Macky, D.D., was appointed Convener
of the Committee. At length the Committee succeeded
in making arrangements with the Rev. A. A. Aspinall,
B.A., by whom the financial difficulty was overcome, and
premises were rented at Lady Robinson's Beach. A con-
stitution for the Institution was prepared, and the College
was oj^ened with all due formality by His Excellency the
Earl ()( jersey, Governor of the colony, on the 28th
January, 1893. Starting with twenty five boarders and
ten day pupils, the numbers rapidly increased. The
institution continued to prosper, but it soon became
manifest that the localitv was on various ofroirnds un-
suitable, dhe attention of the Council having been
directed to the family mansion of the late Judge
Josephson. which it w^as understood might be obtained
at a moderate rent, the i)roi)erty in question was
examined and, being deemed eminently suitable, was
secured, and the College was transferred to that locality.
The Council was fortunate in obtaining a lease of this
splendiil {property. No better position could well have
been found. The College is situated on Bellevue Hill,
overlooking Rose Bay, and commands magnificent vdews
in all directions, including the finest reaches of Sydney

I70 OUR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Harbour. The rooms are lofty and spacious, and the
grounds — eight acres in extent — are beautifully laici out
in flower and vegetable gardens, lawns, and orchards,
while the sports ground, (^i ten acres, is ample in extent
and conveniently situated.

CONSTITUTION OF SCOTS COLLEGE.

At the General Assembly in May, 1899, the constitu-
tion of the College was modified so as to bring it into
closer relation to the Church, and is now as follows : —

1. The name of the insn'tution shall be the Scots College,

Sydney.

2. The objects of the College shall be the religious, moral, and

intellectual training of boys.

3. Boys of good character, irrespective of the religious

denomination to which they belong, shall be eligible for
enrolment as pupils, and no boy whose parent or guardian
objects shall be required to attend any classes for special
religious instruction.

4. The management of the College shall be vested in a Council

of eleven members, including the Principal, six of whom
shall be Trustees of the College. The Council shall elect
a chairman from its own number annually, and the
chairman so elected, who shall not be the Principal, shall
have both a deliberative and a casting vote.

5. The Moderator of the (leneral Assembly shall be the Visitor.

6. The General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of New

South Wales may remove any or all of the Trustees who
shall have been relieved from all liabilities incurred by them
as Trustees. When a vacancy occurs in the trusteeship,
by resignaiic^n or otherwise, the Council may elect a new
Trustee to fill such vacancy, subject to the ap[)roval of the
said (leneral Assembly. The first Trustees shall be the
Rev. Dr. J. S. White, the Rev. John Macaulay, M.A , Dr
George Armstrong, Messrs. John Heron, Hugh Strahorn,
and John Cameron; and the four members of the Council,,
other than the Trustees, shall be the ReV. W. M. Dill Macky,
the Kev. Dr. Hruce, Messrs. William Rigg, M L.A., and
William Wood, J. P.

7. The four members of the Council, other than the Trustees-

(two being ministers and two being elders), shall be elected

SCOTS COLLEGE BULLDLNGS 171

by the Oeneral Assembly. Of these members one minister
and one elder shall retire annually, but shall be eligible for
re-election.

8. The present Princi[)al, the Rev. A. A. Aspinall, B..^., shall

continue to be the Principal of the College, and it is
provided that he shall be relieved of all liability before
being removed from the office of Principal.

9. Every future Principal shall be ap[)ointed by the Council, at

a meeting s[)ecially convened for the pur[)ose.
10. All masters and teachers in the College shall, in the mean-
time, be appointed by the Principal, subject to the approval
of the Council.

THE BUILDINGS.

The school building.s are entirely separate, at a
convenient distance, from the house. They comprise
six spacious and well-appointed class-rooms, built round
two sides of a quadrangle, which is roofed in and fitted
up as a gymnasium, together with a large school hall and
music room. 1 here is also a chemical and physical
laboratory, fitted with the usual modern apparatus.
With the additions recently made the school buildings
and teaching apparatus are very complete. Ample
provision is made for religious training and for the moral
supervision of the boys.

In short, the institution is thoroughly equipped with
all necessary appliances for fulfilling its appointed end —
the imparting of a first-class classical and commercial
education to the pupils, boarders and day scholars alike.
A good many Scots College boys have already passed
through the University, while others are there now, and
they are to be found all over the State, many of them
occupying positions of social inlluence and business
importance. Since they came to the State their Excel-
lencies Sir Harry and Lady Rawson have taken a great
interest in the College and have shown much kindness
to the boys.

Chaptkk XVIII.
THEOLOGICAL EDUCATION.

At an early stage in our history the necessity of
making some adequate provision tor the training of men
for the Ministry became strongly telt.

Each section of the Church i)rior to the Union in
1865 had some provision for meeting this want. The
United Church took up the matter promptly and addressed
itself to the work in a more systematic and effective
manner. In 1873 ^^^^ General Assembly appointed six
of its members to constitute a Theological Faculty for the
jMirpose of making adequate i)rovision for the training of
a native ministry. A curriculum ol study was drafted,
and a series of negotiations adopted lor (effecting the end
in view. It was resolved to appoint three Tutors to
conduct classes and give instruction in those subjects
usually embraced in a course of theological study in the
Home Country. A communication was received from
St. Andrew's College offering to ])rovide accommodation
for these classes and to co-o|)erat(' with the (Church in the
work of theolocric d (-(hicalion Three Tutors were

o

accordingly appointed the Revs. ). H. Laugh ton, ILA.,
John McGibbon, LL.I).. and Robert Steel, D.D., Dr.
.Steel being elected President of the I''ac:ulty. Changes

THE TIIEOLOCICAL TUTORS 173

in the teaching staft resulting from deatii and other
causes took place as the work went on and fresh appoint-
ments were made. The Rev. William Ridley, M./\.., the
Rev. A. Milne Jarvie, and the Rev, (George Grimm, M.A.,
held appointments as Tutors, and at an early date the
name ot the Rev. Dr. Cosh appears in this capacity.
On the death of Dr. Steel in 1S93, ^^^- ^(^•'^h, \\\\(^ hael
been connected with the Divinity Hall work for nearly
twenty-two years, was elected President of the Faculty.
Dr. Steel had thrown himself into the department of
theological education with wondertul enthusiasm, and con-
tributed largely by his personal inlluence, as well as by
the popularity of his prelections, to advance the cause.
Dr. Cosh manifested a like devotion and did much to
improve and perfect the arrangements for carrying on
effectively this important department of the Church's work.
On the death of Dr. Cosh, in 1900, he was succeeded by
the Rev. T. E. Clouston, D.D., as President of the
Faculty. With commendable zeal and energy Dr.
Clouston has given himself to the work, and his labours
have been productive of the happiest results. Our
Theological Tutors hitherto have been, for the most part,
pastors of congregations as well as teachers of theology,
and this has been a great drawback, laymg burdens on
willing shoulders too heavy for them to bear. But as no
money was as yet available for theological professorships,
there was no help for it. At last, however, things
assumed a more hopeful aspect. .St. Andrew's College,
having, through a decision ot ihc F(|uit\' Court, become
entitled to the revenue dcrixetl from the estate of the
late Air. J. Hunter Raillie, the Church saw the oppor-
tunity ot obtaining through this a measure, at least,
of the financial aid that was re([uisite for the better
equipment ol her Theological F^iculty. The terms of
Mr. I lunter fkiillie's will werc^ peculiar, but after careful
stuely of them, the conclusion come to, both by the

174 THEOLOGICAL EDUCATION

Court and the College, was that they would warrant
the institution of a professorship of Hebrew and Oriental
Languages in St. Andrew's College. This was a great
point gained, giving the hope that other endowed
professorships would follow in due time.

At first the theological prelections had to be given in
the city and wheresoever accommodation could be got,
but when St. Andrev/'s College was enlarged and suitable
room provided, the classes were transferred to the
College, a change which contributed much to the greater
comfort both of the lecturers and the students. And not
only has everv convenience been provided in the College
for the work of theological education, but the nucleus of
a theological library has also l)een secured, that will in
time yield valuable aid to the students in prosecuting their
studies.

THE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY, 1905.

The Theological Faculty as at present constituted
consists of the following : — Dr. Clouston, President, and
Lecturer in Historical Theology ; Dr. Harper, Professor
of Hebrew and Exegetical Theology ; Dr. George
Machines, Lecturer in the Exegetical Theology of the
New Testruiient ; Dr. Kinross, Professor in Apologetics
and Ethics; Dr. \V. M. Dill Macky, Lecturer in Systematic
and Biblical Theology ; the Rev. J. Anderson Gardiner,
ILA., Lecturer in Sacnnl Rhetoric and Pulpit Oratory ;
Mr. John (jarland, M.A.. LL.H., Lecturer on Ecclesiastical
Law I^rocedure.

The Steel Lectures on i^istoral Theology have been
giv(Mi by the Revs. John I'Crguson, f. Anderson Ciardiner,
B. A., John Auld, M.A.. R.'ilopc Waugh, M.A., David
Smith, M.A., Robert Kay, M..\.,an(l Robert Steel, M.A.
Th(; next Steel Lecturer is thcj Rev. John Walker.

'I'iie number of those wlio have passtul through our
'l'h<M)l()gi(;il Ilall is roiisidcrablc and iiu:r(;asing year b)'
year, and the success they havt; achieved in the spheres

l^HE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY jjs

in whicli they have been settletl is the best evidence of
the efficient training- they have received at lh(; hands of
their teachers. The Theolooical Faculty in Sydney is
co-operating with the; Theological haciik) in Orinond
College, Melbourne;, to render the theological training
for the Presbyterian ministry throughout our Common-
wealth as perfect as possible.

Money is wanted lor the endowment of professorships.
There is a Theological Professorship Fund with a
credit balance ot nearly ;/,' i ,400, and an amount of
about ^100 ])er aimum for theological education from the
estate of the late Rev. Colin Stewart; and it is to be
hoped that sufficient will soon be obtained from generous
friends of theological education for a complete pro-
fessorial staff.

THE THEOLOGICAL HALL COMMITTEE.

In addition to the Theological T'aculty there is a
Theological Hall Committee. It is the business of this
Committee to deal with applicants for admission into the
Theological Hall, to ascertain their attainments, to judge
of their character and credentials, and to arrange for
extending to them financial aid — when needed — while
prosecuting their studies. There are various funds from
which a measure of aid is dispensed to those deemed
worthy of it. The object of the Committee is to be
helpful to the students in this and other ways in
attaining the eAid they have in \iew. Of this Committee
the Rev. John Ferguson is Convener, his duties whilt;
absent having been performed by the Rew R. A. Steel,
M.A., the Hon. Secretary.

THE JOHN GARDENER GARDEN STUDENTS' AID FUND.

In connection with the subject of theological educa-
tion, we must not omit to refer to the generous gif't of
j^ 2,000 made in 1894 by Mr. I^hn (jardener Garden, an
esteemed elder of the Church, who for manv vears held

176 THEOLOGICAL EDUCATION

the position of examiner in connection with our New
South Wales pubHc school system. The interest of the
money goes to a Fund designed for the benefit ot
young men who, being eligible for and anxious to enter the
ministry of the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales,
are precluded from obtaining the object of their desire
through inability to secure an adequate maintenance
during the period of training without some external aid.
The fund is administered in accordance with regulations
approved by the donor and adopted by the General
Assembly, according to which two Annual Scholarships
of LtP are provided : one open to First Year Students
in Arts who have passed in Greek as a Matriculation
subject ; and one to Second Year Students in Arts.
The balance of income is used for emergency aid.
Young men not a few have already been enabled to
enter the ministry through the help derived from this
tund. Much good has resulted from this benefaction,
and it is to be hoped the example set will prove
infectious, for the need was never so uroent as now.

OTHER SCHOLARSHIPS AND BURSARIES.

I. Xativk MiMsiRN Traimm. I'LMi. I'wo Aimual tiursarits of
,^20 each. Available for Sludents of Tlieology only.

z. '1'heologicaf. i\.i;sii)i;.\riAi. Sc iioi.aiohips. — Two Antuial Scholar-
ships of ^40 each. Open to Siudents in training for tlie
Ministry who have passed Matriculation ; residence in St. Andrew's
College coni[)ulsory, balance of income for emergency aid.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURC

¥:.

ihLMi ^'Um

Photo, by J. H. Newman, Sydney.

GROUP OF SOME MEMEIof

OF NEW SOUTH WALES

5^

4A

^ME

r^'' >? r: ^^

lmj.<i

^■^Rj? f- -■■■ r

.,.>

< ..J

1 i fU^ ft

^r

;i»

liliL^

f^ « ^

See Appendix IX.. Piuje 418, for Nnwes of Members.

(OF ASSEMBLY, MAY, 1897

Plate f,s

CHAI^ll'.K XIX.

TWO FATHERS OF THF CHURCH.

JOHN DUNMORE LANG.

In reHectinor on the career of Dr. Lano-, on the work
he did, and the spirit he displayed, one cannot fail to
discern in his case what has been seen in the case of
many notable men, a combination of great powers
possessed and splendid services rendered with certain
infirmities and faults which detract from the lustre of their
name. In the early history of our colony no name
stands out more prominently than that of Dr. Lang, and
no one, it may safely be .said, exerted a more potent
influence in shaping the destinies of Australia than he
did. Much there was about him well-fitted to excite our
admiration. His scholarship, his intellectual power and
literary ability, his indomitable energy and self-sacrificing
zeal, the prodigi(jus efforts he put forth to advance both
the material and the moral interests of his adopted
country, his numerous voyagings by sea and journeyings
by land, with the pains and perils they involved, at a time
when travelling was a very different thing from what it is
in our clay, his undaunted courage in standing up for
equality of religious rights, and his fearless denunciation
of wickedness in high places, not shrinking even from
rebuking Governors when rebuke was called for — these
all are things which we cannot help heartily admiring.

The introduction of a vast number of preachers and
teachers, of mechanics and other emigrants of a superior
class, was a trul)- patriotic work, and may, perhaps, be
said to constitute his strongest claim to the gratitude of
the Australian people. The enlightened statesmanship

I 78 TJVO FATHERS OF J" HE CHURCH

which his ParHamentary labours display, and the many
liberal and useful measures of which he was the successful
advocate, furnish ample evidence of the power for good
which he exerted in the domain of politics. And in the
sphere of private life — the warmth of his friendship, his
urbanity, his genuine kindness of heart and his readiness
at all times to befriend those who appealed to his
sympathy, endeared him not only to his personal friends,
but to many besides to whom he had extended a helping
hand in their time of need. On all these features we can
look with unmingled satisfaction, and a pity it is that
there should be anvthing to mar in any respect the
beauty of the picture. But historic truth compels us to
admit that there were certain infirmities and faults which
must be taken into account in a just estimate of his
character. The tendency he displayed to autocratic and
high-handed procedure, with the quarrels in which this
involved him ; the vehemence with which he denounced
and vilified those who dared to differ from him ; the
scathing terms in which, both in the pulpit and in the
press, he inveighed against his political and ecclesiastical
foes — terms so strong at times as to become libellous,
involving him in fine and imprisonment, alienating
thereby several of our most intluential families from the
Church of their fathers ; the unseemly self-laudation also
which his writings occasionally display ; these are all
unfortunate blemishes which detract from the veneration
in which he would otherwise have been heUl.

Yet, all things considered, taking into account the
character of the times in which he lived, and of the men
with whom he had to do. we may warrantably say of him
that even his fiilings leaned to xirtue's side;.

We remember hearing him say on a certain public
(jccasion, and in reference to his many fights with his
foes, that, like David, he had been " a man of war from
his youth," but that, if regai'd wen; had to the character

DR. ROBERT STEEL 179

of the warfare he had been called to engage in. he might
well take up the words of the Psalmist and say : "Blessed
be the Lord. Who hath taught my hands to war and my
fingers to fight."

That the people of Australia generally ajjpreciated
Dr. Lang's patriotic ardour, and the value of the service
he had rendered in promoting the material and moral
development of the Australian colonies, was strikingly
demonstrated on the occasion of his funeral — the largest,
it is said, ever seen in Sydney ; and the handsome
monument erected to him in Wynyard Square, Sydney,
by public subscription, forms a fitting tribute to the
memory of one to whom Australia owes much. He died
in 1878, and was buried, first in the old Devonshire
Street Cemetery — now abolished — and afterwards at
Rookwood, where a fitting tomb marks his earthly
resting-place.

ROBERT STEEL.
It seems to us befitting; that the name of Dr. Steel
should have special prominence assigned to it in this
history as the man who, after Dr. Lang, e.xerted, we
venture to say, in the early years the most potent
inriuence in building up the Presbyterian Church in this
State. Though born in England he was of Scottish
blood, and received his education and his training for the
ministry in Scotland. He had already acquired con-
siderable literary fame, and had been the successful
pastor of more than one congregation, ere he came to
this State. He was the minister of the Presbyterian
Church in Cheltenham. England, when the commissioners
from St. Stephen's congregation in Sydney, who were
(^n the lookout for a suitable minister in Britain, had
their attention directed to him as one of the most
jx^pular and promising of the young ministers ot
the Presbyterian Church. Accepting the invitation
addressed to him to become the successor of the

i8o TJJ'O FATHERS OF THE CHURCH

Rev. Alexander Salmon, he arrived in Sydney in 1862 and
was duly inducted to the pastorate of the Free Church in
Macquarie Street. Under his able and energetic ministry
the congregation prospered abundantly, and in his best
days it was the largest and most representative congre-
gation of our Church in New South Wales. A slight
deafness in one of his ears, contracted on his way out to
the colony, grew as years advanced, making converse
with him a matter of some difficulty. His deafness
detracted from his comfort and hampered him in his
work, especially that of pastoral visitation ; but it was
marvellous to see how quick he was to comprehend, even
when he could not hear. He continued to give himself
to the work with singular devotion until sickness laid
him low. He died in 1893, after a pastorate in
St. Stephen's Church of over thirty years. The spirit
he displayed throughout was admirable and his reputation
stainless. The following is the estimate of him recorded
in the Minutes of the General Assembly : —

For over thirty years Dr. Steel ministered to one of the largest
and most influential congregations in Sydney. Both as a
preacher and pastor he won for himself in a more than
ordinary degree the confidence and affection of his flock.
In all the more important movements of our Church he
took a leading part, and rendered valuable service in
organising our united Church, and in establishing her
educational and other institutions. In the cause of
Missions and Sabbath schools, temperance and social
reform, he took a lively interest and rendered effective aid.
As a Theological Tutor he had the warm regard and
confidence of the students. As a platform speaker he was
much sought after and had few superiors. His literary
industry was remarkable, and his numerous writings have
been extensively read and much appreciated. His
catholicity of spirit and sympathy with Christian work
throughout the world won for him admirers in many lands.
In labours he was most abundant. His cheerful disposition,
his unfailing courtesy and readiness to oblige, greatly
endeared him to his brelhren. I?y the removal of Dr.
Steel the colony has lost one of its most influential
citizens and the Church one of her brightest ornaments.

Chaptkr XX.
OFFICERS AND OFFICES.

THE MODERATOR.

This is the term by which Presbyterians designate the
Chairman of the several Church Courts. His business is
to moderate, if he can. the excitement of debate, and see
to it that all things are done decently and in order.

The Moderator of our Supreme Court, the General
Assembly, is elected annually by the votes of the
Presbyteries. He is the recognised ecclesiastical head
of the Church, and represents it on public occasions.
He also presides at such functions and discharges such
duties as befit his official position, when invited to
do so. Although no provision has been made as yet for
releasing the Moderator from the work of his parish
during the year of his Moderatorship, it is felt that this
would be a wise arrangement for enabling him to travel
through the country, giving encouragement and counsel
and initiating and furthering movements for Church
extension as opportunitv might offer ; and of late vears
Moderators have done more of this work than formerly, a
special Assembly grant being made for travelling
expenses and pulpit supplv. The General Assemblv mav
appoint an Assembly's Commissioner for the performance
of specific duties and for a limited period. The Rev.
John Walker is at present such a Commissioner with a

OFFICERS AND OFFICES

wide and responsible commission, and set apart from a
parish so as to raise funds and otherwise promote the
general interests of the Church throughout the State.

Till recently the Moderator appeared in ordinary
clerical attire, but the idea gained strength that the
Moderator should have a distinctive dress, to facilitate
his being recognised when it was important that his
presence should be known. In accordance with this idea
it was suggested that the practice followed in Scotland
might be adopted here, and that the Court dress worn bv
the Moderators of the Church of Scotland and of the
Free Church of Scotland might be introduced here as
fitting attire for our Moderator. This recommendation
has been adopted.

MODERATORS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF N.S.W.
SINCE THE UNION IN 1865.

1865 Rf.v. ADAM THOiMSOiX, Sydney

1 866 .. WILLIAM PURVES, M.A., Last MaitUind

1867 „ ROBERT STEEL, M.A, Ph.D., Sydney
i868 ,. WILLIAM ROSS, M.A., Goulburn

1869 ,. WILLIAM GRANT, M.A., D.D., Shoalhaven

1870 ,. JAMES B. LAUGHTON, B.A., Parramatta

1871 .. ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE GEIKIE, D.D., Bathurst

1872 .. JOHN DUNMORE LANG, M.A., D.D., Sydney

1873 •■ JOHN KINROSS, B.A.. \\\^., Kiania

1874 ,. JOHN McGIBBON, LL.D., Sydney

1875 .. JAMES CAMERON, iM.A., D.D., Riehniond

1876 .. ROBERT SMITH PATERSON, Pyrnionl

1877 „ JAMES ADAM, M.A., Penrith

1878 „ JAMES BENVIE, West Maitland
1870 .. GE0R(;E GRIMM, M.A., Young
1880 .. HENR\' .\L\CREADV, Sydney

' 'I .. lANHvS COSH, M..\., \\\)., Halniain
1 882.1

1883 „ THOMAS AC Hi:SO\ GORDON, Newcastle

1884 .. JAMES S. LAING, D.D., Muswellhn.ok

1885 ., ROGER McKINXOX, St. Leonards

1886 .. .\XDREW GARDLXI;R. M.A., Glehe

1887 ., W 1 1, 1. 1. AM 15 A IX, Xewcastle

CHURCH OFFICES 183

iScSS Kkv. JOIiX AIM), M.A., Ashlk-Ul

uSS,, .. ARCHIlJAI.l) OILCIIRISI', M.A., l.L.l )., Faddington

1890 „ I'HONfAS K. Cl.OU.SrON, H.A., D.D., iVnritli

1891 „ kOIJERT (X)LLIE, F.L.S., Newtown

[892 „ JAMES SMll'II WHITE, LL.D., Siii-lctoii

iS>);, ., PETER 1 AIX'ONEK. MACKENZIE, Annundale

1894 „ GEORGE MacINNES, M.A., D.I)., St. David's,! Ashfield

1895 .. JAMES EAMONT, EL.S.. Ko-urah

1896 .. ANDREW McDonald I'AIT, St. AndrewV.fioull'i""

1897 .. 1)A\1I) IJRUCI':, D.D., Nortli St. Leonards

1898 „ JOHN I5UR(;ESS, M.A., Kiama

1899 .. W. M. DILL MACKV, D.D., Scots Church, Sydney
[900 „ JOHN CLARK McDONALD, M.A., Coonabarabran

1901 .. JAMES CAMERON, M.A.. D.D., Richmond

1902 .. JOHN WALKER, Woollahra

1903 .. JAMES THOMAS MAIN, M.A., Dubbo

1904 „ ROBERT HOPE WAUGH, M.A., Neutral Bay

1905 „ ALEXANDER McKINLAV, Germanton

CHURCH OFFICES.

Ill the early da\'s the work of the Church was carried
on without an Office, but, as business increased, the
necessity for such became manifest. A small room was
rented in King Street, and there the business of the
Church was transacted until the arrival of the Re\-. fohn
Miller Ross in 1880, and his appointment as General
Agent of the Church, when it became evident that to
provide for the conducting of the rapidlv increasing
business of the Church with any measure of convenience
and efficiency more accommodation must be obtained.
Offices were accordinglv rented in Elizabeth Street, which,
though convenient in point of accessibilitv, were, on
account of the immediate proxinntv of the steam trams,
found to be so noisv as to make hearing a matter of
difficulty.

In the vear 1892, to escape trt)m this trouble, negotia-
tions were entered into with the Trustees and Managers

r84 OFFICERS AND OFFICES

of the Scots Church in Jamieson Street, Sydney, and
rooms were fitted up in the vestibule of the Church.
These were found to be an improvement on the former
Ofifices, but with the extension of the work in connection
with the various organisations of the Church, it was found
that still more room was urgently needed. To provide
for the growing requirements, and to give accommodation
such as would be worthy of our Church, a large stone
house was purchased in Wynyard Square, and the present
commodious and handsome Offices established ; these
were opened for business in the month of September,
1904. The new Offices comprise two large and com-
modious committee rooms on the ground floor, which
may be used either singly or as one room. The general
offices for the accommodation of the staff are on the
first floor. On the second floor there is a general
committee room, the Women's Missionary Association
committee room, and a room for the accommodation of
the Right Reverend the Moderator and the Commissioner
of Assembly. On the third floor there is a library and
small social room ; also the office of the Church news-
paper, and rooms for the resident caretaker. In the
basement there is a kitchen, also ample storage accom-
modation, inc^luding a strong-room.

In connection with the Church Offices and the
business therein transacted mention mav appropriatelv
be made of the valuable service which has been rendered
bv our laymen in conducting the business of the Church.
Gentlemen standing high in political and commercial
circles have ungrudgingly devoted a large j)()rli()n of
their time and talents to assist in transacting the
Church's affairs, and in all money matters and questions
relating to property their counsel and aid have been
invaluable.

Colonel j. II. fioodlct was the first Chairman of the
'I reasurership and f'inance Committee; the present

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF NEW SOUTH WALES

PORTRAITS OF MODERATORS FROM 1865 TO 1885

I 'late U9

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

PORTRAITS OF MODERATORS FROM 1887 TO 1905

Plate .'0

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OFFICES

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THE FINANCIAL SECRETARY 185

Chairman is Senator the llonorabU- J. \. Walker, and
many of the gentlemen associated with him on this
Committee occupv important positions m e()nnection with
the business affairs in the city.

MR. WILLIAM WOOD.

This would seem the littin^^ place to give an outline
of the official connection of Mr. William Wood with the
Church. On the 30th January, 1884, Mr. Wood was
appointed Accountant by the Treasurership Committee.
In that position he so approved himself that, during the
protracted illness of the Rev. J. M. Ross in 1892, Mr.
Wood was asked to take his place in the Office, and on
Mr. Ross's retirement the following year he was confirmed
in that position, Mr. Alexander MacPherson being-
appointed to the position of Accountant. In 1895
the General Assemblv conferred on Mr. Wood the
official title of "The Assembly's Financial Secretary."
As the result of an Overture from the Presbyterv ol
Svdnev, which was sustained and sent down to Presby-
teries under the Barrier Act, and bv them approxed,
the Assembly in May, 1898, enacted that the Financial
Secretarv, if a bona fide acting Elder, shall have a seat
ex officio in the General Assembly, and Mr. Wood was
welcomed by the Moderator. Of Mr. Wood, the least
that can be said is that he has discharged the responsible
and difficult duties of his office, in its manv departments,
with marked ability, tireless energv, and whole-hearted
enthusiasm for the best interests of the Church, and we
hope that he mav long be spared to take his very useful
part in the Church's organization. Mr. Wood was
ordained to the Eldership in the congregation of Chalmers
Church in the year 1884, and served there as ruling Elder
and Session Clerk for a period of seven years. Since
his removal to Burwood, Mr. Wood has been a member
of the Session of that congregation.

Chapter XXI.
SIDE-LIGHTS.

PIONEERING.

Those conversant with the condition of things in the
early days of the colony, and with the difficulties which
had then to be encountered, will readily give credit to
the pioneers in the ecclesiastical field for the zeal they
displayed and for the hardships they endured in planting
the Presbyterian Church in these new lands. With
the Presbyterian element numbering but a tithe of the
population, and that scattered over a territory so wide
as to render united action difficult, in many cases
impossible ; with the necessary buildings to be erected,
and the efforts required to get the money wherewith to
do it : with congregations to be organised, and with but
little material, in many cases, available for the purpose ;
with immense distances to be traversed, through the
primeval forest, destitute as yet to a large extent both
of roads and bridges ; with scorching suns to be faced
and burning plains to be crossed ; with drenching rain
and foaming torrents to be encountered ; with all this
to contend with, it will be admitted that pioneering, in
the early days especially, was work for which sturdy
lram(;s as w(;]| as stout hearts w(*re needed.

BUSH WORK IN THE OLD DAYS 1S7

\o b(! lost in tlu; bush was a common experience.
The writer knows what it is to be lost in the waterless
wilderness far from the haunts of men, with no food for
man or beast. He knows what it is to sit a whole da\'
in the saddle and let the horse have absolute control, as
the last h()i)e of escape. He knows what it is to have
ridden thirty miles through the pathless forest, with
nothing to guide his course but a small pocket compass.
He knows what it is to have slept, or tried to sleep,
under a gimi tree with his saddle tor a pillow. He has
had many a long and lonely ride through the .solitude of
the bush, among blacks and bushrangers, with the perils
involved. Others could tell of similar experiences. Dr.
Lang had the honour of being '' stuck up" by Ben Hall.
the bushranger, who ordert;d him to tak(i off his boots and
hand over his money- — though, on learning who he was,
he abstained from molesting him. In one of his journeys,
Dr. Lang tells us, he was twice drenched with rain,
and twice thrown from his horse. One of our ministers
was drowned in one of our northern rivers, and one was
lost in the southern mountains, and his body was never
seen or heard of. The first minister of one of our
charges was lost in the northern ranges for three days
and nights, during which time he tasted no tood. But
that rough experience had for its result a happy issue,
for in losing himself he found his chief domestic treasure,
the estimable partner of his life and ministry, still
surviving. It is said of the Rev. Irving Hetherington.
the hrst minister of Singleton, that in the times of drought,
when horses were scarce, he was wont to go on foot all
the way to Muswellbrook, over thirty miles, on Saturda)
to conduct service there on Sunday. Both pains and
perils abounded in that early time. These were the
"days of unleavened bread." But the pioneering-
privations and perils over most of the land exist no longer.
Travelling is now safe and tor the most part pleasant.

i88 SIDE-LIGHTS

LITERATURE OF THE CHURCH.

In a new land like this, where the demand upon the
time and toil of ministers is so incessant, and where
"learned leisure" is for the most part unattainable, it
could hardly be expected that much would be achieved
in the way of literary production. But although we
cannot boast of many, or any, epoch-making books, we
can yet confidently affirm that neither in respect of
quantity nor quality have w^e any cause to feel ashamed
of what has been done bv members of our Church in the
way of book making. The Revs. Dr. J. D. Lang, Dr. R.
Steel (in addition to his other works. Dr. Steel prepared
The Directory for the Public Worship of God in the
Presbyterian Churches of Australia and Tasmania.
which was approved by the Federal Assembly and
recommended for adoption by the ministers of the
Churches), Dr. .A.ndrew Harper, Dr. John McGarvie,
William Macintyre, M.A., J. B. Laughton, B.A., Dr.
John Kinross, Dr. A. C. Geikie, George Grimm, M.A.,
James Milne, W. Findlay Brown, R. G. Mclntyre, B.D.,
and E. N. Merrington, Ph.D., have produced volumes of
acknowledged ability. The Rev. Joseph Copeland
translated the whole Bible into the language of Putuna,
New Hebrides, a language previously unwritten. The
Rev. J. D. Landels also has reduced the language of Malo,
New Hebrides, to writing, and translated into it the
Four Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles, and five of the
l*>pistles. He has also made a Grammar and Dictionary
of the language. The Rev. Robert Lamb, M.A., M.D.,
of VVentworth Falls — a retired New Hebrides Missionary
— has lately published a book, Saints and Savaoes,
which shows marked ability, and he has another volume
in preparation. In addition to volumes properly so called,
ihere has been a prodigious |)roducti()n of booklets,
pam]jhl('ts, sermons, and addresses on a variety of
sul)je(:ts. In carrying on the press organ ol the Churcdi
— under the successive names: J he Christian I/cja Id,

LITERATURE AXD ARC ///TEC TU RE 189

The Voice in the Wilderness, 'Ike Presbyterian Magazine,
The Australian JVitness, The Presbyterian, The Presby-
terian Messenoer, and l^ie Alessenoer — a lart^e aiiioanl
of litcrarv labour has been expended. In this department
the Revs. James Coutts, William Macintyre, Dr. Steel.
Joseph Copeland, Dr. George Maclnnes, George Grimm,
Mrs. George Maclnnes, the Revs. John Walker, Dr.
Andrew Harper, and the present editor, the Rev. W. H.
Ash, have ablv acquitted themselves as literary workers.
Mention might also be made of The Protestant Standard^
edited for many years bv the Rev. Dr. John McGibbon.

Not only the clergv, but the laity of our Church —
such as Professor John Smith, M.D., C.M.G., John
Rae, M.A., John P>aser, LL.D., Dr. Scot Skirving, and
Sir James Graham — have given ample proof that in
respect of culture and intellectual force our Church has
well sustained the high reputation which the Presbvterian
Church has earned for herself in other lands.

CHURCH ARCHITECTURE.

In a new countrv one of the main difficulties is to
obtain the buildinirs necessarv for the carrvinp- on of the
Church's work. In the early days Government aid for
this purpose was to a certain extent obtainable. But
when State-aid ceased, and the Church was left to
depend entirely on voluntarv efforts, the strain was
heavily felt. Attention having from time to time been
called to the character of the buildings which had been
erected for Divine worship, it was found that, while not a
few could be pointed to as being attractive without and
comfortable within, this could not be said of the majority.
No hesitation was fi-lt in affirming that our churches
were for the most part no credit to us, either in respect
to outw'ard appearance or of adaptation inwardly to the
end in view. In this department it was freely admitted
that we were behind the other Churches in the colon v.

igo SIDE-LIGHTS

To remedy this state of matters, a Committee on
'' Model Churches and Manses " was appointed, and
some progress was made in introducing a better state of
things ; but from various causes the movement fell into
abevance, and for a time nothing in this direction was
done. The matter, however, was not lost sight of ;
in 1897, on the motion of the Rev. M. Kirkpatrick, B.A.,
a new Committee on Church Architecture was appointed
(Dr. Cameron, Convener), and considerable progress has
been made toward the end aimed at. It may safely be
said that the interest in this subject has been deepened,
and that there is a growing sense of the importance of it.
As the Committee state in their first report: "While it
would be foolish to rely on the virtues of architecture for
the effecting of spiritual results, it would be equally
foolish to ignore the influence of aesthetics in rendering
the house of God attractive to the worshippers."

We want our architects, or some of them, to make a
special study of Church Architecture, so that they may
be helpful to us in promoting the object in view. The
Committee aim at forming in the Church Offices a collec-
tion of books, designs, plans, and useful hints, which
may proye helpful to those having building operations in
view. It is gratifying to find that in our recently-built
churches a distinct improvement is discernible, and we
have now a considerable number of handsome, artistic
buildings, both in town and country. But there is still
need for further advance in providing graceful designs,
and in perfecting our plans for seating, lighting, acoustics,
and ventilation ; for on such things as these the comfort
of the worshippers \ rrv much depends.

The latest a\aihible statistics show that we have
357 churches, besides a large number of manses and a
jfood many sc^hool halls.

Chapier XXII.
FEDERAL UNION.

FEDERATION.

The inovenieiit for a F'ederal Union of the Presby-
terian Churches in the Australian Colonies originated
in the visits of delegates ap}3ointed by the Supreme
Courts of the different Churches to convey to each other
fraternal greetings, and to develop feelings of mutual
interest and mutual regard. It was telt that it would
be a good thing to have the Churches drawn together
in closer relations, and that they should co-operate for
common ends. Conferences were accordingly held, and
the idea of a h'ederal Union was discussed. In due
time, a basis for such Union was framed, and, alter
various modifications, was finally adopted. The Union
aimed at was to be, in the first instance at least, simply
a Federal Union. Whilst uniting for the attainment
of certain common objects, it was deemed desirable
that the autonomy of the several Churches should be as
far as possible preserved. Fhere was nothing to hinder
the adoption of a common Code of Rules, and unitornn'ty
in the modes of ecclesiastical procedure. In the matter
ot theoloQiical education, arranoements miohr l)e made
for securing a uniform standard of ministerial quaHhcation,
and on public questions the testimony ot the whole
Church might be given forth with greater effect. In
carrying on the Foreign Mission work of the Churches
there might be not merely co-operation but an absolute
unification of our operations, a common centre and a

192 FEDERAL UNION

common fund. A Basis of Union having been framed,
arrano-ements were made for the consummation of the
Union. The first Federal Assembly was held in Sydney
in the year 1886, and was presided ov^er by the late
Re\^ Dr. Nish, of Bendigo, Victoria, who had taken a
great interest in the movement, and contributed largely
to bring it to a successful issue. The second Federal
Assembly was held in Melbourne, and was presided over
by the Rev. Ur. Cameron, of Richmond, New South
Wales. The Federal Assembly met afterwards succes-
sively in Hobart, Brisbane, and Adelaide, the Moderators
being the Rev. Dr. Alex. Hay, of Rockhampton,
Queensland; the Rev. James Lyall, M.A., of Adelaide.
South Australia ; the Rev. Dr. James Scott, of Hobart,
Tasmania ; the Rev. Duncan McEachran, of Melbourne,
\'ictoria ; the Rev. Dr. James Cosh, of Balmain, New
South Wales; the Rev. Dr. J. Y . McSwaine, of Brisbane,
(Queensland ; the Rev. Dr. David Baton, of Adelaide,
South Australia; the Rev. John Russell, M.A., of
Kvandale, Tasmania ; and the Rev. Alexander Yule,
M.A., of Melbourne, Victoria. Manifold good effects
resulted from the movement. It was productive of
mutual acquaintance, mutual interest, and fraternal
feeling among the office-bearers of the various Churches.
It introduced the system of mutual eligibility in the
calling of ministers among the Churches of the
Federation. It awakened the consciousness of unity
and of the strength that flows from unity. It bound
the North and the South together, and largely
accomplished the ends we ainu-d at. But some years
ago. something more than federation began to be
desiderated. Certain clenumts of weakness, it was
alleged, attached to the system. The b'ederal Assembly
was destitute of authority and power. The Union had
not been carried far enough ; it was necessary to take a
step in advance ; and so a movement was started to

HIS EXCELLENCY LORD HOPETOUN

(Now the MARQUIS OF LINLITHGOW)
First Governor-General of Atistmlia, and an Elder of the Church of Scothnd

Plate

I

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF AUSTRALIA AND TASMANIA

•%-. U

REV ALEX. HAY, D.D.
MntliTcitor Oueenslacid

trf*.-^

'^ Jk

MATTHEW. B D
oderalor Tasm.mM

REV DR. MEIKLEJOHN
Moderator of the Presbyterian Chu
of Ajslralia.

3

REV. G. DAVIDSON. M.A
Moderator South Australia

REV, R. HANLIN
Moderator West Austrah,

DELEGATES FROM GREAT BRITAIN

UNION ASSEMBLY, 1901

First Moderator and Clerk, Moderators of State Assemblies and Delegates from Great Britain.

Plate 54

LU

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF AUSTRALIA At

GROUP OF MEMBERS, TAKEN AT

KEY TO THE PHOTOGRAPHIC GROUP OF THE FIRST GENERAL A d

SMANIA. FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY, 1901

: <OCK, " DARLING POINT, SYDNEY

riate

>• OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF AUSTRALIA AN D TASM AN I A

See AfpeiHiix X., Page 4!9. for /Vomis of Membeis as Numbered on Key.

\

7 7/ A I'EDERAl. ASSEMBJA' DISSOHED lyj

secure an liicorporative Union, the unification of all the
Churches under one (ieneral Assembly, armed with
legislative, judicial, and adnn'nistrativc functions. A new
Basis had to he prepared, embodN'innr this idea, and much
time and debate were expended upon the preparation
ot it. The new Basis goes farther in the direction of
absolute incorporation than the previous one, and yet
falls short of it. tor the autonomy of the several Churches
still remains, in so far at least as the control of their
property and invested funds is concerned, and the control
of their Home Missions.

DISSOLUTION OF THE FEDERAL ASSEMBLY.

The last meeting of the Federal Assembly was held
in St. Stephen's Church, Sydney, on Tuesday, 23rd Jul)-,
1901, at 7 p.m. The Right Rev. the Moderator —
Alexander Yule, M.A., of Melbourne, Victoria — presided
over a large gathering of delegates from all the States,
and pj-eached a highly practical and appropriate sermon
from Ezekiel xxxvii, 19: "They shall be one in My hand "

The Federal Assembly having been constituted, the
Rev. John Meiklejohn, M.A,, submitted the final Report
of the F"ederal Assembly's Committee on Union. On
the motion of Mr. Meiklejohn, seconded by the Rev. Dr.
Scott, of Tasmania, it was resolved to adopt the Report,
discharge the Committee, and thank them for their
labours, expressing also gratitude to God for the results.
Special recognition was made of services rendered to
the cause of Union by the Rev. John Meiklejohn. through
whose energy, wisdom, tact, patience, and unfailing
courtesy the result had been largely achieved.

The Moderators of the General Assemblies of
Victoria (the Rev. George Tait, M.A.), New South Wales
(the Rev. Dr. Cameron), Queensland (the Rev. Dr.
Hay), South Australia (the Rev. George Davidson, M.A.),
Tasmania (the Rev. David Matthew^ and Western

194 FEDERAL UNION

Auslr.ilia (the Rev. R. HanlinV then each read a
Declaration of his authority to sign the Deed of Union.
The Declarations, said the Moderator, form our warrant
for dissolving the Federal Assembly in favour of the
(jeneral Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of
Australia.

It was then resolved that the members of this
Assembly, being also elected as representatives of the
General Assembly, agree to meet for the consummation
of the Union at the Town Hall the next day at 3 o'clock.
The Moderator then formally declared the Federal
Assembly dissolved, and pronounced the Benediction.

CONSUMMATION OF THE UNION.

The meeting for the consummation of the Union,
held in the magnificent Town Hall, Sydney, was
undoubtedly the grandest meeting of Presbyterians ever
held in Australia. " To describe that oreat meetino-."
says The Presbyterian, " is impossible. Hall crowded
to the doors, galleries full, platform and choir seats over-
sowing, Scots College Cadets and Boys' Brigade in
torce, unbounded enthusiasm." '' It was a sight." said
the Rev. Dr. Whitelaw, '' splendid, solemn, impressive."

The platform was an imposing sight the Rev Dr.
Cameron in the Chair in his Moderator's robes; the
Moderators ot the Churches of the other States ; from
" Home," the appointed members ; the now-to-be-
constituted Australian Assembly ; rei)resentative men
from other Churches ; and a large united choir reaching
up to the great organ, at which th(; St. .Stephen's
organist. Mr. Harry Chandler, prctsided with much
aitilily, Mr. P. I). McCormick acting as conductor.

The proceedings were commenced by the election of

the I\.(;v. Dr. James Cameron, Moderator of the New

South Wales As.sembly, to i)reside over the meeting.

1 he Hundredth Psalm having been sung with great

FEDRRAI. UXION CONSUMMATED 195

heartiness, Scriptun; was read ])y the I'^ev. George Fait,
M.A., Moderator of th(' \ ictorian Church, and prayer
was offered by the Rev. George I)a\i(lson, M.A.,
Moderator of the South Aiistrahan Church. The Rev.
Dr. Laing was elected i)itcri)n Clerk, and laid on the
table the following documents : —

1. SCHExMl': OK UNION

2. MINU'ri:s OF ASSEMBLIES ACCEPTING THE SCHISM E

3. A( rs OF PART.TAMENT IN CONNECTION WFIH I'Hl':

UNION.

The Basis of Union and Articles ot Agreement were
adopted by the Members of Assembly rising and holding
up their right hand, and when the Moderator was
stooping to append the first signature to the Deed of
Union, a fiashlight photo, of the scene was taken, and a
picture secured which is included in this History, and
will be of historic interest in the days to come. The
compl(;tion of the signing was followed by loud and
prolonged applause,

Th(; Chairman then said : "In the name of the Lord
Jesus Christ, the only King and Head of the Church, and
by authority of the Supreme Courts of the Presbyterian
Churches of New vSouth Wales, Victoria, Queensland,
S(uith Australia, Tasmania, and Western Australia. I
declare the Union of these Churches now consummated,
and the Presbyterian Church of Australia duly formed,
and that the Assembly now to Ix; constituted is the first
Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of Australia."
Dr. Cameron then constituted the first Assembly of the
Australian Presbyterian Church with an appropriate
prayer, after which he said : " The first General Assembly
of our United Church h.iving been duly constituted, it is
now my high privilege in the name of the Presbyterian
Church of Australia, and in t(jken of our Union, to e.xtend
the right hand of fellowship to the- Moderators of the
several Churches entering into the Union."

196 FEDERAL UNION

He then shook hands, amid great applause, with each
of the Moderators, who also shook hands with each
other. This being done, he said : •" And now may the
Almighty God, Father, Son, and Spirit, abundantly bless
the Presbyterian Church of Australia I " The other
Moderators responded : " And make her a glory to our
Lord and a blessing to Australia and to the world.
Amen.'' Then the concluding verses of the 72nd Psalm
were simg with much warmth by the Assembly.

The Assembly then proceeded to the election of a
Moderator. The Rev. Dr. D. Hruce, of Sydney, in felici-
tous terms proposed the Rev. John Meiklejohn, M.A., of
Melbourne. He referred to the great services Mr.
Meiklejohn had rendered in the cause of Union, and
remindtid the brethren of the extent to which the success
of the Union negotiations was due to the prudence, the
patience, and the energy he had brought to bear upon the
task allotted to him. The Rev. Peter Robertson (Ipswich,
Queensland) in seconding the nomination, cordially
endorsed all that had been said as to Mr. Meiklejohn's
eminent fitness for the position. The nomination met
with a unanimous reception, and Mr. Meiklejohn, duly
attired, was conducted to his seat by the Moderators of
the State Assemblies, amid much enthusiasm. The
Address he delivered was worthy of the occasion, wise
and weighty. A resolution of thanksgiving to the Great
King and Head of the Church for His goodness and
guidance throughout the whole negotiations, especially
for the happy issue in that first Assembly, was moved by
the Rev. George Tait, M.A. (Victoria), seconded by
the Rev. Dr. Ale.xander Hay (Queensland , and carried
with acclamation.

COMMISSIONS

were then jjrcscMUed ow beiialf oi the Rev. Iheodore
Marshall, D.D.. to represent the Established Church of

GREAT TOWN HAI.L .UEETJNGS 197

Scotland : the Revs. Thomas W'hiu^law, D.l)., Professor
Iverach, \}.\}., aiitl Lewis Davidson, M.A., all three
representing the United Free diurch of Scotland ; and
the Rev. George Hanson, D.l)., representing the
Presbvterian Church of England. The Moderator
cordially welcomed these honoured brethren on behalf
of the Assembly. Addresses to be sent to the King
and to the Governor-General were arranged for. and the
sederunt was closed by singing the 133rd Psalm.

Prior to the evening meeting a monster Tea Meeting
was held in the spacious basement of the Town Hall,
when about 3,500 sat down at the tables.

Long before the hour for the evening meeting the
Town Hall was again filled to overflowing by an
eagerly-waiting audience The Lieutenant-Governor, Sir
Frederick Darle}', Chief Justice, was to have presided,
and wished to do so. but he sent a most sympathetic
letter, expressing his great regret that the state of his
health precluded him from joining us. In his absence,
the Moderator presided. A letter was read from the
Governor-General of Australia, the Earl of Hopetoun,
expressing his great interest in the meetings, and his
deep regret that, as an Elder of the Church of
Scotland, as well as in his official position, he was
unable to be present.

.Addresses were then delivered by the Delegates from
the Home Country, above mentioned, and also by the
President oi the Wesleyan Conference, the late Rev.
Dr. Geori{e Lane ; by the Chairman of the Conorreora-
tional Union, the Rew Dr. [ohn Fordvce ; and the
Chairman of the Baptist Union, the Rev. W. A.
Southwell, congratulating us upon the Union. The
addresses were all of them of a high order, interesting
and able, and the hearts of the \ast assembly were stirred
to a high enthusiasm by the delivery of them.

On the following day, there was in the morning a

198 FEDERAL UNION

Communion serxnce in St. Siepheii's Church, presided
over by the Moderator, Mr. Meiklejohn. The remainder of
the morning sederunt was occupied with routine business.

In the evening a great gathering again assembled in
the Town Hall, the Moderator presiding. Letters were
read from the Rev. James Heron. D.D., Moderator of
the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in
Ireland, from the Anglican Primate of Australia, and from
the Rev. Dr. Robert Rainy, of Edinburgh, all expressing
the liveliest interest in the Union, and their earnest
prayer that God's blessing might rest on it. Interesting
and stirring addresses were delivered on the subject
of Home Missions by the Rev. Robert Hanlin, of
Fremantle, Western Australia ; the Rev. W. C. Radcliffe,
B.A., of Queensland ; the Rev. A. C. Sutherland,
M.A.. B.D., of Adelaide; the Rev. John Walker,
of Woollahra, Sydney ; and the Rev. Henry Jones,
M.A., of Launceston. Tasmania. An address was also
delivered by the Rev. Professor A. Harper, D.D., who
prefaced it by saying that he was going to give them a
piece of news that would make their hearts glad, as it
had made his. He held in his hands a cablegram that
was given to him to read for the first time, which stated
that the Glasgow University had conferred upon the
Moderator of the Presbyterian Church of .Australia the
degree of Doctor of Divinity. The announcement was
greeted with tremendous applause, the whole audience
rising and cheering.

The singing of a h\ inn and the l)en('dicti()n brought
the sederunt to a close.

On the Friday morning the Assembly met again in
St. .Stephen's Church, and various matters of business
were transacted. In the alternoon a Reception was held
by th<- Kiglit kc\ . the Moderator. Dr. Meiklejohn, at
the residence ol Mrs. John Marks, Glenrock, Darling
Point, which was placed at his dis|)osal for the jiurpose.

FUNCTIONS, AND APPOINTMENT OF OFFICIALS 199

A lari4C number of deleijalcs, members of Assembly,
and leading Presbvlerians— some six hundred, it was
said — responded to the invitation, and an enjoyable time
was spent. A verv excellent photograph of the members
of Assembly was taken in the grounds. The evening
meeting was held in the Town Mall. It was " The
Young People's and h'oreign Missions Night." There
was again a large gathering, the Right Rev. the
Moderator presiding. .Stimulating addresses were given
by the Hon. James iialfour, M.L.C., of Victoria; the
Rev. W. Sweyn Macqueen, of Brisbane ; the Rev.
George Davidson, M..A., of Adelaide ; and the Rev. J. S.
Buntine, of Hobart. Good music was rendered by the
choir under the conductorship of Mr. Alexander
Bowen, of Balmain.

The following were appointed the Law Oflficers of the
Church; Mr. John Garland, LL.P)., New South Wales,
Procurator; and Messrs J. M. Davis and J. M.
Campbell, Victoria, Law Agents. The Rev. Dr. J. S.
Laing, Muswellbrook, New South Wales, was appointed
Senior Clerk. It would not be easy to over-estimate the
value of the services which have been rendered and
are still being rendered by Dr. Laing in the capacity
ot Clerk to both Assemblies, the Slate Cieneral
Assembly and the Lederal General .Assemble By his
knowledge of Church law, his painstaking carefulness,
the soundness of his judgment, and his devotion to duly,
he has laid our Church under deep obligations and
earned for himsell the gratitude of all belonging to h(^r.
The Rev. George Tail, M.A., Melbourne, was appointed
Junior Clerk. I'he Rev John h'erguson proposed votes
ot thiinks to the speakers from other .States, to the
choir and organist, and especiallv to Mr. \\ illiam Wood,
the Financial Secretar\ . to whose organising skill and
energetic labours the unmarred success of the whoh^
series of meetings was largely due.

Chapter XXIII.

PRESBYTERIAN ISM : ITS EUNDAMENTAL
PRINCIPLES.

Presbyterianism — a designation derived from the
Greek word Trpea^vrepiov (a council of Presbyters) — applies
prnnarilv to a form of Church polity ; but in its
ordinary acceptation it has a wider range, and embraces
the doctrine, discipline, worship, laws and usages of the
Churches classed under the designation of Presbyterian.
Other Churches— Episcopal, Methodist, Congregational —
have more or less of the Presbyterian element in them.

The principles which are specially distinctive of the
Presbyterian Church mav be conveniently set forth under
the heads of Doctrine, Discipline, Government, and
Worship.

I. Do( TRiNK. — As regards Doctrine, the source from
which the Presbvterian Church derives her doctrine is
the Word of God as contained in the Scriptures of the
Old and New Testaments. The sense in which she
understands these Scriptures is (expressed in her
Confession of h'aitli, known as the Westminster
Confession. While creeds are recognised as having
th( ir us(,' and value thev are not to be regarded as
authoritative in such a sense as would invalidate the
fundamental principle that lloh' Scripture is the ultimate
autliority in all doctrinal questions.

PRESBYTER J AN ORGANISATION 201

II. Discii'LiNb:. — The most disiiiiclive feature of the
Presbyterian Church might be said lo be its method of
government. I'he government is representative, and is
administered through a gradation of courts, reaching
from the Kirk .Session up, through the Presbytery and
the Synod to the General Assemblv, the court of final
appeal. Congregations el(?ct their own Ofifice-bearers.
These are of two kinds, presbyters or elders and deacons
or managers.

Presbyters, according to a distinction indicated in
Scripture, are of two kinds : teaching elders and ruling
elders. They are both of the same rank and equal in
voting power. To the teaching elders belongs also the
right to rule. The Greek term which bv our English
translators is rendered '"bishop" means simplv overseer.
There is no warrant for giving it the meaning of prelate
or diocesan bishop. Presbvter-bishops are the (^nly
bishops in support of whom, in our view, a successful
appeal can be made to the New Testament.

The organisation of the Presbvterian Church for the
purposes of rule is such as to secure in the most effectual
manner the unity and order of the Church in
such a wav as to conserve the rights of the Christian
people. While we decline to accept Apostolic
Sticcession in the sense meant by some, we nevertheless
believe in an orderlv transmission of the ministerial
office, '■ l)y the laving on of the hands of the Presbvtery,"
a svmbolical action, virtuallv a praver and mute appeal
for blessmor to Him from Whom all blessings tlow.

In addition to the presbyters or elders there
are in each congregation deacons or managers.
While the spiritual interests of the congregation
constitute the special care of the elders, the
management of the temporalities is assigned to the
deacons. The deacons should be spiritually-minded
men, in order that thev mav conduct the temporal affairs

202 FA'ESBYTEJ^JANISM : FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

of the Church according to the spirit and mind of
Christ. The presbyters are ex officio members of the
Deacons' Court.

III. Worship. — ^ As regards tlie worsliip of the
Presbyterian Church, it consists in praise, prayer,
and the expounding and preaching of the Divine
Word, along with the reverent observance of the
Sacraments of Baptism and the Lord's Supper. Its
predominant feature is its simphcity. and the absence of
ritualistic symbolism.

Sacraments. — The Sacraments of Baptism and the
Lord's Supper are dulv dispensed. Children, in virtue
of the professed faith of their parents, are regarded as
constituent members of the Church, and are baptised
accordingly. W hile infant baptism is the form most
usually practised, adult baptism is administered, upon
personal profession of faith, in the case of those who
have never been baptised. The usual manner is by
pouring or sprinkling. The Sacrament of the Lord's
Supper is administered in all our congregations, more or
less frequently, as the Kirk Session may determine.

While rejecting both Transubstantiation and Con-
substantiation, Presbyterians believe in the "real
presence " in the Cominunion of Him Who instituted
the Feast — a spiritual presence realised in the hearts of
believers through the unction of the Holy One.

As to th(^ sacrifice to be offered in the Conununion,
while, in the case of believing comumnicants, there will
be a grateful calling to remembrance of the one great
Atoning Sacrifice, once offered for all, and not to be
repeated, there is a further sacrifice which it is meet
communicants should bring with them to offer at the
Table of the Lord ; it is the sacriHce God desireth — the
sacrifice of a broken heart and ot a contrite spirit — the
yielding up of themselves anew to God as living
siuri/iccs, which is their reasonable service.

ClIAPTKK XXI\'.

AFTKRWORH.

This Centenary History of Presbyterianisni in New
South Wales presents a striking illustration of the great
results that are wont to f^ow from small beginnings. The
handful of corn scattered on the banks of the
Hawkesbury has fructified and developed into such a
vigorous ecclesiastical growth as has sutlficed to cover
alread}^, to a large extent, our great Australian
Commonwealth with Gospel ordinances and Christian
institutions. " The little one has become a thousand.'
It is literally so, as the Report on the Statistics of the
Federated Church shows. The little primeval church,
still standing on the bank of the Hawkesburv. known as
'' Ebenezer," has expanded into a thousand church
buildings within our Conmionwealth, with fi\e hundred
and sixty-one parishes, and over two thousand preaching
centres; while our Presbyterian people in Australia
number now four hundred and tiftv thousand.

Presbyterianisni is assuredlv no narrow system. It is
narrow neither in spirit nor in territorial extent. It is
not a mode of ecclesiastical life peculiar to Scotland or
Ireland. It is world-wide in its range. In the Pan-
Presbyterian Council recentlv held in Liverpool. England,
there sat, it is said, "' delegates from eighty-three

204 AFTER WORD

distinct Presbyterian bodies, hailing from all the
continents on the face of the earth; and the
congregations of Great Britain and Ireland form less than
a fifth of the total. The largest Presbyterian Church is
that of the Northern States of America, which is larger
than all the Presbyterian Churches of the British Isles
put together; and many, even of the members of the
Council, were surprised to learn that the Hungarian
Church, which is Presbyterian, has more congregations
and ministers than the Church of Scotland." The
statistics submitted to the Council showed that there are
over five millions of communicants, more than thirty-two
thousand congregations, almost lour millions of Sabbath
scholars, with an annual income amounting to more than
eight millions of pounds. So far as we can gather,
there are at least twenty-five millions of people connected
with the Presbyterian Church in all its branches
throughout the world, in which number are not included
those of the Lutheran branch of the Presbvterian Church,
in which there are probably thirtv millions more.

These statistics furnish convincing evidence that
Presbyterianism, at least, is showing no alarming
symptoms of decay. That the Presbyterian Church has
an important part to play and a high mission to fulfil
in contributing to mould aright the ecclesiastical and
spiritual life of these new lands of the South, we may
well believe. The signs of the times evidentlv point to
such an issue.

Amid the centripetal movement of the Churches
towards a closer and more visible union — a conspicuous
feature of (M:clesiastica life in our day it cannot but
be gratifying to us to perceive that the principles on
which we set so high a value seem c^learlv to l)e gnnving
in favour, and to be rising into the ascendant as a
determining force in shaping the organised Christianity
of the future.

THE UNCHANGING CJ/R/ST 205

Changes there have been in the past, and changes
there may be looked for in the days to come — changes
of creed and nomenclature, chanp:ed wavs of looking at
things, changed ways of expressing things, fresh
combinations of things old and the evolution of new
forms and phases of the Church's life; but amid all
such changes as belong to the present order of things,
there is a something that changeth not, '"The Church's
One Foundation." He abideth eternally the same, "the
same yesterday, to-day, and for ever." Men pass away
and their names perish, but —

His name for ever shall endure,

Last like the sun it shall.
Men shall be blessed in Him, and blessed

All nations shall Him eall.

HISTORIC
SKETCHES OF PARISHES

1

/^ N

THE REV. ROBERT STEEL, D.D.

for 31 Ycari Minish'r of St. Stefih^'n's, Sydney

I'lalc 5a

Historic Sketches of Parishes.

PRESBYTERY OF BATHURST.

BATHURST.

We have before us the original Minute, in connection with the
founding of this parish — one of the oldest in our Church — dated
Bathurst, i8th January, 1832, and signed by John Piper, chairman.
It is of historic interest, and runs as follows: —

"A meeting having this day been lield to devise ways and means or the
establishment of a Scots church, and the settlement of a minister of the Church of
Scotland in this district, John Piper, Esq., in the chair. After prayer, and a preliminary
discourse by the Rev. Dr. Lang, it was stated to the meeting, &c., &c. Resolved
that as it is the desire of this meeting to effect the settlement of a Presbyterian
Minister of the Church of Scotland, on the terms specified in the Letter of Lord
Goderich, tlie following gentlemen be appointed a Committee for carrying these
objects into effect: John Piper, Esq., George Rankin, Esq., John Brown, Esq.,
Dr. Busby, Robert Smith, Esq., with power to add to their number. That the
thanks of the meeting be given to Mr. White, of Bathurst, for his very liberal offer of
one acre of land adjoining the Settlement for the erection of a Presbyterian church.
That the Rev. Thomas Thomson, in reference to whose talents and dispositit)n for the
Christian ministry certificates have been read to this meeting from certain of the most
eminent of the clergy of Scotland, be invited to reside in the district and dispense the
ordinances of religion, at such times and in such places as he may find it expedient,
and that in the event of his ministerial labours proving acceptable to the Preslnterian
inhabitants of the district, at the expiration of three months hence, a call be made out
to him in the usual forms of tlie Presbyteria.n Church."

Dr. Lang was the first Presbyterian minister to visit Bathurst and to
conduct service in the district. From lack of a better place, service was
held in a public-house in Kelso, but the publican, finding that his
takings in connection with the service were not ecjual to his expectations,
discontinued the use of his house. Service was from time to time held
elsewhere until the first church, a substantial brick building, was erected
about the year 1835, and opened by Major-General Stewart. Of those
who were present at the opening of this building, only three are alive,
viz., James Rankin, Charles McPhillamy, and Mrs. Busby. The first
minister of the charge was the Rev. Thomas Thomson (brother of Mrs.
Busby, senr.), who was pastor from 1832 till 1835. Returning to
Scotland (where for many years he was employed in literary work by the

N

2IO HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

W'oodrow Society), he was succeeded by the Rev. K. L). Smythe, whose
ministry extended to twenty years, from 1835 till 1854, when he
returned to Scotland. His widow (a sister of Mr. James Stewart, of
Mount Pleasant, Bathurst) is still living in London. He was followed by
the Rev. J. B. Laughton, B.A., from 1854 till 1865 — a minister of ability,
learning, and pulpit power of a high quality. After him came the Rev.
A. C. Geikie, D.D., LL.D., whose ministry extended from 1865 till 1896.
Dr. Geikie was a man of intellectual power and scholarship, who w^as,
during his ministry in Australia, a power in the councils of the Church.
From the Assembly's Minute we extract as follows: "A member of a
gifted family, he himself displayed talent of the highest order. In the
pulpit, on the platform, and in the books which he wrote, his genius and
power were conspicuously displayed. His geniality, his wide culture,
his humour, his sympathy and brotherliness, won for him the esteem of
his brethren, while his public-spiritedness, which as a citizen he exerted,
received practical and very gratifying recognition at the hands of the
community in which he lived." Then the Rev. James Kinghorn, an
able and cultured man, as indeed were all his predecessors, was
inducted, and being translated in 1904 to North Shore, was succeeded
by the Rev. Alexander Clarke. The present handsome church, the
foundation stone of which was laid by the Rev. Adam Thomson, of
Sydney, on 17th September, 187 1, and which was opened in 1872,
was built during the pastorate of 1 )r. Geikie. The architect was
Mr. Thomas Rowe, of Sydney, and the building committee were
Messrs. J. L. Alexander, Archibald Campbell, ^Villiam B. Ranken,
Michael Saunders, Charles McPhillamy, Robert McPhillamy, John
McPhillamy, together with the elders, and the deacons : Messrs.
Charles Simmons, David Gordon, and James H. Stewart. There is
an old manse, and of an original glebe of forty acres about fifteen
acres remain, the rest having been resumed by the Government, for
com[)ensation given; tjut the manse having been rendered unsuitable
for occupancy by the minister, through its proximity to the railway
station, has been let, and the glebe as well. I'br some time a
conit<)rlal)k' residence was rented for the minister; but an excellent
two-storied house, situated in Russell Street, has just been purchased
for a manse. In South liathurst, where we have a good brick
».:lnirch, service and a Sunday school are held every Sunday. There
are several out-stali(jns c(Minected with liie jjarish, which, having
been recent))' brought int(; a condition of healthful vigour, have
contributed miK li to strengthen the centre and to render liathurst one
of our most inlluential and flourishing congregations. At I'^vans' Plains
wc have a brick church, and services are held in Union churches at

PRESBYTERY OF BATHURST 211

Eglinton and Fremantle. The other out-stations are Glanmire, Penrose,
Clear Creek, and Dulcis Vale. Among the names long prominent in
connection with Presbyterianism in Bathurst, the following may be
mentioned : the Busbys, the Machatties, the Rankens, the Stewarts,
the McPhillamys, the Butterworths, the Simmons, the Ompbells, the
Irvings, and the Littles.

Elders : — The following have served this parish in the Eldership:
Dr. Busby (first elder ordained in Bathurst ; died in 1870), Dr.
McArthur, Messrs. T. S. Alexander, Henry Butterworth, John McCredie,
G. Fergusson, John Busby, W . Ross, Dr. Richard Machattie, Messrs. J.
S. Adam, senr., C. Simmons, J. Mackay, W. J. Scotford, and Dr. Hugh
Kirkland. The present Session consists of: — Messrs. James Simmons,
John Thomson, H. C. Slade, Athol W. Stewart, John Halsted, and
Henry Anderson.

BLAYNEY.

The first minister of Blayney as a separate parish was the
Rev. J. H. Craig, M.A., inducted in 1883. He held the pastorate
for three years, and was followed by the Rev. J. J. Jennings,
who resigned the charge at the end of five years. Their old friend,
the Rev. James Adam, M.A., then took up the work. Moderation
in a call having been granted, Mr. Adam was duly inducted into
what had been but a portion of his original charge. There is a
substantial and comfortable manse at Carcoar and also at Blayney,
in the erection of both of which Mr. Adam rendered invaluable aid.
The Church has a valuable block of land, facing two main streets.

In 1898 the congregation resolved to give their minister a holiday,
and provide supply. But the day before he had arranged to start, on
returning from paying a visit to one of the sick of his flock, his horse bolted
and rushed violently against a wire fence. The feet of the horse got
caught in the fence, which held him fast, and Mr. Adam, being thrown
over the fence, was kept hanging by the foot until subsecjuently rescued
from his perilous position in an unconscious state. Though he
ultimately recovered and is still, luqijjilv, alive and well, the shock to
the system was such as to render necessary his resignation of the
pastorate. His resignation was accepted with much regret. The
congregation gave proof of their continued affection for him by the
presentation of an address and a well-filled purse of sovereigns. More
than once Mr. Adam had a narrow escape from drowning while crossing
flooded creeks, and few of our ministers could claim to have "endured
hardness as good soldiers of Jesus'" to the same extent as Mr. Adam.

2 12 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

The Rev. S. G. Crawford, M.A., of Charters Towers, Queensland,
was called and inducted in 1900, and is carrying on the work of the
parish with much acceptance, besides discharging the duties of Clerk
of the Presbytery of Bathurst.

On the Lord's day two services are held in Blayney, and in
the afternoon at Hobby's Yards, Moorilda, or Brown's Creek ;
weeknight services at Millthorpe, Duckponds, and other places ;
occasionally also at Rockley, where we have a brick church. Societies
of young people are carried on at the chief centres, and give
promise of much usefulness. No Session was formed in the parish
till February, 1901, when Messrs. William McKenzie and Peter
McKellar, junr., of Hobby's Yards, and Messrs. Thomas Gordon and
J. C. Hood, Moorilda, were ordained to the Eldership.

Of the old pioneers and founders, the children of many still remain
and carry on the work — at Hobby's Yards, the McKellars, McKenzies,
Davidsons and Morrisons; at Moorilda, the Gordons, Hoods, and
Woolards; at Brown's Creek, the Clements and Cooks; at Blayney,
the Stinsons, Burtons, Ewins, Blacks, Clements, Beddies, and Mr. Adam
Kirkpatrick, who, at over eighty years of age and after fifty years'
service in the Church in Blayney, still acts as superintendent of the
Sunday School and congregational treasurer.

BOURKE.

Occasional visits had been paid to Bourke and ordinances
dispensed prior to 1886 — the Rev. William Webster, of Wilcannia, having
conducted service there in 1881, and started a Sabbath school in 1882
— but in that year the Rev. Simpson Millar, B.A., was inducted as
the first settled minister of that wude parish. He was followed by the
Rev. James Kinghorn in 1887, and by the Rev. Thomas Morgan in 1889.
For eleven years Mr. Morgan traversed a vast area, going beyond the
Queensland border, preaching, visiting, and dispensing the sacraments.
Since the resignation of Mr. Morgan in December, 1901, no settlement
has taken place, but services have been maintained by Mr. C. V. McAlpine,
an agent of the Home Mission Committee, who has also been in
"journeyings oft," and commenced giving services in 1904 in the rising
town of Brewarrina. A\'e have in Bourke a splendid and central corner
l)lo<k of land of one and a-half acres, on which there is a weatherboard
church and a good manse. The i^rojjerty is, however, heavil)' encumbered
with debt.

'i'he Rev. I'. A. Smith, on the completion of liis studies, was
ordained in l''el)ruary, 1905, and ap|)ointcd to this imf)ortant outpost

PRESBYTERY OF /Li Til UR ST 213

town and district. After six months of vigorous and valued work, he
has accepted the invitation of the Home Mission Committee to take
charge of the Gospel Car Mission, and has started for Tibbooburra
and Milparinka, and that wide, spiritually-neglected \\'estern region
beyond. A new appointment will be made to Bourke forthwitii.

P.()WKNKKLS.

Shortly after his arrival in the colony, the Rev. Colin Stewart, M.A.,
was sent in 1839 to minister in the district of Hartley and itinerate as
far westward as circumstances would permit. Having come to the
conclusion that Bowenfels would be the most convenient centre from
which to supply ordinances for that region, he fixed his (quarters there.
The Presbyterian population in these days was but small, and much of
Mr. Stewart's time was spent itinerating. His travels extended as far as
the Castlereagh River, and many were the couples he married and many
the children he baptised on these annual tours. As the population in
the Bowenfels district increased, the desire for more regular and more
frequent services grew stronger, and to secure this Mr. Stewart was
formally called in 1842 to labour in that locality, and a church was
erected at a cost of ^{^350.

In these early days parents had difficulty in obtaining the means of
education for their sons; and to aid in supplying this want Mr. Stewart
opened a school for boys at his own residence, and carried it on for a
number of years with much success. The name of Mr. Stewart is
remembered with much interest and affection throughout the whole of
that wide region, and in the interior, over which he was wont to travel.
In 1857 Mr. Stewart resigned and was succeeded by the Rev. S. F.
Mackenzie, M.A., who, in 1863, was called to Maitland, and was
succeeded by the Rev. A. C. Geikie (afterwards Dr. Geikie). He was
followed by the Rev. A. W. Sinclair in 1867, who was succeeded in 1872
by the Rev. William Mackenzie, M. A., brother of the Rev.S. F. Mackenzie.
After a pastorate of sixteen years, he was followed in 1888 by the Rev.
W. G. Maconochie, M.A., who in 1890 accepted a call to Orange, and
was succeeded by the Rev. Anson Smith, who held the pastorate till
1900, when the Rev. William A. S. Anderson, B.A., the present pastor,
was called and duly inducted.

In 1883 CooerwuU Academy was opened, and has proved, as
by its founder it was intended to be, a strength to the congregation.
The original church was built in the Rev. Colin Stewart's time and
enlarged during the pastorate of the Rev. ^^'illiam Mackenzie, trebling
the accommodation. It is built of stone and capable now of seating

214 HISTORIC SKETCHES OE PARISHES

three hundred. During the present pastorate it has been fully renovated.
The manse was built in the Rev. S. F. Mackenzie's time, and enlarged
during the pastorate of the Rev. William Mackenzie. It is a substantial
and roomy building, and has attached to it a glebe of forty acres.

There were four out-stations connected with the parish; but in
1885, Mount Lambie and Eskbank were severed from Bowenfels and
the latter erected into a separate charge. Mount Lambie is now part of
Rylstone charge. The number of out-stations is still four, viz:
Wallerawang, Kanimbla, Cooerwull, and Marrangaroo. The stations are
wide apart, involving a good deal of travelling, but under the efficient
ministry of Mr. Anderson the parish is thriving well. To the liberality
of the Browns of Bowenfels and the ^^'alkers of Wallerawang the
development of the parish, especially in the early days, was mainly due.
At Wallerawang is a very handsome stone church, built by the liberality
of Mrs. Barton (now Mrs. Abbott) for the joint use of the Presbyterian
and Anglican Churches. One of the opening services was conducted
by the late Rev. Dr. Steel of Sydney.

Elders: — (1858) Messrs. Thomas Brown, John McLennan, ^^'illiam
McLintock; (1864) Chas. Sidey; (1870) Andrew Brown, James Barrie;
(1872) Charles Thomson; (1878) Thos. G. ^Valker, George Farquhar;
(1882) Edwin Thompson, Wm. A. Crawford, Andrew Pitt, Wm. C.
Davis; (1886) Alex. Lobban, W. N. Wood; (1901) George Kostre,
George Wilson, and (liarles Baggs.

CARCOAR (BLAYNEY, COWRA, ORANGE).

\Ve class these parishes together because they originally formed one
( harge under the ministry of the Rev. James Adam, M.A.

The first minister settled in the district westward of Bathurst was
the Rev. J. B. Laughton, B.A., who was settled in Carcoar by the Synod
of Australia in 1849. After a year or two of energetic service, he was
translated to Bathurst, and the district was left without supply. Towards
the end of 1853 the Rev. James Cameron, M.A. (afterwards D.D.), who
had been ordained in Scotland, was inducted into the charge by the
Rev. Dr. Macintosh Mackay, late of Dunoon, Scotland. There were no
church buildings in those days; and the unsettled state of the colony
resulting from the gold discovery was not favouraI)le for the starting
of building ojjerations. The work was consetjuently chiefly of an
itinerating character. Dr. Cameron having in 1856 been translated to
the charge of kichniond and I'enrilh, the only services held in the
district for several years thereafter were by the minister of Bathurst, and
by the Rev. Alex. McEwen, chaplain of the \\'estern Goldfields.

PRESBYTER Y OF BATIIURST 215

Application liaving been nuide by several influential Presbyterians to the
Colonial ('onimittee of the Church of Scotland for a minister to be sent
to the district, the application attracted the notice of the Rev. James
Adam, M.A., who had distinguished himself as a student in the
University of Edinburgh. Mr. Adam offered himself, was accepted
and ordained by the J^resbytery of Edinburgh, reaching Sydney in March,
1859. Having been introduced to the district by the Rev. J. B. Laughton,
B.A., Messrs. Hugh Hamilton, John Loudon, and others, who had given
guarantee for his salary, sketched out his work for him. The need of
church buildings becoming increasingly felt, Mr. Adam addressed
himself to the task of obtaining thcni with such energy and success as to
entitle him to be called the great Master Builder of the West.

In 1862 the first church in the district was opened — St. James's in
Carcoar — and then followed at varying intervals churches at Orange,
Blayney, Cowra, Hobby's Yards, No. i Swamp, Brown's Creek, Neville,
Moorilda, and Tuena. Some of these churches were of brick, some of
stone, some of wood, but all of them substantial and creditable, all the
more creditable as building operations were in these days not so easy of
accomplishment as now. In addition to these ten churches, two
commodious and well-designed manses, one at Carcoar and the other at
Blayney, must be put to the credit of Mr. Adam's labours in the district,
a record surely of which any man might feel proud. After nineteen
years of indefatigable effort, Mr. Adam accepted a call to Penrith and
St. Mary's. He was not allowed to leave without substantial tokens of
the gratitude and goodwill of the people among whom he had laboured
so long and with such self-denying zeal.

The Church that year — 1877 — gave expression to her sense of the
value of his work by calling him to occupy the Chair of the (General
Assembly. Mr. Adam was succeeded in 1879 by the Rev. Gavin
Malcolm, who after one year's pastorate was followed by the Rev.
Alexander Dandie, who ministered there for two years.

After an absence of seven years Mr. Adam was recalled, in 1884, to
Carcoar. In the interval Cowra on the one hand, and Blayney on the
other, had been erected into separate parishes. At the end of seven
years Mr. Adam was compelled through failing health to demit a second
time the Carcoar charge. After him the Rev. J. C. Christie was
inducted in August, 1891, and held the charge for five years. He was
followed in August, 1897, by the Rev. James Goudie, who remained
until translated to his former parish of Burrowa. The present minister is
the Rev. J. A. R. Brotchie, M.A., translated from the Tweed River
in July, 1901, who is ''in labours abundant," and is a kindred spirit
with his predecessor, the Rev. James Adam, in many w^ays.

2i6 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

The out-stations include Neville, Trunkey, and Tuena (at each of
which are Presbyterian churches), The Junction, Abercrombie, Man-
durama, Garland, Gallymount, MaranguUa, Burnt \'ards, Pine Hill,
Colo Creek, Woodlands, Kelvin Grove, and Gum Flat.

COBAR.

This parish was started in April, 1900, by the Rev. J. McDowell,
when he was agent of the Home Mission Committee at Nyngan,
and within a year a substantial brick church of pleasing design
was erected, fully ecjuipped and capable of seating three hundred,
and opened by the Rev. J. C. McDonald, M.A., Moderator of
Assembly. There still, however, remains a debt of ^500 on the
building. In August, 1901, the Rev. Joseph McDowell was inducted
as the first minister of the charge. He entered on his labours
amid pleasing demonstrations of interest and with every prospect that
under his energetic ministry Cobar would speedily become a flourishing
parish. At Nymagee, sixty-two miles off, Mr. McDowell gave a monthly
service, and a site for a church there has been donated. At Canbelligo,
an important mining town thirty miles from Cobar, a site has been
secured and a small church erected. At another mining town, Shuttleton,
some fifty miles from Cobar, a site has been secured and a church erected,
and occasional services are held. Mr. McDowell was translated in 1904
to Wellington; and the Rev. J. J. Jennings, late of Balranald, was
inducted by a Commission of the Presbytery, assisted by the Rev. John
Walker, on 25th January, 1905. Cobar is a town of some 7,000
inhabitants, but is almost entirely dependent on the mines — copper and
gold. An assistant is essential to the adecjuate working of the extensive
territory included in this parish of the far West.

COON ABA RABRAN.

Before any settlement was made in Coonabarabran, the Rev.
Alexander McEwen, of Mudgee, was wont to ])ay jieriodical
visits to the extensive district which then inckukd Gulargambone,
Coolah, and Coonamble. The Rev. janics Lamont, F.L.S., was
the first minister settled in Coonabarabran, in the year 1K82. He was
translated to East Maitland in 1.SS3, his successor being the Rev.
John Joy Thorp, who was ordained and inducted in 1884, resigning
in November, 1892. 'I'he Rev. J. C. McDonald, M.A., became
minister of the ])arish in August, 1893. Coolah remained con-
nected with Mudgee till the settlement of Mr. McDonald, when

PRESBYTERY OF BATHURST

MINISTERIAL MEMBERS, 1905

Plate r-9

PRESBYTERY OF BATHURST

ST. STEPHENS, BATHURST
MINISTERS, CHURCHES AND MANSES

Plate 60

PRESBYTERY OF BATHURST

FOUR CHURCHES AND THREE MANSES

Plate 61

PRESBYTERY OF BATHURST

FOUR CHURCHES AND THREE MANSES

Plate 62

PRESBYTERY OF BATH UR ST 2r7

it became attached tcj ("ooiiahaiahnin. 'I'lic Coolah church was built
in Mr. McEwen's time, and was renovated and greatly improved in
1904. When Mr. Thorp left Coonabarabran, (iulargambone, with
Coonamble, was made a separate parish. In Mr. Thorp's time a manse
was built at Coonabarabran, and enlarged during the pastorate of Mr.
McDonald. Churches were also built at Bugaldi and Jjundella during
Mr. McDonald's pastorate, and a Union church at Teridgerie. The
work of the Coonabarabran charge extends over a very large area,
embracing a large number of important squatting stations and
preaching centres. The more im])ortant stations, with the names
of the owners, are: — Oakey Creek (James M. Allison), Caigan and
Burrgoen (F. H. and C. H. Brown), Bundella (T. Finlay), Uliman (John
Henderson), Rockgedgiel and Weetalabah (McMaster Brothers), Oban
(1 ). McMaster, junr.), Binnia 1 )owns (J. McMaster), Mooren (F. Sheppard),
Moreduval (Robert Simson), Ulinda (David Watt), Pibbon (D. McKellar),
Goorianawa (J. A. Campbell, manager), and Urawilkie (Campbell Bros.)
These are all loyal Presbyterian families. Other well-known families are
those of Messrs. Neilson, Parker, McEwen, and Simpson, Coonabara-
bran ; Mrs. Hannah, Bugaldi ; Richardsons, Merrygoen ; and Luckies,
Mundooran. The preaching centres include Coolah, Bundella, Bugaldi,
Binnaway, Baradine, Teridgerie, Pibbon, Merrygoen, and Mundooran.
The recent deaths of Mr. and Mrs. James M. Allison, senr., of Oakey
Oeek, are a great loss to the parish, of which they were for many
years staunch and liberal supporters. The late Mr. and Mrs. John
McMaster, of Weetalabah, were also loyal and liberal Presbyterians,
whose family are walking in their steps. The Rev. J. C. McDonald,
M.A., was tran.slated to Orange in November, 1901, and was succeeded
in November, 1902, by the Rev. James Hendry, M.A., the present
minister, who is in lal)ours aljundant, travelling over 4,000 miles
annually.

DUBBO.

In the early days occasional services were supplied by the
Revs. Colin Stewart, Dr. James Cameron, and Alex. McEwen. Services
were afterwards maintained by agents of the Home Mission
Committee until, in 1S72, the Rev. Colin R. (ireig was settled and
remained for three years. The Rev. Edward Holland was inducted
in 1877 and continued his kindly and valued ministry for ten years.
In January, 1887, the Rev. James T. Main, M.A., was inducted as
colleague and successor to Mr. Holland, and on the death of the
latter, in 1895, became sole minister. The church is a substantial

2i8 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

stone building with porch, spire and bell. It is proposed to enlarge
the church soon by building a transept and chancel, towards which
about ^^400 is in hand, contributed through the Centenary Fund.
There is a roomy brick manse, school hall, built of brick, capable of
seating 350, and a class-room for infants.

During Mr. Main's incumbency two new and extensive parishes were
formed by him out of his vast district, viz: Warren and Trangie-
Narromine. In the present parish there are still several outlying stations
and preaching centres, some of these distant, including: Obley,
Tomingle}', Gundongs, Dundullimal, Balladoran, Coboco, Ballimore,
Brocklehurst, Eschol, and Bunglegumbrie. At Obley and Dundullimal
Presbvterian churches have been built, and at the others churches are
contemplated. In several new districts settlement is taking place, and
population increasing.

Mr. Main, a graduate of Glasgow University, was a licentiate of the
Free Church of Scotfend. Prior to his translation to Dubbo he laboured
for six years in the town and district of Young, and five new churches
built and three additional ministers settled during his pastorate in that
district show how deeply he made his mark in his first charge. He was
called to the Moderatorship of the General Assembly in 1903, and in
February, 1904, was translated to Richmond, as colleague and successor
to Dr. Cameron. For a few weeks he was spared, and then suddenly
entered into the joy of his Lord, mourned by many who knew his worth.
His remains were interred at Dubbo, where he had spent so many years
of useful work. At the unveiling of monuments to his memory in
church and cemetery almost the whole population of Dubbo gathered
to express respect. In May, 1904, the Rev. J. C. W. McNeill, M.A.,
after a brief ministry at Moss Vale, was called and settled at Dubbo, and
has entered heartily on his work.

Eldkrs: — Present elders, Messrs. 'I'hos. Baird, j.l*., John ^\'heaton,
and Joseph Murray. The following were among the earlier elders,
which list may not be complete as the records are missing : — Messrs.
Arthur Campbell Baird, Neil Kerr Macdiarmid, John Morris, Thomas
Colhoun, James Holmes, Charles E. Rennie, and T. A. Ayling.

KSKBANK.
Eskbank formed originally part of the Bowenfels charge, but in
1883 — along with Lithgow -it became a separate parish. In that year
the Rev. John TaN'lor was inducted as the first minister, and did a
valuable work until called to Kempsey. He was succeeded in 1891
by the Rev. C. W. Willis, who was much liked and, on being called to

PRESBYTERY OE BATHURST 219

Mudgee, was Iblhnvcd in 1S95 1)\- thu Rev. I ). Fcnwick. 'I"hc Rcw
1). Fulton was inducted in 1898, and was followed in 1900 by the
Rev. David Baird, the present minister.

The church, a handsome brick building on stone foundati(jn.s, is

seated for three hundred, and is adorned with beautiful stained-glass

windows. A marble tablet in the church bears the following inscription : —

This (.huicli was erected in 1S80 at the sole expense of Thomas Brown,

original proprietor of EsUhank, in memory of a beloved wife, who died

lOth day of May, 1878.

There is also a good manse adjoining the church.

The only out-station is Hartley Vale, llie congregation has had to
struggle with difficulties, but a steady improvement is now looked for.
Ironworks, coal-mining, and co[)[)er-smelting are the chief industries.

Elders, past and present: — Dr. Hugh Kirkland, Messrs. G. (^.
McMurtry (transferred to South Australia), J. P. Williams, John McCali,
Peter Mearns, C. J. Morgan, and F. Elliott.

GUEARGAMBONE AND COONAMBEE.

Gulargambone, formerly associated with Coonabarabran, was formed
into a separate parish in 1893, and had the Rev. David Fulton as its first
minister — inducted in April, 1894, and resigning in September, 1895.

He was followed by the Rev. R. E. Davies, inducted in June, 1896,
and demitting in April, 1904. There are many preaching centres in the
charge, among them Coonamble, Gilgandra, Curban, Tooraweenah, and
Box Ridge. The parish was for some time supplied by the Home
Mission Committee. The Rev. J. H. Nolan, M.A., one of our own
licentiates, was, however, inducted over this wide parish in July, 1905,
with the most hopeful prospects. Before very long Coonamble should
be the centre of a new parish.

Elders : — Messrs. W. T. Mill and Alexander Ferguson. Man.\gers :
Messrs. John Ferguson (Treasurer), Peter Ferguson, James Strang,
Thomas McGill, and \\\ Mcl'2wen.

GUEGONG.

Gulgong formed originally part of the Mudgee charge, and received
occasional services from the Rev. Alexander McEwen. In 1872 Mr. T. J.
Curtis, student of Divinity, was sent to assist Mr. McEwen, chiefly with
the view of his supplying services in Gulgong. A substantial weather-
board church had been built in which Mr. Curtis conducted services, as
well as in various other centres in the district around. During Mr.
Curtis's time in Gulgong a manse was built, standing with the church on

2 20 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

a Government grant of nearly an acre, and all free of debt. Mr. Curtis
left in 1875. In consequence of the failure of the gold fields and the
exodus of the people, there is no record of further services being held
till, in September, 1888, Mr. W. H. Meek, sent by the Home Mission
Committee, again started services, and after a year's work was ordained
and inducted as minister of the parish. He resigned in March, 1894,
a'ld was followed by Mr. William Dobbie, who ofiiciated till transferred
to Byron Bay in 1896 In 1896 a call was addressed to the Rev.
J. A. R. Perkins, B.A., who was inducted in November, remaining till, in
January, 1899, he was translated to Liverpool. A vacancy followed
which lasted till November, 1900, when the Rev. A. J. Doig, B.A., the
present minister, was inducted. Mr. Doig has laboured with much
zeal and acceptance, and last year a movement was made for the
erection of a new church, but the adverse times compelled the
committee to delay taking action. Mr. Doig has just resigned, and
received a testimonial from all classes.

Gulgong is the centre of a large farming and pastoral district, with
twelve preaching centres, lying at distances varying from five to
forty-five miles from the centre, namely: — Slapdash, Melrose, Tallewang,
Elong Elong, Canadian, Merotherie, \\'argundy, L>igilah, Ulan, Uarbry,
Balara, and Sandy Creek.

Elders, who have served the parish : — Messrs. Wm. Dobbie,
J. Keith Miller (now the Rev.), Robert Cochrane, James Clark,
Albert Brigden, Dr. J. L. M. McCreadie, Messrs. Thos. Gudgeon, and
Alexander Douglas.

MUDGEE.

This parish was founded in the year 1859 by the Rev. Alexander
McEwen, a scholarly and much esteemed man, who held the pastorate
till his death, in Mudgee, on icSih August, 1883, aged 54. Mr. McEwen
was appointed Chaplain of the \\'estern Goldfields in 1855,
Hargraves being his head(]uarters, on the Meroo River, between
Mudgee and Hill JMid. On the abolition of that Chaplainship, he
settled in Mudgee at the close of 1858, when a small church was erected,
now used as a school-hall. In i860 he received a call to Hinton,
where he laboured until 1864, when he was called back to Mudgee.
The parish included at that time Coolah, Kerrabia, Hargraves, Coona-
barabran and the stations on that end of Liverpool Plains, and over all
that wide district Mr. McEwen was lookt'd to i)y people of all classes
and creeds, as their guide, counsellor, and friend. Mr. McEwen was
married to a daughter of the late Dr. Busby, of Bathurst, a true helpmeet.

PRESBYTERY OF BATIIURST 221

He wus succeeded ill 1884 hy the Re\-. (). W. Neel\', IJ.A., who,
after a brief pastorate of eight months, retired through ill health, and
was succeeded by the Rev. W. G. Maconochie, M.A., in 1885. After a
much-valued pastorate of three years, he was succeeded by the Rev.
J. C. McDonald, M.A., in Septeml)er, 1888, and excellent work continued
to be done. Mr. McDonald was translated to Coonabarabran in August,
1893, and was succeeded in January, 1894, by the Rev. C. W. \Villis, who,
after an earnest ministry, was translated to F)rmont in August, 1901.
The Rev. T. D. Evans is the present minister, having been inducted on
26th February, 1902. Hill End is supplied n(jw from Mudgee, though
f(jr some years it was a parish. The church is a substantial brick building
of elegant design, and is centrally situated. In addition to the church,
there is a school-hall and a suitable brick manse.

Eldkrs: — Inducted 1866: Messrs. \Vm. R. Gillespie, John Hume,,
Thomas Quigley; 1877 — Allen McLean; 1879 — Hugh Caughey,.
Thomas Robertson, Robert CoUings; 1900 — William Shaw and Alex.
Macdonald.

ORANGE.

Orange formed originally part of the Carcoar charge and received
stated visits from its ministers, the Revs. J. B. Laughton, Dr. Cameron,,
and James Adam. When Orange was disjoined, the Rev. James-
Paterson, M. A., was ordained and inducted in July, 1 867. He was followed
by the Rev. J. A. Stuart in 1870. Four years after, the Rev. John R.
AN'ardrop, M.A. — who came from the Church of Scotland, and was a man
of culture and ability — became minister. After three years he resigned,
and went to Victoria, where he had a parish for some years, returning
eventually to Sydne}-, where he died. His successor was the
Rev. J. B. Laughton, B.A., inducted in 1877. After a brief pastorate
he resigned, and in 1883 was succeeded by the Rev. Thomas Xisbet,
who, to the regret of all, demitted in June, 1890. He was followed
by the Rev. W. G. Maconochie, M.A., in October, who after a
valued ministr\' was translutetl to Randwick in June, 1896. He was
succeeded in February, 1897, by the Rev. A. M. Gauld, who did good
work, and accepted a call to Goulburn in August, 1901. The present
minister is the Rev. J. Clark McDonald, M.A., who was translated from
Coonabarabran in November, 1901. He was Moderator of Assembly in
1900-1, and did much public work.

The church was built in Mr. Adam's time, and the manse in that of
Mr. Laughton. The church has since been pulled down and a hand-
some school-hall erected, in which, for the present, service is held.

222 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Plans have been adopted for a new church, befitting the importance of
the city, and the sum of ;^2j4oo is in the bank for its erection.
Through the Centenary Fund the Hon. A. T. Kerr, M.L.C., gave two
hundred guineas for this purpose. The town of Orange has, during
the past twelve years, grown to a position of much importance.

March, Canoblas, and Borenore are the out-stations connected
with the charge, which is rapidly becoming one of our most important
country parishes.

List of Elders who have served St. John's Church, Orange: —
1864 — Messrs. George McKay, Alexander Parker, William Thomas
Trappitt, *the Hon. Andrew Taylor Kerr, M.L.C.; 1898 — Messrs.
*Adam Buckham, *Archibald Fullarton, Robert Anderson- 1904 —
* James Smith MoUison, C.E. * Present Session.

RYLSTONE.

Rylstone formed originally part of the Bowenfels parish, and in the
■early days received visits from the Rev. Colin Stewart, M. A., then minister
of Bowenfels. A church was erected at Glen Alice, some forty years
ago, and is still used for worship, although now in a somewhat decayed
•condition. After the retirement of the Rev. Colin Stewart, no services,
■except occasional ones, were held in Rylstone and Capertee Valley for
about fifteen years. Part of the charge, including Sunny Corner and
Mt. Lambie, was formed into a separate parish and worked as such, but
the collapse of the mining industry of Sunny Corner, and the departure
of the people, necessitated a new arrangement. A new parish was
accordingly formed, having Rylstone for its centre, and in 1898 the
Rev. J. ]. Thorpe was appointed by the Home Mission Committee,
and he continued to minister for three years. He was succeeded by the
Revs. Alan McDougall and A. Griffiths. In 1892 Mr. A. 1). Robertson,
who had done excellent work at Botany and West Monaro, was ai)i)()inted
to supj)ly and re-organize the charge. In that year a substantial stone
cluirch was built in Rylstone, and opcnetl, free of debt, by the Rev. John
Walker, Moderatcjr of the General Assembly. The site, centrally situated
and containing two acres, has recently been fenced in. The building of
a manse is talked of.

The cement works at Portland have attracted a large jxjpulation,
and a suitable church is likely to be built in this growing town soon.
'I'he district extends from (iinghi to Rydal, a distance of ninety-five
miles; and from Nulla Mount to Softila, sixty-five miles. This entails
driving of about 4,000 miles each year by the minister in charge.

PRESBYTERY OF JLITIIURST 223

The places where services are held are: Rylstone, Ginghi, Nulla
Mount, Narrengo, Ilford, Camboon, Glen Alice, Capertee, Portland,
Sofala, Sunny Corner, Mt. Lamhie, and R)dal.

As poi)ulation increases, it is hoped that out of this widel)' scattered
parish, several new charges may be successfully formed.

TRANGIE-NARROMINE.

This new jjarish lies on the plains stretching from the foot of the
hills west of Dubbo to near Nevertire, a distance of about forty-five miles
along the railway, and it extends beyond both the Maccjuarie and the
Bogan Rivers, a distance, north and south, (jf about seventy miles.

Services were started in Trangie by the late Rev. E. Holland of
Dubbo, but it was not till the settlement of the late Rev. J. T. Main,
M.A., in Dubbo, in 1S87, that regular services were organised in Trangie.
An allotment of ground was secured, and the first church in Trangie was
built through Mr. Main's exertions. In this church Anglican and
Methodist services were regularly held for many years. Services were
also held at Timbrebongie on the Macquarie and a church built there.
A little later services were started in Narromine, a rapidly growing town.

With the advent of selectors who took up the country thrown o[)en
under Mr. Carruthers' Act, an attempt was made to form a separate
charge, which was effected in 1902, and on nth February, 1903, the
first settlement took place, the Rev. William G. Sharpe, B.A., one of our
own students, being inducted. The parish now has a fine, commodious
brick church in Trangie, the foundation stone of which was laid by the
Rev. Dr. Cameron, Moderator of Assembly, and opened by the Re\". John
Walker, who had collected over ^^400 towards the cost through the
Centenary Fund. There is also a wooden church at Timbrebongie, and
two allotments of land at Narromine, with a sum of money in hand
towards building a brick church, which has just been started.

The parish has l)een thoroughl)' organised, and now contains
ten regular preaching centres: Trangie, Narromine, Timbrebongie,
Dandaloo, Annandale, Weemabah, Cathundril, Bogan Road, Backwater,
and Woodside. There is a large tract of country lying west and south
of these places that can only be visited occasionally on account of
distance, but which urgently requires services.

The principal families connected with the Church in the I'rangie
portion of the parish comprise Mr. and Mrs. John Campbell, Mr.
George Gordon, J. P., and family, Mr. John Lindsay, J. P., Mr. I. 1*'.
Smart and family, Mr. and Mrs. Butter of Invermay, Mr. and Mrs.

224 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

John Rankin of Strathavon, and Mr. A. S. C. Beveridge of Mullah.
In the past, Mr. and Mrs. J. McLennan — now of Boolaroo public
school — were staunch supporters. Mr. J. McUowall, M.A., head
master of the public school, is treasurer.

Timbrebongie, at the fords of the Macquarie, on the old coaching
road to Bourke, is a very old and strong Presbyterian centre. Near here is
the fine station Burroway, owned by Messrs. R. and A. Scott, who for many
years have been very hearty supporters. The managing partner,
Mr. T. M. Scott, J. P., and family live at the homestead. The stations
of the late J. C. Ryrie, senr. — Weemabah and Euromedah — lie along the
river. Mr. ^^'. B. Perry, J. P. — of Comptonand Fairview — and family live
close to the church. Further away is Buddah Lake, the home of Mr. and
Mrs. Colin Cameron and family, and Buddah Hall, the old home of
Mr. George McKillop, now occupied by his sons. Narromine owes
much to Mr. Frank Mack, J. P., and family, of Narromine
station; also to the late Messrs. Burns and Stevenson, of
Colliburl. Other families connected with this portion of the parish are
Mr. and Mrs. James Dempster of Craigie Lea, Mr. and Mrs. Rice of
Narwonah, Mr. T. E. Perry of Wangrabel, and the Beveridge Brothers.
Out towards the Bogan are Mr. and Mrs. Howe of Dunnield, Mr. and
Mrs. John Goldsmith of Auburn (a splendid property on the Dandaloo
Road), Mr. and Mrs. F. J. Martel of Dandaloo Station on the Bogan,
Mr. R. Stewart, J.P., of Tyrie, Mr. Harrie Russ, J.P., and Mrs. Russ of
TuUa Rook, and Mr. and Mrs. John Robertson of Mayfield.

WARREN.

Warren was originally an out-station of the Dubbo charge, and did not
come into existence as a separate parish till 1897, in which year the Rev.
E. J. Thomson was inducted as the first minister. He was succeeded by
the Rev. A. S. McCook, B.A., who was inducted in 1899, and, after an
energetic and earnest ministry of five years, was translated to \\'est
Maitland in 1904. After a vacancy of twelve months the choice of
the cfMigregalion fell u{)on the Rev. W. H. McC'ook, B.A., a younger
brother of the former minister, who had just completed his course at the
University and St. Andrew's 'i'heological College. Warren is the centre
of a large and rich pastoral district, which, however, during recent years
has suffered greatly from drought. The parish is an extensive one,
being about 100 miles in diameter; the preaching centres are far apart,
which necessarily entails a great deal of travelling on the part of the
minister. In Warren there is a valuable proi)erty of about \\ acres, in

PRESBYTERY OF BATHURST

THREE CHURCHES, TWO MAIMSES, AND A SCHOOL HALL

Plate 6.i

PRESBYTERIES OF BATHURST AND SYDNEY

FIVE CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

Plate 6U

PRESBYTERY OF BATHURST

TWO CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

PORTRAITS OF MINISTERS AND OFFICE-BEARERS

Plate GG

PRESBYTERY OF BAT HURST 225

the centre of the town, origin;illy acquired as a Government grant for
church, manse, and school purposes. The church and manse are built
of wood, and are both very neat and comfortable structures.

In addition to Warren, regular monthly services are held at
Nevertire, Boundary Gate, Bullagreen, Bundilla, Collie, and Eenaweena.
At Bullagreen there is a neat little wooden church, and funds are in
hand for the erection of a church at Bundilla. The church at Collie is
a Union one, while at Nevertire services are held, by arrangement, in
the Church of England building. Haddon Rig station, owned by Mr.
fames Richmond, of Monzie Castle, Crieff, Scotland — through its
manager, Mr. Charles Hunter — has always been a liberal suppf)rter of
the church : while a good friend has always been found in Mr. Henry
Campbell of Eenaweena station. At Bullagreen the large families of
Munro, McCalman, and McLeish arc a tower of strength, as are also in
their respective centres Messrs. D. M. Irving (Bundilla), S. Stewart
(Glenburn), W. J. Pearse (Collie), and F. Bowman (Kulkine). For
several years the duties of general secretary have been faithfully carried
out by Mr. James Walker, manager of Gillendoon station, while for
a similar period Mr. A. J. Campbell, Warren, has proved a most
capable treasurer. No elders have yet been elected.

WELLINGTON.

In the early days occasional services were held in Wellington
by the Rev. Colin Stewart, ALA., and subsequently regular services
were for a time conducted by the Rev. T<^^hn Thom, M.A. From
various causes, chiefly the divided state of feeling among the
I'resbyterians, the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales
found it difficult to maintain a settled agent there ; in the
absence of such, services were started by the Synod of Eastern
Australiii, and a site having been presented by Mr. J. A. Gardiner
of Gobolion and ;^ioo having been donated by him towards the
building fund, a substantial brick church was erected and regular
services were held for a time. As, however, the district was unable to
maintain more than one minister, the Synod of Eastern Australia retired,
and its property was transferred to the Presbyterian Church of New
South Wales. The Rev. George Milne was inducted in 1898. Mean-
while, the site which had been granted by the Government for a
Presbyterian church in Wellington was resumed on the plea that it had
not been used for the purpose for which it had been granted, but, after
a keen contest led by the Rev, George Milne, and the passing of a special
o

226 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Act of Parliament, the site was recovered, and on it a hantl^ome manse
erected. The idea is, by-and-bye, to tUspose of the present church and
the site on which it stands, devoting the proceeds to the erection of
a handsome church on the corner site adjoining the manse. The Rev.
George Mihie energetically worked ^^'ellington for a number of years,
and on his translation to Leichhardt was succeeded by the Rev. Joseph
McDowell, the present minister, early in 1904, and the parish is
prospering.

The following are the preaching stations outside Wellington: —
Bodangora, ^Vindora, Spicer's Creek, Ponto, Geurie, Neurea, Curra
Creek, Yullundry, Cumnock, Alolong, and Burrendong. Weatherboard
churches have within a year been erected at Spicer's Creek (the cost
subscribed and site given through the Centenary Fund), Windora,
Burrendong and Wuuluman. At Molong we have a good church, and
this town was at one time the centre of a Home Mission charge, and,
as we go to press, a minister has been sent with excellent prospects
of a strong parish being formed along with Cumnock and other centres.
At Cumnock we have an excellent church and manse site, given by Mr.
John Bruce with some money towards a church, in connection with the
Centenary Fund.

Elders : — Messrs. A. J. Poison (removed Uobroyde), D. McAlister
(removed Nowra), A. Sharpe (removed ^^'indsor), Donald Ross
(Comobella), Alex. McLeod (XN'indora), J. Munro (Catombal), P. C.
Trotter (Bodangora), John Bcnigh (Wellington), and Colin I )ouglas
(Ponto).

PRESBYTERY OF THE CLARENCE.

BALLINA.

The Ballina parish was formed in 1885, the Rev. Boswell Berry,
.M.A., being the first minister. After a peaceful and useful pastorate, Mr.
Berry resigned on 30th September, 1889. On the 23rd November, 1892,
tile Rev. J. J. Thorp was inducted, demitting on 29th January, 1896.
During Mr. Thorp's ministry a manse was built. The Rev. \\'. \\'alter
AV'atts succeeded on 4lh October, 1896, and did an excellent work. He
resigned in March, 1903, and is now settled at Young. The Rev. James
Gray is the present minister, having been inducted on 22nd July, 1903.
The parish includes the following preaching centres: — Ballina, Alston-
-ville, Brooklet, Newrybar, Rous, Tintenbar, and McLean's Ridges,
where services are regularly held. At Ballina there is both church
and manse, and a nice church at Alstonville. There are two Presbyterian
Sabbath schools in the parish, and two Union schools, and gratifying
progress is being made.

Elders, past and present: — Messrs. George Ridding, Alstonville
(deceased); William Duncan, Alstonville; W. H. Elvery, Alstonville;
Alexander Robins, Rous; Isaac Thorburn, Rous; David Sharpe,
Ballina (left); — Craig, Ballina (left); Hugh Gibson, Ballina; John
Lang, Ballina; Ewin McDonald, Pearce's Creek (now of Clunes parish);
.and Alexander Bryce, Alstonville (left).

BELLINGER -ORARA.

'I'his parish was formed in 1883, the first minister being the Rev.
James Goudie, who remained till January, 1887. There are three
■church buildings -at Bellingen, Eernmount and Karanghi. At Bellingen
there is also a manse. The Rev. T. 1 ). Evans was inducted in September,
1896, resigning on grounds of luullli on 31st December, 1898. There
.are three Sabbath schools and eleven preaching centres, namely :
Bellingen, Eernmount, Karanghi, Bellinger Heads, Raleigh, Cofif's

2 28 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Harbour, Dunvegan, Coramba, Nana Glen, Never Never, and North
Arm. At the last-named centre a Presbyterian church is now being
built. At Dunvegan and Never Never there are Union churches.
The work is at present carried on by Agents of the Home Mission
Committee, Mr. John Mitchell having had charge of the parish for three
fruitful years, and for the past two years Mr. \\ . Ferries has been doing
splendid work.

Elders: — ^Messrs. John Pollock and Fiugh Mclnnes.

BYRON BAY.

Byron Bay came into existence as a Home Mission district about
1894. Mr. Wm. Dobbie occupied the field for some three years before
it was recognised as a sanctioned charge. Services were thereafter
maintained by agents of the Home Mission Committee, and visits were
paid by the ministers of Lismore and Ballina. In March, 1901, the
Rev. C. H. Hain — one of our own students — was inducted as first
minister of Byron Bay. There is a neat church at Springvale,.
built on a site generously donated by Mr. George Baker ; another
at Byron Bay (where an excellent site was donated by Mr. George
McClean), and a third at Mullumbimby. At Myocum there is a
manse and twelve acres of glebe, given by Mr. George McClean and
Mr. A. Macgregor. There are seven preaching stations, and the parish
is in a healthy condition. The Rev. C. H. Hain accepted a call to
Grenfcil early in 1905, and the Rev. Richard Dill Macky was inducted
in September, 1905.

Preaching Stations: — Mullumbimby, Main Arm, Billinudgel,
Myocum, Byron Bay, Bangalow, and Springvale.

Elders : — Messrs. James Davidson (Mullumbimby), Duncan.
Cameron (Springvale), and Andrew Moles (Eureka), session clerk.

CASINO.
The Rev. John Strang was minister of W'oodburn till i 902, and to him
belongs the credit of having included Casino as ])arl of his wide parish,
giving it regular .services, and visiting with great diligence both the-
t(nvn and district. Before that. Casino had been a charge in connection
with tile Synod of Eastern Australia, who had a church and manse in
the t(;wn. Things not prospering lallerly, and the debt (jn both
buildings proving irksome, after much hesitation the property was.

PRESBYl^ERY OF THE CLARENCE 229

handed oxer to the J*rcsh\ Iniaii (hurchof N'l-w South Wales, along
with the del)t. Mr. Stran^^ soon cleared the building of debt, and got
together a good congregation. Towards the end of 1901 things had so
developed that ("asino, with Coraki and Codrington, were formed by
the Presbytery of the Clarence into a new parish, and Mr. Strang
accepted a call to l)ec(jnie its first minister. \Vith his usual activity,
Mr. Strang at once jjushed out, and supplied services to the growing
district of K\()gle and new centres around. To help in developing this
-country he, after a while, got an assistant. In May, 1904, the Rev. j.
Strang died, greatly regretted by all sections of the community, .\fler
several ministers had been heard, the Rev. David Allan, late of N'oung,
was inducted on 12th Oc:tober, 1904. Since then, things liave
progres.sed in the Church, as in the district, at a phenomenal rate, and
Mr. Allan is full of work and plans for further extension. The present
church is proving altogether too small, and it is intended to erect a new
kirk at once, to cost about ;^2,ooo, and worthy of the Presbyterian
Church in that important district. ^^255 is already in hand, and no
•canvass has yet been made, ^^'e have a small building at Tatham —
midway between Casino and Coraki — where a new church is to be built
forthwith, nearly all the money having been provided. ^Ve have a fine
church at Coraki, and some 8 acres of land. Coraki is a charming
town, and, ere long, should be the centre of a new parish, along with
('odrington.

Elders : — Messrs. Charles Cameron (clerk), W. G. Mackney,
Dugald Cameron, James I>amont, Gavin Baillie, John Montgomery,
and David McPhail.

CLUNKS.

This parish was formed in 1899 by separating four preaching centres
from Lismore and one from Byron Pay, and by adding another,
Dunoon. There are six preaching centres, extending from
Pismore to the Byron Bay i)arish, viz. : Clunes, Pexhill, Rosebank,
Dunoon, Corndale, and Pearce's Creek. 'i'he latter centre was
separated from Ballina parish and joined to Clunes in July, 1903.
The Revs. J. H. Craig, M.A., and W. Gould-Taylor, F.L.S., occupied the
field for a time, and did good work for the Home Mission Committee, the
latter buying and presenting a site for a church at Bexhill. The parish,
however, made but little growth until the Rev. M. Henry, M.A., was
inducted in June, 1903, as its first settled minister. vSince then, gratifying
progress has been made, and a manse is about to be secured in Clunes,
most of the money having been contributed.

230 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

GRAF'l'ON.

In 1S50 the Rev. John Gibson, formerly a Congregational minister,,
arrived in the colony with Dr. Lang and, having received an invitation
to visit the Clarence River, became the first minister in that district.
Losing his wife and three children by death, Mr. Gibson left the
Clarence and removed to Balmain. He was succeeded in 1 854 by the Rev>
Robert Miller, formerly a missionary in Africa and in India, who died
in 1855. The Revs. James Collins, James Niven (5th February, 1867,,
to November, 1870), William J. Cuthbert (who left about September,
1873), J. M. Innes (from May, 1874, to November, 1876), Allan
Macdougall, M.A. (inducted 1877, demitted April, 1885), and Andrew
Barron, M.A. (29th September, 1885, to May, 1898), were successively
ministers of the parish, the present pastor, the Rev. Alex. Fraser, being
inducted in February, 1899." The Presbyterian church in Grafton is
well situated, on a corner site, and is a handsome structure, with
accommodation for 400 worshippers. It is now free from debt, the
event being celebrated by Thanksgiving Services, conducted in June,
1905, by the pastor and the Rev. Ronald G. Macintyre, B.l)., of
Woollahra. A considerable sum was donated through the Centenary
Fund towards the church debt. There is an old, but habitable, manse.
Grafton parish has ten preaching centres, in one of which, Upper
Copmanhurst, is a neat weatherboard church. There are two Sabbath
schools connected with the parish, lx)th in a healthy condition. The
])astor is pleased with the progress exhibited in all departments, and says
the outlook is eminently hopeful. As regards the rise and develo[)ment
of Lresbyterianism on the Clarence River, we find it stated that
" the Rev. Allan Mclntyre was inducted at Maitland to the charge at the
Clarence River on Tuesday', iSth November, 1861. He remained in
charge for two years. After him, the Revs. Alexander Mclntyre and
James McCulloch kept up services until their decease." These esteemed
brethren, whose memory is still gratefully cherished, were all of them
members of the original Synod of Eastern Australia. The Rev. Duncan
Mclnnes was also a member of that Synod. He was called to the
Lower Clarence, and, with Maclean as his head([uarters, he still labours
diligently and devcjtedly among those who look up to him with
confidence and affection. Ik; enjoys the reputation of being the
longest settled minister on the North Coast.

Prkachinh; Cknikks : — (irafton, Upper Copmanhurst, \\'hiteman
Creek, Eatonswill, Orara, Kangaroo Crerk, L'jjper Kangaroo Oeek,
Nymboida, Blaxland Creek, and Ti I'ree ("reek.

L.\NiJ AND Buildings: Grafion, nearly 3 acres— church and
manse, brick buildings; school hall, wooden building. South Grafton

rRESBVTERY OF THE CLARENCE 231

— land \ acre, no buildings. ('o[)nKinhurst — \\ acres, ncj buildings.
Ujjpcr CoiJinanhurst — \ acre, church.

Ei.DKKs, jjast and present: — Messrs. James Henderson, John Philip
Bender, Wm. J. Hyde, John McFarlane, Robert Young, Thomas
George Hewitt, David Spalding, John Hay, James Burt, Duncan
McGill, Thomas Mcintosh, and Duncan McFarlane.

KYOGLE.

Services were begun by the late Rev. John Strang, of Casino, in
July, 1902, and were held at the residence of Mr. Alex. Campbell,
manager of Kyogle Station. The services at first were held on week,
nights, with an occasional Sabbath service. This was continued until
summer of 1903, when, owing to Kyogle Estate being bought by a
syndicate, and cut up into blocks for farming, a large number of
which blocks were sold, the population so increased that the need of
more services and of a church became apparent. In the spring of 1903
a building was begun, and, through the zealous labours of the Rev. J.
Strang, was carried to a successful issue, and a church to accommodate
about sixty people was completed, free of debt, on a block of land in
the main street, given by the syndicate. In October of 1903 a mission
agent (Mr. ^^'m. McClelland Inglis) was sent to Kyogle to work with the
Rev. J. Strang, and regular services were begun in Kyogle church, and
an effort made to establish preaching centres in the surrounding
district. Mr. Inglis was succeeded by Mr. J. N. McGee, student, and
weekly services were maintained in Kyogle and, at intervals of a
month, at South Kyogle, Back Creek, and Lynch's Creek, and, at
intervals of two months, at Grady's Creek and Eden Creek.

A further sale taking place in the spring of 1904 increased the
population, and, as many of the settlers are from Victoria, our Church
benefited largely. The syndicate at this time also gave an additional
block of land for a manse, situated in one of the choicest positions in
the township and only a couple of hundred yards from the main
street. The value of the whole property held by the Church is : IMock
of land and church building, ^340.

Although the present condition of the charge is not very
[)rosperous, there is good material upon which to work, and the
outlook is good. Mr. J. Payne Lewis is now in charge.

It is intended to bring the whole of the miworked territorw
extending to the north-west to a distance of 65 miles, into touch at an
early date, when monthly moonlight services will be established at
Acacia (reek, Tooloom, Unuin'4 u\ and Roseberrv.

232 BIS2VRIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

LISMORE.

This charge was originally known as the Richmond River parish,
and embraced the whole district known as the Richmond, the
Brunswick, and the Tweed Rivers. The first headquarters (where the
first church was built) was at Coraki. The first minister was the Rev.
John Thom, M.A., who was, after a successful ministry, drowned
through the capsizing of a boat on the Richmond on 2nd September,
1869. After a vacancy of over one year the charge was filled by the
induction of the Rev. Daniel Blue, who made Lismore his headquarters,
and commenced his work about the end of 1870. He was succeeded
by the Rev. W. F. Fraser, M.A., in November, 1877. The Rev. R. IngHs,
M.A.,was inducted early in 1886; the Rev. W, F. Craigieon 21st October,
1891; the Rev. James Gray on 20th May, 1896; and the Rev. M.
Kirkpatrick, B.A., on 17th February, 1904.

The first communion was celebrated in 1871, with five members.

The original charge has been divided into the following parishes,
viz.: — Lismore, Woodburn, Ballina, The Tweed, Byron Bay, Clunes,
Casino, and Kyogle.

Property : — The congregation at Lismore first worshipped in the
Temperance Hall, then in the Protestant Hall, and has since the end of
1 88 1 worshipped in their own building, a substantial brick church
seated for 250. There is a fine manse, situated in one of the choicest
positions in Lismore, the property having a value of about ^2,500. A
new allotment of land has just been purchased at a cost of ,^^,375, on
which it is proposed to build a new church.

Elders: — The first Session was formed in December, 1872, by
the induction of Mr. Samuel Gibson and ordination of Mr. Duncan
McDonald. The following were inducted in the years given : — (1874)
Messrs. John Miller, John Lang; (1880) James Barrie, Donald Munro,
Peter McDonald, William Miller; (1886) James Baillie, William Munro,
David Chisholm, Captain Robert White; (1890) the Rev. T. Osborne
and Mr. James Jolly; (1892) Mes.sr.s. T. G. Hewitt, J. H. Smith ; (1899)
R. Jack, J. McA. Ross, Walter Wotherspoon; (1900) William McDonaUl;
(1904) A. Jolly, P. Van Epen, R. F. Maze, J. Adams, G. Annand,
\\. Jones, and J. McKinnon. Messrs. John Millar, P. McDonald,
Cajitain Robert White, Messrs. S. Gibson, Donald Munro, and D.
McDonald have .since been removed by death. The Rev. 'J\ Osborne
and Mr. 'J\ G. Hewitt resigned, and Messrs. John Lang, ^^■illiam Miller,
William Munro, David Chisholm, J. McA. Ross, J. H. Smith, and
William McDonald have either left the district or been transferred
t(; charges formed out of the original j)arisli.

PRESBYTERY OF THE CLARENCE

FOUR CHURCHES AND THREE MANSES

Plate G7

PRESBYTERIES OF THE HASTINGS AND THE CLARENCE

FIVE CHURCHES AND THREE MANSES

Plate OS

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

ek

^- PRESBYTERY OF THE CLARENCE

m

MINISTERIAL MEMBERS, 1904

I'late i;:i

Presbytery of the Clarence ;- Reus. J. Gr„y, C. H. Main, D. Allan, M. Htnry, M.A., A. F,iis,r, M. Kirkpatrick, B A-,

T. S. Neil, R. Cordiner, M.A., and J. B. Wilson, B A.
Presbytery of lllauiarra : -Reus. R. Miller, B.A., D. McUnnnn, J. Burgess, M.A., R. Inglia, M.A.. 0. M. Bitmft, B.A.,

J. Latvrie, and John W, Dymock,

PRESBYTERY OF GOULBURN

FOUR CHURCHES AND FOUR MANSES

Plate 70

PRESBYTERY OE TJIE CLARE.\CE J33

MACLICAN.

Formed in 1882, the first niinislcr Ixjing the Kcv. John lUui^ess, M.A.,
now of Kiama. The town and parish were tlien known as Rock)' Mouth.
Mr. Hurgess met and overcame many difticullies and left a strong cause.
He was followed in 1890 by the Rev. James S. Scott, afterwards of
Inverell, and now of Hunter Baillie Church, Annandale. Both of these
brethren will long be remembered by the congregation for their able and
faithful work. The present minister, the Rev. T. Scott Neil, arrived from
Scotland in 1899, and was inducted in November of that year. The
only church property belonging to the congregation is in Maclean, where
there is a comfortable church and an excellent manse, on a charming and
•commanding site, at the bend of the river. Services are held at
Palmer's Island, Harwood, and Chatsworth in Union churches. There
is a good Sunday School at Maclean, and the various congregational
organizations are in healthy working order. Mr. Samuel McNaughtan
has been treasurer of the parish since its inception.

Elders: — Messrs. Angus Mclnnes, Archibald Smith, John
McLachlan, Andrew H. Garven, Donald Shearer, Dugald Macdonald,
Benjamin Morrison, and William Hutton. The five last named form
the present Session.

MH:)DLE CLARENCE.

Formed in 1885, the Rev. A. Eraser, now of Grafton, being the first
minister, remaining until February, 1889. He was succeeded, in May,
1892, by the Rev. Alexander McClinchie, now of Culcairn, who continued
till March, 1894. There are three main centres; Ulmarra, Lawrence,
and Cowper, in which service is held once every Lord's I )a\-. Monthly
■services are also held at Tucabia Union Church and in King's Creek
Hall. The di.strict stretches for about twenty miles along the ri\er.

There is a good church at Ulmarra, built and opened free of debt
■during the Rev. James Gray's pastorate — Mr. Gray having succeeded
Mr. McClinchie in August, 1894, and continuing until May, 1896.

\\ Cowper there is a good manse, built during the Rev. A. I'raser's
pastorate, and a church, built during the ministry of the Rev. A. P.
Cameron. It is a valuable property and free of debt. At Lawrence there
is a c-hurch free of debt. There are Sabbath schools at Ulmarra and
Lawrence, and throughout the district good work is being done among
the young. The Rev. A. P. Cameron, B.A., an energetic and successful
member of the native ministry, was inducted in September, 1896,
ministering until May, 1902, when he became colleague and successor
to his venerable father at Glen Innes. The Rev. Robert ('ordiner, M.A.,

234 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

was inducted on loth September, 1902, shortly after liis arrival from
Scotland, and is doing good work.

Elders: — Messrs. Robert Young, \\ . ]. Leeson, 1). Nicholson, and
AW K. Watson.

The following ministers have laboured in this parish in connection
with the Presbyterian Church of Eastern Australia : — The Revs. W . Grant,
J. Finlayson, and W. Scott, their residence being at Brushgrove.

TWEED RIVER.

The Tweed parish represents the northern outpost of Presby-
terianism in New South A\^ales. It embraces the territor)- watered by
the Tweed River. 'I'he district is most picturesque, presenting a
charming combination cjf river and moimtain scenery. The land is
very rich, and although the expense of clearing the heavy timber and
thick bush is considerable, the task is readily undertaken by the
selector in view of the wonderful fertility. On the lower portions of the
river sugar cane is grown, and in the higher dairying is carried on, these,,
with corn growing, forming the staple industries of the district.

In the year 1884 the parish of the Tweed River was formed, and
the Rev. J. A. R. Brotchie, M.A., inducted as first minister, in July, 1884.
For seventeen years Mr. Brotchie laboured faithfully in this parish,
encountering many difficulties and perils l)y land and river, and winning
the affection of people of all denominations. Feeling the strain of
incessant work in a very enervating climate, he resigned in igoi. In
the year 1902 the Rev. J. Beith Wilson, B.A., was called and inducted.
Under the ministry of Mr. Wilson considerable progress has been made,,
and a comfortable manse has been built and i)aid for. There are
church buildings at Murwillumbah and Tumbulgum, and the parish
is free of all debt. Sunday services are held at Murwillumbah,
Tumbulgum, Tweed Heads, ("udgen. North Arm, Condong, I'Aiengella,.
and Ijyangum. At Uki, Longreach, Dungigle, 15ean Tree Crossing,
and Duranbah occasional week night services are held. At Cudgen a
service is held monthly amongst the South Sea Islanders — in a church
erected by themselves -fifty of whom are on our communicants' roll.
Religious instruction is given b)- the minister in most of the public
schools of the district. 'I'here are three .Sabbath schools and c)ne
mission school in the parish.

IClders: — 'l"he .Session consists of si.\ elders, three of whom
were ordained in 1903, a\\([ are as follows: Messrs. Thomas Campbell,
A. Wess (<lerl<), J. C. I'roudfoot, W. C^. Smiles, A. C. Breillat, and
W. |. .M.Calluni.

rRESnVTERY OF 77//': C/.A/<ENCE 235

WOODliL'RN.

l''()iiiH'(l ill 1HS3, the Rev. Alexander I )an(liL- l)cing tlie first minister.
The preaching centres, in addition to Woodburn, are Wyrallah^
Codrington, and Broadwater. The Rev. J. S. .Scott was settled in 1887,.
being translated to Maclean in [890. There is a large church building
at A\'oodburn, luilt in 1889, and a good manse. The late Mrs. John
Lang be(]ueathed ^120 for the church organ. There are three
Sabl)ath scliools. The Rev. J. Strang did a si)lendi<l work as minister
of this parish from 1893 to 1902, when having, by great energy and
tact, worked up an excellent congregation at Casino, he recommended
the Presl)\ter\- to divide the parish, which was d(jne, Mr. Strang settling
at Casino. 'i"he Rev. Ceorge Chalmers, B.A., succeeded Mr. Strang at
\\'oodburn, and did well, until after a short ministry of two years he
resigned for health reasons. The Rev. J. A. R. Perkins, B.A., was.
translated from Liverpool in July, 1905, and is the present pastor.

.\t first the parish had as centres Woodburn, Broadwater, W'ardell^
IMimlico, Coraki, and Codrington. Wardell and Plimlico afterwards
N\ere joined to Ballina. Later, when Casino became the centre of a
new parish, Coraki and Codrington were given to Casino, and AV'yrallah
connected with W'oodburn. There are churches at Coraki and
Wyrallah.

fj.DKRs who have served the parish: — ^Messrs. James Lang, James-
McLaren, James Wyness, John Lang, and John Thomas ; 1905 — •
Messrs. A. McPherson and J. C. McKenzie.

PRESBYTERY OF GOULBURN.

BRAID WOOD.

The early records of this parish are very faulty, so that we do not
know when services were first held. About 1845 we read of the Rev.
C. Eipper labouring there, before he went to the Paterson. After that,
the Rev. ^Villiam Ross, M.A., of Goulburn, visited Braidwood regularly
for some years, conducting services and visiting the people. In 1854
the Rev. Wm. Purves, M.A. — who had gone to Scotland to bring out
ministers to meet the spiritual needs of the crowds who had followed
the discovery of gold in Australia — induced the Rev. Alexander S.
Pennycook (born in 1817, in Edinburgh, and educated at that
University), to come out to New South \\'ales as Chaplain of the
Southern Goldfields. He was located at Braidwood, and supplied
religious ordinances to that district and Araluen — which had then
20,000 inhabitants — for some years. At Braidwood he used to preach in
the court-house, until the church (brick) was built about the year 1861.
The first minister settled in Ikaidwood after the Union was the
Rev. John Johnstone, who was j)astor from December, 1865, till May,
1867. He was succeeded by the Rev. Henry Macready in 1868, who
•continued till 1872. The Rev. S. F. Mackenzie, M.A., was pastor from
1875 till 1894. During his pastorate a large manse and glebe of 60 acres
were purchased. After him the Rev. T. "W. Smythe was minister for two
years, from 1895 to 1897. He was followed by the Rev. Charles Oane,
B.A., from November, 1899, till 1900. Since the translation of Mr. Oane
to Taralga the i)arish was sup])lied by Mr. AVm. Dobbie, until April, 1905.
Mr. R. H CJarner is now in charge.

'l"he (Hit-stations are Major's Creek, Charleyong, Deua junction,
Jembaicumbene, Little River, Gingamona, Back Creek, Monga,
Nerriga, .\raluc-n, and Upper .\raluen. TiuTe are churches at
F^ittle River (seating 100 and recently rLiiovated) : at Deua junction ;
*uid at Major's ("reek (seating 100).

PRESBYTERY OF GOULBURN 257

Im.dkks : — Past: Messrs. Kindlay McRac, James Aldcorn, S.M.,
Arehihald McNaught, George Ross, senr., George Ross, Roderick
McDonald, Jf)hn Wallace, John Fraser, James Thompson Steely
Alexander McRae, antl ('harles TuUoch. Present: Messrs. James.
McDonald, William Cari^ill, and |. I!, ("aruill.

GOULBURN.

Presbyterian services were started in Goulburn by the Rev. William
Hamilton in the year 1837. In 1845 Mr. Hamilton resigned, travelled
with his family to \'ictoria, and obtained a settlement there. The Rev.
William Ross, M.A., succeeded Mr. Hamilton in 1846, and died in
1869, during his tenure of the ofifice of Moderator of the General
Assembly. Mr. Ross's parish included the present parishes of Jiraidwood,.
Queanbeyan, part of Cooma jjarish, V'ass, and be)ond. He was a great
traveller, and was very highly respected by all classes and denomina-
tions. He was followed by the Rev. S. F. Mackenzie, M.A., who.
ministered for five years. After him, in 1876, the congregation called
the Rev. A. M. Tait, who for twent\ years discharged the duties of the
pastorate with faithfulness, until failing health compelled him to retire-
Mr. Tait died on 5th November, 1902. The Rev. G. D. FJuchanan, after
a brief ministry of one year, was declared no longer a minister of the
Church. The present minister is the Rev. Alexander M. Gauld, translated
from Orange to Goulburn in August, 1901, under whom the parish is
prospering greatly. In addition to f)rdinary parish work, Mr. Gauld
discharges the duties of Presbyterian Chaplain to the Gaol and the
Hospital for the Insane.

There is a substantial brick church, named St. Andrew's, an
excellent manse, and ample school accommodation. The out-stations,
in which stated services are held are Tarlo and Marulan, and at both
places we have good stone churches.

In the year 1886 a second congregation was started in Goulburn,.
under the title of "Trinity Church.'' The first minister was the Rev_
David Allen, who was inducted in the same year, and translated
to Denilicjuin in 1889. He was succeeded by the Rev. F>ancis
Slade, late minister of Silverton, London, who was inducted on
1 8th June, 1890, but resigned in August, 1891. The Re\". Joseph
Fulton — ^just arrived from the North of Ireland — took charge in
January, 1892, and was inducted in September of that year, resigning in
August, 1895, o^ accepting the position of Assistant to the Rev. Dr.
Gilchrist at Paddington. In 1897 Trinity was amalgamated with
St. Andrews.

038 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Elders : — The following have served in the l^ldership, the dates
being those of their ordination: — Messrs. Andrew TurnbuU and David
L. Waugh (1838), Robert \\'augh (1841), James Johnson and Alexander
McDonald (i860), John McCallum, Josiah Edwards, James l-'arciuhar,
H. S. Clarke (1876), F. M. Charteris, James Simons, John Cochrane,
Henry Hunter, Herbert Charles (1880), Adam Forsyth, John J. Grant,
Daniel Edwards (1897), Edward C. Bryden, J. Imlay Forsyth, John
Miles, and W. G. Donald (1900).

QUEANBEYAN AND GUNDAROO.

In the early days occasional services w'ere supplied by the
ministers of Goulburn and Braidwood, in addition to such
as could be given by ministers of the Church of England and of the
Wesleyan Church. In 1855 the Affleck family arrived in the Gundaroo
district, and through their influence a movement was started for securing
more frequent services for the Presbyterian Church. About the year
t86o the Synod of New South AVales sent up the Rev. William F. Reid,
son of the Rev. John Reid, and he occupied the field for several
years. The original place of meeting in Gundaroo was of a very
primitive description, but about 1865 the present church was opened,
though Mr. Reid had left before the opening took place. Mr. Reid was
succeeded by the Rev. James Martin, who demitted his charge in 1867.
The Rev. William Mackenzie, M.A., followed, and supplied for a year.
The Gundaroo church was the first built in the Queanbeyan district.
It was followed by churches at Canberra, Bungendore, and Queanbeyan.
There is at Queanbeyan a substantial and attractive-looking church and
a commodious manse. After the departure of Mr. Martin the district was
without a settled minister for some two years, being supplied by catechists.
In 1875 the Rev. G. L. Nairn was inducted. He was followed in 1881
by the Rev. R. A. Steel, M.A., who for the |)eriod of seventeen years
laboured with much self-denying zeal until translated to Campbelltown.
During Mr. Steel's pastorate the handsome manse was built and paid for.
Most of the old families — the Mortons, McDonalds, and Maclvellars —
are gone, several of the McKeahnie family are in parts of the district,
and of the Affleck family only Mr. John Affleck now remains in
the i)arish. Mr. William Affleck, ex-M.L.A., though now residing
at Strathfield, continues to take a lively interest in tlie spiritual welfare
of the parish. Mr. J. 10. Moffatt, an agent of the Home Mission
Committee, laboured for a limt; in the district, followed b}' the Rev.
W. Michael .Smith, M.A., for three years. A call lias just been given
(October, 1905) to the Rev. E. S. Henderson.

PRESBYTERY OF GOULJWRN 239

I">i,i)KR.s: — Messrs. Arthur Afncck unci Charles McRcuhnic were
the first elders we know of, and both are deceased. Mr. Charles Ro.ss
was also an elder. In 1889 Me.ssrs. William Affleck (for years M.L. A.
for Yass) and Mr. Robert Kilby were ordained, and are still in office.
Mr. Arthur Affleck was Assembly Elder every year until his death, when
his son was elected in his place and is well known in the Church Courts.

TAkAIXiA.

Before any minister was settled in 'I'aralga, occasional visits were
l)aid to it, from the year 1845, by the Rev. ^^'^illiam Hamilton, of
(ioulburn, who, in 1848, was followed by the Rev. William Ross, M.A.,
services being held at Harapool, the residence of the late Mr. Ross, elder.
'Jlie Rev. Adam Gordon was the first minister settled in Taralga, his
induction taking place in 1866. He was followed by the Rev. J. H.
Archibald, who was minister from 1875 till 1877. The Rev. Theodore
Osborne was inducted in 1878 and demitted in 1883. The Rev.
James Gray followed in 1884, and remained till 1894, being greatly
esteemed. The Rev. Robert Inglis, M.A., was in charge of the parish
from 1894 till 1899, and did excellent work. The Rev. Charles Crane,
B.A., was inducted in February, 1900, and is still the esteemed pastor.

The church is a substantial building of rubble stones, and seated
for about one hundred and fifty. There is a manse, but no glebe and
no school-hall. The out-stations are Crookwell, Gullen, Laggan,
(._^hatsbury, Yalbraith, at each of which, except Gullen, we have church
{)roperty. The parish is large, but is well organised and vigorously and
successfully worked by Mr. Crane. (Crookwell is becoming a very
important centre, and, by-and-bye, will have to be the centre of a
separate parish.

The first Elders were Messrs. 1 )()nald Ross and John (/ameron ;
then John Cameron, jun., John Mowatt, William Keith, John L.
McKenzie, and Charles Ross.

YASS.
Yass, which came into existence as a separate charge after the
Union in 1865, was in its early days faithfully ministered to by the
Rev. W. Ritchie until his death. His widow, son and daughter-in-law
also did much to advance the cause of Christ and our Church at
Yass. The Rev. John Gibson, the first minister inducted here, remained
from 1866 till 1874. After hiui the Rev. William Gardner held the

240 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

pastorate from November, 1874, till February, 1875. 1'"'^ R^v. Robert
Jackson, M.A., was settled in 1880, and remained till 1884, when he was.
followed by the Rev. S. T. Dickinson, inducted in 1885, and translated
to Gladesville in 1890. The Rev. Daniel Jackson was inducted in 1891.
Failing health constrained him to retire after a ten years' ministry, and
the Rev. James Barr (called from Queensland), was inducted in
November, 1902, and has just (August, 1905) been translated to
Hobart, Tasmania.

There is a venerable brick church, capable of seating two hundred,
and a beautifully-situated manse, with thirty-seven acres attached. There
is no school hall. A new church is needed, and is now about to be
erected, at a cost of ^950, ^464 having been raised for that purpose
by the Commissioner of Assembly through the Centenary Fund. The
contract has just been let for the building (October, 1905).

The out-stations are Murrumbateman, Blackburn, Bookham,.
Wargeila, Bango, and Bowning.

Elders since formation of parish: — Messrs. Matthew Armour,
Hugh Vallance, A\'illiam McBean, George Mair, A. \\\ Thomson,
C. H. Thomson, Alexander Armour, Alexander McBean, George Weir,,
and Andrew Macintosh.

VARIOUS PRESBYTERIES

# ^j Presbytery OF THE HASTINGS \^

MINISTERIAL MEMBERS, 1904

Plate 71

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

MINISTERS NOT IN CHARGE OF PARISHES, AUGUST 1905

PRESBYTERY OF THE HASTINGS.

The Presbytery of the Hastings was erected Ijy the General Assembly
on loth March, 1894. Before this date the ministers of the Macleay,
Hastings, and Manning Rivers were not satisfied with their presbyterial
position, inasmuch as they found it to be almost impossible for them to
attend their respective presbyteries — the Clarence and the Hunter.
The Upper and Lower Manning Sessions thereupon agreed to petition
the General Assemtjly that they should be disjoined from tlie Hunter
and joined to the Sydney Presbytery. Almost simultaneously, the
Kempsey (Macleay) and Port Macquarie (Hastings) Sessions were
asking to be disjoined from the Clarence. This state of matters being
discovered, it was resolved to withdraw the first petitions and send in a
new one asking for the erection of a new presbytery, to consist of the
charges of Kempsey, Port Macquarie, Lower Manning, and Upper
Manning. To these have now been added the two new mission stations
— Nambucca on the north, and Gloucester and Barrington on the south.
The original members of presbytery were: — The Revs. Charles Crane,
]3.A. (moderator), James H. Terras (clerk), Hugh S. Buntine, and
John Taylor.

BARRINGTON AND GLOUCESTER.
The Gloucester River formed originally part of the Dungog charge,
but it was found impossible to work it from that centre, and occasional
services were supplied until better provision could be made. Eor some
years the Rev. J. H. Terras has visited Gloucester and neighbourhood,
and supplied services, from W'ingham. A syndicate having been formed
about the year 1893 for the [)urchase of the Australian Agricultural
Company's land in and for miles around Gloucester, the attention of the
Home Mission Committee was drawn to the district. They received
the gift of a site for a cluirch in the prt)jected township of Stratford, and
bought another in Gloucester, towards which ^1^25 was given by the
syndicate, and steps were taken to have a minister settled. The
Gloucester people were desirous of having a minister resident among
them, but it was necessary that the farmers on the Barrington River —
who are mostly Presbyterians — should work with them to maintain him.
p

242 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

The older people there were of the Free Church and averse to the
Union, but the younger people were willing to join in the effort to
get a minister on the Gloucester and Barrington Ri\ers. Air. and Mrs.
John Higgins offered to supply accommodation for the minister. Mr.
Thomas Laurie offered a site for a church. Mr. A. T. Laurie engaged
to provide a horse for the minister, and several of the young people
expressed their willingness to act as collectors for the Sustentation Fund.
At length, it was arranged that the new parish should include the
Gloucester, Barrington, Rawdon, Bowman, and Little Manning Rivers
— the preaching places being Rawdon Vale, Maudville, Berrico,
Copeland, Barrington, Bowman and Gloucester. The jiarish is about 36
miles in length. There are eight Sabbath schools now organised, so that
every child is within easy access of a school. Eight ]:)ub!ic schools are
also regularly visited by our minister. The Rev. Donald Ross, sent by the
Home Mission Committee, began work in the new parish on Sabbath,
January ist, i()04, by conducting service in the house of a namesake,
Mr. Donald Ross. Mr. Ross — who can preach in Gaelic — received a
cordial welcome from the people, and his impression is that the new
parish will prove a satisfactory and promising field of labour. The
North Coast Railwav will in a {t\\ years be running through the Estate,
and the little town of (iloucester, which will be the head(|uarters of this
charge, will eventually be a place of importance.

KEMPSEY.

Originated in 1883, as the result of a visit from the Rev. J. M. Ross.
Services had been held for years before that, but the first minister settled
was the Rev. Matthew Bell, ordained and inducted in 1884, and
three years after translated to Urana. The Rev. John Taylor,
formerly of Eskbank, succeeded him in June, 1888, and still continues
minister. There is at Kempsey a beautiful brick church, seated
for two hundred and fift}', and a good brick manse, also a commodious
wooden schoolroom, erected in 1901.

At Frederickton and at Stony Creek there are comfortable wooden
churches, and church sites are available at West Kempsey and
Gladstone. Services are conducted at Kempsey every Sabbath evening,
and on alternate Sabbath mornings, and at other times at I'Vederickton,
Rola Creek, Clybucca, and .Stony Creek. The ])arish and Sunday
schools are in a flourishing condition.

'I'he first IClders were elected in October, 188S, viz. : — Messrs.
Cieorge Henderson, Adam J(jhnston (died September, 1905), and James
Williams. \w 1894 Mr. Johnston was transferred to Port Macquarie.
Mr. Henderson died in 1898. In 1903 the lollowing elders were

PRESBYTERY OE 2TIE J LISTINGS 243

ordained: — Messrs. John Hryson, jamcs CampbL-ll, and James L. (irant.
The parish belonged lo the Presbytery of the Clarence until the
Presbytery of the Hastings was formed.

THE MANNING R1\I:R.
At the time of the Union in 1865 the Rev. \Mlliam Dron was
labouring on the Manning River as an ordained missionary, in
connection with the General Synod of the Presbyterian Church in New
South Wales; but shortl\ tlureafler he left for Dublin. The Rev. Dr.
Grant, of Shoalhaven, paid a \isit to the district and encouraged the
hearts of the people, until, in the following year, the Re\. J. S. Laing
(now Dr. Laing) was translated from Scone and Aberdeen on the
Upper Hunter to the Manning, continuing to work the whole district
till 1874, when he was translated to Muswellbrook. He was
succeeded 1)\ the 1\l\-. John Bannatyne, who came from New Zealand
and was inducted in 1875. It soon became evident that the district was
altogether too large to be worked by one man. It was accordingly
divided into twcj parishes, the Lower Manning and the Upper Manning.

THE LOWER MANNING.

The Rev. J. Bannatyne continued to labour on the Lower Manning
until age and infirmity constrained him to retire, after having earned for
himself a good degree as a faithful and much esteemed minister. He
still survives and extends what help he can. In 1890 Mr. Bannatyne
was succeeded by the Rev. Charles Crane, B.A. Mr. Crane demitted in
1896, and was succeeded in December, 1897, by the Rev. ^\'illiam Tassie,
tlie present minister. The property consists of a substantial brick church
and comfortable manse in Taree, both built during the pastorate of
Dr. Laing. There are weatherboard churrhes at Cundletown and
Harrington, and a site has been secured at Coopernook. The ])arish
is well organised and in a prosperous condition.

Preaching Stations: — Tinonee, Taree, Cundletown, Oxley Island,
Jones Island, Coopernook, Harrington, Moorland, and Fail ford.

Eldei^s: — First Session: Ordained 1867 — Messrs. John Cameroii
(died 1874), Joseph Robinson (Upper Manning), and Samuel Gibson
(resigned 1871); 1868 — Thomas Gibson (Upper Manning), George
^Veatherley (resigned 1875), J^'^it^^ Campbell (died 1879); 1873 —
Andrew Dorward (died 1904); 1876 — Duncan Cameron (resigned 1904)
and Robert Symes (resigned 1886). Session at division of charge, in
1883: Messrs. Andrew Dorward and R. Symes; 1888 1 >. Mc Jionald
(resigned 1897), R. Churchill (resigned 1889), and L. A. .\k-I )ougall;
1902 — W. Armstrong, W. Thomson, and J. C. Dorward.

244 HISTORIC SKETCHES OE PARISHES

THE UPPER MANNING.

The movement for the erection of the Upper Manning into a
separate charge received an impulse from a visit of the Rev. J. M. Ross.
There were good people on the Upper Manning waiting and praying for
a minister, as the aged Simeon waited for the consolation of Israel.
Among them was Mr. Thomas Gibson, a devout man and prominent
among them in his desire to obtain the blessing of more frequent
services. A\"ith tears in his eyes he entreated Mr. Ross to send a minister
to them. In reply to this pathetic appeal, within a week a minister was
sent, the Rev. David Allan, the first settled on the Upper Manning.
Mr. Gibson had the satisfaction of taking part in Mr. Allan's first service
at Ashlea, on 26th August, 1883 ; but, sad to tell, both he and his wife
were killed through a buggy accident on their way home from the
service. Mr. Gibson's descendants form a goodly company, and they
worthily sustain the reputation of the family for piety and Christian worth.

During Mr. Allan's pastorate of two years (1883-1885) a neat brick
manse was built. The Rev. W. Anson Smith was in May, 1 886, inducted as
Mr. Allan's successor. During his pastorate a plank church was erected
at Kimbriki. For many years the late Mr. Joseph Andrews conducted
services regularly at ^^'oodside. Mr. Andrews had taken theological
classes in the Old Country, but came out here as a schoolmaster, at Dr.
Lang's suggestion.

In January, 1 892, the Rev. J. H. Terras, who had been translated from
Tumberumba to Greta, was translated from Greta to the Upper Manning.
The stamp of people may be judged from one amusing incident in
his reception. He was taken as a candidate to preach at Woodside.
Mr. R. Andrews, Maryville, who was aged and deaf, was present. Mi'.
Terras preached as loudly as he thought prudent, and as the people
retired, he said to Mr. Andrews, " I hope you heard me." " Never
heard a word," was the blunt response. " Oh ! I'm sorry for that."
"Ye needna be sorry ; if I had heard you, I mightn't ha' liked you!"
Since the settlement of Mr. Terras sul)stantial and neat weather-board
churches have been built at Wingham and Krambach, and the manse debt
has been cleared off The manse has been enlarged and the necessary
outbuildings added. There is a church at Ashlea, and a Union church
at Woodside. The centre of the parish is at \\'ingham, and there are,,
besides, eighteen preaching centres, some at a distance of from sixty
to seventy miles. Verily, Mr. Terras has ample sco])e for his energies.

Till-, l*Ri:.\( iiiNc, Ckntres are: — \Vingham, AsiiKa, Woodside,
Kimbriki, Krambach, Cucuml);irk, Kilhiwarra, lio IJo, liohin, Killabakh
Creek, Cedar Party Creek, Whcrral Mat, Glen Lewis, Callaghan's.
Creek, Kauthi, Giro, Nowendoc, Cooplacurripa, and No. i.

PRESBYTERY OF THE HASTINGS 245

Pkopkriiks: — \\'ingh;mi : About half an acre in Fanjuhar Street,
])iircha.sed from Govern men i in 1S94: on this the church is built.
About three acres in Woodside Road, presented by the late Mr. Robert
Andrews, Maryville ; on this is the manse. Ashlea : An acre of land,
presented by Mr. James McPher.son ; on this is the church. Kimbriki :
An acre, presented by Mr. Alexander Beattie ; on this is the church.
Krambach : An a(Te on North ("oast Road, presented by Mr. Thomas
Paterson ; on this is the church. Hobin : An acre, bought from
Government in 1903; on this the church will ])r()bal)ly l)e built this
year. No debt on the jiroperties.

Folders: — U'hcn the Manning was divided, in .August, 1883, the
ciders on the upper part of the river were : — Mr. Thomas Gibson, senr.,
who died as mentioned in the report; Mr. George Robinson, senr., who
died in 1885 ; and Mr. Duncan Cameron, who still survives and works
in the congregation, although he resigned office in 1891, he then
residing on the Lower Manning. In 1887 Messrs. George McDonald
(left the district the following year), Thomas Broomfield (resigned 1891,
but is still an earnest member of the congregation), and William Gibson,
were ordained. Tn 1892 Mr. George Robertson was ordained, but he
died in 1904. The present session is a grand one; the members,
though not rich, are true as steel. 'J'hey are six in number,
and may be divided into two bands : three ripe in vears and
experience — Messrs. William Gibson (ordained 1887), Archibald
Gibson (ordained 1892), and Robert Broomfield (ordained 1895);
and three younger but devoted men, who were ordained in 1902 — -
Messrs. David Bell, George Andrews, and John Davy.

NAMBUCCA.

The Presbyterians on this river, who had hitherto been in
connection with the Synod of Eastern Australia, were admitted in July,
1900, with their minister, the Rev. \\ . H. Marshall, into the Presljvterian
C^hurch of New South Wales. Mr. Marshall resigned soon afterwards,
and was subsequently settled at Tumut. Since then, the parish has
been supplied by Home Mission Agents. Mr. C. F. McAlpine is
now in charge. There are weather-hoard churches at Macksville,
Nambucca Heads, Bowraville, and Central Taylor's Arm — the last
named having been built recently. Services are also held regularly at
the following preaching centres: — Nambucca Heads, Bowraville, Macks-
ville, Argent's Hill, Simpson's Ridge, Burrapine, Central Taylor's Arm,
Lower Taylor's Arm (Union Hall), Lower Taylor's Arm (Welsh's),
AVarrell Creek, and Deep Creek.

246 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

PORT MACQUARIE.

This is a very old parish, and dates as far back as the year 1840.
In 1 84 1 the church and manse were erected substantially of brick.
The church was built in the old-fashioned style, with box pews and a
high pulpit with canopy. In 1890 it was found that certain repairs
were necessary, and, instead of having these effected, the congregation
had the church pulled down and a new one erected out of the material
of the old. The vestry and the manse remain as originally built. In
the parish there are three other Presbyterian churches (at Huntingdon,
Wauchope and Kendall), in addition to several Union churches. The
Rev. Wm. Purves was the first minister and came to the district in 1840.
He carried on work for about eight years, and was succeeded by the Revs.
Wm. McKee and Edward Holland. The Rev. John Ayling was the
first to be inducted, in 187 1, and demitted the charge in 1873.
Afterwards Mr. Hugh Hossack, catechist, took up the work and
remained until shortly liefore the arrival of the Rev. Robert Davidson from
Scotland. The latter was inducted on 23rd March, 1884, and remained
until 30th June, 1893, when, on account of ill health, he demitted.
He was succeeded by the Rev. H. S. Buntine, who was inducted on 22nd
November, 1893, and remained until August, 1901, when he was
translated to St. Mary's. The i)resent minister, the Rev. G. M.
Torbett, M.A., was inducted on 2nd September, 1903. The preaching
stations are: — Port Macquarie, Upper Plains, Lower Plains, Telegraph
Point, Wauchope, Beechwood, Huntingdon, Ikilli, Ellenborough, Yarras,
Comboyne, Lome, Kendall, and Laurieton.

No organs are used or hymns sung at Huntingdon and Beechwood,
a precentor raising the tunes. The singing is most heart}- and good.
These congregations sit to sing and stand to pray as in the old times in
Scotland. In this parish are several l()\al and earnest old Presb\terian
families who stand by old usages and love dearly and serve faithfully
the venerable Church of their fathers. Steps are being taken now to
provide an assistant for the minister, so that the number of services
may be increased.

Ei.DKRS : — >\'e have not been able to get the names of the elders
during the early years, but the present Kirk Sessioti consists of Messrs.
Robert Davidson, M.L.A., ^\'m. Lindsay, anil Adam Johnston.

PRESBYTERY OF THE HAWKESBURY.

BLACKHEATH AND MOUNT VICTORIA.

Formed into a parish, with Mount Victoria on the one hand and
Wentworth Falls on the other, in the year 1900. The Rev. H. Stewart
Anderson, M.A., acted as pastor for some time, as an agent of the Home
Mission Committee. In October, 1903, the Rev. Wilfred J. Holt, M.A.,
shortly after license on leaving our Divinity Hall, was inducted as
first settled minister. Considerable progress has been made. The
parish is not without its drawbacks. The question of how best to
provide Presbyterian services for residents on the Blue Mountains has
been found to be one of no small difificulty. For a few months in
summer, large congregations of Sydney visitors can be got at different
points along the railway line, but in winter the congregations are very
small. The present arrangements for working the field partake largely
of a temporary character. Future adjustments and adaptations to
circumstances may be looked for. There is a well-designed church at
Blackheath, and a site for a manse. Regular services are held at
Mount Victoria and Medlow Bath. Leura and Wentworth Falls,
having become a parish separate from Blackheath, called the Rev.
R. A. Redmond, B.A., late of Ireland, who was inducted in February,
1904. The Rev. W. J. Holt, M.A., having been called to St. Mary's,
was inducted into that parish in August, 1905.

Elder : — Mr. Robert Carrick.

CAMPBELLTOWN.
Campbelltown was one of the earliest of our country parishes. In
1837 Presbyterian services were initiated in the Court House by the
Rev. Hugh R. (iilchrist. About 1840 a substantial brick church
was erected, and soon thereafter a school and teacher's residence.
In 1852 Mr. Gilchrist died, greatly mourned. To his memory a
handsome mural monument was placed in the church by his sister. In
1853 the Rev. W'illiam McKee was inducted, and he was succeeded
in 1867 by the Rev. Edward Holland. After his retirement the

248 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

congregation was for a time without the services of a settled minister,
and students of theology, Messrs. Robert Steel, B.A., and R. Jackson,
B.A., and others, conducted services. Encouraged by the bequest of a
farm by the late Mr. Richard Stewart — secured at the suggestion of
the Rev. Robert Steel, M.A., then of Moss Vale — a call was addressed
to the Rev. David Moore, B.A., who ministered with much acceptance
from 1881 to 1897. During the early part of Mr. Moore's pastorate
an admirable brick manse was built, the foundation stone being laid
by Mrs Moore ; a porch was added to the church, and subsequently
beautiful memorial windows were placed in it in memory of the much-
loved departed sons of the minister — Messrs. W. L. Moore, M.A., and
D. C Moore, B.A. In 1897 Mr. Moore attained his jubilee, which was
celebrated amid many gratifying demonstrations of the esteem in which
he was held. Advancing age having suggested the wisdom of retiring
from active service, Mr. Moore applied for leave to have a colleague and
successor, and the Rev. Robert Steel, M.A., the present pastor, was
unanimously chosen, and inducted in July, 1897.

Elders: — It is interesting to note that of the elders who have
held office from time to time, the late Mr. William Graham,
Messrs. Alexander Munro, Lachlan Grant, James King, Joseph
Swann, and Peter Kershler, some were born in the parish in the
forties, received their early education in the Presbyterian denomi-
national school, and won the respect of their fellows. The last
named elder (Mr. Peter Kershler) has with much devotion and almost
unfailing regularity occupied the same seat in the church at services for
nearly fifty years, has repeatedly represented the parish in the General
Assembly, and in his old age is hearty, and devoutly attached to his
Church.

EBENEZER AND PITT TOWN.
The first Presbyterian church in the Hawkesbury district — the first,
indeed, in Australasia, as elsewhere stated —was the church at Portland
Head, called Ebenezer. It wa.s built in 1 SoS antl enlarged in 181 7.
The first ordained minister who officiated in it was Dr. Lang. Mention is
also made of the Revs. Purdie and J. McGarvie as having officiated; but
the first settled minister was the Rev. John ( 'leland, M.A., who died
nth March, 1839. His tomb is in I'Lbenezer churchyard. He was
.succeeded by the Rev. George MacJMe, who arrived with Dr. Lang in the
ship Portland in 1837. After some two years sj)ent in the southern
part of the colony, Mr. Macl-'ic was duly inducted into the parish of
I'orlland Head and IMtt Town, lie continued t(j labour with much zeal

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

MINISTERIAL MEMBERS, 1905

Plate

PRESBYTERY OF THE HAWKESBURY

CHURCHES AND MANSES

Plate 71,

PRESBYTERY 0J< THE ILWVKESBURY 249

and acceptance for many \ear.s. In iSC)7 (occurred what is kiKJwn as the
■" big flood." The Hood went through the manse and caused such
devastation as to render it uninhal)itahle. The flood burst into the
house at a very ino|)[)ortune time the wedding day of one of the
daughters of the manse. 'I'here was time to tie the kn(jt and nothing
more, when the rapidly-rising flood rushed in and swallowed up the
wedding breakfast. Through an attic window the bride and bridegroom
were got out into a boat, and in these romantic circumstances the
young couple were launched on the marc magnum of matrimony. In
this flood, Mr. MaclMe lost all his books — a great loss — and soon
after this, ha\ing now reached an ad\anced age, he retired and
left the district. He died in 1869, and was succeeded b)' the Rev.
David Moore, 15.A., translated from W'indscjr, who laboured faithfully
for fourteen years, when he was called to Campbelltown. After him, the
Rev. Patrick Fitzgerald, as minister of Windsor, worked the district of
Pitt Town and Ebenezer, ; but this arrangement not proving satisfactory,
Mr. Fitzgerald resigned the oversight of Pitt Town, and restricted himself
to A\'ind.sor. In 1883 the Rev. John h'owlie, recently arrived from
Scotland, received a call to Tilt Town ; but, after a stay of two \ears^
from March, 1883, to March, 1885 — he returned to Scotland, and was
succeeded by the Rev. John Ayting, inducted 22nd July, 1885, who
continued minister of the united [)arish till his death in 1897. He was
followed by the Rev. Robert Edgar, inducted 8th September, 1897,
who did faithful work until early in 1905, when he resigned.

During the pastorate of Rev. Cieorge Mac Fie the neat stone
church at Pitt Town was built ; and during Mr. Fowlie's pastorate a
new brick manse was erected. The old manse, with the twent\--seven
acres of excellent land attached, is let as a farm, and another larger farm,
of fifty acres, given by Mr. Wm. Hall, Percy Place, belongs to the
•congregation. From these sources a \er\- helpful supplement to the
minister's income is derived. The congregations are both in a
flourishing condition.

Eldkrs: — Messrs. Andrew Johnston, Thomas Arndell, senr., James
Bligh Johnston, senr., and William Johnston. Present Session : Messrs.
Thomas Arndell, Albert W. Arndell. and Archibald (i. Turnbull.

WIXIXSOR.

After I'>bene/.er, the next church built on the Hawkesbur\- was at
Windsor, in the year 1843, but the charge had been originated seven
years before, viz., in 1836, when services were held in the Court House.
The first minister labouring in the parish was the Rev. Dr. l-"ullerton,

2 50 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

who conducted services also in Richmond. The Rev. Matthew Adam,
a Hcentiate of the Synod of New South ^^'ales, was ordained in 1839
as the minister of ^^'indsor, and preached in the Court House every
Sabbath afternoon until the church was built. He, too, carried on his
ministry in Richmond as well as in AMndsor, and he continued to
labour with much acceptance in the district till his death in 1863,
greatly lamented. We regret that no portrait of Mr. Adam is extant.

Mr. Adam was succeeded by the Rev. David Moore, B.A., and when
he was translated, first to Pitt Town and thereafter to Campbelltown,
he was followed by the Rev. P. Fitzgerald, who retired in 1895, when
he went to live first at Waverley and then in New Zealand, where he
died. In December, 1896, the Rev. C. A. White, B.A., was inducted.
During Mr. Fitzgerald's pastorate a new station was opened at
Riverstone, and a neat church built there. During Mr. ^^'hite's
pastorate the Windsor church was renovated and a church built at
Marsden Park. In August, 1900, Mr. ^Vhite was translated to
\\"ollongong, and in December the Rev. Alexander Dandie was translated
from Tumut to AN'indsor, and is the present minister. During
Mr. Dandie's pastorate a suitable manse has been added to the
pro])erty, the bulk of the purchase money having been contributed
through the Centenary Thanksgiving Fund, Miss Dick giving 200
guineas. The parish is in a healthy ccMidition.

List of Elders from the initiation of the Windsor parish: —
Messrs. Robert Dick, George Robert Cadell, George Walker (all
deceased), Hon. William Walker, M.L.C., Messrs. George Robertson,.
John Montgomery, Robert Cruikshank, \\'illiam Lobb, Henry Saunder-
cock, and A\'illiam John (iibson.

RICHMOND AND RURRAJONG.

In the early days of the c-olony Richmond was worked in
connection with Windsor. The Revs. Dr. l'"ullerton and Matthew Adam
held services in Richmond before the church was erei'ted. In 1845
the church built by the laic George I'owman, M.L.A., at his own
expense, was opened. The Disruption of thr Church of Scotland had
taken place two years |)re\iousl\'. The Colonial Disruption and the
formation of the Synod of luistern Australia did not lake place till
1846. Mr. I iowman's sympathies were with llu' fiic ( 'hunh, and the
church he had built was nu'anl to be a I'rec ('lunch, and he desired
that it should be occu])icd b\ a I'rce Church minister. As the Rev.
Matthew Adam adhered to the Syn<Kl of Australia, in connection with

PRESBYTERY OF THE IFAWKESBURY 251

the Estal)lislu'(l ("huich of Scotland, he dechned to preach in the
church, and coiuiniud tor a miinher of years to hold a service in the
Wesleyan Chapel. Mr. liownian ajjplied to the Synod of Eastern
Australia for a minister to occupy the church, and the Rev. William
Lumsdaine, who had just been licensed, was sent to supply and was
m due time called and inducted as the first minister of Richmond
parish. After a time, Mr. Adam retired and confined his ministrations
to Windsor, in accordance with the wishes of the congregation there.
Mr. Lumsdaine proved an energetic and acceptable minister. A new
station was opened at Castlereagh, which became part of the Richmond
parish. The Anglican church in that district had been shut for
several years, and the people, being left without a pastor, gladly
welcomed the \isit of the Presbyterian minister of Richmond.
Mr. Singk-, a member of the Church of England, gave a site for a
church, the people subscribed, and in due time the church was erected.
Mr. Lum.sdaine was transferred to Sydney in 1855, and subsequently
rejoined the Church of l-aigland, in which he was brought up.

Richmond parish having thus become vacant, a call was addressed
to the Rev. James Cameron, M.A., afterwards D.D., then minister of
Carcoar. The call was accepted and Dr. Cameron was inducted.
Penrith and district was added to the charge, which thus became very
extensive. Occasional services had been held in Penrith and the
foundation of a church laid : but no settled minister had occupied the
field prior to the arrival of Dr. Cameron. As soon as possible the
church was erected. Around Penrith were some half-dozen preaching
stations : — Regentville, Luddenham, Tottenham, St. Mary's, Rope's
Creek and Eastern Creek. In each of these services were held on
week days, and in the three churches service was held every Sunday
by the minister. At St. Mary's the first church was erected on a site
granted by the late Mr. George Hope. It served its purpose for a good
many years, until superseded by the present substantial church on a more
central site. The buildings at Castlereagh have disappeared, having been
submerged and greatly damaged by a big flood which inundated the
district. In the meantime the Bishop IkuI sent an incumbent to the
parish, and the Anglican church was re-opened ; and se\eral families —
attracted by the facilities for settlement in the interior, offered by the
system of free selection before survey, which had just received the
assent of Parliament — having left the district, it was not considered
advisable to re-erect the buildings. The site is still available, and a
sum of money wherewith to build, but a new site will have to be
procured on higher ground, and in a position wlu'ch will suit belter the
present requirements of the district.

252 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

It having become evident that the field occupied by Dr. Cameron
was too large to be satisfactorily worked by one man, it was resolved
to divide the charge. Dr. Cameron chose the Richmond end of the
district, while Penrith and the stations beyond were constituted a
separate parish.

After the separation of Penrith from Richmond services continued
to be supplied for a time to the Castlereagh district. Occasional
services began to be held on the Kurrajong Heights, and by and bye
the idea of getting a church erected began to be entertained. In these
days, while there was as yet no access to the Mountains by railway, the
Kurrajong was a favourite resort in summer for visitors from Sydney
and elsewliere.

Instead of building a church merely, the idea was propounded of
building a Clerical Sanatorium, to which ministers desiring change of
air might resort with their families, the condition being that they should
conduct service while resident on the Heights. A prospectus was
prepared of what was designated, " St. Luke's Clerical Sanatorium,"
and a suitable plan was obtained, which, while providing accommodation
for a family, would contain a room large enough to serve as a dining room
during the week, and a place for services on Sundays. But as the idea
of a sanatorium did not meet with much encouragement from those for
whose benefit it was specially intended, the committee determined to
expend the money collected in the building of a church. Thus, the
pretty Httle stone church on Kurrajong Heights came into existence, to
which a room for Sunday school purposes was subsequently added. In
the early days, the use of the church was freely given for an Episcopal
service to alternate with the Presbyterian, and the arrangement worked
well until the Episcopalians erected a small church of their own.

In s[)eaking of the church and school on Kurrajong Heights, we
must not omit to mention the interest and lit)erality extended to them
by the late Hon. James Comrie, J. P., of Northfield (a meml)er of
Council before representative government), and liis late esteemed wife.
The influence emanating from Northfield through a long i)eriod of
years contributed largely to the elevation of the moral and spiritual
condition of the whole district.

'I he church in Richmond wears a different aspect now from what
it originally did. With its handsome tower, clock, bell, and graceful
schoolroom, all embowered in foliage and flowers, it forms an ornament
to the town. The manse stands in two acres of ground at some
distance from the church. In addition to the church in Richmond,
and that in the Kurrajong Heights, there is a neat brick church at Yarra
Mundi, erected by Dr. Cameron at his own expense, in which a
forlniglilly service is held.

PRESBYTERY OF THE HAWKESJWRY 253

Dr. Cameron has been minister since 1856. He has, however,
been absent on two occasions and for two years each time, while
travelling with his family in Europe and America. The Rev. James
Kinghorn, of Bathurst, was first Dr. (Cameron's assistant and
afterwards his colleague. The Rev. J. J. !•'. I-. Fergusson, M.A.,
succeeded him as colleague and successor. Mr. Fergusson died in 1903,
and a call was given to the Rev J. T. Main, M.A., who was at the
time Moderator of the State General Assembly. Mr. Main was
inducted in February, 1904, and six weeks thereafter died very suddenly.
A call was then given to the Rev. (i. A. Gordon, B.A., of Bowral, who
was inducted in July, 1904, and is now the esteemed junior minister.

Elders, from formation of parish: — Messrs. George Bowman,
M.E.A., George Douglas, Edmund Witney, William Lamrock, William
Mitchell, Henry J. Klein, and Richard Skuthorp.

P.S. — On Sunday, 8th October, 1905, after a short illness of
four days. Dr. Cameron died at his home in Richmond, in his 80th
year, very deeply and tenderly mourned throughout the Church
in New South Wales and Australia. His wide scholarship, untiring
zeal for the Church, brotherly spirit, wisdom in council, length of
service, kindly nature, and youthful affections, won for Dr. Cameron a
unique position in the Church of Australia, and his death, just as the
History of the Presbyteriati Chiinh in New South Wales, which he had
written, was nearing completion, is lamented by all.

PENRITH AND SPRINGWOOD.

The Rev. J. S. Laing (now Dr. Laing), who arrived in i860, received
a unanimous call to the new charge, and continued minister of Penrith
until translated to Aberdeen and Scone.

After Dr. Laing, service was maintained for some years by the aid
of catechists Two men began their career in this district who
afterwards rose to eminence in the Church — the one Archibald
Gilchrist, afterwards the Rev. Dr. Gilchrist, the other Roger McKinnon,
the late esteemed minister of St. Peter's, North Sydney. The Rev-
William Thom, M.A. — sent out by Dr. Cameron during his first visit to
Scotland, and whom he afterwards married to Miss Parkes, eldest
daughter of the late Hon. Sir Henry Parkes — sup[)licd services for a
time. After this a number of ministers were settled in succession — the
Revs. Thos. Craig (inducted 1870, demitted 1871), Henry Macready
(inducted 1872, translated to .Sydney 1873), James Niven (inducted
1874, demitted 1876), James Adam, M.A. (inducted 1877, demitted
1881), T. E. Clouston, B..\. (inducted 1881, translated to Glebe,

2 54 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Sydney, 1891), and John Ogilvie, MA. (inducted 1891, demitted
1893). When Mr. Ogilvie resigned and left the colony for Scotland
owing to ill-health, the parish was divided; and Penrith in 1S93
called the Rev. James McKee, while St. Mary's and Ruperiswood
called the Rev. Alex. Smith. During Mr. Smith's ministry the Ruperts-
wood church was built, and a house left by Mr. Kennedy became
the manse, and the district was brought into good working order.
The i)arish was further strengthened financially by a legacy of
^1,000 bequeathed by Mr. Kennedy. Penrith, though much
weakened by the separation of St. Mary's, has found strength in
another quarter. The late Hon. John Frazer, M.L.C. — a generous and
staunch Presbyterian — left by his will an admirable site for a church at
Springwood on the Blue Mountains, and ^500 to aid in the erection
of a church. Steps were forthwith taken to have a Memorial Church
■erected, but the departure of Mrs. Frazer and family for Britain, and
other circumstances, rendered it necessary to suspend operations, until
the way should become clearer. The Rev. J. McKee having learned the
state of matters, and finding that he could supply an afternoon service,
made application to the trustees to have the site conveyed and the
money for the building paid over. This was done, and, with the
additional subscriptions obtained by Mr. McKee, the church was built
and opened for service. Had Mrs. Frazer been in the colony
everything would have been done to make the building accord with her
idea; but, since her return and at her own expense the church has
been so improved as to render it one of the prettiest churches in the
State, and worthy of its object as a Memorial Church. Great credit is due
to Mr. McKee for his zealous labours in connection with this matter.

Although Penrith is not one of the largest of our jmrishes, yet to
it belongs the special honour of having su[)plied a larger number of
men to fill the Chair of our General Assembly than any other
•congregation. No less than seven men, settled in it, or connected
with it, have occupied the position of Moderator.

I'Li.uKR.s: —First Session: Messrs. John Heron, Donald Morgan,
and John Shand. Later: Messrs. Robert McCook, Robert Hamilton,
ICneas McKaughan, Francis Elliot, Patrick Smith, A. Vj. Baker, A.
Buckland, W. Bell, and A. Sutherland.

ST. MARY'S AND RUPFRISWOOD.
'i'his parish was formed by disjunction from Peniilh in nSy^, the
Rev. Alexander Smith being inducted as first minister in August of
that year. The first Session consisted of Messrs. Robert McCook, \Vm.

PRESBYTERY OF T/fE IfAWKESBURY 255

Holmes, and Robert Hamilton. Services were first held at St. Mary's,
Mount Druitt, and Rooty Hill. Subseciuently tlie Rupertswood church
was built, and the title of the parish altered to St. Mary's and
Rupertswood. The preaciiing centres since then have been St. Mary's,
Rupertswood, I'lumpton, and Rooty Hill. Rupertswood church cost from
^550 to ;^6oo, the whole of the money — except ;^ioo raised in 1898 by
the congregation — being donated by the late Mr. Robert Kennedy.
Mr. Kennedy also gave a cottage at Mount Druitt, with three acres of
land, for a manse and glebe. The minister went to live there in April,
1896; and ;^i8o has since been spent in enlarging and improving the
manse. At his death, the late Mr. Robert Kennedy furthe shewed
his deep interest in the parish by becjueathing ^1,000 to Rupertswood
church, which sum is invested by the Treasurership Committee of the
Presbyterian Church in New vSouth Wales, and yields about ^40 a year
for the parish. In April, 1901, the Rev. Alex. Smith accepted a call to
East Maitland, and in the August following, the Rev. Hugh S. Buntine
was inducted, remaining until March, 1905, when he was translated to
Armidale. In August, 1905, the Rev. Wilfred J. Holt, M.A., of
Blackheath, was inducted by the Presbytery of the Hawkesbury. The
value of the churches at St. Mary's and Ru[)ertswood, along with the
land and manse at Mount Druitt, is about _;^i,5oo.

Elders : — Past and present : Messrs. Robert McCook, \\'illiam
Holmes, and Robert Hamilton ; (1897) James Angus, Hugh Reid,
M. Murray (resigned), L. Henry, W. Thompson; (1898) the Rev.
William Bradley (deceased), Messrs. Kenneth Campbell, W. Hamilton
(resigned).

GRANVILLE AND GUILDFORD.

Services were commenced in Granville in 1884 by Mr. Meek, a
catechist sent by the Church Extension Committee. The interest
manifested in the services gave good promise of success, and a
deputation from the Church Extension Committee having met with
the congregation, a provisional committee, consisting of Messrs. Ritchie,
Houison, Smith, Burnet, Davidson, Longmuir and Eadie, was ap[)ointed
to manage the affairs of the parish until it should be in a position
to have a minister ordained over it.

In August, 1886, the Rev. Robert Jackson, M.A., was inducted as
first minister. During that year a school-church of brick with stone
facings was erected, seated for 300 persons, but saddled with a very
heavy debt. No manse has been built as yet.

In the year 1894 a service was started at (juildford by Mr.
Jackson, and is at present in a thriving condition. By the liberality of the

256 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

late Mr. (ieorge AlcCredie. J.P , a building has been provided for the use
of the congregation, until such time as they were in a position to erect a
church for themselves. A church of chaste design, and built of brick
and stone, is in course of erection. Sabbath schools are in vigorous
operation at both places — at Granville under the superintendence
of Mr. J. B. Brown, and at Guildford under the superintendence of
Mr. Alexander George. Mr. Jackson deniitted in September, 1901.
The Rev. Hugh Wilson was inducted in September, 1903, and is the
present minister.

The Elders appointed at formation of the parish were : — Messrs.
fames B. Brown, Merrylands; James Davidson, Granville; and George
McCredie (deceased), Guildford. The list of elders to-day is: — Messrs.
Alexander George, Guildford (ordained 1889); James B. Brown,
Merrylands, session clerk (1891); James Davidson, Granville (1891);
John McFarlane, Guildford (1903); George Murray, Harris Park (1903);
Allan Rait, Granville (1903); and Arch. F. Patten, Granville (1903).

LEURA AND WENTWORTH FALLS.

Services connected with the above church were inaugurated by the
Rev. John Auld, M.A., of Ashfield, in December, 1897, in a small
building on the north side of the line, next door to the post office,
the first seats consisting of i)lanks laid on boxes and covered with
chaff bags

The Rev. H. Stewart Anderson, M.A., was appointed in March, 1898,
and in April the first committee of management were elected, consisting
of Messrs. W. Johnstone, A J. Craig, S. S. Milgate, J. Monk, W. C
Grantham, R. Fryer, and Captain R. Craig. At tliis time it was decided
to purchase a site for a church, and an offer made l)y Mr. Milgate of a
site in Grose Street for half its value. 'I'his was accepted, and the land
was conveyed to trustees.

The next step of importance occurred in the year 1901 — the church
then being under the charge of Mr. J. Keith Millar — when the
allotment in Grose Street was sold, a site in a more central position
on Laura Mall purchased, and it was decided to erect a church.
A loan of /150 was obtained from the Church and Manse Loan Fund,
and plans were prepared. 'I'he foundation stones were laid by Mrs.
Capt. Craig and Mrs. S. S. Milgate, on i6th November, 1901 —
the Rev. W. F. Craigie being llien in charge — and the church was
opened for public worshi[) before the close of the year.

PRESBYTERY OF THE HAWKESBURY

FIVE CHURCHES AND THREE MANSES

Plate 75

PRESBYTERY OF THE HAWKESBURY

FOUR CHURCHES

Plate 70

PRESBYTERY OF THE HAWKESJWRY 2^-1

In 1903 the Hlackheatli portion of the charge a[)[)Iied for
permission to form a separate parish, and tlie Rev. \\ . J. Holt, M.A.,
was inducted; and ui 1904 the Rev. R. A. Redmond, B.A., was
a[)[)ointed to tlie new [)arish of Leura and ^Ventworth I'alls.

i'resbyterian services were first started at Wentworih Falls in 1898,
by the Rev. H. S. Anderson, M.A., but difficulties led to their
discontinuance. They were recommenced in December, 1902, by the
Moderator, the Rt. Rev. Dr. Bruce. In April, 1904, Mr. A. M.
Smidmore a[)proached the Committee and offered to build a sub-
stantial church if the congregation purchased a prominent site on the
main road. This was done at a cost of ^^250, when Mr. Smidmore
employed Messrs. Nixon and .Adam, architects, to design a church,
which was built of stone at a cost of about /800, and opened on 4th
February, 1905, the State Moderator, the Rt. Rev. R. H. Waugh,
M. A., presiding, the Moderator of the Presbyterian Church of Australia,
Dr. Bruce, assisting, and the Rev. John Ferguson preaching. By the
wish of the donor, the church is called St. Andrew's. Mr. Smidmore,
who had been long in ill-health (although he bravely attended the
Opening Services of the new church), died in April, 1905, and was
buried in the Presbyterian cemetery, Rookwood.

Elders : — (1905) Messrs. Wm. C. (kantham, W'm. Jones, Henry
Green, S. S. Milgate, Joseph Burrell, and the Rev. Robert I.amb, M.D.

LIVERPOOL.

The Presbyterian parish of Liverpool originated in a public
meeting held in the Court House in the year 1861. A small
committee was appointed to secure a site for a church, which having
been done, a Committee of Management was appointed, consisting of
Messrs. Sutherland, Clyde, Campbell, Irvine, Simpson, Millar, and
Munro. In the following year a wooden church was built, costing
;^268. For several months the pulpit was filled with such supply as
could be obtained. 'I'owards the end of the year a small denominational
school was built and maintained for a time, until rendered unnecessary
by the expansion of the Public School system. The Revs. R. Kerr,
H. Seaborne, and R Boag officiated for a longer or shorter period, prior
to the Union in 1865. The congregation having joined the Union,
was placed under the jurisdiction of the Presbytery of the Hawkesbury.
Services were conducted by the Revs. W. Chaucer, Wood, and others,
until, in 1869, Liverpool united with Campbelltown in giving a call to
the Rev. Edward Holland. In 1874 Mr. Holland resigned, and was
Q

258 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

succeeded by the Rev. W. J. Cuthbert, as minister of Liverpool alone.
After a pastorate of nearly ten years Mr. Cuthbeit resigned, and was
succeeded by the Rev. Charles Naismith. Mr. Naismith was followed
in 1890 by the Rev. D. \^ . Mac Fie, M.A. During his pastorate a
movement was initiated for building a new church. A legacy of ;^3oo,
left by Mr. McGillivray, gave an impulse to the movement, and to this
was added ;^2oo obtained from sale of land. A handsome brick
church was built and opened in 1894, called the McGillivray Memorial
Church.

In 1898 Mr. MacFie retired, and died shortly thereafter, and
was succeeded by the Rev. Joseph A. R. Perkins, B.A., in 1899. Mr.
Perkins laboured with energy and success in this wide field, which
now embraces half-a-dozen out-stations: — Liverpool, Glenfield, Cross
Roads, East Hoxton, Hoxton Park, and Bringelly. In June, 1905,
Mr. Perkins accepted a call to Woodburn, and no successor has yet
been inducted.

Land and Buildings — Liverpool: .'\bout two acres, brick church,
wooden schoolroom (old church), and manse of wood. Glenfield : One
acre, brick church. In the other preaching centres the services are
conducted in Union churches.

List of Elders from formation of parish: — Messrs. James
Farquhar, Christopher Alexander, James Rowe, W. Richardson, J
Kirkpatrick (deceased), C. C. Kennett, A. McKellar (now at Annandale),
J. Anderson, G. Elliott, H. Maze, and C Rowe. Present Session:
Messrs. C. Clifford Kennett, A. I) Dawson, and Charles Anderson
Mcintosh (Bringelly).

MITTAGONG AND BOWRAL.

Presbyterian services began to be held in Mittagong in 1868.
The Rev. C. J. Mood commenced his ministry as catechist here, and
by him — with regular visits from ministers of Sutton Forest, of which
charge it was a portion — the services were maintained, until, in 1885,
the present substantial church was opened by the Rev. Dr. Grant, of
Shoalhaven. In that year Mittagong and district, with Joadja Creek,
were separated from Sutton Forest and became a sanctioned charge, and
in 1886 the Rev. John Maclntyre was settled as first minister. On his
being called to Wagga Wagga, the Rev. James Goudie succeeded in 1889,
continuing till 1897, and during his ministry a manse was erected at
Mittagong. Tlie working out of the Joadja Creek mine and consequent
dispersion of the population was a heavy blow to the Mittagong parish,
and no settlement took place for two years, until, in 1899, the Rev.

PRESBYTERY OF THE HAWKESBURY 259

C). A. (Gordon, 15. A., was inducted into the united charge of Mittagong and
Bowral. At Bowral services were begun in 1883, by the Rev. John Evans,
M.A., of Moss Vale, and were held irregularly — in the School of Arts and
elsewhere — till 1891, when a neat church was built, and opened in 1892.
A vestry has since been added, and the parish is now in a healthful and
progressive condition. In 1904 Mr. Gordon was translated to
Richmond, and on 29th December of that year the Rev. J. J- Clilmore,
B.A., from \\'estern Australia, was inducted

Elders who have served the parish (so far as obtainable): —
Ordained 1894: Messrs. Robert Napier (deceased), Jas. Beaumont
(resigned), Thomas B. Dunwoodie; 1900: James Simons; 1903:
John Leighton and Thomas W. Marshall.

MOSS VALE.

In the early days services were held in various centres by elders
and others, with occasional visits from the ministers of Campbelltown
and Goulburn, for the dispensing of sealing ordinances. A school-
church was built at Blackbox Creek, and in 1866 the church at Sutton
Forest was built, chiefly through the exertions of the Rev. Dr. Kinross.

The first settled workers in the district were catechists, the Revs.
Daniel Blue, Christopher J. Mood, and John W. Dymock rendering
service in that capacity for a considerable period. The parish at
that time was known by the name of Sutton Forest. Mr. Dymock
remained until, in 1876 he was ordained and inducted as the first
minister. During his term the manse was built at Moss Vale. He was
followed by the Rev. R. A. Steel, M.A., in 1878, who had the church
at Moss Vale erected. The Rev. J. S. Boyd succeeded him, about the
middle of 1880. He was followed by the Rev. John Evans, M.A., who
died at the end of 1885, greatly beloved. After some delay, owing to
the separation of Mittagong and Bowral from the parish, the Rev. R.
Jennings was inducted in 1886. Resigning in 1890, the Rev. Boswell
Berry, M.A., was inducted in 1891. He demitted the charge in 1903,
and was succeeded by the Rev. J. C. W. McNeill, M.A., who was
translated to Dubbo in 1904. The present minister, the Rev. J. H.
Craig, M.A., was inducted in the same year.

The parish is an extensive one, comprising several out-stations,
viz., Burrawang, Kangaloon, Robertson, Exeter, Sutton Forest, and
Cross Roads.

Elder.s : — In 1876, when the Rev. J. W. Dymock was inducted,
the Session consisted of himself, Messrs. Robert Marshall and John
McClintock In 1879 Messrs. Wm. Alston, Robert Fyfe, and Wm.

26o HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

McKenzie were chosen and ordained as elders. Mr. McClintock left
the district in i88t and died at Cootamundra, Mr. Marshall died in
1888, and Mr. Alston, after living seventeen years at Burrowa, died
there in 1902. The Session at present consists of Messrs. Fyfe and
McKenzie, with Messrs. William Brooker (Kangaloon) and Edward
McCleery (Moss Vale), elected September, 1905.

PAR RAM ATT A.

St. Andrew's Church.

Prior to 1837 occasional services were held in Parramatta by the
Rev. Dr. Lang and other Sydney ministers, but in August of that year
the Rev. James Allan — recently arrived from Scotland— was settled
in Parramatta, and continued to labour there till 1843. Not long after
the settlement of Mr. Allan, another minister was called to labour in
Parramatta, the Rev. Cunningham Atchison. As it soon became evident
that there was not room enougli for two Presbyterian ministers, the
Presbytery determined that both ministers should be withdrawn, and
that the people should unite to call a minister to occupy the whole field.
Feeling aggrieved at the action of the Presbytery, Mr. Allan not only
resigned his charge, but also his connection with the Presbyterian Church.
Mr. Atchison effected an exchange with the Rev. John Tait, who
had been settled in Wollongong. After the Disruption of the Church of
Scotland in 1843, and the action taken in connection therewith by the
Church in New South Wales, Mr. Tait attached himself to the Free
Church party, which involved his severance from the Synod of
Australia in connection with the Established Church of Scotland ; but
he continued to labour in Parramatta until 185 1, when he removed to
Geelong in Victoria, where, after a successful ministry, he died.

In 1849 the Rev. James Coutts, M.A., was appointed by the Colonial
Committee of the Church of Scotland as the minister of Parramatta,
and arrived in due course. The church, which had been in course of
erection, was opened shortly after his arrival. Mr Coutts laboured in
Parramatta till, in 1861, he was translated to St. Andrew's, Newcastle.
At his death he left a sum of about ;!^2,ooo to found a Sailors' Home
at Newcastle. He was succeeded by the Rev. Thomas Craig, who, after
a brief pastorate, was followed by the Rev. J. 1>. Laughton, B.A., who
ministered with success from 1866 till 1876. In that year the Rev.
J. I). Murray (from the New Hebrides — where he had gone as a
missionary from Canada, but had to resign on account of his wife's
health) was inducted, and his ministry extended to January, 1890.

PRESBYTERY OF THE HAWKESIWRY 261

He was followed by the Rev. J. \V. Inglis, in July, 1890, who held
the pastorate till his death on 27th July, 1893. In November of
that year the Rev. John Paterson, M A., the present minister, was
ordained and inducted.

The church is a massive stone building, with a square tower. The
manse — built during Mr. Coutts's ministry — is still the property of the
congregation, but having become undesirable as a residence, a new
manse has been erected — a handsome two-storied brick building.
This is not the only improvement that has been effected under Mr.
Paterson's energetic ministry. The church has been renovated and
re-seated, and by the substitution of timber of a lighter hue, a brighter
and more attractive aspect has been imparted to the interior. Through
the liberality of the late Mrs. Andrew Payten, a new hall, called the
Payten Memorial Hall, has been built. It is pleasing to find the Church
in that important centre in such a vigorous and progressive condition.

The following have served the Church in this parish in the office of
the Eldership: — Messrs. James Houison, ^Alexander Johnstone, *Neil
Stewart, Andrew Payten, John Walker, James Symonds, *David D
Henderson, *Joseph Knox, *Charles J. Ferguson, Alex Shedden, Hugh
Reid, *John Finlayson, John Howie, *Daniel Sheridan, and *James
Rowe. Those with asterisk now form the .Session.

PICTON.

Services began to be held in Picton as early as 1837, conducted by
the Rev. H. R. Gilchrist, of Campbelltown. These were carried on for a
number of years by the ministers of Campbelltown, first in the Court
House and afterwards in the Protestant Hall. Services were, for a time,
conducted in connection with the Synod of Eastern Australia, chiefly
by students. In 1877 the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales
re-organised the parish, and services were maintained by the following
students, now ordained ministers of the Church : Messrs. R. Steel,
R. Kay, and R. Jackson. The Revs. Edward Holland, David
Moore, B.A., and Samuel Humphreys officiated from time to time, and
dispensed sealing ordinances.

In 1886 Mr. W. Coull presented a site for a church, and gave ^100
towards the building. In the following year, the church was opened by
the Rev. W. M. Dill Macky. The cost was ^560. It is neat and
•substantial, and occupies a commanding site. In 1890 the Rev. M.
Kirkpatrick, B.A., was ordained and inducted as first minister of Picton.
Mr. Kirkpatrick having, in November, 1894, accepted a call to Bega,
Picton was without a settled minister till September, 1900, when the

262 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Rev. James Steele was ordained and inducted to the parish, which,
under his zealous and successful labours, was brought into a thriving
condition. Mr. Steele was translated to Lindfield in 1904, and in the
same year the Rev. J. H. Lawrie, of Mill Hill, Waverley, was inducted.
A large eight-roomed residence, with two acres of land, convenient to
the church, was purchased for a manse in 1902, during Mr. Steele's
ministry. Regular services are held at Thirlmere Home for
Consumptives, at Thirlmere township, and at Glenhill, a new centre
formed by Mr Lawrie.

Elders: — Messrs. H. McDonald, J. Quin, and R. Wallace, along
with the Rev M. Kirkpatrick, formed the original session, in June, 1891.
The present elders are Messrs. L. Nicolson and C. Paul. Of the
original trustees, Mr. J, W. McQuiggin still holds office as honorary
treasurer.

WOODFORD AND LINDEN.

Started in Woodford House in 1899 by Home Mission agents
sent from Sydney, and continued fortnightly for some time Thereafter
the services were transferred to " Rockcorry," the late residence of the
Rev. David Moore, B.A., until towards the end of 1903, when they
were discontinued temporarily. Again in 1904 they were resumed at
" Rockcorry " for a while.

On loth September, 1905, services were recommenced at Woodford
House by the Commissioner of the Assembly, and are being held fort
nightly by agents of the Home Mission Committee. It is intended
shortly to secure a site and erect a church.

PRESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER.

BICLMONT AND BOOLAROO.

In tlie early sixties the Rev. W. Bain, of Newcastle, opened
monthly Presbyterian services at Belmont. A few families of his
charge took up land there, and settled as the pioneer settlers of that
beautiful district on the banks of Lake Macquarie. This arrangement
continued for a year or two. The meetings were held in a large room
at the late Thomas Williamson's home, who, with his excellent wife,
favoured and helped the work. As a few more families — both
Methodist and Presbyterian — settled there, a small building was erected
as a half time school and church, and the primary education was thus
attended to. This arrangement continued for a few years. A public
school and teacher were placed there. The church building was
enlarged, and this congregation and West Wallsend were sanctioned as
a Presbyterian parish. The Rev. R. E. Davies was the first settled
minister. When he was translated to Gulargambone, Belmont remained
vacant for a time. In 1903 Miss Williamson moved in the matter and
collected funds, and in November of that year the pretty new churcii
was opened. It is now joined with Boolaroo, where monthly services
were commenced in May, 1903, by the Rev. T. S. Crawford, M.A ,
successor to the Rev. Wm. Bain, at Hunter Street, Newcastle. Early
in 1904 it was felt desirable to secure a weekly service here, and with
that end in view the co-operation of Belmont was sought and secured.
From July of that year an agent from Sydney has conducted regular
weekly services, and at the present time he resides at Boolaroo. The
work has gradually progressed there. A fine central block of land is
now paid for, and ste[)s are being taken to have a suitable church erected.

CESSNOCK-KURRl KL RRI— WE.STON.

This is one of the new Home Mission stations of the year 1904.

The district lies to the south of Maitland, and is connected with it by

a branch line of railway privately owned. Owing to the discovery of

thick beds of coal and the opening up of several mines, there has

2 64 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

recently been a rapid influx of population into this hitherto sparsely-
populated region. Already several townships of considerable propor-
tions have grown up, and others will appear in the near future. Our
Church made a somewhat tardy entrance into this new and promising
field towards the close of 1904, when, after preliminary investigations
had been made by the Rev. A. S. McCook, B.A., of West Maitland,
the Home Mission Committee sent out the Rev. E. S. Henderson, a
licentiate, to open up the work. Services were organised in three
centres — Cessnock, Weston, and Kurri Kurri — with encouraging
results Cessnock, with its rich agricultural and viticultural surround-
ings, in addition to its mineral resources, is a very promising centre.
The Cessnock centre includes Pokolbin and Rothbury, where are three
or four old Presbyterian families, viz., the MacDonalds, the Halls, the
Campbells, and the Tullochs, as well as Presbyterians of more recent
arrival; and Berriba Station, owned by Mr. John McDonald. Mr.
Henderson stayed for three months, and was succeeded by Mr. John W.
Yarnall, who successfully worked the district from February to October,
1905. The Commissioner of Assembly (the Rev. John Walker) paid
a ten-days' visit to all the centres in July, 1905, and gave a strong
impetus to the cause. In Cessnock district he collected jQz'^o for the
Centenary Fund, of which ^^256 is for a church in that township.
Suitable sites will be immediately secured at the three chief centres, and
it is anticipated that at an early date each of the congregations will
be able to worship in its own church. Steps are also being taken to
secure sites in two or three new centres when they are offered for sale.

DUNGOG.

At the time of the Union, in 1865 — as for years before — the Rev.
Thomas Stirton (afterwards Dr. Stirton, of Inverell) was minister in
Dungog and Paterson, residing at Paterson. In 1875 he was succeeded
by the Rev. John Gibson, who resided in Dungog. He was followed
in 1882 by the Rev. David Baird, who, after eighteen years of faithful
work, was translated to Eskbank in 190c, and was succeeded by the
Rev. Peter McQueen, who died in 1904. 'Ihe Rev. I). Morgan
Benjamin, recently arrived from Wales, was inducted on 19th July, 1905

There is a brick church at Dungog, built in 1856, seated for 150 ;
also a manse and glebe of eight acres. Debt was cleared off through the
working of the Centenary Fund, the largest donor being Mr. J. K.
Mackay of Cangon, who gave 300 guineas to the I'"und. The old manse
was sold in 1 889, and the present oi5e purchased. At Slroud— the second
most imjjonunt centre in the parish - is a good brick rluuch (St James'),

PRESBYTERY OF THE HAWKESBURY

FIVE CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

Plate ::

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

MINISTERIAL MEMBERS, 1904

Plate 78

PRESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER 265

built in 1887, durinj^ tlic iniiiistiy of the Rev. I). J'aiid. During .^^l•.
Baird's ministry, Union cluirches were built at Bandon (hove, JJig
Creek, Monkerai, and Fosterton. A fine new l)rick churcli, costing
■over _;,^i,20o, has just been built on the s[)lendid corner site adjoining
the old church in the main street, and was opened on 14th A{)ril, 1905,
by the Rev. Ronald (}. Macintyre, B.I)., of WooIIahra (who preached),
assisted by the Rev. John Walker, and the Revs. 1). W. Davies
{Hinton) and A. S. McCook, B.A. (West Maitland).

The present preaching stations — regular and occasional — are
Dungog, Stroud, 'I'ellegherry, Monkerai, Fosterton, Bandon Clrove,
and Big Creek.

Ei.DEKS, past and present: — Messrs. F. A. Hooke, Dungog;
James Mclntyre (deceased) and J. A. McKenzie, Stroud; G. A. Mackay,
Dungog; John Gorton (deceased), Tellegherry ; John McDonald,
Bendolba; John E. Irwin, Bandon Grove; VV. O. Skillen, Dungog; and
Charles E. Gillespie, Stroud

GRETA.
Services were begun in this coal-mining township early in 1888.
The late Rev. James Benvie, ^^^est Maitland, conducted the first
•service, and the Rev. James Lamont, 1"\L.S., then of East Maitland,
the second. Then the Home Mission Committee sent the Rev.
J. W. Terras, and he was inducted as the first minister in February,
1889. The charge was small, hemmed in on the one side by West
Maitland, and on the other by Singleton, but the people were
■enthusiasti •. They were mostly young people, fresh from the ^Vest of
Scotland, and a fine spirit was manifested by them. The Rev. J.
Lamont aided them financially by becoming responsible for ^50 per
annum of the Sustentation Fund, and the Maitland Glebe Trust gave
^100 towards the erection of a neat brick church, which was ojjcned
in 1889. A weatherboard school-church was also built at Leconfield,
when the mine there was opened, but after the workings there were
■closed, the building was sold and removed. The people were willing
and energetic during the few years in which there was work for them in
the mines. The men themselves paled in the two acres of land on which
the church stands in Greta, and they also dug two large tanks, one for
the church and the other for the manse yet unbuilt. These and other
works were carried through by relays of men, whom the minister secured
for the fortnightly "off" Saturday. 'Jhe congregations were composed
principally of men, and their spirit may be judged from what took place
during a 13-weeks' strike. Strike pay was to be distributed, and some of
the men, collectors and others, were speaking about the Sustentation

266 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Fund, which was regularly collected every fourth Saturd.iy. One young
man — Mr. John Simpson — finished the discussion with : " Weel, chaps,
if there's ony strike pey gaun, Mr. Terras should hae his wheck ; an'
I'm gaun roond ma district." And Mr. Terras always had his "wheck,"
even in the hardest times. But the financial outlook became so black,
that, with deep regret, in December, 1891, he accepted the second of
two calls he received to work in other spheres. The people, on his
departure, presented him with a watch, suitably inscribed. During his
pastorate a session was formed, consisting of Messrs. Charles Johnstone
(now deceased), James McGeachie, Robert McCormick, and John
Coulter, the latter three now being scattered over Australasia. For a
time, supply was given by the Home Mission Committee, but as the
place gradually went down, this ceased, and Greta became a dependency
of East Maitland, first the Rev. J. Lamont, then the Rev. Robert Jackson,
and now the Rev. A. Smith supplying it with a monthly service. Among
the honourable women who aided the church were Mrs. McDonald
(Glenmore) and Mrs Scott (Wallalong), financially, and Mrs. Joseph
Henderson in Sabbath-school work.

Property: — Greta : Two acres (Government grant), on which
there is a brick church. Leconfield : About half an acre of land,
bought for ^25, on which a weatherboard church-school once stood.

HAMH/rON.

Presbyterian services were started in the Hamilton district about
the year 1855 by Mr. W. Chaucer, a catechist in connection with the
Synod of New South Wales A site was obtained from the Australian
Agricultural Company and a church built on it, which was opened by
the Rev. Dr. Lang. In this church services were maintained by Mr.
Chaucer for a good many years. When he left, the church was closed
for a time ; but services were resumed by the ministers of Newcastle,
and maintained by them, until in 1876 a congregational meeting was
held, a Committee of Management appointed, and a Sabbath school
started. In 1881 Hamilton was formed into a parish in connection
with the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales. The first settled
minister was the Rev. W. H. (jruy, B.A , who was inducted in 1882.
After a brief pastorate he resigned, and the Rev. Andrew Wilson, M.A ,
was called to succeed him. Mr. Wilson who was a scholarly man — •
after eight years of faithful service, was sutldcnly removed by death. '!"he
congregation then called the Rev. Richartl Jennings, who ministered till
1894, when, greatly to the regret of the congregation, he was translated
to Wagga Wagga. In 1895 the Rev. Charles Hell was called from South

PRESIiVrERY OF fUE HUNTER 267

Melbourne and inducted, doing a good work. In [884, tlirough the
instrumentality cf Mr. George Donald, the Australian Agricultural
Company exchanged the site on which the original church stood for
that on which the present handsome church has been erected.

In 1900 Mr. Bell followed his predecessor to Wagga VVagga, and
was succeeded in 1901 by the Rev. A Thain Anderson, M.A., the
present minister. The Hamilton church is of brick, seating about three
hundred, and well-nigh free of debt. At Laml)ton — three miles distant
— there is a nice church, in which services are held every Sunday. At
Adamstown — two miles distant — a site has been secured and a church
built, which was opened on 2nd April, 1905, by the Rev. John Walker.
There are four vSunday schools within the [)arish, with over two
hundred and fifty pupils. Under the efficient and vigorous ministry oi
Mr. Anderson the parish is in a thriving condition and a movement is
in progress for the erection of a school-hall; while a very attractive
brick manse has just been built in Hamilton, ^300 having been left
by the late Mrs. Sneddon for a site for the latter.

Elders from commencement of parish: — Messrs. George Donald,
J. J. Dick, Archibald Gardiner, Archibald Jackson, E. Scott Holland,
P. Macfarlane, David Robertson, James Sharp, Robert Turton, and
David Watson. Elders at present: Messrs. C. G. Melville, D
McNaughton, John Hughes, John Donald, David Murray, W^illiam
Stronach, James Law, and John Sharp.

HINTON.

This parish is one of the oldest in the Church, dating from 1841.
The first minister was the Rev. Robert Blain, who was born in the
North of Ireland in 1796, and came to Australia at the instance of Dr.
Lang in 1840. ^"ery soon he had built a church and manse at Hinton.
The spire of the church was the first in the colony covered with metal,
except that of St. James', Sydney, and it became a familiar landmark to
those navigating the river. His pastorate may be said to have
embraced the whole of the Lower Hunter. At every little centre of
population he established a preaching station, at which, sometimes by
day and sometimes by night, almost throughout the whole week, he
conducted divine service, travelling on horseback, and contending with
difficulties from bad roads, or lack of roads, and with dangers tVom
suddenly swollen creeks. He occasionally visited Clarence Town and
Dungog. He made a missionary tour throughout New I'^ngland,
preaching and ba[)ti/.ing, on which tour he rode 1,500 miles. This was,
we believe, the first visit of an\ n\inister of religion, and certainly ol

2 68 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

any Presbyterian minister. In 1845 l^" married the sister of the late
John H. Keys, of Bengalla, Muswellbrook. W'hen his health gave way he
proved his largeness of heart and zeal for Christ's Kingdom by
transferring, in i860, his Government stipend of ^200 to the Rev. A.
McEwen, a younger man, when he might have retained it to the end of
his life. He died in 1870, in his 75th year. At the time of the Union
the parish was vacant, and had become financially weak. On 26th
September, 1866, the Rev. Robert Boag, LL.D., was inducted. In
March, 1887, Dr. Boag retired from active work after 20 years' service,
becoming minister emeritus. He died in 1891. The present pastor,
the Rev. D. W. Davies, was inducted on 20th March, 1888, and has
been a hard worker, both intellectually and in overtaking the calls of a
wide parish. New and handsome churches have been recently built at
Largs and Clarence Town, and a new manse is much needed at Hinton.

Preaching Stations :— Hinton, Largs, Seaham, Morpeth,
Clarence Town, and Halton.

Elders from commencement of parish : —Messrs. Samuel S.
Dickson, James Hollingsworth, Duncan McGregor, Samuel Morrow,
Charles S. Boag, James Morrow, A. D. McGregor, John \V. Boag,
and James Goldie.

EAST MALPLAND (ST. STEPHEN'S}.
When in 1846 the Rev. William McLityre, M.A., withdrew from
the Synod of Australia in connection with the Estal)lished Church of
Scotland, the Rev. William Purves, M..A., was appointed to succeed him.
Mr. Purves, finding that the great majority of the Presbyterians in West
Maitland adhered to the Free Church, confined his labours chiefly to
East Maitland, and conjoined with it Largs, about two miles distant.
In East Maitland he succeeded in getting a good brick church erected,
atuJ gathered a large congregation. In 1869 he resigned, and started
on a voyage to the Moiher Country, but died on the passage, and was
i)uried at sea. He was a cultured, gentlemanly man, generous and
humane, and held in high esteem. In the East Maitland church
is a iiandsome tablet, bearing the following inscription: —

This tablet is erected to the memory of the late Reverend William
Purves, M.A., by an attached congregation with many other sincere
friends, in testimony of his great worth and never ceasing desire for
the welfare, happiness, and prosperity of liis people and adopted
country ; who, for the long period of twenty years, ministered to the
I'resbyterians of Maitland, and was mainly instrumental in building this
church. A man of acknowledged talent, undoubted classical and
literary attainments, high moral character, large-hearted benevolence
and philanthropy, and above all a faithful and orthodox minister of the
Church of Christ. IJorn 26lh July, 181 1; died at sea, 2Slli April,
1870 ; aged 58 years.

PA'ESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER 269

He was succeeded, in tlie year 1869, by the Rev John Dougall,
translated from St Andrew's, Sydney, who died in 187 i. He was greatly
esteemed. A tablet in the church bears the following inscription: —

Sacred to the memory of the Rev. John Dougall, for two years the beloved
pastor of this church, who died, surely trusting in his Saviour, June
13th, 1871 ; aged 46 years. His varied attainments, his genial generous
sympathies, the iiigh excellence of his pulpit ministrations, his warm
interest in his people, his Christian meekness, sincerity, and liumilily,
won the esteem of all who knew liim. He rests from his labours, and
his works do follow him.

After him the Rev. James Bonthorne was inducted in 1871, and
remained imtil his death in 1881. The Rev. Archibald Craig next held
the pastorate for two years, dying in 1883. The Rev. James Lamont,
F L.S., succeeded in 1883, remaining until 1894, when he was translated
to Kogarah and subsequently to Mosman, of which he is at present the
minister. The Rev. Robert Jackson then became the minister of East
Maitland, and under his earnest ministry a flourishing congregation
was built u[) Mr. Jackson, having resigned and gone to New Zealand
in 1900, was succeeded by the Rev. Alexander Smith, translated from
St. Mary's in April, 1901.

Among the faithful office-bearers who have served God in this
congregation — and there have been and are not a few — none was of
greater service or more regarded than Mr. J. M. Saunders, to whom
a Memorial is erected in the church, bearing this testimony: —

In memory of John Morrison Saunders, during fort)' years a member, and

twenty years an elder, of this church. Died 9th August, 1888; aged

73 years. Modest and retiring in character, yet abounding in good

works ; a warm and liberal friend of this congregation and of the

whole Church. Highly appreciated. Greatly beloved. Deeply

regretted. Erected by this congregation and other friends. "Precious-

in the sight of the Lord is the death of His saints." — Psalm cxvi., 15.

Mr. William Irwin was also a faithful elder for twenty years, and

there is a tablet in the church to the memory of him and his wife,

erected by their daughter, Mrs. Jane Crothers.

Mr. Joseph Cunningham should also be held in grateful remem-
brance as a very loyal Presbyterian and an earnest worker in the
congregation, he having faithfully filled the position of treasurer for the
long period of thirty-three years, from 187 1 to 1904, when he died^
greatly regretted. His family are walking in their father's steps.

Elders: — In office in 1868 (no records in existence before that date),
Messrs. John M. Saunders, William Irwin, *Alfred George Cullum,
Alexander Dickson, James Thomson; (1872) Samuel Baker; (1875)
James Kerr, J. Junor ; (1884) Joseph Cunningham, John Gumming,,
* William Paterson, * Robert John Hinder, and *David Ley. *Present
Session.

2 -JO HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

WEST MAITLAND.

The first Presbyterian congregation organised on the Hunter
would appear to have been in West Maitland. The first Presbyterian
minister settled in Maitland was the Rev. John H. Garven, M.A.,
of Glasgow, who arrived in the colony in 1834, and was inducted
in Maitland early in 1835. He was afterwards settled in Shoalhaven,
and ultimately removed to the Clarence River, where he died in
1 88 1. But, previous to his arrival, Dr. Lang had paid visits to
the Hunter River, and conducted divine service among the Presby-
terians there. The Rev. William Mclntyre, M.A., arrived in 1837,
and soon afterwards settled in Maitland. The Rev. Robert Blain,
of Hinton, officiated temporarily in the interval between the
departure of Mr. Garven and the arrival of Mr. Mclntyre. A
temporary building was erected as a church, and in that Mr. Mclntyre
continued to officiate, until shortly after the Disruption in 1S43 ''•'''d the
formation of the Synod of Eastern Australia by those who determined to
-cast in their lot with the Free Church of Scotland. Shortly thereafter,
the movement was started which resulted in the erection of the present
permanent church. Mr. Mclntyre, an able and scholarly man, took a
great interest in educational matters, and by his exertions and personal
sacrifices the building known as the Higli School and Manse was
■established. In this school were educated many who afterwards occu-
pied leading positions. Among these were Charles Dight, e.\-MT> A.,
and his brothers, the most distinguished student being the first
Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia, the Hon. Sir Samuel
-Griffith.

Mr. Mclntyre having l)een translated to St. George's Church,
Sydney, a call was addressed to the Rev. Dr. W. Grant, of
Shoalhaven, but he declining, the congregation invited the Rev.
Simon F. Mackenzie, M.A, to become their minister, and he was
duly inducted in 1863, and ministered until, in 1866, he was
translated to St. David's Church, Ashfield. 'I'he Rev. James Benvie,
an ordained minister of the Presbyterian Church in England, having
arrived in 1867, was inducted, and continued to minister with
much ability, faithfulness, and acceptance until his death in 1902.
The writer can recall with pleasure the Sabbath he spent with Mr.
Benvie, in his original charge in Warenford, Northumberland, in 1866,
when he was on the lookout for ministers for the colony. The result
of that visit was the transfer to our State of one who, in many ways,
rendered valuable service to the cause of Presbyterianism among us.
l'"rom the Minute passed by the General Assembly we take the
following: -"Mr. Ik-nvie was a man of more than average ability

J'RESnyTERY OF TJIE J/UNTER 271

highly esteemed l)y his brethren, l)eloved by his flock, and looked up
to as a man of light and leading in all Church affairs and matters
ecclesiastical. As a pastor, he was affectionate as well as faithful. In
his preaching there was an unction, as well as an intellectual force,
which made it peculiarly acceptable to the more spiritually minded."
The church, a capacious edifice, has undergone various transformations,
and wears now, internally at least, a very attractive aspect.

One cannot think of Maitland without recalling the names of
honoured men — the Dickson brothers (James, Uavid, and Samuel), and
Ivlessrs. Dodds, Rae, Sinclair, Zuill, and others who were pillars of the
Church in their day, and whose works have followed them.

Mr. Benvie's successor is the Rev. A. Stuart McCook, B A — a
Sydney University graduate, and a student from our own Theological
Hall — translated from Warren, where he did excellent work for five
years. He was inducted in March, 1904.

Properties. — The Church here possesses very vahiable prDperties. !ii common
wilh East Maitland, it enjoys revenues derived from property known as The Glebe.
This consists of almost the whole original block of five acres which, upon application
of the Rev. Dr. Lang, was granted in 1833 as church, school, manse, and glebe lands
for use of the minister and congregation of the Maitland Presbyterian Church. When
Maitland was divided into two townships — East and West — with J'resb\ terian
ministers settled in each, an Act of Parliament in 1870 authorised the revenues from
this property to be apportioned between the two congregations. The West Maitland
property is in Free Church Street, adjoining the leading business centres. The
church is old-fashioned in appearance, but comfortable and commodious. Alongside
stands the manse, which is part of a severe-looking but substantial and lofty block of
buildings originally erected for the High School. The remaining portion is let, wilh
the exception of a large classroom, used for meetings. A few years ago the manse
premises were added to by purchase of land in the rear, with extensive frontage to
Hunter Street. In 1904 an allotment adjoining the church on the southern side was
secured. This it is hoped shortly to utilise for extension purposes.

Elders from origination of parish : — Early church records show
that the Rev. William Mclntyre had associated with him in the
Eldership in 1842 the following gentlemen, some of whose names are
still honourably known in the district : — Messrs. Ross Coulter, Finlay
Nicholson, Fergus Ferguson, and Dr. Andrew Liddell — father of Dr.
Liddell, the present representative for Maitland in the House of
Representatives. At the Disruption some of these retired, and in iS^^o
we find that Messrs. David Dickson and Michael Scobie were elected.
The latter gentleman held office for fifty-three years, taking an active
interest in all kirk affairs till his death in 1903, at the advanced age of
102 years. In 1852 Messrs. William Zuill and John Boggs were
elected, respected members of the former's family still living in the
town. In 1857 the name of James Hamilton a[)pears on the Session

272 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Roll. Messrs. Samuel Harrison and Thomas Browne also for some
time held office. Two other names are worthy of distinct mention in
this connection, viz., Mr. ^^^illiam Sloan and Dr. John Fraser. These
served the Church faithfully, and have entered into their rest. The
present Session consists of Messrs. James Kerr, senr , Thomas.
McClelland, George Ellis, Henry Kerr, and NVilliam S. Pender.

MINMI.

Preshyterian services were started at Minmi by the Rev. William
Bain, of Newcastle, in 1862. Minmi is a coal mining township belonging
to Messrs. J. and J. Brown, of Newcastle, and had originally Wallsend
conjoined with it, and was maintained as a preaching station by the
Synod of Eastern Australia. The F.ev. Samuel Humphreys was inducted
as its first minister in 1870. He was followed, in 1873, by the Rev.
Christopher J. Mood. A brick church was built during the ministry
at Wallsend (with which Minmi was then conjoined) of the Rev. P.
Norman (now of Scone), and opened by the late Rev. Dr. Steel in the
year 1885, and was enlarged during the ministry of the Rev. G. S.
Moorhead, B.A., when a manse was also built. Minmi was erected into a
separate parish during the ministry of the Rev. E. J. Thomson, the first
minister being the Rev. G. S. Moorhead, who was inducted in the year
1889. He was followed by the Rev. Peter McQueen in March, 1895,
who was succeeded by the Rev W. F. Craigie in February, 1897,
resigning in July, 1901. The Rev. Thomas Morgan Nvas inducted in
April, 1902, remaining till November, 1904, when he was translated to
McNeil Memorial Church, Waverley. No out-stations. Parish- at
present vacant.

Elders: — Messrs. W. Dyet, I). James, Alex. Gillon, J. K. Walker^
and G. Muir.

MURRURUNDI— QUIRINDI.
Prior to the starting of permanent Presbyterian services in
Murrurundi and district, the Rev, Win. Ridley, M.A., officiated here
from 1847 to 1849. He did good pioneer work, visiting and preaching
regularly from Murrurundi to Tamworth. The Rev. Alexander Black
(ordained by Dr. Lang) succeeded him in 1850, and conducted services
in this district till the end of 1857. After the Rev Alex. Black'.**
departure, there was no Presbyterian minister for nearly five years. In
1862 the Rev. \'incent George Williams was appointed. He did
excellent work and was highly esteemed, but his health giving way.

PRESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER

FOUR CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

Plate 7H

PRESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER

THREE CHURCHES AND THREE MANSES

Plate 80

PRESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER

EIGHT CHURCHES (OLD AND NEW) AND A MANSE

Plate SI

PRESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER

ST. PHILIPS, NtWCASILt,
NEW CHURCH EHECTED BY HUNTER ST CONGREGATI

FIVE CHURCHES AND A MANSE

Plate S2

PRESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER 273

lie resigned in 1866 Mr. Williams continued for some time in the
district after his resignation, doing work as he was able, till he died.
He was buried in Murrurundi. 1'he Rev. — Hayes (a Congregational
minister), from Canada, took up Mr. Williams' work till 1870, when
he returned to Canada. The Rev. James Niven was inducted in 1871.
In 1874 he was translated to Penrith, and was succeeded, in 1886,
by the Rev. W. F. Fraser, M.A., who held the pastorate until, in August,
1898, he was followed by the Rev. James Davidson, the present minister.

The present church at Murrurundi was built in Mr. Fraser's time.
There is a brick manse (built during the present pastorate) but no
school-hall; there is a considerable amount of property belonging to the
congregation, both at Murrurundi and Quirindi, the two centres of the
parish. At Quirindi we have a weatherboard church, and also one at
Castle Mountain. Services are conducted at several important squatting
stations on Liverpool Plains. Steps are about to be taken with a view
to providing an assistant for the minister of this extensive parish.

Elder : — Mr. Alexander Busby was ordained in 1902.

MUSWELLBROOK.
The church in Muswellbrook was built on one of two acres granted
by the Government about the year 1845. On the same block of land
and near the church was built a small cottage intended to serve as a
manse, but not occupied by any minister ; also a weatherboard school-
room which served the purpose of a private seminary for many years, but
is now removed. The Rev. Irving Hetherington, minister of Singleton,
paid visits to Muswellbrook ; but in 1847 M*"- Hetherington left the
Hunter to take charge of the Scots Church in Melbourne. After him the
Rev. Dr. J. S. W^hite, of Singleton, supplied occasional services to Muswell-
brook, until the arrival of the Rev. Duncan Ross, of the Synod of Aus-
tralia, m 1856, who became the first settled minister. After a ministry of
seventeen years, Mr. Ross resigned. He was thereafter for a time
minister of St. Peter's, North Sydney, and subsequently of Walcha,
where he died several years ago, after some years' retirement from active
service. In 1874 the Rev. J. S. Laing (now Dr. Laing) was translated from
the Manning River to Muswellbrook. A few years after his settlement a
commodious manse was built on the hill on which the church stands, in
a position which commands a magnificent view of the surrounding
country. The church has externally a rather antiquated appearance, but
internally it was recently remodelled, and now wears a pleasing aspect.
Over twelve hundred pounds is in hand for a new church, donated in
connection with the Centenary Thanksgiving Fund. The district

R

2 74 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

contains a goodly number of well-to-do and influential families belonging
to our Church, including among others the Keys, Bowmans, Donald
Macintyres, Halls, Campbells, Humphries. By his faithfulness as a
pastor, and his ability as a preacher, Dr. Laing has won for himself the
affection of his flock and the esteem of his brethren. Dr. Laing was
elected to the chair of the State Assembly in the year 1884, and has
held the office of Clerk of Assembly since 1874. He was also Clerk of
the Federal Assembly till the Union in 1901, when he was appointed
Senior Clerk of the General Assembly of Australia. Dr. Laing has
now the help of an assistant in his parochial work, and regular services
are henceforth to be conducted at Merriwa and surrounding district.

Elders: — The first Session was formed in 1889, Messrs. Robert Gall
and George Ross being ordained as elders ; m 1896 Mr. W, McNeill was
ordained, and Messrs. Robert Greig and Robert Lang in 1900. Owing
to death and removal, Messrs. Ross and Greig are now the only elders.
Mr. Ross has frequently represented the congregation in the General
Assembly, and Mr. Greig has most efficiently performed the duties of
hon. treasurer of the conuregation.

NEWCASTLE, HUNTER-STREET CHURCH (ST. PHH^IF'S).

In the year 1859 the Presbytery of Maitland, in connection with
the Synod of Eastern Australia, sent funds to Scotland to bring out three
ministers to labour within its bounds. Of these, the Rev. AVilliam Bain
was the first to arrive. He landed in i860, and, by appointment of the
Presbytery, began forthwith to labour in Newcastle. A congregation
was speedily gathered, and a call addressed to Mr. Bain to become their
minister. He was ordained and inducted in 1861. The work of church
building was (juickly started. A valuable site was secured, and a brick
church erected and opened in 1863. Li 1879 '^'^^ church was enlarged
to seat 250 [)ersons.

In 1895 Mr. l>ain, after thirty-five years of faithful service, retired
from active woik. He occupied the Chair of the General Assembly in
1887, and for thirty-seven years was Clerk of the Presbytery of the
Hunter, from which position he retired in 1904. 'i'hc Presbytery made
him a valuable gift of plate upon his retirement. The Rev. John Downey,
M.A., B.D., was the next minister, being inducted in Noveml)er, 1895.
In April, 1902, he was translated to Victoria. The Rev. Thomas S.
Crawford, M.A. — one of our own students- is the i)resent minister,
having been inducted in February, 1903.

The church has a valuable site, on which is good leasehold properly
A new church site has recently been i)ur(:hased in Watt-street, part

PRESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER

-/:>

of the Hunter-street property having been sold, and a handsome stone
and brick church, to cost nearly ;;^5,ooo, to seat 350 persons, is in course
of erection. The church is henceforth to bear tin- name of St. Philip's,
Newcastle. With the completion of the new l)uilding, a new era of
progress and expansion should commence for this historic congregation.

In addition to the city church, the following suburbs are under the
charge of the Session: — Smedmore, Carrington, Stockton, Belmont,
IJoolaroo. In the first three, religious services have quite recently
been commenced, while an agent of the Home Mission, residing at
Belmont, is meeting with much success there and at Boolaroo. Before
long, the closer suburbs and the Lake towns should form two new
parishes

The names of the Rldkrs and dates of ordination are as follow : —
Messrs. Alexander Brown, Hamilton Anderson, 1862 ; Alex. Cameron,
Alex. Sheddon, Archil)ald Rodgers, 1866; John Cameron, Thos. NicoU,
Geo. Wardle, 1870; jas. Kinloch, Wm. Wilson, 1876; Thomas Scott,
Wm. Laughton, 1881; John Everette, 1883; Captain John Bain, Messrs.
John Hay, John Stark, 1888; Wm. Todd, Wm. Wallace, 1896: M. A.
Kraser, D. Mclntyre, 1902; and T. S. Davidson, 1904. Of these the
following are still in office : Messrs. Thos. Scott, John Bain, John Hay,
Wm. Todd, M. A. Fraser, I) Mclntyre, and T. S. Davidson.

NEWCASTLE, ST. ANDREW'S.
The first Presbyterian services conducted in Newcastle, so
(iu as we know, were by the Rev. Dr. Lang, who appointed the
Rev. Lorenzo Lodge to Newcastle, on his leaving Ipswich in 1850.
Mr. Lodge was an earnest Christian man and preacher, and during
the two years he was there left a spiritual mark which is felt in the
lives of people yet living. The original St. Andrew's was erected
in 1850. The first settled minister was the Rev. James Nimmo.
In 1 86 1 he was succeeded by the Rev. James Coutts, M.A., who was
translated from Parramatta. The church [)roperty, situated in
the upper part of Watts Street, and extending round by Church
Street to Bolton Street, formed a valuable block of land, and the
church and manse erected thereon, though plain buildings, answered
their purpose well for a number of years ; but the desire to obtain more
modern structures, more centrally situated, induced the congregation to
■dispose of the property, and invest the proceeds in building the large
and prominent stone and brick church in which the congregation now
worships, with the three-storied manse and the commodious schoolroom
attached, forming together a very complete ecclesiastical establishment.

2 76 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Mr. Coutts continued the sole minister of St. Andrew's until the
beginning of 1874, when the Rev. T. A. Gordon was inducted as his
colleague and successor. Some seven or eight years after that, Mr.
Coutts was called away to his rest. Mr. Gordon continued sole pastor
until failing health constrained him to retire. The Rev. James
Crookston, of Toowoomba, Queensland, succeeded in May, 1897, and
under his able ministry the congregation prospered greatly. Mr.
Crookston having accepted a call to Bendigo, in Victoria, in December,
1902, a minister was not settled until the Rev. John I). Brown, a recent
arrival from Scotland, was inducted on 5th August, 1903. Early in
Mr. Brown's ministry, church extension work was begun in the district
of Merewether — a mining suburb south of Newcastle. The Australian
Church, a fine brick building, accommodating about 200 people, was
purchased, and the work quickly developed. By the end of the first
year a congregation of thirty-eight members and sixty-five adherents had
been formed. The membership of St. Andrew's is spread over all
the suburbs of Newcastle.

Elders from initiation of parish: — Messrs. Ewan Macpherson,
William Henderson, Alexander Livingstone, James Boyle, Robert
Turton, James Kilgour, James Wallace, John Miller, Hamilton
Anderson, James W. Scott, George Donald, John Waddell, Alexander
Shedden, Henry Newtown, Hugh Graham, W . Stronach, P. Henderson,
W. Scott, Donald McMichael, John Breckenridge, James Eraser, G. A.
Malloch, Archibald Gardiner, William Downie, and Hugh S.
Thompson.

PATERSON.

This is one of the oldest Presbyterian parishes in the Northern
District. Its origins are veiled in obscurity, but, like many another
parish, Paterson probably owes a good deal to the energy and foresight
of Dr. Lang. The earliest available records go back to the year 1837,
when the Rev. William Ross, M.A., was minister. With the little
township of Paterson as a base, he carried on an extensive work among
the scattered settlers on the Paterson and Williams Rivers. During the
incumbency of Mr. Ross the cause flourished. He was a faithful
pioneer minister, and his name deserves a place among the honoured
ones of our Church. St. Ann's Church, a substantial brick structure,
was erected, and, although fallen into disrepair, is still standing. Mr.
Ross was assisted in tlu' i'^ldersliip !))■ Major b)hnsl(>ne,. and Messrs.
Hugh McMaster and Hector Campbell. Later on the names of Messrs.
David Irvine of Lewisbrook and James Tyrie of (iresRjrd appear on the

PREWYTERY OF THE HUNTER 277

Session Records. In 1847 Mr. Ross accepted a call t<j Cioulljurn, and
■was succeeded, in 1848, by the Rev. Christopher Hipper, who remained
in the district for three years. About this time an exodus of settlers
took place owini,' to the Gtn-ernment ()j)enin^L( up land on the Manning
River, and the Paterson congregations suffered considerably. I'he Rev.
J. B. Laughton, B.A., became minister in 1851, and remained till 1855,
after which the Rev. Thomas Stirton now Dr. Stirton — took up the
work. He laboured here with much accei)tance for about eighteen
years, being translated to Inverell in August, 1873. It was during his
ministry that Mr. Robert Logan took up his residence at Torryburn,
and proved a great strength to the parish. Dr. Stirton is still fondly
remembered by many in the district. The erection of Dungog into a
separate parish, as well as numerous removals from the district, left
Paterson too weak to call a successor, and supply was provided at
Aarious times from Hinton and Dungog, which after a few years was
discontinued altogether and the church was closed. In 1904 the
Presbytery of the Hunter placed Paterson under the jurisdiction of the
AVest Maitland Session, and recent efforts to resuscitate the cause by the
Rev. A. S. McCook, B.A., have been met with encouraging success.
The attendance at services is good, and it is hoped that a new church
■will soon be erected.

SCONE AND ABERDEEN.

The Presbyterians of Scone and Aberdeen were first ministered to as
a se|)arate charge by the Rev. J)r. J. S. Laing, the first minister,
and were afterwards left for a time in the care of Mr. Hugh Hossack,
who laboured diligently in the capacity of catechist. In the year 1873,
tlie Rev. John Ayling was inducted, being translated to Pitt Town in
July, 1885. He was succeeded in December, 1885, by the Rev. Philip
Norman, who still continues to exercise a very successful ministry in
that wide and important district. Theie are neat brick churches in
Scone and Aberdeen, and wooden churches in the Rouchel and Gundy
districts, and three Union churches used by the Presbyterians and
Anglicans There are nine preaching stations to be supplied, and the
minister's usual Sunday work consists of three services, with thirty miles
of travelling. There is a vigorous Sabbath school in Scone, and the
services throughout the district are well attended. In 1892 an
excellent brick manse was erected at a cost of well ingh a thousand
pounds. There is now no debt upon any of the church buildings, the
Centenary Fund proving very helpful in attaiiiing this end. I'he
erection of a new brick church at Scone is contemplated at an early

2 78 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

date. For a brick church at Rouchel jQ^t^x is in hand through the
Centenary Fund. Mr. Norman is much beloved by the flock who enjoy
the benefit of his ministrations. An assistant is much needed for the
satisfactory working of this extensive parish.

Elders: — Messrs. John Miller (Rouchel), John James Dodd,
Kenneth Kennedy, George Percy Hall, James Campbell, Robert H.
Carter, David Hall, and William Trotman Seaward, B.A.

SINGLETON.

The church and manse were built in 1832, on land given by the
late Benjamin Singleton, and by funds half raised by subscriptions, and
half paid from the Public Treasury. The Rev. Irving Hetherington was
the first minister of Singleton, then called Patrick's Plains. Mr.
Hetherington was transferred to the Scots Church, Melbourne, in 1847.
In February of that year he was succeeded by the Rev James S. White,
who passed the examination prescribed for candidates for the ministry
by the Synod of Australia in connection with the Church of Scotland.
Mr. White subsequently graduated M.A. and LL.D. in the University
of Sydney. Dr. White's jubilee was celebrated in 1897 amid gratifying
demonstrations of the affection of his flock and of the esteem in which
he was held throughout the district in which he laboured so long and
so successfully. The church was enlarged in 1870. On the distribution
of the Estate of the late George P. Bowman, of Archerfield, his family
donated the sum of ^1,000 for the purpose of erecting a new church,
which, with interest, now amounts to ^1,800. This sum, together
with a donation of ^1,000 left by the late Alexander Munro, of
Singleton, for church pur[)oses, and interest, has been the means of
enabling the congregation to commence the erection of a large and
handsome church, designed by Messrs. Nixon and Adam, of Sydney
(who have kindly supplied a drawing for insertion in this History),
which will shortly be completed. Dr. \Miite continued to perform all his
parish duties with wonderful energy, until his death on 14th June, 1902,
at the age of eighty-two years his ministry extending over the long
period of fifty-four years. He was elected in 1892 to fill the Chair
of the General Assembly. He was a ripe scholar, an able preacher, a
diligent jiastor, a gentleman of the old sciiool, with dauntless courage.
He manifested a (juenchless zeal in the cause of education, and was a
most public-s|)irited citizen. He was latterly a member of the Council
of Scots College, Sydney. Amid the active work of the ministry, he
kept u[) his academic studies more than most, and achieved not a little

PRESBYTERY OF THE HUNTER 279

in the way of lilfiaiy [)i()ducli()n. His funeral was a public event in
Singleton, and his death was mourned not only by an attached
congregation, but \)\ the whole community. In succession to Dr.
AVhite, the Rev. Robert J. Wallace was translated from Killarney
in Queensland to Singleton, in 1903. An excellent manse was
purchased in 1904, at a cost of ^1,000, towards which Mr. George
Loader, of St. Clair, gave ^250. Mr. James Moore, of (Ireenwood —
one of the earliest and most generous friends of the congregation —
died on 7th .NFarch, 1904, at an advanced age. Shortly before his death
he gave ^100 towards the manse. Several hundreds of pounds were
contributed for the church building by parishioners through the
Centenary Fund. Amongst the old families of the district who were
prominent members of the Church in the early days were the Bowmans
of .Vrcherfield, the McDougalls of Dunolly and Kelso, and Thomas
Barclay of Kelso, the Faulkners of Lairmont, the McDonalds and
Collins of Vere, the Millers of Corinda, the Johnstons of Clydesdale,
the Fawcetts of Glenridding, the Loders of Abbey Green, the Mackays
of Dulcalmuh, the Moores of (jreenwood, the Bowmans of Strowan and
Oaklands, the Duttons of Pelerin, the Waddells of Townhead, the
Grahams of Westbrook, the Shearers, the Barclays, the Campbells, and
many others. Mr. Wallace, receiving a call to St. Enoch's, Newtown,
was translated to that parish in March, 1905.

Elders: — We have only been able to get the Session records from
186S, when Messrs. Andrew McDougall, J. P., and John Johnston, J. P.,
were the elders. In 1886; Messrs. Thomas Henry Moore, Alex. P.
Aitken, and Donald McRae were ordained. Mr. Moore having resigned,
and Mr. McRae not having officiated for some years, the Session at
present consists of Messrs. A. P. Aitken, R. Lang, Wm. Chapman,
M. .V. Anderson, H. S. Austin, John Munro, and J. McLachlan.
Messrs. Lang and McLachlan were admitted by certificate from
Muswellbrook and Afaclean respectively, and the other new elders
were ordained m 1904.

WALLSEND AND WEST WALLSEND.

Wallsend church was built in 1867. It was united with
Lambton under the Rev. Samuel Humphreys as first minister in 1870.
Mr. Hum|)hreys resigned in October, 1872. His successor was the Rev.
C. J. Mood, who included Minmi in the charge. He worked in the
parish for ten years, resigning on 31st May, 1883. The Rev. Philip
Norman succeeded to the pastorate 27th November, 1883. Meanwhile,
Lambton had been detached from Wallsend and joined to Hamilton.

2vSo HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Mr. Norman was called to Scone in 1885, much to the regret of the con-
gregation. The Rev. Ewing J. Thomson next took up the work in April,
1887. He was translated to Euroa, Victoria, in 1891, and the Rev.
David Fulton accepted a call to the vacant charge in 1892. He was
translated to Gulargambone in March, 1894. ^ he succeeding minister
was the Rev. Robert Thomson (now of South Australia), inducted loth
September, 1894, and translated to Victoria in 1896. The Rev. David
Fulton was recalled to Wallsend at the end of 1896, but demitted the
charge in September, 1897. Minmi had meantime grown so as to be able
to stand alone. West Wallsend had grown considerably under the Rev.
R. E. Davies, but he resigned in 1896. Wallsend and West Wallsend
were united in one parish in 1898. The Rev. W. Powell became
minister of the united parish in January, 1899. Mr. Powell resigned
in December, 1904. During Mr. Powell's ministry a handsome brick
church was builtat West Wallsend, which has developed and has petitioned
the Presbytery to be disjoined from Wallsend and to be allowed to
have its own minister. The petition has been granted, and West
Wallsend is now being worked as a separate parish, though no minister
is yet settled either at Wallsend or West Wallsend.

Elders: — Wallsend: Past — Messrs. J. B. Hogg, Walter
Beveridge, David Gardiner, Thomas Davidson, John Campbell, John
Mitchell, David Stephenson, and Robert Hunter. Present — Messrs.
Daniel Sneddon and Walter Mitchell. West Wallsend: Messrs.
David Howie, Henry Davis, and John McGeachie.

PRESBYTERY OF ILLAWARRA

TWO CHURCHES, SCHOOL, AND THREE MANSES

riate s-i

PRESBYTERY OF ILLAWARRA

TWO CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

Plate Sf,

PRESBYTERY OF ILLAWARRA.

ALBION PARK.

The oiiginal name of AH)ion Park was Terry's AFeadows. It
formed part of the Wollongoiig charge under the pastorate of tlie Rev. R.
H. Waugh, M.A., but, in 1888, along willi Dapto and Mount Kembla,
was erected into a parish, to be known as Albion Park. In May, 1888,
the Rev. Richard Miller, B.A. — one of our own students —was
inducted. Mr. Miller still continues to minister to an attached flock.
There are churches and Sabbath schools in all the centres. During
Mr. Miller's pastorate an excellent brick manse has been erected on
five acres of land given by Mr. John Russell, of Croome. It has recently
been cleared of debt. 'I'he need of a new church at Albion Park has
for some time been apparent, and recently Mr. Russell, through the
Centenary Fund, offered two acres of land as a site, and gave ^4°°
towards the building. ^J'hrough the same Fund about £,10 more has
been promised for the same purpose.

Elders: — Transferred from Wollongong Session 1888: Messrs.
William Moles, J. P.; C^eorge McPhail, J.P. (deceased 1905) ; Duncan
McGill (transferred to Grafton Se.ssion); and John Bovard (resigned).
Ordained in Albion Park, November, 1889: Messrs. Archibald McGill;
John Fraser, J. P. (deceased); and William Mathie, J. P. (deceased).
Received from Shoalhaven Session, 1897: Mr. George McDonald, J P.

BERRY.

Berry, formerly known as Broughton Creek, received services in
the early days from Shoalhaven, but in 1878 it was erected into a
separate charge, with these districts associated — Meroo, Coolangatta,
Kangaroo Valley, Kangaroo Mount, Wattamolla, and Cambewarra,
which was disjoined at a later date and added to Shoalhaven. The Rev.
J. W. Dymock was in 1878 inducted as the first minister, and, greatly
beloved, his work was fruitful of good. He was followed, in 1888, by
the Rev. Robert Jackson — scholarly, energetic, and successful — who,
in 1893, was succeeded by the Rev. R. N. Maclean, who only held the

282 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

charge for a tew months; and in 1894 the Rev. Donald McLennan
was inducted. This parish is fairly large, and for its efficient working
involves much travelling. At Berry we have a weatherboard church, and
a large, handsome brick manse, Ijoth recently cleared of debt through
the Centenary Fund. Besides weekly services at the centre, the
minister preaches fortnightly at Meroo, Coolangatta, Kangaroo Valley,
and monthly at Broughton Village, Jasper's Brush, Bundywalla, and
Foxground.

The name of the late David Berry (after whom this town is named)
is not only revered in the town and district, but throughout our Church
(of which he was a staunch member) it has become a household word
by reason of his munificent bequest to the Sustentation Fund. Dr.
Hay is worthily walking in his footsteps, and has built churches to the
memory of Mr. Berry, and has proved a benefactor to our local church,
a courteous, generous, and true friend to his minister. Mrs. Hay
and Mrs. Robertson conduct the Coolangatta Sabbath School ; Mrs.
David Hay is president of the Berry Guild, with Mrs. Bruce as
secretary and Mrs. McLennan, treasurer.

Notwithstanding the exodus of families and the removal of the
heads of families by death, there have been new members added
to the communion roll at every sacrament during Mr. McLennan's
pastorate of eleven years. Mr. McLennan having (April, 1905) accepted
a call to Allora, Queensland, the Rev. David Smith, M.A., late of
Albury, was inducted as his successor on 21st September, 1905.

There are four Elders, namely: — Messrs. James English, Thomas
MacLay, W. Tindell, and W. Tomlins, senr.

HELENSBURGH.

Services in this district were begun by the Rev. Dr. Bruce, as
Convener of the Home Mission Committee, on Sabbath, 30th June, 1901.
The Rev. Donald Ross was the first resident Presbyterian minister,
working on behalf of the Home Mission Committee. During his term
of work, which extended over fifteen months, Mr. Ross by his earnest
and diligent labours established the Presbyterian cause as a living fact
in the district. Services were held temporarily in the School of Arts,
Helensburgh, and in the public halls of Clifton and Otford respectively.

(Grants of sites for church building purposes were soon secured in
Helensburgh and Clifton — in the former case the site being leasehold,
granted by the Metropolitan Coal Company, and in the latter a freehold
allotment, granted by Mr. T. Saywell, who also gave £,'^0 towards a
church building.

PRESBYTERY OF ILLAWARRA 283

From October, 1902, Mr. E. S. Henderson, Divinity student, siii)[)lied
for six months, and by liis earnest labours endeared himself to the
people. He was succeeded for a brief term by the Rev. J. F. Briggs.
On his leaving, the Rev. AV. \V. Craig, M.A., was placed in charge,
and remained there till April, 1905. During his term two churches
were opened, namely, at Helensburgh and Clifton, on the same Sabbath,
15th May, 1904, and the services were conducted by the Right Rev.
Dr. Bruce, INToderator of the Presbyterian (]!hurch of Australia, and
by the Rev. D. Ross, fust minister resident. Besides the church
buildings, organs have been bought or presented in all three centres, so
that in less than three years the Presbyterian cause has been firmly
established in this important district. Mr. \\'illiam Dobbie has now
taken up the work. Steps have lately been taken with a view to raising
the district from a Home Mission to a sanctioned charge.

KIAMA.

In 1837 the Rev. John Tait arrived in the colony, and he was the
first minister to the Presbyterians in the Wollongong and Kiama
district from 1S37 to 1841. Dr. Menzies' barn, at Minnamurra House,
was the first meeting place. Services were also conducted from time to
time by the Rev. C. Atchison, of Wollongong. In 1842 a school church
was erected at Jamberoo, the use of which was granted to ministers of
other Churches. In 1845 Mr. Robert Taylor, a divinity student of the
Free Church of Scotland (now the greatly-esteemed minister emeritus
of Norwood, near London, and an ex-Moderator of the English
Presbyterian Synod), came to the Kiama district, and organised
congregations both at Jamberoo and Kiama. The Disruption of the
Church of Scotland in 1S43 having been followed by a Disruption in
the Synod of Australia in this colony, the people of these districts cast
in their lot with the Free Church party, and waited for a minister from
that Church. The Rev. George Mackie, having arrived from Scotland,
was in October, 1849, ordained at Jamberoo as Free Church minister of
lUawarra and Shoalhaven, with Kiama as its centre. iSut his parish
was too extensive, and by-and-bye portions north and south became
separated, until the charge embraced only Kiama and Jamberoo. In
1857 ^[r. Mackie resigned and went to Victoria, where he did a
splendid work for that Church. He was succeeded by the Rev. Dr.
John Kinross, in December, 1858, who continued the beloved minister
imtil his appointment as Principal of St. Andrew's College in 1875.

Both the Sutton Forest and Berry parishes might be said to be the
fruit of visits paid to them by the minister of Kiama. In 1862 the old

2 84 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Jamberoo church was enlarged, and in the following year a new church
was opened in Kiama. In 1876 the present Jamberoo church was
opened, and in 1898 the Kiama church was completed by the erection
of vestry and spire. In 1876 the Kev, John Wilson, M.A., formerly
minister of Bombala, was inducted as the third minister of Kiama. In
June, 1889, Mr. Wilson, after a pastorate of nearly thirteen years,
resigned, and obtained admission into the Episcopal Church. He was
followed by the Rev. John Burgess, M.A., who was translated from
Maclean and inducted in January, 1890. Mr. Burgess has rendered
valuable service in carrying on the business of the Church. He has had
the honour of occupying the Chair of the Assembly, and at the 1905
Assembly was appointed Assistant Clerk, he having been Convener of
the Business Committee for years. Other parishes have had their eyes
on him, but he has up till recently chosen to abide among the people
who have given ample proof that they esteem and love him. At length,
however, he accepted a call to Marrickville, Sydney, where he was
inducted in August, 1905.

Elders, past and present: — Messrs. James Wallace, Robert
Menzies, L.R.C.P., John Waugh, David Lindsay Waugh, formed the first
Session. Messrs. John Moon, M.D., James G. Wilson, Charles Cameron,
James Colley, John Miller, John Waugh Dymock, William Robb, Joseph
Redford, William Gordon, Emmanuel Shackle, Charles Milne, David
Lindsay Dymock, and William Colley.

SHOALHAVEN.

Prior to the settlement of a minister occasional services were held
in the Shoalhaven district by the Rev C. Atchison, of Wollongong, and
by the Rev. George Mackie, of Kiama. In 1850 the Rev. J. H. Ciarven,
M.A., was settled as the first minister of the district, in connection with
the Established Church of Scotland. His headquarters were at Numba,
where he preached in the quaint iron church which is still used for
services. Mr. Garven laboured in Shoalhaven till 1862, when he left
for the Clarence River. In 1854 the Rev. Wm. Grant, M.A. (afterwards
D. !).), arrived as the representative of the Free Church of Scotland,
and was settled as minister at Terrara, where he preached in a wooden
building, no longer extant. In 1865, the year of the Union of the
Churches, the two congregations were amalgamated, and in 1875 the
present large freestone building was erected in the rising town of
Nowra. iidw the chief town of the district.

PRESBYTERY OE II.I.AU'A RRA 285

Dr. Grant died in 1897, ^c^ed 92, liaving laboured for over forty
years as minister of Shoalhaven, beloved and lamented by men of all
classes and creeds. He was buried amid in)[)ressive demonstrations ol
the honour in which he was held. His name is still a household word
and will not soon be forgotten, either in the Shoalhaven district or on
the Northern Rivers, to which many of his beloved people removed.
"He was greatly esteemed," says the (leneral Assembly's Minute, "by
his brethren for his modest disposition and genial and brotherly spirit.
He was a powerful preacher, a model pastor, and greatly beloved by his
flock and by all who knew him. In labours he was most abundant. A
godly and devout man himself, he was successful beyond most in
diffusing a spirit of piety throughout the whole district in which
he laboured." The Rev. John Kemp Bruce was inducted as colleague
and successor to Dr. Grant in 1891, and remained till 1898, when
he was translated to the new parish of Wahroonga, in the Presbytery
of Sydney. After a vacancy of nine months, the Rev. Robert Inglis,
M.A., was inducted in November, 1898, and still labours with much
zeal and acceptance in the district. In 1892 a very handsome
brick manse was erected at a cost of over ^2,000, and forms
an ornament to the town. The parish is a very extensive one and
contains fifteen preaching stations and as many Sabbath scliools :
Novvra, Numba, Belong, Bomaderry, Cambewarra, Brown's Mountain,
West Cambewarra, Budgong, Burrier, Tomerong, Cabl)age Tree Creek,
Wandandian, Jervis Bay, Pyree, and Green well Point. To aid in
overlooking the work of so large a field the minister has an assistant
associated with him. The Rev. Dr. Grant's first assistant was the
Rev. John Walker, immediately after his being licensed to the ministry
in 1881. He was succeeded by the following: the Revs. J. Goudie,
J. Milne, Messrs. Wm. Dobbie, A. Robertson, A. D. Robertson,
J. C. Gibsjn, and F. L. A. Schloeffel. The following were the original
Elders : — Messrs. Thomas Mackenzie, William Thorburn, and Donald
Munro. Mr. John McArthur, Session Clerk for very many years
and recently deceased, is worthy of special mention as a big-hearted
man, a devoted worker in the Church, and for long years one of the
mainstays of the parish. The Presbyterian element is stronger in
Shoalhaven than in most other districts of the State, and the
congregations, specially on Communion seasons, are very large ; but
there, as elsewhere, the innovating spirit of the age has been making
inroads on the habits of piety, and the good old ways of the fathers.

The following are the properties of the Church in this parish : —
At Nowra, 2 acres and stone church, brick hall and manse ; at Terrara,
3 acres ; at Numba, 2 acres, and an iron church ; at Pyree, i acre ; at

286 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Bomaderry, manse site and weatherboard church ; at Rolong, 'j^ acre
and weatherboard church. It is proposed to build a wooden church
at Wandandian. Only about ^400 debt on all.

In addition to the original Session, the following have occupied
the position of Elders: — Messrs. T. McLaren, J. McPherson, John
Gibson, senr., Thos. Robson, Donald McTavish, John Gibson, junr.,
James Watt, junr., R. McDonald, and A. R. Buckland.

WOLLON(^,ONG.

The lirst minister settled in Wollongong was the Rev. John Tait, who
laboured as pastor of practically the whole of Illawarra from 1837 to
1841. Dapto, Shellharbour, Kiama, Shoalhaven, and probably Appin,
were included amongst his preaching centres. The Rev. George Tait,
M.A., of South Yarra, Melbourne, and the Rev. Lithgow Tait, M.A , of
Coburg, Victoria, are his sons. The second minister settled in Wollon-
gong was the Rev. Cunningham Atchison, who ministered from 1841 to
1864, in connection with the Synod of Eastern Australia. The Rev.
Hugh McKail was minister of Shellharbour and Terry's Meadows (now
Albion Park) from 1854 to 1859, under the Synod of Eastern Australia
The Rev. William Mitchell, M.A., and the Rev. William Chaucer, were
settled in Wollongong, the one for two years (1864 — 1866) and the
other for one year (1866 — 1867). In 1868, Wollongong, in conjunction
with Albion Park, called the Rev. Roger McKinnon, who was inducted
as minister of the united parish, and laboured with nmch acceptance
until 1873, when he accepted a call to Hill End. In 1874 the Rev.
lohn Anthony Stuart (now of Bacchus Marsh, Victoria) was inducted.
He held the pastorate for four years, and was, in 1879, succeeded by
the Rev. Robert Hope Waugh, M.A. Mr. Waugh continued to
minister zealously for fourteen years, and under his pastorate the parish
j)rospered. In 1888 Albion I'ark on the south, with Dapto and Mount
Kembla, was erected into a separate charge Another division was effected
in 1890 on the north side, and a new {)arish, with \Voonoona as centre,
was formed, and the present commodious schoolroom was erected in
Wollongong. Mr. Waugh accepted a call to Neutral l^ay parish, .Sydney,
id March, 1893, and was succeeded in July, 18(^3, by the Rev. Sinijjson
Millar, Ji.A., who held the pastorate with success until June, 1895, ^^'id
he died. The Rev. Andrew Mackay — called from Leichhardt, Sydney —
succeeded Mr. Millar, and held office from 1897 to 1899. On his cleath,
he was succeeded, in August, 1900, by the Rev. C. A. \Vhite, B..\. — a
licentiate of our own Church — who laboured with great energy until

PRESBYTERY OF IIJ.AWARRA 287

March, 1903. Mr. White having been translated to Stanmore, Sydney,
he was succeeded by the Rev I). McKay Barnet, B.A. — another of our
native-born ministers — translated from Narrandera, in August, 1903.

Between 1837 and 1841 the Wollongong church was built, all
except the spire, which was added during the pastorate of the Rev.
Cunningham Atchison. The church occupies a commanding position
in the town. There is a good manse (recently enlarged) with garden
and paddock attached. There are two out-stations, Balgownie and
Unanderra— at each of which places we have churches — a fortnightly
Sabbath service being maintained in each.

Elders at present holding office : — Messrs. John Richardson,
John Chad, William James, James Smith, Alexander Lang, Charles
Dawson, Robert Finlayson, and A. J. Murray.

WOONOONA.

Woonoona was originally part of the Wollongong charge, Ijut in
1890, during the pastorate of the Rev. R. H. Waugh, M.A., it was made
a separate parish, with Corrimal and Robbinsville attached. The Rev.
William Groundwater Fraser was the first settled minister, having
been inducted in October, 1890. He was followed, in February, 1895,
by the Rev. James Lawrie, its present esteemed minister. The present
preaching centres are Corrimal, Woonoona, and Thirroul (late
Robbinsville. We have churches at Woonoona and ("orrimal. Coal
mining is the main support of this district.

Elders: — Mr. James McKay (deceased), the Rev. J. W. Dymock
(removed to North Sydney), Messrs. T. C. Hamilton (now of Shell-
harbour), A. S. Arlis (died June, 1905), and John Myles, the sole
remaining elder.

PRESBYTERY OF THE LACHLAN.

CONDOBOLIN.

This district was originally part of the parish of Forbes, and was
regularly visited by the Rev. A. A. Aspinall, B.A., until it was
formed into a new parish.

In 1880 the Rev. Gavin Malcolm was translated from Carcoar to
Condobolin, and was the first settled minister. He was succeeded
in September, 1889 (though not inducted till 12th January, 1892),
by the Rev. George Keith, M.A., recently arrived from Scotland,
who was the first minister resident in Condobolin. In 1895 the old
Condobolin Station house was acquired as a manse, which has a fine
orchard and ten acres of river frontage-land attached. Mr. Keith still
continues to labour with zeal and acceptance in that wide field. There
is a substantial church in Condobolin, built when the Rev. A. A.
Aspinall was minister of Forbes. An excellent brick church was
opened at Warroo in 1896, and this year (1905) a handsome
church was completed at Euabalong. There is no debt on any
of the properties. We have joint ownership with the Church of
England in the church at Marsdens, built in 1892, and have acquired
the right to use several suitable buildings in every part of the district

There are various preaching centres — some at great distances —
where service is regularly maintained. These include: Euabalong,
Cudgellico, Mowabla, Melrose, Uobadah, Norih Condobolin, Derriwong,
Milby, Birrank, and Warroo.

The Ei.DKRS are: — Messrs. R. Morton, W. Maitland, J. T. Gavel,
E. H. Henderson, and J. Edgar. Mr. David Scott was an elder till
his lamented death in 1904.

PRESBYTERY OF THE LACHLAN

THREE CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

Plate sS

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

TWO PORTRAITS, FIVE CHURCHES, AND A MANSE

(Photographs receiued too late for classificntlor}).

Plate S6

PRESBYTERY OF MONARO

SIX CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

Plate .sV

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

'"s

i , <

r ,

i

c

MINISTERIAL MEMBERS OF THESE PRESBYTERIES, 1905

Ptatt> •<s

PRESBYTERY OF THE LACHLAN 289

FORBES.

In the early days, services were conducted in the Forbes district
by various ministers and agents of the Home Mission Committee until
1874, the year in which the Rev. A. A. Aspinall, B.A., was inducted as the
first settled minister. By his zealous labours the parish was organised,
buildings erected, and the congregational machinery brought into a
condition of healthful activity. He was the pioneer of the Lachlan,
travelled much, and took great interest in the outlying settlers, and
specially in the welfare of the young men of his wide parish. He
remained till 1887, when he was translated to Redfern, Sydney,
and subsequently became first Principal of the Scots College, which is
prospering so well under his care. He was followed by the Rev.
J. H. Craig, M.A., in June, 1888, who held the pastorate till March, 1897,
when he resigned. He was succeeded in May by the Rev. \V. M.
Smith, M.A., who, in September, 1898, was translated to Balmain
West. The Rev. T. D. Evans was inducted in March, 1899, and in
February, 1902, was translated to Mudgee. The present minister, the
Rev. George Paul, was, in May, 1902, translated from Grenfell.

The church is a handsome stone building, with stained glass
memorial windows, and is seated for 250 people. It stands on a
commanding site of three roods, in the centre of the town ; it cost
;^2,ooo and is out of debt. There is a weatherboard schoolroom
adjoining the church. The manse is a substantial modern brick cottage
of seven rooms, and stands in five roods of ground on Camp Hill,
three-quarters of a mile from the church. It was built in 1902, and cost
jQtoo, of which ^350 has still to be paid.

Forbes is the centre of a wide district, which furnishes ample scope
for Mr. Paul's zealous labours. The out-stations are Budgerabong,
Eugowra, and Lachlan Gold Fields.

Elders: — Ordained 1874: Messrs. James Twaddell (died 1891),
John Wood (died 1904), William McNichol, Roderick M. Eraser (died
1877); 1878: James Jardine; 1891: W^illiam Wilson, the Hon. Thomas
Brown, M.P.; 1896: Mr. Roderick McKenzie.

PARKES.

Parkes was originally a goldfield, known as The Bushman's, Ijut
after twelve months the name was changed to Parkes, after the
well-known Australian statesman.

The first minister who visited the place was the Rev. A. A.
Aspinall from Forbes. Service was held in Mr. R. McBurney's store, which
was in process of erection. A committee of Presbyterians having been

2 90 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

formed, a building was purchased in the town, which, though it was ofa
very primitive and humble description, sufficed for services for a time.
As the Methodists had no church, they approached the Presbyterians
with a proposal that both Churches should unite in building a Union
Church, to be used alternately by these two Churches.

The Rev. George Sutherland, D.D., of St. George's Church, Sydney,
having paid a visit to Parkes, induced the people to connect themselves
with the Church which he represented — ^the Presbyterian Church of
Eastern Australia — and promised to send supply. Supply was accordingly
sent, and Messrs. Hamilton, Livingstone, and Hill maintained service for
six or seven years. But in the meantime debt was accumulating, and
the Bank having pressed its claim for payment of the overdraft, the
Presbyterians sold out their interest to the Methodists. While the
Presbyterian cause had thus fallen into a disorganised and depressed
condition, the Rev. J. M. Ross visited the district, and the result was
that the P.ev. T. W. Smythe (who had been settled there as our minister
in February, 1890) resigned, and the charge was supplied by agents of the
Home Mission Committee until the Rev. W. Finlay Brown was called
and inducted in 1899. A manse has been built, and by the acceptable
ministry and praiseworthy efforts of Mr. and Mrs. Brown the parish has
been brought into a prosperous and progressive condition. The
communicants now number 100 as against 4 when the Session was
formed.

The preaching stations are Parkes (which is the centre), Alectovvn,
Peak Hill, Burrill, Bullock Creek, Curra, Cook's Myalls, Deep Lead,
Bogan Gate, Gunningbland Siding, Welcome, and Coobang.

Sites for churches have been secured at Bogan Gate, Burrill, Curra,
(iunningiland Siding, and Bullock Creek. It is hoped that churches
will be erected at these centres soon. There are Presbyterian churches
at Parkes and Alectown.

Elders: — The first Session was formed in November, 1892, by
authority of the Lachlan Presbytery, consisting of the Rev. T. W. Smythe,
minister, and Mr. G. F. Giles (formerly of Culcairn) and Mr. H. Mclnnes,
elders. Li August, 1903, Mr. Mclnnes left the district, and in March,
1904, Messrs. D. McDonald and H. E. Hodgkinson became elders.
At the end of that year the latter left the district, so that now only
Messrs. Giles and McDonald remain in office.

I

PRESBYTERY OF MONARO.

BEGA.
Bega formed part of the original Twofold Bay parish, which
extended from Cobargo on the north to the Victorian Ijorder on the
south. In this extensive field the first minister settled was the Rev. Colin
R. Greig, who remained till 1864, when he resigned. He was followed
by the Rev. Alexander Boddie, the charge meanwhile having been trans-
ferred from the Presbytery of lUawarra to that of Sydney, on account of
the greater facilities for travelling. Mr. Boddie's pastorate extended to
1867. After a somewhat prolonged vacancy, the Rev. William
Thorn, ALA. (son-in-law of the late Sir Henry Parkes, K.C.M.G.), was
inducted in 1869 and held the pastorate till 1872. In his time the
church in Bega was erected. The Rev. William Baker laboured for a
period of about six years in the district in connection with the Church
Extension Committee, and in 1879 was duly inducted as minister and
held the pastorate till 1884, when he retired from active service,
retaining the position of senior minister. He died on 28th January,
1905. The following year the southern portion of the field was erected
into a separate charge, leaving as the constituent portions of the Bega
parish : — Bega, Wolumla, Candelo, Brogo, and Cobargo. After an
interval of four years, during which supplies were received from head-
(juarters, the Rev. J. J. F. L. Fergusson, M.A., recently arrived from
Scotland, was ordained and inducted in February, 1888, and ministered
till 1891, when he resigned. He was succeeded in July, 1891, by the
Rev. Donald McLennan, during whose ministry of nearly three years
the manse was built. He was followed by the Rev. Matthew
Kirkpatrick, B.A., inducted in November, 1894. During his
pastorate several preaching centres were added to the list, viz. : —
Bemboka, Kameruka, Tantawanglo, and Wallagoot ; and Cobargo is
jiow, tentatively, part of Moruya parish. A neat new church w.is

292 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

erected at Wolumla in 1904, almost free of debt, and money is
in hand for a school hall at Tantawanglo ; and a sum of money
has been subscribed for the purchase of land for church purposes,
at Bemboka. Considerable improvements were also done to the
manse property. A new parish will ere long be started in the north
end of the field, extending from Cobargo to Murrah, and embracing a
number of important centres.

Of debt on the buildings there might be said to be almost none.
A very considerable sum was subscribed through the Centenary Fund
towards clearing the debt on the manse. The district is throughout a
progressive one, and the prospects of the parish are of the brightest.

In February, 1904, the Rev. M. Kirkpatrick accepted a call ta
Lismore, after over nine years of earnest and fruitful work, and he was
succeeded in June, 1904, by the Rev. John IMuir, recently arrived froni
Scotland.

Preaching St.\tions at present: — Sunday services: Bega,
Wolumla, South Wolumla, Candelo, Brogo. Week-night services :
Wolumla, South Wolumla, Back Creek, Double Creek, Wallagoot,
Settlement, and Bemboka.

Elders : — Messrs. W. Murray, E. Hughes, John Mofifitt, and
W. J. Cunningham (session clerk). Committee of Management: —
Messrs. C. J. Cunningham (hon. secretary), F. J. Filmer (hon.
treasurer), H. Hughes, W. Watson, P. Eraser, W. Weatherhead, C
Reynolds, J. L. Scholes, R. Hart, and J Pearce.

BOMBALA.

Occasional services appear to have been supplied to Bombala at a
very early date, but the first minister settled in the district was the Rev.
A. C. Geikie (afterwards Dr. Geikie). He arrived in 1861, and shortly
thereafter was inducted into his first Australian charge at Bombala.
After a brief pastorate he was translated to Bowenfels. He was followed
at Bombala by the Rev. Colin R. Greig, who held the pastorate for
several years, from May, 1864, till March, 1872. In 1873 he was
succeeded by the Rev. John Wilson, M.A., who in 1876 was translated
to Kiama. In 1878 the Rev. William Gardner was translated froni
Yass to Bombala. In 1895 Mr. Gardner retired, and was followed by
the Rev. A. G. Michie, who, after an earnest ministry, died suddenly on
the Delegate road. The present minister, the Rev. J. H. G. Auld, B.A.
(eldest son of the Rev. John Auld, M.A , of Ashfield), was inducted
in 1902, and under his ministry the parish is prospering.

PRESBYTERY OF MONARO 293

The parish is some sixty miles long. There are three churches —
one of stone at Bomhala, one of brick at Bibhenluke, and one of wood
at Delegate — with sittings for 500. The foundation stone of the first
Bombala church was laid by Captain Campbell of Cambelong, a
staunch Presbyterian. There is a manse, with twenty acres of glebe.
There are sixteen preaching stations, at which service is statedly main-
tained— regularly at seven centres and occasionally at nine. Under the
energetic ministry of Mr. Auld the parish is in a very healthy and
progressive condition. In connection with the Centenary Fund some
;^5oo has been subscribed for a new and more central church site
(which has been purchased facing the bridge joining the two parts
of the town) and for the removal and enlargement of the church. This
is about to be gone on with.

Preaching Centrks: — Bombala, Delegate, Bibbenluke, Cathcart,
Mila, Tiptree, \\^ilIow Glen, Craigie, Saucy Creek, Delegate River,
Bendoc, Tombong, Cambalong, Tinganingi, Belview, and Bondi.

Elders (so ftxr as known): — Messrs. John Rutherford (recently
deceased), John R Robbie (deceased), James H. Hogg (now in Eden
parish). Present Session : Messrs. Donald Campbell, J. P , Donald
Rankin, John B. Campbell, Wm. Oliver, Thomas Oliver, and Joseph
Thomas.

COOMA.
About the year 1865 the Presbyterians of Cooma started a
movement to obtain the services of a settled pastor The Rev. William
Baker, afterwards minister of Bega, having visited the district, was
called and inducted, and remained till 1872. His residence and
principal church were at Round Plain, about twenty-five miles from
Cooma A cluster of influential Presbyterian families rendered it the
most important centre in those days. A church was built and opened
by the Rev. William Ross, M.A., of Goulburn, who preached in Gaelic
as well as in English. After the Rev. William Baker's demission, services
were held from time to time as supply could be obtained. But in 1877
negotiations were opened with the Rev. J. H. Archibald of Taralga, with
the result that, early in the year 1878, Mr. Archibald was translated
from Taralga to Cooma and became the first minister to reside there.
Mr. Archibald remained five years, doing a good work and winning
great regard throughout Monaro. On his resignation he was followed
by the Rev. Evan Bissett, who held the pastorate from 1882 to March,
1885. In January, 1886, the Rev. George Hay was inducted, and left
in June, 1890. He was followed by the Rev. James Marshall in October,

294 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

1890, who laboured eaniL-stly till Decernber, 1893. Among the
preachers who subsequently officiated was the Rev. N. E. Paterson,
who was killed by a fall from his horse, after conducting service at
Maffra church, near Cooma. For years thereafter Cooma had no settled
minister, but eventually the Rev. W. A. S. Anderson, B.A., was called and
inducted in December, 1897, and did good work until translated to
Bowenfels in February, 1900. He was succeeded in October, 1900,
by the Rev. John H. Craig, M.A., who formerly rendered efficient
service as pastor, first of Blayney and afterwards of Forbes. Mr,
Craig was translated, after an earnest and vigorous pastorate, to
Moss Vale in September, 1904, and the parish is now being supplied
by the Home Mission Committee. Coon:;a having been found too
large a district for one man, it was, in 1885, sub-divided and a new
parish formed under the name of West Monaro. At present the
Cooma parish includes Cooma, Berridale, Maffra, Bungarby, Nimity-
belle, Governor's Hill, Bredbo, and Kelton Plains

In 1887 a property of fifteen acres with a house on it, two miles
from Cooma, was purchased for a manse, but subsequently all of this
was sold except six acres with the house, which is at present let until
it can be sold, permission having been obtained from the General
Assembly. In 1891 a commodious brick manse was erected adjoining
the church, under the pastorate of the Rev. J. Marshall. In 1879
tenders were accepted for the building of a church to cost ^1,545-
The church was opened in 1882. It is a handsome, prominent
building, built of granite, with spire containing bell and clock. 'I here
is a weatherboard church at Maffra, and a substantial stone church at
Berridale; sites have also been secured at some of the other preaching
centres. Special mention must be made of two worthy elders of the
church, the late Mr. William Jardine, of Curry ]'1at Station, Nimity-
belle, and Mr. John C. Ryrie, of Maffra Station, to whose loyalty and
liberality the progress of the Church throughout the district has been
largely due. Up to three years ago this parish was crippled with debt,
but through the o[)erations of the Centenary Fund nearly ^1,000 has
been i)aid off, Mr. J. C". Ryrie, junr., donating 500 guineas to the
fund f(jr that purpose Mr. Ryrie is son of the late Mr. William
Ryrie, who, as we learn from the Rev. Dr. R. Hamilton's History of
ilte Presbyterian Church of Victoria, was one of the five first Trustees
of the first Presbyterian congregation in Melbourne founded in 1838.

Eldkk.s: — Among those who have served the Church as elders in
this parish are: — Messrs. — Carter, — Oliver, John McPhie, Wm.
Beattie, Wm. Jardine, John C Ryrie, junr., Richard Evans, and
iJaniel Roberts.

PRESBYTERY OF MONARO 295

KDEN.

luieii formed pari of what was originally the Twofold Hay parish.
This covered a large territory, including in addition to Eden, Bega,
Pamhula and other centres. The ministers whose names are associated
with the charge in its undivided state are the Revs. Colin R. Greig,
A. C. Doddie, William Thorn, M.A., and William Baker. Prior to its
separation from Bega, Eden was for a lime supplied by Mr. James
Morrison, catechist, who up to the year 1904 continued zealously to supply
Bermagui and Tilha. Towards the q\\<\ of 1885 the Presbytery of
Monaro erected Eden, with Pambula and Merimbula, into a se[)arate
parish; and in December of that year the Rev. J. L. Forbes,
M.A., B.D., was ordained and inducted. The church at Eden
is a substantial brick building on a stone foundation. It was
opened on 26th May, 1866, and was the first church built
after ihe Union. Some thirty years after the erection of the
church, the site was claimed by a representative of the original
purchaser of the allotment. The claimant demanded ;^i2o in
satisfaction of his claim. Rather than go to law, with all the risks
attaching to it, the whole amount was generously paid by Mr. A.
Weatherhead, of Nangutta, who died two or three years ago at the age
of ninety-one. Since the settlement of Mr. Forbes, wooden churches
have been erected at Wyndham and at Pambula. Subscriptions have
also been received, through the Centenary Fund, for the erection of
churches at Burragate and Towamba. There is neither manse nor
glebe. Besides the main ce-ntre, there are some seventeen other [)laces
in which services, more or less frequent, are held. It is a rough country
and the charge is a laborious one, and much credit is due to Mr. Forbes
for the self-denying energy with which he carries on the work.

Preaching Centres : — Eden, Pambula, Merimbula, Rocky Hall,
Wyndham, Burragate, Lochiel, Towamba, Kiah, Perico, Nangutta,
Bondi, Wog \Vog, Timbilica, YambuUa, Mallacoota, Genoa River, and
Wongrahcll. The last three places are in the State of Victoria.

Elders : — Messrs William John Moorhead, Charles George
Kebby, and Armstrong Lockhart Munn.

MORUVA.
.V visit from the Rev. Dr. Lang, in 1862, gave the first impulse to
the starting of the Moruya parish. Tlirough his instrumentality an
excellent site for church, manse, and school was obtained in the
township of Moruya. Service was held in the Court House until the
church was erected. The Rev. Patrick Fitzgerald was, in the year
186^. inducted as the first minister of the parish, which extended from

296 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Nerrigundah to UlladuUa. He remained pastor until, in 1870, he was
translated to Windsor. He was succeeded by the Rev. James ]\I. Innes,
who was inducted in 1878. He was followed in 1883 by the Rev.
J. H Archibald, who was inducted, and continued pastor until 1897,
when he retired, owing to increasing infirmity. He and his wife were
very greatly esteemed. The present minister, the Rev. J. D. Murray,
was inducted in 1898. The parish now embraces twelve preaching
centres, extending from Cobargo on the south to Nelligen on the north,
viz., Moruya, Coila, Bateman's Bay, Nelligen, Nerrigundah, Cobargo,
Tilba Tilba, Bodalla, Eurobodalla, Wagonga, Tomaka, and Mogo.
Occasional services are also held at Dignam's Creek, Narovma, Dunas
Lake, and Moruya Heads. Through the energetic labours of Mr.
Murray the whole of this large area is supplied. The manse and
the churches at Moruya, Bateman's Bay, and Nerrigundah are of wood,
while at Coila a brick church cemented was opened in 1904 l)y
the Rev. John Walker, practically free of debt.

List of Elders from formation of parish : — Messrs. Robert
Anderson, John McLitosh, Peter Small, Robert Spear, Benjamin
Knappett, James R. Lamont, James Mercer, Henry Anderson, Thomas
McLean, and Duncan T. Mcintosh,

WEST MONARO.

The first church built in this district was that at Round Plain, and
the Rev. William Baker was the first to officiate in it. The property
consists of a substantial stone church, standing on a two-acre allotment,
granted by the late Mr. Wm. Jardine, and in addition five acres for
manse and glebe. At Adaminaby — the chief town — there is a stone
church, the foundation of which was laid by Mrs. A. K. McKeahnie, of
Rosedale Station, her husband being the chief contributor. Fhe cost
was ;^30o. These two churches are together capable of seating 240
worshippers. They are Presbyterian Church property, and free of debt.
Mr. A. D. Robertson did much towards clearing the debt off Adaminaby
while he was in cliarge

At Jindabyne there is a Union Church, where monthly services
are held by the Presbyterians in their turn. Monthly services are also
held at Spring Vale and Willow (jrove. Occasional services are
conducted at Snowy Plain, Kiandra, Dry Plain, Yaouk, and Boobyang.

This field is occupied by an agent of the Home Mission
Committee, whose labours are extended over a territory within a
radius of thirty miles from tlie centre. In 1905 the Presbytery
re-united this parish with ('ooma, and it is to be worked t)y an
assistant.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

REV. J. CLOW AND DR. CAIRNS, AND VICTORIAN MINISTERS

WHO HAVE HELD PARISHES IN RIVERINA

Plate s:t

PRESBYTERY OF THE MURRUMBIDGEE

THREE CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

Plate no

PRESBYTERY OF THE MURRUMBIDGEE.

BALRANALD AND MOULAMEIN.

Balranald was for many years connected with the Victorian Church,
and among the ministers who occupied the field in these days may be
mentioned the Rev. James Groundwater. Since it became attached to
the New South Wales Church, the first minister who appears on the list
is the Rev. Alexander Hardie, settled in 1887. Called to Tasmania, lie
was followed in 1890 by the Rev. James MacAndrew, M.A. After him
came the Rev. A. G. Michie, in 1894, and he was succeeded in 1900
by the Rev. J J. Jennings, who resigned in 1904, after faithful work in
trying times, amid stringent drought conditions. Since then his place
has been taken first by Mr. J. McMurtrie, and then by Mr. George
T. Hughes, who has been in this parish since January, 1905.

There is at Balranald a tasteful wooden church, with seating
accommodation for 150. It has, however, an embarrassing debt.
With Balranald, Moulamein — fifty-five miles off — is associated, where
there is also a wooden church capable of holding 100. There are
fourteen out-stations which receive monthly visits, including recently,
Euston, which is really part of the Wentworth parish — too long
neglected by our Church, since the Rev. R. Johnston Smith used to visit
there. The working of such a parish involves a vast amount of
travelling, but it is our Church's work, as most of the land-owners are
our own people. There are some very superior homesteads, though
they are generally far apart.

Balranald is the centre of the parish. The preaching stations
around are Canally, recently owned by Mr. Alexander Lawrence, whose
wife is a niece of the late Sir James MacBain ; Paika, owned by the
late Mr. Peter Macpherson, loyal and generous for thirty years past,
whose son, Mr. Walter A. Macpherson, is following in his father's
footsteps and is the most liberal supporter of the Church there to-day.
Oxley township is sixty miles away.

298 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Moulainciii is the largest, preachiiig centre next to Balranald.
Twenty years ago it was a self-sustaining charge, having its own resident
minister— the Rev. A. McNicol being inducted in 1878 and resigning
in 1880. The Rev. J. Groundwater was minister from 1882 to 1884,
his parish including Balranald. In those days the late Messrs. Thomas
I.inton, John MacVean of Mooloomoon, Grant and Childe of
Cunninyeuke, T. Armstrong of Noorong, — Mein of Moolpa, and
— Turner of Nyang, were the outstanding supporters, and while they
lived there was no lack of funds. They have all passed away, but at
Noorong Mr. J. Armstrong still supports the Church of his fathers.

The Presbyterian stations around Moulamein are : — Nyang
(Senator Simon PVaser), Windouran (Mr. Alex. McBean), Woorooma
East (Mr. Alex. Stevenson), Woorooma West (Mr. E. Bailliere),
Noorong (Mr. J. J. Armstrong), Cunninyeuke (Messrs. Grant and
Childe), Moolpa (Mr. P. Mein), and Eyle Park (Mr. W. Robb). In order
to give each preaching centre a fortnightly service and visit the stations
once a month, the minister had to travel five thousand miles a year by
road.

BERRIGAN— FINLEY.

The township of Berrigan, which started into existence about the
year 1888, is in the centre of a large agricultural district. It formed, at
first, part of the Jerilderie charge, but in 1894 it was constituted a
separate parish. Various preachers were sent by the Home Mission
Committee to supply ordinances, of whom Mr. John Valentine, student
for the ministry, remained the longest and was most successful It was
through his efforts that the excellent brick church was built. His early
death was much lamented, and a porch was added to the church at
Berrigan as a Memorial. The first settled minister was the Rev.
Alexander McLennan, who was inducted in January, 1900, and
translated in the following year to Korumburra, in Victoria. The Rev.
John Joy Thorp, who succeeded him, was inducted in November, 1902,
and is the present minister.

The Berrigan church will seat 200 worshippers. A good site
adjoining has been purchased for a manse, and a considerable sum was
subscribed for site and manse during a visit of the Rev. John \Valker.
The principal [)reaching centres outside Berrigan are Finley, Savernake,
Daysdale, Langunya, Myrtle Park, and Waugamong. The district is a
prosperous one A large number of the leading landowners are Presby-
terians. The Drummonds, now of Lockhart, did good service here.

The office-bearers are : — Berrigan : Messrs. J. Pylc, J. Jones,
William Pyle (central treasurer), J. A. McConaghy (central secretary),,

PRESBYTERY OF THE M UA'R UAf/UDGEE 299

A. Dalgleish, A. Robertson, R. Gardiner, R. McGeoch, J. Marcus,
J. Jolmston, I), Gillespie, R. Temp'eton, I). Dickie, and I). Beattie.
At Finley : Messrs. C. McAllister, W. Blair, J. Blair, and W. Kirkland.
At Savernake: Messrs. W. \V. Killen and A. J. McDougall.

DENir.lQUIN.

The I)enili(.[uin parish belonged originally to the Victorian
Church, and was supplied by ministers of that Church. The first in
the field was the Rev. Peter Mercer, D.D., who in 1865 took the
oversight of this district for some four years, and rendered good service
amid many disadvantages. In 1872 he was succeeded by the Rev D.
Shanks, who carried on the work till his death, in 1873. He was followed
b)- the Rev. F. Souter in 1876, by whom steps were taken for the
building of a church. The result was that in that year the first
Presbyterian church in the Deniliquin district was completed, and in
due time opened for worship by Dr. Mercer, the cost being ^1,700.
Mr. Souter resigned in 1878, when the Rev. James Macarthur was called
and inducted. He continued to minister until 1882, but ultimately
resigned and went over to the Church of England. He was followed
in 1883 by the Rev. W. M. Mackie, and during his incumbency a manse
was built at a cost of ^900. Up till this time the Denilicjuin parish
was in connection with the \^ictorian Church, but now the New South
Wales Church took it over, and Mr. Mackie, being desirous of main-
taining his connection with. the Victorian Church, resigned in 1885.
After a considerable vacancy, the Rev. David Allan was inducted in
1889. He laboured with much acceptance, and during his ministry
a splendid school-house was built, the gift of Mr. Alexander Landale
of Wandook Station. In 1899 Mr. Allan resigned, and was succeeded
in January, 1900, by the Rev. Robert Welsh, who did excellent work
until his demission on 31st March, 1905.

The Presbyterian Church establishment in Deniliquin is very
complete and imposing. Church, manse, and school are all handsome
buildings, standing on an extensive site in a central and commanding
position. There is no debt on the property, owing largely to the
liberality of Mr. A. Landale (the son of a Church of Scotland minister),
who — along with his brother Robert (recently deceased)— has always
taken a great interest in the Presbyterian Church. The parish has a
yearly income of some ^500, and is able to pay a stipend of ;j^3oo
per annum. There are six elders and th'rleen managers. There are
eight outside preaching centres, most of them twenty-five miles from
Deniliquin. The parish is well organised and prosperous.

300 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Elders: — Messrs. William McKenzie (deceased), James ^\'atson,
Henry Mathewson, John Kelly, Robert Hunter Landale, James
Robertson, and Peter Sinclair.

HAY.

Services were started at Hay in the year 1868 by the Rev. S. A.
Hamilton, who was sent up l)y the Victorian Church. The district
over which Mr. Hamilton ministered embraced the whole of the north-
western portion of Riverina, extending as far as Wilcannia and the
district west of the Darling, in which the town of Broken Hill now
stands. The ministry of Mr. Hamilton was continued until 1887, when
the parish was transferred to the Presbyterian Church of New South
Wales, within which State it lies. Mr. Hamilton was followed in 1888
by the Rev. John Mcintosh, M.A., who held the pastorate for two
years, when he went to Victoria, where he has a parish. To him, in 1891,
succeeded the Rev. Wm. Robertson, M.A., who was greatly esteemed,
and retained the pastorate for nine years. On his retirement in 1899,
the Rev. Richard Jennings was inducted in November of that year, and
was the esteemed pastor until May, 1905, when he resigned. Under
the faithful ministry of Mr. Jennings the parish prospered, despite
the recent disastrous years of drought.

The church at Hay was erected during the pastorate of Mr.
Hamilton. It is a brick church of picturesque appearance, with tower
and steeple, and has accommodation for 150. It was opened in 1872
by the late Rev. Dr. Nish, of Bendigo, who encountered some rough
experiences on his way thither. A brick manse was built in South Hay
in 1875, on a site of two acres granted by the Crown. A school hall of
wood was erected at the rear of the church in 1892. \\'ilcannia,
Hillston, and Narrandera, formerly connected with Hay, have now
become separate charges, but Carrathool still forms part of the Hay
parish. There a neat wooden church was erected in 1884, and regular
monthly services are held.

Elders: — The first kirk session consisted of Mr. W. Threikeld,
J. P., who had been originally ordained in Scotland, Mr. John (lordon,
road superintendent, and Mr. D. M. Mackenzie. Mr. Threikeld died
in 1889, Mr. Gordon has left the district, and Mr. Mackenzie resigned
about sixteen years ago. On 12th July, 1891, Messrs. John Andrew,
J. P., Robert Ciibson, J. P., Joseph Hews, and John Johnston, J. P., were
ordained. Tne first-named resigned about 1893, and has since died.
Mr. Hews is session clerk.

FRESH YTEKY OF TlHi Afl' RRUAI JUDGEE 301

HII.LSTON-GUNl'.AR.

The parisli of Hillstoii was inaugurated in llie year 1888. 'I'lie
work was carried on l)y the following ministers, who supplied as
Home Mission agents: -The Revs. W. F. Brown, J. Davidson, VV. F.
Craigie, J. McKee, and J. McAndrew, M.A. In July, 1893, the Home
Mission Committee sent the Rev. J. J. Jennings, when he was called to be
the first settled minister, and was inducted in February, 1894. Hillston
is situated on the Lachlan River, 500 miles west from Sydney. It is a
large pastoral centre, and in those days all the large stations were owned
by Presbyterians. Besides the town of Hillston, in which services were
held fortnightly, regular services were conducted at the following
preaching places: — Mossgiel, sixty-five miles north. Alma Station,
sixty-five miles west, Gunhar Station and farming centre, forty-five
miles south, Bunda farming centre, twenty-five east, (lunbar was the
most important congregation, most of the large families being
Presbyterians, while Gunbar Station, the largest in that part, was
owned by the late Mr. John Armstrong, an esteemed elder of our
Church and a member of one of the best-known Presbyterian families
of pastoralists in Victoria and Riverina. In order to supj)ly ordinances
regularly to these distant preaching centres Mr. Jennings had to travel
5,000 miles every year, travelling during the five and a quarter years of
his ministry 28,000 miles within the parish.

Mr. Jennings demitted the charge in December, 1899, on account
of its l^eing drought-stricken. No minister followed for six months j
then the Rev. James Adamson, M.A., was sent, but only remained a few
months. He was followed by Mr. J. E. Moffatt, Home Mission agent,
who remained until February, 1905, when the Rev. Alan McDougall,
M.A., took charge. Within the outer circle of the parish the following
stations and homesteads were long visited every month :— Mooral (A.
MacKay), Vieta (H. J. Carr), Merri Merrigal (J. Broatch), Willandra
(A. Laird), St. Andrew's (A. J. Rathie), Ravensfield (Wilson Bros.),
Alma Station (Lewis Bell), Angora (G. Turner), Merungle (D. TuUy),
Cowl Cowl (C. V. Reid), Camp Plain (J. Varcoe), Gunbar Station
(J. Armstrong) and twelve homesteads on Gunbar, Audreylea (T.
Bennett). Mount Hope was included, and services held during 1902-3
Mooral (Capper Webb) is now one of our centres. This district is far
too large for any one man to work, and it should be provided with an
ordained minister and an assistant. The only elder living is Mr. John
Gibson, senr.

JERILDERIE.

In the early days, Jerilderie and adjacent districts had to depend
on Victoria for ministerial supply Among those who lal)oured in these
districts were the Rev. Dr. Mercer and the Rev. W. B. Hutchison, M.A.

302 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

The latter was inducted into the charge of Urana cum Jerilderie in
1872, resigning the next year. Services were also conducted by the
Rev. Cuthbert Featherstonhaugh (Church of England) and the Rev. J.
B. Gribble (Congregational) and of these services the Presbyterians were
glad to avail themselves until a niimster of their own Church could be
obtained. In September, 1880, the Rev. John Dykes was inducted as
first minister of Jerilderie parish. In 1884 a handsome brick church
was erected, costing ^1,000. To this the late Mr. David McCaughey
of Coree Station was the largest contributor. The name of Mr.
McCaughey deserves to be held in enduring honour among us, for the
loyal-hearted zeal he uniformly displayed on behalf of our Presbyterian
cause. In 1883 a neat wooden church was built at Argoon. In
1887 the "Thomas Fulton Memorial Church" was erected at what is
now known as North Finley. At Wilson, on Yanko Creek, a building
which had been erected for school purposes was, in 1881, enlarged to
serve the purpose of a school-church. .And at Broome, in 1882, a
building was erected to serve the double purpose.

Shortly after the settlement of Mr. Dykes a movement was
initiated for the erection of a manse. The fact that within about
twelve months the manse was completed at a cost of slightly over
^1,000, and paid for, was mainly owing to the donations of the follow-
ing gentlemen : — The brothers David and Sir Samuel McCaughey,
M.L.C. (Goolgumbla), their uncle, Sir Samuel Wilson (Yanko), Mr.
•G. F. Simpson (Nowranie), Mr. W. Peterson and Sir Frederick Sargood
(Warnamurra). To these gentlemen or their heirs and representatives
the Church has been, and is, largely indebted for steadfast su[)port.
Of others who have given hearty assistance a large list might be
mentioned, but space forbids. We cannot, however, pass over the
names of two ladies : Mrs. G. F. Simpson, of Nowranie, and the late
Mrs. Thomas Fulton, of Springfield. We should also mention Mr.
Edward Killen, Carneraig, Mr. Alex. Wilson, formerly of Coree, and
M.L.A. for the district, Messrs. Wm. and Robert Ross (Argoon) and
S. Wilson (Carrah). Mr. Dykes still carries on his good work in this
wide and important field, the [)resent year completing the twenty-fifth,
or semi-jubilee term, of his pastorate.

Preachinc; Centres. — Jerilderie, Argoon, Broome, Wilson,
Mairjimmy, and Finley. The Berrigan district — for many years part of
the Jerilderie parish — is now a separate parish.

Elders: — The following are the elders since the incei)tion of the
parish : — Messrs. Edward Killen (removed), William Morsland
(deceased), James Mudie (deceased), S. Parker Wilson, Alex. Erskine,
and John McGrogan.

PRESBYTERY OF THE MURRUMBIDGEE 303
NARRANDERA.

Occasional services were first su[)i)lied l)y the Rev. G. \\^ Adam,
of Uraiia. About the year 1882 the Rev. J. J. U. Jennings was sent as
Home Mission Agent to Narrandera, and l)y him the services were com-
menced which issued in the formation of the parisli. The first minister
settled was the Rev H. S. Buniine, in March, 1888, and his pastorate
continued for two and a half years He was succeeded by the Rev. D.
Fen wick in May, 1891, who ministered for a year and a half. After his
departure the parish was supi)lied by the Home Mission Committee
until, in May, 1894, the Rev. D. McKay Barnet, B.A., was ordained and
inducted. Mr. Barnet, who laboured untiringly and acceptably in this
wide field, was translated to Wollongong in 1903, and was succeeded
in March, 1904, by the Rev. W. H. Bradley, the present minister.

There is a brick church in Narrandera, built in Mr. Jennings' time,
and five other churches (wooden), two built in Mr. Buntine's pastorate
and three in Mr. Barnet's, namely, at Cowabee, Grong Grong, Darlington
Point, Colinroobie, and a very fine church at Whitton, built by Mrs.
\V. ]. McGaw, of Kool)a, in memory of her husband. This she
did through the Centenary Thanksgiving Fund. There is a brick
manse at Narrandera There are eleven out-stations where Sunday
services are held, and eleven more where week-night services are
maintained. It must be evident from this that the position of
a minister in such a charge is no sinecure. For the past four
years an assistant has helped in the work, mainly through the
generosity of Mr. and Mrs Wm. E. Ross, of Uri Park, Darlington
Point. This parish should be divided ere long. A new church is
much needed in Narrandera, in keeping with the importance of
the town, and is now (August, 1905) within the region of practical
poHtics, owing to the generous gift by Sir Samuel McCaughey, M.L.C-,
of Yanko, of three thousand guineas to the Centenary Fund, half of
which is allocated towards the building uS. a new church at Narrandera
to cost about ^2,500.

Pre.\ching Stations: — Narrandera, Darlington Point, Cowabee,
(hong Grong, Sandy Creek, Cuddell Siding, Whitton, Tubbo,
Brobenah, Colinroobie, Quondong Park, Kerarbury, Kooba, North
Yanko, Yarrabee Park, Bynya, North Gogeldrie, Bygoo, Dunn's Mill,
Mount Ida, Mumbledool, Berrembed, and Bolero.

Elders: — Messrs. A. G. F. Mann (removed to Hay), Joseph
Annand (removed to Melbourne), ^V. E. Ross, John Clark (removed to
Leichhardt) David Hannah, R. H. Millington, R. H. Hankinson,
H. Kook, J. Leitch, and A. McKersie.

304 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

URANA.

Urana was taken over from the Victorian Church in 1887. Previous
to that date ministers of different Churches had supplied services more
or less. The Rev. W. D. Hutchison, M.A., was inducted minister of
Urana-jerilderie parish in 1872, but only remained one year, when he
returned to Victoria and was settled at Clunes. The Rev. George
Wilson Adam was the first Presbyterian minister of the separate parish
of Urana. His term extended from 1878 to 1887. The Rev. Matthew
Bell, his successor, was inducted in 1888, and resigned in 1904. Both
the ministry of Mr. Adam and of Mr. Bell were fruitful of good results.
I'hree churches were built in Mr. Bell's time, one at Urana, one at
Old Goree, and one at Boree Creek. They are of wood, and seated
each for 120. There is a fine brick manse; and six out-stations are
supplied with regular services.

^^'hen Mr. Bell went to Urana, there was a debt on the manse of
/"950, and it was wiped off promptly, mainly through the exertions of
Mr. George Watt. The committee gave liberally, the Hon. Wm. Halliday
and Sir S McCaughey leading. The Rev. George Adam, Mr. Bell's
predecessor, was held in much esteem, but being up in years could not
do much in the way of making the Church visible.

The following were leading men, and members of the Church com-
mittee during Mr. Bell's ministry: — The Hon. Wm. Halliday (Brookong),
Sir Samuel McCaughey (Coonong), Messrs. D. Robertson (Goree)»
Donald McLarty (Bundure), George Walt (Cocketgedong), Hugh
Thomson, Alex. MacKinnon (Upper Vanco), James Innes, Jose[)h
McCulloch (Urana), Archibald Crawford (Urangeline), Duncan Rankin
(Goonambil South), G. B. MacKinnon (Goonambil North), Dr. Conway
MacKnight (Urana), Messrs. Wm Grant (Urana), and Lachlan McBean
Grant (Butherwah).

When Mr. Bell resigned, in December, 1903, he was presented with
^^125 at a public meeting, presided over by Sir S. McCaughey, Coonong;
Mrs. Bell also receiving a purse of ^^50. She collected in Urana for
the Church, and was prominent among its workers. The Rev. W. C.
Moulton — recently arrived from Western Australia — was inducted as
minister of this parish on 15th June, 1905.

Preaching Centres: — Urana, Boree Creek, Old Goree, Clear Hills,
and Urangeline. Services also at selectors' houses, squatters' stations
and shearing sheds.

WENTWORTH.
The early settlers of the Lower Darling and Murray Rivers were,
so far as we can learn, nearly all Scots and Presbyterians. In 1859:1
number of them — the chief of whom were Hugh Jamieson (Mildura),

PRESBYTERY OF THE MURRUMBIDGEE

FOUR CHURCHES AND A MANSE

Plate :n

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

HOME MISSION AGENTS

Plate 92

PRESBYTERY OF THE MURRUMIUDGEE 305

George Fletcher (Tapio), the Scotts (Para), the Piles (Cutheroo), the
McLeans (Polio), the McFarlans (Mallee Cliffs), and (ieorgc Perry
(Neilpo) — met and agreed to call a minister. However, the first step
they took was to build a manse — he first l)rick building in Wentworth.
There was some difficulty in getting a minister, till the Rev. William Ross,
M.A., Ph.D., from Barossa, South Australia, accepted the charge in
186 1. He was an Aherdonian, a schoolfellow and townsman of Dr.
George Macdonald, the poet and novelist, and was a good, earnest, and
scholarly man, who bravely faced the hardships of a vast and peculiarly
difificult sphere of labour. Seeing the havoc wrought by drink among
the blacks, he greatly exerted himself with the Government to stop the
giving of intoxicants to the aboriginals by river men and hotels in part-
payment of wages. Three times — despite the great distance to be
travelled — he visited the New South Wales General Assembly, and in
an address in 1866 strongly urged the union of the Presbyterian
Churches of the Australian States. Mr. Ross was not strong and
suffered much from loss of voice, especially in the fiood-time of 1864.
In the Murray flood of 1869 he again became ill, and had to retire.
For years he lived in Victoria, afterwards returning to Scotland,
where he died in August, 1899. Dr. Thomas, Bishop of Goulburn,
soon after visited the district, and persuaded the Presbyterians to
have a Church of England minister alternately with a Presbyterian.
This, however, proved to be a one-sided and unwise arrangement.
The Presbyterians therefore applied to the Victorian Church, which,
after a visit from the Rev. Dr. D. MacDonald and the Rev. Allan
MacVean in 1878, sent the Rev. R. Johnston Smith, B.A., who was
inducted there by the Castlemaine Presbytery in 1879. ^Ii"- Smith
took as his district from Menindie to Wentworth on the Darling,
and from Meilman Station, N.S.W., to Chowilla Station (South
Australia) on the Murray. Mr. Smith was a tremendous traveller and
endured many hardships, and gives it as his strong opinion that no
minister should be kept in such a parish as ^^'entworth and the Darling
for longer than three years, both on physical and spiritual grounds.
During Mr. Smith's pastorate a brick church was built at Wentworth,
and a wooden one at Euston. The latter was opened free of debt.

In 1883 the Murrumbidgee Presbytery in connection with the
Presbyterian Church of Victoria (which until then had spiritual care of
Riverina and the West, with the exception of the country included in
1 88 1 in the Germanton parish), was transferred to the Church of New
South Wales. In 1902 the Rev. R. Johnston Smith, who for some
years had extended his journeys to Balranald — before the Rev. J. J.
Jennings went there — retired as emeritus minister of Wentworth, and

3o6 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

was placed on the Aged and Infirm Ministers' Fund. The congregation
has always been of the nature of a mission charge, with occasional
services in the outlying townships. It is sad that for over three years
we have had no minister in this vast parish, and it is hoped that an
earnest man may soon be found to take up the work.

WILCANNIA.

This charge was originally connected wiili the Presbyterian Church
of Victoria. The Rev. William Webster was the first minister, being
ordained on 19th January, 1880, to the charge of Wilcannia and
Menindie. There was no church, and service had to be conducted
in a hall. Mr. Webster laboured over an enormous area of country
— including the Barrier (now Silverton), Bourke, and Brewarrina — for
several years with zeal and success, but on his leaving, adverse times
followed, and the cause collapsed. After a long interval, the N.S.W. Home
Mission Committee sent a minister to visit, inspect, and report. The
minister sent was the Rev. Robert Thomson, then at Neutral Bay.
Mr. Thomson was so impressed with the capabilities of \N'ilcannia that
he resigned Neutral Bay, and accepted an appointment to Wilcannia,
and had the satisfaction of completing the work which Mr. Webster
had begun, in the erection of a handsome church of wood and
iron. The church cost more than was counted on, with the result that a
debt of ^300 was left on the building. Mr. Thomson resigned, and the
work was again abandoned. A ten years' drought reduced the district to a
very impoverished condition, and many of the people left. But in 1897
a renewed effort was made to resuscitate the cause, and the Rev. A. J.
Doig, B.A., was sent to re-open the church, with the promise of aid
from the Logan Fund. After a year's diligent work, Mr. Doig asked to
be relieved, and the Rev. James MacAndrew, M.A., was sent to
occupy the field. With Wilcannia White Cliffs, si.xty miles distant, was
associated, and regular services were maintained at both places.
Sunday schools were established, and sundry debts reduced, but the
debt on the church in Wilcannia remains. At the end of 1903 Mr.
MacAndrew resigned, and the Rev. Alan McDougall, M.A., was sent ;
but he has now left, and the field is unoccupied. The difficulties of
maintaining a charge in a district like Wilcannia, whose fortunes are so
fluctuating, are exceptionally great, but the difficulties must be overcome.
In the meantime Wilcannia and White Cliffs will be occasionally
visited, and services conducted, by the Rev. P. A. Smith, with the
<j0spel Car.

PRESBYTERY OF NEW ENGLAND.

ARMIDALE.

In Armidale, and throughout the wide district of wliich it is the
centre and chief city, the Presbyterian element has from tlie outset been
strong. The first Presbyterian minister settled in the large region
extending from Murrurundi to the Queensland border was the Rev.
John Morrison, from the Established Church of Scotland. After about
two years' residence in Armidale, he removed to Walcha, and the Rev.
Andrew Maxwell — one of the band of men sent out in 1853 from the
Free Church of Scotland — was appointed to Armidale : but after a
pastorate of two or three years he removed to Kilmore, in Victoria. The
Rev. Thomas Johnstone (afterwards D.D.), from the Established Church
of Scotland, came to the colony in 1857, and was appointed to Armidale
by the Presbytery of Maitland. A church had been already built
in Walcha, but at the time of Dr. Johnstone's arrival there was none in
Armidale ; but by the beginning of 1859, churches had been built !)oth
at Armidale and Uralla, fifteen miles distant. Mr. Morrison did not
remain long in Walcha, and on his departure it was placed under the
■charge of Dr. Johnstone, and was worked as part of Armidale parish
until erected into a separate parish in 1878. Dr. Johnstone, a man
happily robust in constitution beyond most, addressed himself to the
arduous work with a courage and energy which have made him a " man
wondered at." A very handsome new church, to accommodate about
400 persons, was built in Armidale in 1882. A manse was built many
years ago, and a new one is about to be built. A large sum of money
was contributed to the Centenary Fund by this parish, through which
the indebtedness on the clunch building was met and the old manse
repaired. Towards the total, Mr. Adam Park of Glen Barra station
^ave ^525 and the late Mr. Alexander Park of Longford, Bendemeer,

3o8 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

^315 There are five churches in the district outside Armidale,
four of wood, viz. Hillgrove, Kilcoy, Wandsworth and Guyra,
and one of brick at Bendemeer. A new brick church has lately
been erected at Uralla. There are also two Union Churches in
which Presbyterian services are held. During Dr. Johnstone's
ministry, Sabbath and week-day services were held statedly
at the following places : — Armidale, Uralla, Saurnarez, Gostwyck,^
Lyndhurst, Rock Abbey, Carndhu, Mt. Mitchell West, Mt. Mitchell
East, Bear Hill, Camperdown, Guy Fawkes, Wirrialpa, Billy's Point,
Kentucky, Rimbanda, Bendemeer, Hanning, Airlie, Longford, Glen
Barra, Retreat, ^Voodlands, Tenterden, Wandsworth, Guyra, Black-
Mountain, Hillgrove, Kilcoy, Wollumumbie, Allora, and Brushy Creek.
The work having attained dimensions beyond the power of any
one man to overtake. Dr. Johnstone, with the concurrence of his
people, applied for an assistant, and he has had several of these
associated with him in the work. Dr. Johnstone was for forty-three
years minister of Armidale. For twenty years and more Dr.
Johnstone travelled not less than 6,000 miles per annum by road in the
performance of his ministerial duties. In all his long pastorate he
had only one holiday of six months, spent on a trip to his native land.
At a recent annual meeting of the congregation he stated that he had
baptised over 3,000 infants and solemnised about 800 marriages. He
received many valuable tokens of the esteem in wliich he was held I)y
the people to whom he ministered so faithfully and so lon^^, and among,
whom he still continues to dwell. Dr. Johnstone has at length retired
from the active ministry, and the Presbytery on 21st March, 1905,
inducted the Rev. H. S. Buntine, who, with an assistant, may overtake
the work of this very extensive parish, until it is divided — as it should
be — into three parishes. Mr. D. Stewart of Guyra gave a valuable
site in Armidale for the new manse.

Elders. — In this parish it has been the custom to have sufficient
elders in three centres to form a Session in eacli. The following is
the list: — Armidale : Messrs. fAlex. Skinner, fFranklin Jackes, fjames
Mitchell, fWm. Mason, fC^'eorge Robson, fjohn McLennan, fHenry
Pearson, \Vm. Weir, John Cameron, S. A. Harper, J. L. Mitchell,
tjohn Love, senr.. Squire Wilson, fMurdock G. D. McLennan, fJohn-
McNutt, Jas. McKenzie, G. G. McBean, John Moore, and John Love.
Wand.svvortii: Messrs. Wm. Ferguson, Wm. McCrossin, Jas. R.
Mitchell, Donald Stewart, Jas. Jackson, A. K. Cameron, and Lachlan
N. McKay. Kilcov: Messrs. fRodk. McRae, Alex. Eraser, Duncan
McRae, fKenneth Finlayson, and Alex. McClenaghan. Those marked
t are deceased.

PRESBYTERY OF NEW ENGLAND 309

bingp:ra and warialda.

In the year 1892 a start was made with a view to securing regular
Presbyterian services for these districts. The Rev. J. J. Jennings was sent,
and for the few months of his stay he did good work. He was followed
by the Revs. R. N. Maclean, J. Lawrie, and J. MacAndrew, M.A. After
these had been withdrawn, the district was unsupplied for a time. But,
through the influence mainly of Thomas Stevenson, Esq., P.M., the
■charge was subsidised by the Logan Bequest Fund, and the Revs.
James Cosh, B.D., J. H. Craig, M.A., William Robertson, M.A..
George Chalmers, B A., J. Herford, H. R. Grassick, J. B. Wilson, B.A.,
J. F. Briggs, and J. Leask, M.A., occupied the field in succession. In 1902
a handsome brick church was erected in Warialda, and opened by the
Rt. Rev. John Walker, Moderator of Assembly, who had visited the district
on behalf of the Centenary Thanksgiving Fund, the church building fund
receiving large additions as the fruit of his visit, including 300 guineas
from Messrs. Mackay Brothers of Gunyerwarildi. In 1902, Warialda
and Bingera having been made a sanctioned charge, a call was given to
the Rev. J. Leask, M.A., who laboured for a year and resigned. 'I'he
Rev. A. McWatt .'\llan supplied for a short time, and in 1904 a call was
given to the Rev. W. H. Marshall, the present minister. Shortly after his
induction, a large brick church was opened at Bingera by the Rev. John
Walker. It is hoped that ere long l)oth Warialda and Bingera districts
will be able to have their own ministers, the Presbytery having
authorised the division, and supply being now sent by the Home
Mission Committee to the Bingera district. The area of the combined
parishes is no miles by 40 miles.

Preaching Centres : — Warialda, Reedy Creek, South Gunyer-
■warildi, Yetman, Rocky Dam, Coolootai (occasionally), Croppa,
Allandale, Bingara, Bangheet, Pallal, and Keera.

Elders : — Messrs. Peter Gilmour and John McMaster.

(;len INNES.

Shortly after the discovery of gold in this colony, an apidicalion
Avas made by the Synod of Eastern Australia to the Free Church of
Scotland for eight men to aid in supplying religious ordinances to the
Presbyterians scattered throughout the colony, and the money was sent to
bring them out. In the year 1S53 the ministers arrived, and among them
was the Rev. Archibald Cameron. Mr. Cameron, after labouring for a
brief time on the Hunter and Manning Rivers, was sent to the New
England district. With Wellingrove as his headquarters, regular services

310 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

were maintained there, and at Glen Innes and Inverell, and occasional
services were also supplied at Tenterfield, Moree, and Bingera. In
those days the only family resident in Inverell was that of Mr. Colin
Ross, who kindly gave the use of his house for a Presbyterian service,
until the original church was erected, when Inverell was detached from
Glen Innes and erected into a separate parish. In the early days
Wellingrove was a more important place than it is to-day. It was the
business centre of the district and contained the court house, the lockup,
and the only post office in the district ; and there also the minister's
house was built. But after the police estahlisliment was removed to the
rising town of Glen Innes, the ground on which it stood was purchased
by the Presbyterians, and a neat wooden church was built on it.

When Mr. Cameron was settled as minister in the district, the
township of Glen Innes had no existence. Mr. Colin Fletcher's house
was among the first that was built after the proclamation of the township,
and he kindly allowed its use for divine service; and then the Presby-
terians met in the Court House until, in 1867, the present church was
built, on a site of three acres generously granted by Mr. Colin
Fletcher. The church is in the Gothic style, built of dark blue
whinslone, faced with grey granite. After twenty years of faithful
and laborious service the Rev. Archibald Cameron obtained a
colleague and successor. The first appointed was the Rev. J. M. Innes,
9th April, 1876; and after him the Rev. Robert Kay, M.A., inducted
1881, resigned October, 1894. Mr. Kay won the regard of all classes and
denominations. During the pastorale of Mr. Kay the Glen Innes
parish made great progress in various directions. The church was
greatly improved both within and without. A commodious brick manse
was built, and the cemetery was laid out and planted with trees.
Several new out-stations were started with suitable buildings. The
Rev. A. Fraser was then pastor for two years, being succeeded by the
Rev. John Edwards, B.A., who, after a successful ministry of five
years, was translated to West Balmain in October, 1902.

The Ministerial Jubilee of the Rev. A. Cameron was celebrated
with many marks of affectionate regard on 3rd June, 1903, at Glen
Innes, representatives from all parts of New England being present,
along with the Right Rev. the Moderator of Assembly (J. T. Main, M A.),
the Revs. Dr. Bruce, R. Kay, and the members of Presbytery, when
an address and service of plate were presented. Mr. Cameron passed
away at the venerable age of ninety years, on the i6th May, 1905. Mr.
Cameron was a man of deej) i)iely, and of high attainments in philosophy
as well as theology. He and his family have exerted a wholesome
influence over a wide district, and are held in the highest esteem. His

1

PRESIiYTRRY OF NEW ENGLAND 311

son, tlie Rev. A. V. (Cameron, B.A., was the energetic minister of the
Middle Clarence, till he became colleague to liis father in December,
1902. There are a number of out-stations where services have been held
every alternate month. To increase the services at all centres and other-
wise develop the work, the help of an assistant has just been secured.

Preaching Siations :— Waterloo, Reddestone, Wellingrove,
Beaufort, Furracabad, Ben Lomond, Cilencoe, Mount Mitchell,
Mount Slow, Stonehenge, Dundee, Red Range, and R. McKillop's.
At Dundee we have a Crown grant of one and a half acres. It is
intended to start services fordiwith at Emniaville, Deepwaler, and
Ranger's Valley.

Eli^kk.s who have served in the Glen Innes Session from formation
of parish. : — Messrs. W. Wilberforce Fraser, Colin Fletclier, John
Mitchell, John McMaster, Alex. Skinner, John Fletcher, R. Mackay,
Andrew McAlpin, George Stevenson, Alfred VVeller, F. A. Doust,
VV. Lindsay, W. Nelson, J. A. Mitchell, A. K. Gilchrist, and Walter
S. Johnstone (son of the Rev. Dr. Johnstone, of Armidale).

GUNNEDAH, BOGGABRI, NARRABRI, AND WEE WAA.
The first minister settled in the Namoi district was the Rev. H. S.
Buntine, formerly of the Synod of Eastern Australia. His headquarters
was Boggabri, but services were conducted by him both in Gunnedah
and Narrabri. He was succeeded in 18S8 by the Rev. James Lawrie
(now of Woonoona), who continued to labour in this extensive district
until 1891. His headquarters was Narrabri. During his time a
wooden church was erected at Wee Waa. He was followed in October
by the Rev. George Hay. His pastorate lasted little over a year. As
the Namoi district was found too large for one man, it was decided by
the Presbytery to divide it — Gunnedah and Boggabri to form one parish,
and Narrabri and Wee Waa the other. The Rev. R. E. Hutchison,
after having laboured for some time in the district, was called to
Gunnedah, and inducted in 1899. He holds services at ten different
centres, namely: — Gunnedah, Boggabri, Goran Lake, Curlewis,
Pullaming, Wandobali, Goolhi, Tourable, Calal, and Bando. Mr.
Alex. Crawford, of Blaimiore, Boggabri, has for many years been a
strong hel[)er, and among the pastoralists who are hearty supporters
may be mentioned Messrs. Irving Winter (Tulcumbah), J. Kenneth
Mackay (Pullaming), Wm. D. Snnson (Wandobah), Colin MacKenzie
(Tourable), T. H. H. (ioodwin (Booloocooioo), Alexander Gollan,
(Glengarry and Calala), \. Macgregor (Ryversdale), Duncan Macgregor
(near Boggabri), George Cameron (Lochaber), G. H. Brown (Fairfield),

312 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

and A. W. Carstairs (Blair Athol) Mr. J. K. Clark, of Ghoolendaadi,
also shows our minister great kindness whenever he visits his station.
There is no church at Gunnedah, but there is every prospect that,
with improved seasons, both a church and manse will be built. At
Boggabri there is a Union (Church. At Narrabri there is a very neat
brick church. Narrabri is a large town, and Wee Waa is the other
important centre. Mr William Taylor — labouring under the Home
Mission Committee — has supplied Narrabri jjarish since August, 1899.

INVERELL.
Inverell formed originally part of the Glen Innes charge, and
received periodical visits from the Rev. Archibald Cameron. After a
time, a neat wooden church was erected, and, the congregation growing
rapidly in numbers and strength, it soon became evident that Inverell
would require a minister for itself. In 1869 it was erected into a
separate parish. The first minister settled there was the Rev. T. A.
Gordon, who had earned a high reputation for himself as the minister of
a large congregation in Balmain, Sydney. At some distance from the
town a commodious manse was built on a spacious site granted by the
late Mrs. Campbell, senr., of Inverell Station. Mr. Gordon visited and
held service at Newstead once a month in a brick church, which had
been erected by Mrs. Anderson, the owner of Newstead, in i860. This
lady, whose liberality to the Presbyterian Church deserves to be held
in remem1)rance, during her stay in England successfully pressed the
claims of Australia on the attention of Dr. Lang, then a student of
divinity. This church, together with a cemetery, was handed over by
the trustees to the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales. Besides
Newstead, service was maintained at a number of important centres
throughout the district, among them Keera, Eraser's Creek, Reedy
Creek, the Tinglia Cope's Creek Tin Mines, at distances varying from
twenty to forty-five miles. After about four years of useful service,
Mr. (Gordon demitted his charge in 1873, and the Rev. Thomas Stirton,
of the Paterson and Dungog (now Dr. Stirton;, accepted a call to be his
successor. It having been found that the original church was liable to
flood, a movement was started for the building of a new one. A grant
of two acres having l^een obtained from the Government as a site, the
present church was erected thereon, at a cost of over ^3,500. It is
undoubtedly one of the most elegant of our country churches. The
extent of the field occupied by Dr. Stirton was immense, and the
amount of travelling accomplished by him enormous. I<'ive churches
witliin the charge were built during his pastorate ; sonic four atlditional

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

MINISTERIAL MEMBERS, MARCH, 1905

PRESBYTERY OF NEW ENGLAND

SIX CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

riate OU

PRESBYTERY OF NEW ENGLAND

FIVE CHURCHES

Plate 95

PRESBYTERIES OF NEW ENGLAND AND THE CLARENCE

FOUR CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

Plate 00

PRESBYTERY OF NEW ENGLAND 313

preaching centres were added, and all at long distances from the centre.
Moree, distant one hundred miles, was an offshoot from Inverell parish,
and was visited at intervals by Dr. Stirton, until erected into a separate
charge. Warialda and Bingera were also i)arts of his roomy parish.
In October, 1896, the Rev. Alex. 1^'raser was elected colleague and
successor to Dr. Stirton, and laboured with remarkable energy. He
was translated to (Irafton in June, i8y8. On resigning, in June, 1898,
the parish in wliich he liad laboured so long and so succe.ssfully.
Dr. Stirton was presented by the people with a liundred guineas as a
token of their affection for him and of the esteem in which he was
held. The Rev. James S. Scott accepted a call as his successor —
after Mr. Fraser — and was translated from Maclean on the (."larence
River to Inverell in March, 1899.

After two years' valuable and valued service, Mr. .Scott accepted a
•call to Hunter Baillie Church, Annandale, .Sydney. The Rev. Robert
Moorhead Legate is the present minister of the charge, having been
inducted in October, 1901. During Mr. Moorhead Legate's pastorate the
•church has been thoroughly renovated, at considerable cost, a handsome
organ, costing upwards of ^200, has been erected and paid for, and
beautiful memorial windows have been donated. The buildings are all
free of debt. To give more frequent services to the various out-stations,
from the beginning of 1905 an assistant, Mr- H. S. Mackenzie,
has been engaged. This parish should be again divided, if suitable
boundaries could be determined upon.

Present List of Preachinc ("entrks (1905): — Newsiead,
Elsmore, Howell, Stannifer, Copeton, Gilgai, (ium Flat, Little Plain,
Rob Roy, Oakwood, Ashford, Fraser's (^reek, Nullamanna, Ihodie's
Plains, Byron, Swanbrook, and Tingha.

, Former Eeder.s : — Messrs. Colin Ross deceased), Edward
Harland (deceased), Ale.x. McIIveen (deceased), John Fletcher
■(deceased), Andrew Murray (removed), Archibald McLeod (removed),
P. C. Campbell (resigned), and Thomas Mather (resigned). Present
Session: — Messrs. Thomas Hawkins, VV. Wilberforce Fraser, John Fraser,
Dr. F. S. Stuckey, Messrs. Thomas Wilson, A. J. (jilchrist, and Hugh
•Currie (Clerk of Session).

MANILLA AND BENDEMEER.

Manilla originally formed part of Tamworth parish, and services were
held in the old Union Church by the Rev. A. Armstrong, ISLA., but,
owing to the increasing demands of Tamworth itself, it was found
impossible to continue the services, and for many years the Presbyterian

314 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Church was not represented in the district. In 1898 a fresh attempt
was made to estal)Hsh the Presbyterian cause, and the Barraba-Manilla
Home Mission charge was brought into existence, and the Rev. J. H. G.
Auld, B.A., was appointed to supply. Mr. Auld did good work, and
was followed by the Rev. A. J. Doig, B.A., who for health's sake was-
compelled to give up the work. The cause remained at a standstill for
several years until July, 1903, when the Rev. David Allan, supplying
Tamworth, recommenced Presbyterian services, and as the result of a
visit from the Rev. John Walker, the Assembly's Commissioner, it was
decided to form a Home Mission charge, with headquarters at Manilla.
A strong committee was formed, and the Rev. \V^ H. McCook, B.A., was
appointed as supply. Services were conducted in the Mechanics'
Institute, but Mr. McCook had the satisfaction, at the end of his term
of six months, of witnessing the opening by the Rev. John Walker of an
exceptionally neat and well-designed wooden church, en an admirable
site in the town. The Rev. H. S. Anderson, M.A., and Mr. J. Crawford
fulfilled brief appointments, after which Mr. A. M. Ogilvie was
appointed to Manilla, and under him the progress has continued. In
1904 the New England Presbytery erected Manilla into a sanctioned
charge, but without precise definition of boundaries in the meantime.
There is a successful Sunday-school, and other agencies in connection
with the church. There is a large number of out-stations connected
with the parish : — Bendemeer, Haning, Watson's Creek, Airlee, Glen
Barra, Nanioi River, Somerlon, Bective, Attunga, and Mr. McKid's
(near Barraba). At Bendemeer (which until recently belonged to the
Armidale parish) there is a nice brick church, and sites for a manse
and school. At Bective and Attunga, Union churches are used for
holding services ; at other places, halls and dwelling houses ; but at
Namoi River and Somerton movements are on foot for the building of
churches. Messrs. J. D. Kennedy, Norman Johnston (son of the Rev.
Dr. Johnston), F. S. Mackenzie, D. Oram, and W. F. Burgess have done
yeoman's service in [)utting this new parish in its present satisfactory
and promising position. Manilla is the centre of a splendid wheat-
growing stretch of country, and is an attractive and growing town.
Mr. A. M. Ogilvie is to be ordained and inducted as first ministei
immediately.

MORICF.

'I'he first minister of Moree was the Rev. 'I'homas M. Davies, who

was sent there by the Home Mission Committee and inducted in 1883,.

but remained only a little over a year. He was followed in October,

1885, ''y ^he Rev. i". Steele, M.A., under whose ministry a comfortable,

PRESnYrERY OF NEW ENGLAND 315

though rather small, brick cluirch was l)uilt in Moree, the foundation
stone l)eing laid by Miss Scott, of Hogamildi (now Mrs. McMillan).
Mr. Steele was translated to ("orowa in March, 1890, and after an
interval of three years — when Home Mission agents supplied — the
Rev. James Adamson, M.A., was called and inducted in July, 1893,
and continued till October, 1898. Thereafter came another interregnum
of Home Mission supply, until, in November, 1901, the Rev. G. M.
Torbett, M.A., was inducted. In September, 1903, he accepted a call
to Port Macquarie, and was succeeded by the present pastor, the Rev.
Wm. Robertson, M.A., in July, 1904. This is a very extensive parish,
the leading land-owners for many miles around being Presbyterians.
This parish should have an assistant minister. A manse is about to
be erected.

TAM WORTH.

The first ecclesiastical building in the large district of which Tam-
worth is the centre was a wooden church at Nundle, which was opened
by the Rev. Dr. Johnstone, of Armidale, and continued to serve as a
place of worship until recently superseded by a suitable brick building.
In the early days visits were paid to the Tamworth district by various
ministers, who conducted services at different centres, and performed
ministerial functions for such as required them. But in 1862 a move-
ment was started for the building of a church. Two or three years
elapsed before the church was built, a neat and substantial brick
building. The first settled minister was the Rev. Thomas Craig,
who remained for only two years. A vacancy of two years followed,
during which the church, which had never been properly seated,
fell into a dilapidated condition, and many Presbyterians attached
themselves to other Churches. Mr. Craig was followed in the pastorate
1)\' the Rev. Andrew Armstrong, M.A. It was a hard task which
fell to Mr. Armstrong to resuscitate and reorganise the parish.
But for thirty years he laboured with much zeal and faithfulness.
He was held in the highest esteem by all classes for his scholarly
ability, as well as for his consistent Christian character. He married
and baptized an enormous number of the people of the district. Besides
the churches at Tamworth and Nundle, there is a roomy brick manse at
Tamworth, and all free of debt. A good church site of half-an-acre has
been given at Upper Nemingha by Mr. Cain, in connection with the
Centenary Kund, and a church is completed, which was opened by the
Rev. John W^alker, on 2nd July, 1905. Over that wide field, which, in
addition to the two churches, contains eleven preaching centres, Mr.

3i6 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Armstrong kept up service more or less; iind during all these years he
had no holidays, and was never more than two Sabbaths together out of
his own pulpit, except when laid aside by accidents, of which he had
four rather severe ones. For several years Mr. Albert J. Carter acted as
assistant to Mr. Armstrong, residing at Nundle, and working that end of
the parish.

In 1903 Mr. Armstrong applied for leave to retire on the Aged and
Infirm Ministers' Fund. The parish thus became vacant, and the Rev.
James B. Rentoul — on the completion of his studies in our Divinity
Hall — was ordained and inducted in December, 1903. He is doing an
excellent work, and is meeting with marked tokens of success. To
overtake more thoroughly such distant centres as Nundle and Werris
Creek, an assistant is about to be engaged. A new church, in
keeping with the present size and importance of the town, is now
the further urgent need which has to be faced. Mr. Armstrong died
at Ashfield in July, 1905, and was buried at Rookwood.

Out-stations : — -Currabubula, Duri, Upper Nemingha, Moonbi,
Nundle, and Werris Creek.

Elders: — Messrs. R. Cumming (Session Clerk), John Patterson,
H. J. Herd, and V. Haigh.

TENTERFIELD.
Several ministers visited Tenterfield in the early days, but no steps
were taken to form it into a parish till after the arrival in the district of
the late Mr. \V. H. Walker, to take charge of Tenterfield station, the
head-fjuarters of which are but a few miles from the township. Mr.
Walker was an active and energetic, as well as liberal man, a very staunch
Presbyterian, and was mainly instrumental in getting a minister to
reside in the district. In his efforts to start the [)arish he received
able support from the Rev. R. Kay, M.A., then minister of (ilen Innes.
Tenterfield has had many ditticulties to contend with, arising mainly
from the frequent changes of ministers and from not a few rather
prolonged vacancies. The first minister of the parish was the Rev. 'V. S.
Miller, inducted in 1883. After him followed the Revs. Ewing J.
Thomson (inducted August, 1885), Robert Thomson (inducted January,
1888), David Fulton (inducted January, 1891), J. T. Thorburn. B.A.,
(inducted April, 1892); and in February, 1897, lhe''Rev. R. Dill Macky
was inducted. There is a comfortable wooden church, on a fine site, in
'i'enterfield, and service is held at one or two out-stations. Mr. Macky
having demilted, the Rev. h'rederick W. Gresham — who had just finished
his studies in the University and St. .Andrew's College, Sydney — received
a hearty call, and was inducted on J2th A[)ril, 1905.

i

PRESBYTERY OF NEIY ENGLAND 317

Preachinc; CentrkS:— Tenterficld, Wallaiigarra, and Sunnyside.

Eldkrs of Tenterfield parisli from its formation : -Messrs. Hugh
Mitchell (deceased), Isaac Archibald (deceased), F. Elliot (removed),
and James W^illiam (lihson (removed). Present Session: Messrs. James
McKerihan lulward McKerihan, |ohn French, and Alex. Robertson.

WALCHA.

Walcha was a separate parish over fifty years ago, with the Rev.
John Morrison as minister. On his retirement it was united to
Armidale, and again separated in 1878; but previous to that both the
Revs. John Morrison and Dr. Johnstone had ministered in it. The
original church was l)uill in Mr. Morrison's time. The first minister
settled in the parish of Walcha was the Rev. Duncan Ross, who had
for a number of years been minister of Muswellbrook, and afterwards
of North Sydney. Mr. Ross was not a robust man, and feeling
that he could not perform his duties to his satisfaction, he resigned
in 1 88 1. Mr. Ross was succeeded in the same year by the Rev. Colin
R. Greig, who remained till June, 1886, and he was succeeded by the
Rev. Gavin Malcolm, a good preacher and a popular man. His health,
however, broke down, and he also resigned after two years, and
went to Queensland. In his time the present handsome and
commodious church was built, largely through the generosity of the late
Messrs. John Fletcher of Oremdumby, and Abraham Nivison of Ohio,
liberal and generous elders and supporters of the Church. After a
rather prolonged vacancy the Rev. R. F>. Hutchison, who had recently
arrived from Scotland, was inducted in February, 1889. In April,
1893, Mr. Hutchison resigned, but as the district had suffered through
various adverse causes, and had sunk into a somewhat depressed condition,
it was deemed advisable to postpone, for a time, the calling of another
minister. In these circumstances the Rev. D. Ross, whose ministrations
were highly valued by the people, proved to them a friend in need. He
cheerfully ministered to them, as far as his strength permitted, until, in
February, 1896, the Rev J. T. Thorburn, B.A., was inducted. Mr.
Thorburn was born and trained in the State, and under his able and
successful ministry the charge was brought into a very prosperous
condition, and free of debt. To its great honour, this parish contributed
;2^985 to the Centenary Fund, Mr. Thomas Laurie, of Nowendoc,
giving 300 guineas, and Messrs. Thomas and William Fletcher
100 guineas each. The church, erected in Mr. Malcolm's time, is
a handsome structure, and will hold about 300 persons. This-
is the only church in the parish, but there are about seven preaching.

3i8 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

centres, so that the minister has an ample share of both i)reaching and
travelHng. Mr. Thorburn's successor was the Rev. James Love — one of
our New South Wales students and Hcentiates — ordained and inducted
in April, 1902. An old, roomy stone house, with over thirty acres of
ground, one and a half miles out of Walcha, was secured as a manse
years ago. During Mr. Love's pastorate permission of Assembly was
obtained to sell house and land. This has been done, and, with the
proceeds, a brick house has been purchased near the church, and is
already out of debt, only ^100 being yet ovving for an acre of land
adjoining the manse — a corner block. Among the earnest and faithful
workers of the parish Mrs. Alex. Mitchell, senr., occupies a position
of great honour and regard. The Rev. J. Love has just resigned
(October, 1905) owing to ill health.

Preaching Centre-S: — Walcha, Walcha Road, Woolbrook, Ruther-
glen, Bessie Bell, Glen Morrison, Hartford, Orandumbi, and Tia.

Elders from formation of parish : — Messrs. Abraham Nivison,
John Fletcher, David Bell, Alexander Mitchell, senr., Thomas Carr,
Percy Ross (son of the Rev. D. Ross), Thomas Crawford, James Steel,
David Green, Thomas Fletcher, George Kilpatrick, and Alexander
Mitchell, junr. Mr. James Steel, Session Clerk, has also occupied the
position of Secretary to the Committee of Management for over twenty
years.

WAJ.CiETT.
The first minister of Walgett was the Rev. George W. Neely, B.A.,
inducted in 1882. In little more than a year Mr. Neely went to Mudgee,
and was succeeded in 1884 by the Rev. Alexander McClinchie, who
continued till June, 1889, when he resigned, his departure regretted by
all classes. His parish was huge, but with great kindness of heart and
immense energy he travelled in all weathers, and ministered to })eople
of all Christian Churches and none. There was a vacancy of more than
two years until the settlement of the next minister, the Rev. George
Milne, in May, 1892. He immediately set about the erection of a manse,
and a handsome structure was formally opened by Mrs. A. E Scott, of
Gingie, in May, 1893. The present galvanized iron church will soon
give place to a larger building, for which a considerable sum has been
subscribed. Mr. Milne resigned in March, 1896, and was followed by
the Rev. A. Thain Anderson, M.A., who was inducted in October,
1897, and resigned in May, 1899. The district is a most extensive
one, embracing in addition to Walgett the townships of Collarendabri,
Mogil Mogil, Angledool, and Pilliga. Services are at present supplied
by an agent of the Home Mission Committee, Mr. James Anderson,
.under whom the work is prospering.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY.

ASHFIELI), LIVERPOOL ROAD.

Ashfield and St. David's, Dohroyde, formed originally one parish,
but in 1876 a severance having, with sanction of the Presbytery, been
effected, the Rev. John Auld, M.A., elected to adhere to the .Ashfield
portion, and was declared by the Presbytery to be minister of the same.
A weatherboard church was speedily erected, and opened by the Rev.
John Dunniore Lang, D.D., and in that the congregation continued
to worship until the present handsome brick and stone church was
built in 1886. The foundation stone was laid by the late Mrs. J. H.
Goodlet, and the church opened by the Rev. Duncan McEachran,
of Melbourne. The church, when the tower and spire are added, will
have a very attractive appearance. It is seated for 500, and has cost,
land included, close on ^10,000. Six years later a commodious
brick manse was added, at a cost of nearly ;^'2,ooo. Messrs. J. H.
Goodlet, William Seaward, Donald Robertson, A. L. Forbes, M.A, and J.
M. Dunn were the leading promoters of the new church. Mr. Goodlet,
with his wonted liberality, contributed ^i for every ^i raised
by the congregation. The original church forms now a commodious
school-hall. Mr. David Walker, of the Y.MC.A., was the only elder
who accompanied the congregation from St. David's, Doliroyde : but in
1878 Messrs. J. H. Goodlet and A. L. Elphinstone were inducted into
the Eldership, and these three, with the pastor, formed the first Session.
Mr. Auld, who has laboured so long al)ly, and zealously to a much-
attached congregation, is about to resign.

List of Elders: — Messrs. tDavid Walker, John H. Goodlet,
tAlexander L. Elphinstone, tjohn S. Adam, senr., the Rev. fSamuel
Humphries, the Rev. tjoseph Copeland, Messrs. tjames Little, John
A. Aitken, Walter G. Crane, tDavid Barron, fRobert Wilkinson,

320 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

John Marden, LL.l)., Messrs. Robert JN'Iaclean, David Bell, the Rev.
James Paterson, M.A., Mr. I'hoinas Irvine, and the Rev. f Andrew-
Armstrong, M.A. Those marked t are no longer in the Session,
being either deceased or transferred to other parishes.

ASHFIELl), ST. DAVID'S.

The first step taken towards the institution of this parish was the
erection of a substantial building for Sabbath school purposes. It was
erected on land given by the late Mrs. Ramsay. A petition signed by
134 residents having been forwarded, ministerial supply was sent, the
first service being conducted by the Rev. Dr. Lang. In July, 1866, the
first congregational meeting was held, and the first Committee formed,
consisting of Messrs. A. Learmonth, J. Tait, John Woods, H. Carlisle,
W. Dougan, G. Dibbs, and Dr. Aitken (father of the Law Agent of the
Church). Mr. Learmonth was appointed Chairman and Treasurer, and
Mr. Tait, Clerk. In October, 1866, the Presbytery determined to erect
the congregation into a sanctioned charge. At the close of the year a call
was sent to the Rev. S. F. Mackenzie, M.A., of West Maitland, who was
inducted as the first minister in January, 1867. An interim Session was
appointed, consisting of Messrs. H. Carlisle, A. Learmonth, and David
Ramsay. In February, 1868, the foundation stone of St. David's
Church was laid by Mrs. Ramsay, on behalf of the Duke of Edinburgh,
who afterwards planted the fig tree in front of the church. The church
was opened on Good Friday, 1869. Shortly thereafter, Mr. Mackenzie-
accepted a call from Goulburn. In August, 1869, Mrs. Ramsay
conveyed to the Presbyterian ('hurch of New South Wales 4 acres 1 7
perches of land for church, manse, school, and family vault. This land
was afterwards the subject of litigation before the Privy Council, which
laid down the princi[)le that land donated to a Church could not
subsequently be sold by the donor.

Mr. Mackenzie having been translated to Goulburn, St. David's
became vacant. The Rev. A. N. Mackray, M.A., recently arrived from
Scotland, having been sent for supply, a call was addressed to him,
which he accepted and was inducted in November, 1869. Mr.
Mackray continued to minister to the congregation with very marked
acceptance till 1872, when lie demitted and returned to Scotland,
leaving behind him peculiarly sacred and tender memories. As minister
of Tonjuay, Ooydon, and South Croydon, he has rendered conspicuous
.service to the Presbyterian Church in England, and is still in full work.
In I'ebruary, 1874, a call was addressed to the Rev. John Auld, M.A.,

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

MINISTERIAL MEMBERS, 1905

Plate 97

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

MINISTERIAL MEMBERS, 1905

Plate 9S

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

PORTRAITS OF MINISTERIAL MEMBERS AND DR. MARDEN, 1905

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

TWO CHURCHES, TWO SCHOOLS, AND A MAIMSE

PRESBYTERY OF SVDNEV 321

recently arrived from the Free Church of Scotland. The call was
accepted, and Mr. Auld inducted. A mission station having been started
at Liverpool Road, Ash field, a movement was initiated for separating it
from St. David's and erecting it into a separate parish. Mr. Auld, having
elected to go to Ashfield, resigned St. David's. The next minister was
the Rev. A. Milne Jarvie, inducted in December, 1877. Mr. Jarvie was,
in 1879, translated to the Scots Church, Sydney. The Rev. George
Maclnnes, M.A., B.D. (afterwards D.D.), from the Church of Scotland,
having supplied for a time, was called and inducted in October, 1880.
Dr. Maclnnes is still the minister of St. David's, and his able
ministrations are much appreciated by his attached flock.

The church is of stone, with a beautiful spire, and is one of the
most elegant of our churches. It is out of debt. A manse is yet to build.

Elders, from establishment of the parish : — Messrs. Hugh Carlisle,
Alexander Learmonth, David Ramsay, John Tait, David Walker, Herbert
J. Lamb, Thomas Sherriff, Robert McLean, Robert McCook, Thomas
Aubin, Stewart Abemethy Dougan, Allan McLean, and J. Wilson.

AUBURN

In January, 1904, some seven or eight persons met in a humble
apartment in Auburn to consider the question of starting Presbyterian
services. There was need for this, as there was no Presbyterian church
accessible between Granvilleand Burwood. Application was accordingly
made to the Home Mission Committee. The opening services were
conducted by the Rt. Rev. J. T. Main, M.A., Moderator of the Church,
and a considerable amount of interest was manifested.

The Auburn parish started as a Home Mission station, but in the
first year was raised to the status of a sanctioned charge. Its progress
has been very gratifying. Starting with only seven families, after
eleven months the roll of membership showed forty-one families, with a
total number of 143 members and adherents. An excellent site for a
church and connected buildings has been secured, and a church is
being erected to provide seating accommodation for 200 persons The
charge has been under the supervision of, first, the Rev. W. Beck, of
Marrickville, and now of the Rev. John Auld, M.A., of Ashfield, and
the supply of preachers is provided by the Home Mission Committee,
Mr. Malcomson, student, having done good work for some seven
months. He has been followed by Messrs. F. W. Gresham, J. T.
Dudley, B.A., J. McMurtrie, G. Cranston, and J. N. McGee, students.

32 2 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

BALMAIN, CAMPBELL STREET.

In the year 1857 the Independent Congregation which the Rev. T.
A. Gordon had gathered in Balmain, having made remarkable progress
and erected a large and expensive church, unanimously resolved
to vacate it — for reasons which it is unnecessary to state — and to
become a Presbyterian congregation. At that time the Presbyterian
Church of New South Wales was divided into three sections, and the
determination of the Balmain congregation was to stand aloof until
they became united into one body. At the Union which was effected
in 1865 the Balmain congregation was cordially invited by the General
Assembly to join the United Church, which they gladly did. They had
erected a handsome church in Darling Street, to seat 380, and when
the need for more room became urgent they built the present comely
and substantial stone church in Campbell Street, which was opened
by the Rev. A. N. Mackray, M.A , of Dobroyde, on the 19th April,
1868. About two years after, Mr. Gordon, who stood in great need of
rest and change, paid a visit, in compliance with medical advice, to the
Home Country, and on his return accepted a call from a new parish at
Inverell, in the New England Presbytery. The Balmain congregation
then addressed a call to the Rev. Colin McCuUoch, who was inducted
in 1869. Mr. McCulloch's pastorate lasted about two years, when he
was translated to Wickham Terrace Church, Brisbane. In 1872 a call
having been addressed to the Rev. James Cosh, M.A., D.D , he was
inducted and remained the greatly-esteemed pastor, until, having
been appointed first Hunter Baillie Professor of Oriental and Polynesian
Languages in St. Andrew's College, he demitted his charge, and was not
long thereafter (December, 1900) cut off by death, to the great grief of
the Church which he had served so faithfully and so long. Under his
ministry the church was remodelled, and a capacious and handsome
school-hall was built. At West Balmain a station was opened, which
eventually ripened into a separate parish, and has had for years a
minister of its own.

The Memorial Minute passed by the General Assembly on
the death of Dr. Cosh includes these words: — "Dr. Cosh had the
honour of occupying the Chair both of the State General Assembly
and of the Federal General Assembly. As Convener for
twenty-one years of the Heathen Missions Committee, he rendered
valuable service in many ways to the Mission cause. He was a
modest man, having more regard to solidity than show. His
calm wisdom and sound judgment won for him the confidence of his
brethren and a potent voice in the councils of the Church. His
strongest claim, perhaps, upon the gratitude of the Church is the

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 323

valuable service rendered by liim in connection with Theological
education. He closed all too soon a beautifully consistent Christian
life by a peaceful and triumphant entrance into the rest which remaineth
for the children of God."

Dr. Cosh was succeeded in February, 1900, by the Rev. John Fender
Blair, just arrived from Scotland, under whose effective ministry the
congregation is maintaining its important position of usefulness and
influence. Two years ago an excellent two-storey manse was built, at
a cost of over ^1,600.

Elders, with dates of induction: — Messrs. Duncan Campbell,
Nicol D. Stenhouse, M.A., James Burt (1858), Matthew Whytlaw, senr.,
Ale.xander Brown, John Gordon, John Murray (1868), John Gray (1870),
William Morrison (187 i), Alexander Bowen, William Davidson, James
Campbell (1874), Daniel McAlpine, Walter Henderson (1876), John
Cameron, James McDonald (1879), Robert K. Sidey (1880), William
Miller (1883), John S. Dunlop, John Kirkland (i886), Archibald
Porteous (1895), John G. Buddie, George Dingwall, \Villiam
Symington, and James Walker (1899). '^'he Rev. T. A. Gordon and
the Rev. Andrew Barron, M.A., were also associated with the Session,
on their retiring from the active work of the ministry.

BALMAIN, .ST. PAUL'S (BALMAIN WEST).

At a meeting of Deacons' Court of Campbell Street Church,
Balmain, held 2nd June, 1873, it was resolved to commence services at
Balmain ^^'est. \\'ith this end in view a cottage was rented in Goodsir
Street, and a Sabbath school started. A beautiful and commanding
site, consisting of an acre at the corner of Western Road and Darling
Street, was purchased, almost as a gift, from the late Mr. David Ramsay,
of Ashfield. A school-church was erected, and was opened by the Rev.
James Cosh, M.A., D.D., on 3rd September, 1876.

Services, were conducted regularly and with great acceptance by
Messrs. D. L. Waugh, M. Whytlaw, John McDonald, and D. McAlpine,
and by R. Steel, R. H. AVaugh, and R. Jackson, Students of Divinity.
Mr. Thomas Hill, M.A., now of Bexley, acted as a missionary for
some time. The mission was formed into a separate parish in February,
1877, the parent church in Campbell Street agreeing to contribute for
two years ;^5o per annum for the maintenance of ordinances.

The first minister was the Rev. George Grimm, M.A., called
from Young, a distinguished scholar and author, who was inducted in
1880. During his ministry the commodious two-story manse was built.

324 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Mr. Grimm died while in the full discharge of his duties, in June, 1897,
aged 64. At the University of Edinburgh he had a brilliant career, and
coming to Australia, went first to Queensland, where he did good
work, and afterwards served the Church in New South ^^^ales for nearly
thirty years, first at Young and then at Balmain. He was elected
Moderator in 1879. He was Tutor, first in Hebrew and afterwards in
Systematic Theology, in the Theological Hall. For some years he
acted as Editor of The Presbyterian newspaper. He was a man of
singular unselfishness and brotherly spirit, of true humanity and
sincere charity. In September, 1898, the Rev. W. Michael Smith,.
]\I.A., from the Presbyterian Church of England, was inducted, who^
after an earnest pastorate, resigned on 31st December, 1901. The
present minister is the Rev. John Edwards, B.A., formerly of Glen
Innes, who was inducted on loth October, 1902. The number
of communicants on the roll is 108, adherents 106. The Sabbath
school has a roll of twenty-six teachers and 515 scholars. A large and
imposing stone and brick church has recently been erected at a cost of
about ^2,800, and was opened by the Revs. James Kinghorn, John
Walker, and John Edwards, on 25th December, 1904. The congre-
gation is united and increasing.

List of Elders since the foundation of parish : — Messrs. Daniel
McAlpine, John Clubb, Andrew McWhirter, John Gibson, John
McDonald, Robert Riddell, James McDonald, Edward Martin, John
Anderson, Alexander Moir, John Scobie, William A\'att, ^^'illiam Solley,.
John Easton, John Lauder, and William J. Smyth.

BEXLEY.

This parish lies within the district of St. George's, the territory
embraced between Cook's and George's Rivers. Services were started
in the Oddfellows' Hall, Kogarah, in 1886. It was found, however^
that the major part of the Presbyterian families of that time resided in
or near Bexley. At a meeting held in October, 1886, it was agreed to
secure a site and build a church. A site was accordingly secured, and
a small school-church erected. The cost of the two amounted to ;^8oo.
The church was opened in 1887, and the Rev. Thomas Hill, M.A., was
inducted as first minister in January, 1888. In 1898 the church was
enlarged at a cost of ^261, and the enlarged building was opened free
of debt. Hurstville was an offshoot from Bexley, and was nursed by it
until it was erected into a separate parish. A similar nursing effort
has been started at Arncliffe. Sunday school work has been carried
on there for several years, and now a site has been secured and the

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 325

money raised wherewith a neat brick school-churcli has licen built, and
%ve expect to see ere long a self-sustaining charge in Arncliffe. Mr.
Hill has been the pioneer labourer settled in the St. George's district,
and he may well look with pride on the various parishes that have
sprung into existence as the fruit of his zealous labours.

Ei.DEKS from inception of parish :— Messrs. Wm. Taylor, James
Glen, \V. A. Crawford, Alex. George, Robert Craig, 1). L. Waugh,junr.,
E. J. Higgs, R. Churchill, Thos. Irvine, V. Bricknell, R. S. Reid,
P. C. (iosling, Thomas Roy, John Elder, and J. B. Gibson.

BOTANY.
Botany was originally worked in conjunction witli Riley Street
•congregation, of which the Rev. Samuel Humphries was minister. It is
on record that the Rev. John Dougall, Moderator of the Presbytery of
Sydney, was appointed to preach in Riley Street in the morning, and in
Botany in the evening of Sabbath, 15th November, 1868, and to intimate
that the Rev. S. Humphries and his people had been received into the
Presbyterian Church of New South Wales. Two years thereafter Mr.
Humphries demitted his charge, and having proceeded to Queensland,
became minister of Gympie Presbyterian Church. After Mr. Humphries'
departure the Presbytery of Sydney handed over the charge of Riley
Street and Botany to the Rev. Dr. Fullerton, of Pitt Street Church. A
committee having been appointed to enquire into the whole case of Riley
Street and Botany, the result was that the Presbytery appointed the
Rev. A. Crawford, from Victoria, to supply both pulpits. Mr. Hum-
phries having returned to New South Wales, and having been
reappointed to Riley Street, Mr. Crawford went to Queensland, and
succeeded Mr. Humphries in the Gympie charge. Dr. Fullerton, having
taken up the work at Botany, held service in the School of Arts there
from 1873 to 1876. In 1876 Waterloo with Botany was erected into a
parish, the Rev. T. J. Curtis being ordained and inducted.

' In 1879, through the liberality and kindly influence of Mr. John
Geddes, a suitable site for church and manse was secured. In
September, 1879, the foundation stone of a church was laid l)y the
Rev. Dr. Fullerton, and the neat brick and stone church erected
thereon was opened by the Rev. Dr. J. McGibbon in February, 1880.
The cost was about J[^^oq. As Mr. Geddes had contributed largely,
the congregation at his death erected a marble tablet to his memory in
the church. In 1885 a school-hall was opened, as a temporary church,
in North Botany, and the Rev. T. J. Curtis, with the assistance of the
Rev. John Sutherland, continued to hold service both in Botany and
North Botany for several years.

326 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

In 189 1 the Presbytery separated Botany and North ^Botany
from St. Luke's (Waterloo), and erected them into a parish, having
for its name the Alexandria parish, of which Botany formed the
major part. In 1894 a call from- Alexandria and Botany was given to
the Rev. G. S. Moorhead, and he was inducted in August.

In 1895 '^'^^ foundation stone of the manse was laid by Thos.
Brown, Esq., M.P. In that year a call from St. John's, Hobart, was
sent to Mr. Moorhead, and he accepted. With consent of Presbytery,
the name of the parish was changed from Alexandria to Botany.
Services were maintained by the Home Mission Committee until, in
April, 1903, a call was given to the Rev. James Carson, and he was
inducted as first minister of Botany as a separate charge. It is evident
from the above that the course of Botany parish has been of a
somewhat zig-zag description.

Elders: — Past: Messrs. Joshua Wiggins, John Lomax, James
Montgomery, John Jobson, Daniel Marrs, Joseph Laverty, James
Anderson, John E. Moffatt, Thomas Arden, James Morrison, Edwin
Clarke, and A. D. Robertson. Present Session: Messrs. William
Gammie, Robert Hamilton, James Sinclair, Gordon McKeand, Albert
Coleman, and H. C. Faram.

BROKEN HILL.

This parish is so far removed from any other in New South
Wales, that it was found advisable to connect it with Sydney
Presbytery, rather than with the Presbyteries of Murrumbidgee or
Bathurst, which are geographically nearest. The easiest way to reach
Broken Hill from Sydney is by Melbourne and Adelaide, a train journey
of 1,500 miles. The first minister settled in Broken Hill was the Rev.
H. S. Buntine, in December, 1890. Through his exertions a galvanized
iron church seating about 200 was erected. It is now lighted with
electricity, and is centrally situated, but too small and unattractive for
so important a city; where, indeed, there should be at least two
Presbyterian ministers settled.

Mr. Buntine was succeeded by the Rev. James Hendry, M.A., who
was inducted on 4th March, 1895, remaining until March, 1899, and did
valuable work. On loth July, 1900, the Rev. \V^ R. Milne was
translated from Clare, South Australia. Mr. Milne still continues to
labour faithfully and successfully in that large centre. Through the
operations of the Centenary I'und about ^200 has been contributed
towards the erection of a manse ; also a considerable sum through the
same Fund, and some ^300 more through the zeal specially of Mr.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 327

George Stevenson, S. M., has been donated for a new stone church,
the first portion of which is now built, the foundation stone being laid
by Mrs. Andrew Stenhouse, in March, 1905, and the church opened
in August by the Rev. Dr. 1). Paton, of Adelaide. The old church
has been moved back, and provides a Sunday school and hall.
The work at Broken Hill (with its 30,000 inhabitants) is of great
importance, but there are special difficulties, owing to climate,
ecclesiastical isolation, and the crowds of men who have no Church
connection or interest in religion. The men who serve the Church in
such outposts as this are worthy of double honour. Mr. Milne's work is
a markedly spiritual one, and he is held in high regard. Now that the
new church is built, we predict increased prosperity to the Presbyterian
cause. A site has recently l)een secured at Railway Town, and a
weatherboard cluirch hall has been erected, where evening services
and a Sunday school are held. P.S. — A manse has been purchased.

Elders : — Messrs. Duncan McLaren (deceased), Bruce Tennant
(now in South Africa), J. Somerville, R. A. McConnell, H. Fairweather,
and (ieorge Stevenson, S M.

BURWOOD, ST. JAMES'S.

In the year 1881 a meeting of those interested in the formation ot
a Presbyterian Church at Burwood was held in the School of Arts, and
a committee was elected to act with the Church Extension Committee
in arranging for Presbyterian services. The School of Arts was
engaged and the first service held in February, 1882, and was
conducted by the Rev. James Cosh, D.D., Moderator of the General
Assembly. In June of that year the congregation was erected into a
charge by the Presbytery, and the name of St. James's was given to it
some years later. An interim Session was appointed, with the Rev.
Dr. W. Moore White as Moderator.

The first minister was the Rev. Alexander Osborne, M.A. — recently
arrived from the Free Church of Scotland — who was ordained and
inducted in November, 1882, and held the pastorate with marked
success till 1892, when Mr. Osborne demitted and returned to Scotland,
where he has for years been minister of the large Free Martyrs' Church,
Dundee. Mr. Osborne took an earnest interest not only in his own
parish, but also in the general work of the Church, and his departure
was much regretted. He was succeeded by the Rev. James Alwyn Ewen,
who was inducted in 1892, and remained till 1899, when he was trans-
lated to Cairns' Memorial Church, East Melbourne, which he filled and

328 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

cleared from a large debt before his sudden death in 1904. The Rev,
Robert Scott West was called from New Zealand in August, 1899,
and is the present minister. The church, a handsome brick building,
was built under the ministry of Mr. Osborne, and subsequently
enlarged by the addition of a transept. It is seated for 450. There is
a splendid school hall, built in 1904, but no manse as yet. The
congregation is a large and influential one, and the services of Mr.
Scott West are much appreciated.

Elders since the formation of the parish. First Interim Session,
formed 17th December, 1883 : — The Revs. Alexander Osborne, M.A.,
Andrew Gardiner, M.A., Mr. J. Shedden Adam, senr. First Local
Session, formed 2nd March, 1884 — Messrs. R. K. Sidey, George
Rutherford, John Candlish, Charles William Norris (deceased) ; 1888—
James Stevenson (deceased), Thomas Gillespie, George Christie (removed
from district), Alexander McPherson; 1890— Robert Craig (removed from
district), William Wood ; 1892 — John Cameron, Stephen Mailer; 1895,
John Kirkland, William H. Tindell (deceased), James Prentice (removed
from district) ; 1898 — John Syme Dunlop, John Walker ; 1905 — Adam
Montgomery and Alexander Noble. The first session clerk was Mr.
C. W. Norris, followed by Mr. Thos. Gillespie, who is still in office.

CAMPSIE.

The Campsie Mission started with the purchase in August, 1903,
through assistance from the Church and Manse Loan Fund, of a weather-
board church which was in the market. The church was unfurnished
and presented only bare walls, but the new trustees forthwith set to work
and within a week the building was provided with all requisites, and the
first service was conducted by the Rev. John Walker, with a crowded
congregation. The mission was put under the charge of the
Marrickville Kirk Session, the Rev. Wm. Beck, Moderator, and no time
was lost in organising the district. Mr. F. L. A. Scliloeffel was the
first agent appointed, and he did excellent work. During his term
of service the property was fenced and the furnishings of the church
completed. He was followed by Mr J. McMurtrie in January, 1902,
and he continued to minister with much acceptance until July, when Mr.
W. S. Laurie was appointed, and continued until September, 1905.

There is a large and flourishing Sunday school, also a Band of
Hope and a Fellowship Association, and the musical element seems
particularly strong. There is thus every prospect that this promising
mission will soon develop into a self-sustaining parish.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

FIVE CHURCHES AND A MANSE

Plate 101

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

FOUR CHURCHES, SCHOOL, AND A MANSE

Plate 103

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 329

CANTERBURY.
The beginning of the Canterbury cliurch takes us back to the early
days when the Rev. William Ridley, M.A., a fine scholar and a devout
Christian minister, paid periodical visits from Sydney, and conducted
services at Northumberland Farm, the residence of the late Mr. Neil
Quigg. The Rev. A. N. Mackray, M.A., during his pastorate of
St. David's, Ashfield, conducted services every fortnight in the same
place. Then services were continued by the Rev. John Auld, M.A.,
at the farm, afterwards in an old Primitive Methodist church in
the town of Canterbury, until the stone church was erected in
Canterbury, mainly by donations from members and adherents of the
Ashfield Presbyterian Church, and opened for Divine service by the
late Rev. J. M. Ross, on 7th November, 1880. A Sunday school
was also carried on for years by workers from Ashfield church. At
present no services or Sunday school are conducted, which is greatly to
be regretted

CHALMERS CHURCH.
Started as a mission station in the southern portion of the city,
and in connection with St. Stephen's congregation, of which the Rev.
Alexander Salmon was then minister. It first met in a church or hall
known as Providence Chapel, in Parramatta Street, under the ministry
of tlie late Rev Wm. Lumsdaine. The congregation grew rapidly, and
a site having been secured in the Redfern district, the present
commodious church was built. Mr. Lumsdaine was called and
inducted as the first minister in September, 1856. Financial difficulties
having arisen, Mr. Lumsdaine returned to the Episcopal Church, in
which he had been brought up. The Rev. J. L. McSkimming arriving
from the Free Church of Scotland, was appointed to supply the pulpit,
and in 1859 he was inducted. He remained until 1863, when
circumstances arose which led to his resignation. The charge continued
in an enfeebled condition for several years, but on the arrival of the
Rev. Wazir Beg, M.D., he was appointed for a month, and his services
proved so acceptable that a call was addressed to him and he was
inducted in August, 1865. In January, 1885, Dr. Beg died, after
rendering useful service to the Church in various ways, and was
succeeded by the Rev. David Smith, M.A., just arrived from the Free
Church of Scotland, who greatly built up the congregation until, in
1891, he for health reasons accepted a call to Albury. In 1892 the Rev.
Jannes Milne, M.A. (brother-in-law of the Rev. John Burgess, M.A.),
was ordained and inducted. After Mr. Milne's translation to New

330 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Zealand, the Rev. G. D. Buchanan, from Wickham Terrace, Brisbane,
followed in August, 1897, the seating capacity of the church being
increased to 1,000. Mr. Buchanan was translated to Goulburn in
August, 1899, and was succeeded by the Rev. R. M. Legate, in
December, 1899, who after a brief pastorate, demitted in September^
1 90 1. The present pastor, the Rev. A. S. C. James, was translated
from Bendigo (Victoria) in February, 1902.

Since the induction of Mr. James, the congregation has made a
marked advance. The church is full, the organisation admirable, and
the congregational work, in all its departments, is carried forward with
heartiness and vigour. Mr. James has a special attraction for young
men and women, who form a very notable and interesting portion of
the congregation. A manse has not yet been provided, but we doubt
not that ere long Chalmers Church congregation will face and
accomplish this. A sum of money has been recently raised for a school
hall, for which land has been purchased adjoining the church.

Elders, in order of induction : — Messrs. John Dumble, John Kelly^
James McSkimming, James Kay, Peter Stewart, Joshua Wauhop, Robert
Scott, David Elrie, R. K. Sidey, David Moore, R. Macheson, A. S.
Murray, Duncan McRae, William ^Vood, John Scotford, R. F.
Williamson, Alexander Rae, Charles J. Christie, William Vert, Alfred
Mitchell, John Newell, Robert Grant, James Whan, W. Ferrier, James
Johnstone, W. Rae, John F. McRae, T. C. Roberts, C. Hebblewhite,
S. Mawson, and W. Simpson. Deacons: — Messrs. John McDiarmid,
A. L. Elphinston, Thomas Aitken, Robert Dunlop, Joshua Wauhop,
David Elrie, James Alexander, J. Halley, James Barnet, T. Aitken,
A. Spence, and R. McCall.

CHATS WOOD.

In January, 1896, services were started in this new suburb on the
North Shore line by the Rev. Dr. Bruce, in Chatswood Hall. The Rev.
Alexander Miller, M.A., took charge of the services in July. After
organizing and ministering to the congregation, Mr. Miller received a
unanimous call and was inducted as the first minister in October, 1896.
In October, 1898, the memorial stones of a school church were laid,
one by the Hon. Alexander Kethel, M.L.C., and the other by George
Howarth, M.L.A. The building is of brick with slated roof, and
capable of seating 250. It was opened for public worship in December,
1898. The congregational machinery is in good working order, and as
the locality is a progressive one, the congregation may be expected to
grow rapidly.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 331

The Session was formed in January, 1897, by the ordination of
Messrs. *A. M. McLean, S. '1'. Marchant, and the induction of Messrs.
Wm. Miller (father of the minister), and James Burt. Of these,
Mr. Marchant left the district in 1898, Mr. Burt died in 1900, and
Mr. Miller in 1902. The following elders have also held office: —
Messrs. Alex. Noble, J. H. Bennett, Charles E. Rennie, J. S. E. Ellis,.
A. D. Henderson, Allan Cameron, J. E. McLean, J. Osborne,
A. Meldrum, W. Symington, *Bruce Campbell, *William Holland^
*John Beveridge, and *John Fottie. *Present Session.

DOUBLE BAY.

This mission is an off-shoot from Woollahra parish. In 1889
Miss Isabella Coleman, lady visitor of Woollahra (and for the past
twelve years a missionary in China), commenced a Sunday school in
the Skatmg Rink. In 1891 there were six teachers and seventy-six
scholars. In 1893, as the Rink was to be sold, the Woollahra Church
Committee purchased the building, with a lease of the land for two
years with power to remove the hall. Mr. J. A. Dean generously
floored the building and put it in order, and a number of friends
donated time and gifts towards making the building a presentable
Mission Hall. In 1894 a Mission Committee was appointed, with
Mr. C. C. Kennett as Hon. Superintendent, and Sunday evening
Gospel Services were commenced, conducted by Woollahra workers
and friends. In 1894 there were 129 Sunday school scholars and ten
teachers. In 1895 '^he Woollahra Session appointed Mr. Joseph
McDowell Superintendent of the Mission with a small salary. This-
position he held for about four years. When Mr. McDowell left,
Mr. Pulsford acted for some time, and did valuable voluntary work
both in Mission and Sunday school, supported by an earnest staff of
workers and encouraged by the minister of Woollahra, who, for several
years, took the responsibility of raising the necessary funds. In 1900
a frontage site was purchased for ^^250, and the hall was removed
on to it. In 1904 Double Bay was recognised by the Presbytery
as a ^lission Station under the care of Woollahra Session, and it
received a grant from the Home Mission Fund. In July, 1904,
the Rev. ^V. M. Smith, M.A., took charge of the work, which
has prospered under his labours. Steps are now being taken
with a view to raising the Mission to the status of a sanctioned charge
and calling a minister.

332 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

DRUMMOYNE, GRIMM MEMORIAL.

The cutting-up of several estates into building allotments led to the
gathering of a large population in the neighbourhood of Drummoyne.
On one of these — the Tranmere estate — sites for churches had Ijeen
reserved, and one was available for the Presbyterians. The movement
which issued in the formation of the Drummoyne parish was started by
the Rev. George Grimm, M.A., of West Balmain. He spent much time
visiting the families resident in the district, and commenced to hold service
in a hall adjoining the Oxford Hotel. In June, 1888, a general meeting
was held and a committee of management appointed, with Mr. Whitney
as treasurer and Mr. W. A. Cameron as secretary. These two, with the
addition of Mr. James Henderson, were nominated as trustees. Mr.
Grimm was appointed president and Mr. Henderson vice-president of
the committee. A harmonium was purchased, and arrangements
made for the praise part of the service. In May, 1891, a Sabbath
school was started and opened with an attendance of thirteen scholars,
and with the aid of teachers from Balmain the Sabbath school grew
apace, and in 1899 had 125 on the roll. In 1896 it was determined
to make a strenuous effort to get a church erected, Mr. William Wright
having already donated ;!^5o for that purpose. A bazaar and concert
were arranged for, and contributions obtained, an e.xtra ^200 being
raised by mortgaging the land. In 1897 the station was separated from
West Balmain and formed into a Home Mission charge, and placed
under the supervision of the Glebe Session.

Arrangements having been made for the erection of a church, to
be called the Grimm Memorial Church, for the sum of ;^323 15s.,
a large gathering assembled to witness the laying of the foundation
stone. The Rev. John Auld, M.A., Convener of the Home Mission
Committee, presided, and the foundation stone was laid by Mrs.
Manson, the amount placed on the stone being ;^35. A memorial
stone was also laid by Mrs. C Robinson, daughter of the Rev. G. Grimm,
on Saturday, 2nd April, 1898. The church was opened by the Rev. Dr.
Clouston, Moderator of Session. The first observance of the Lord's Supper
took place in February, 1898, when thirty-five persons communicated.

The agents sent by the Home Mission Committee to occupy the field
were Messrs. J. Keith Miller and W. J. Renton, and the Rev. James Cosh,
B.A., B.D., all of whom did good service. The station having been made
a sanctioned charge in June, 1900, Mr. Cosh, the present minister, was
inducted in July, 1900, and the parish is prospering under his ministry.

Elders: — Messrs. J. A. Anderson (Clerk), J. B. Scobie, J.
Henderson, and R. C. Maders. Committee: — Messrs. J. B. Shaw, A.
Moir, J. Robertson, S. J Janes, S. J. Bull, J. A Menzies, A, E. Carfrae,
S. P. Maddock, A. E. Ramsay, H. Nell, W. Walker, and W. H. Sutton.

PRESB YTER V OF SYDNE Y 335

DULWICH HILL.

In 1892 Presljyteriaii services were commenced in this suburh,
and the Rev. J. J. F L. Fergusson, M.A., settled as first minister.
For various reasons, however, tlie movement did not succeed, and
in January, 1894, was, very unfortunately, given up.

After several years, in June, 1903, at a meeting which was addressed
by the Revs. Dr. Bruce, John Walker, Wm. Beck, of Marrickville, and
Mr. William Wood, it was resolved to form a Presbyterian charge at
Duhvich Hill. A Committee was appointed, with Mr. D. K. Telfer as
('hairman, R. J. Fergusson Secretary, and Mr. iVLilhie Treasurer. A
brief canvass showed subscriptions amounting to ^^^31. An allotment
of land was leased and a school hall erected at a cost of about ^90, and
in September, 1903. the hall was opened for public worship by the
Rt. Rev. The Moderator (J. '1\ Main, M.A.) and the Rev. William Beck.
A Ladies' Guild was formed, with Mrs. Beck as President, and a Sale
of Work was held, yielding ;£\(:) — by which the debt on the building
was extinguished. A suitable site for a church, fronting the New
Canterbury Road, was secured at a cost ofp^35o — a deposit of ;^5o
was paid, the balance to be paid within ten years. This site has
already nearly doubled in value. A Sale of Work followed, yielding
^66. Various ministerial agents were provided by the Home
Mission Committee, and in February, 1904, the Rev. James
MacAndrew, M A., was placed in charge, and continued till
March, 1905. The Rev. Richard Jennings has now the Mission in
his care. There is a flourishing Sunday school. At the communion, in
October, 1904, thirty-three communicants were present. The income
from all sources at the end of 1904 amounted to ^^330. The prospects
of this young parish are encouraging. A new church to seat about
250 is nearly built, and the present building is to be used for the
Sunday school. A minister should soon be settled here.

EPPING— ERMINGTON.
In 1894 the Rev. James Marshall, who had been appointed to
Hornsby, visited this district, and arranged to hold a service in the
house of Mr. James Stewart, and for some time services were held in
W^alker's Hall, and later, until the church was erected, in the residence
of Mr. M. F. VoUmer. The first Committee consisted of Messrs. G.
Boasely, Vollmer, Stewart, Johnson, Garrard, and Nicholas ; of these
Mr. Vollmer was asked to act as treasurer, and Mr. Stewart as
secretary. At the beginning of 1895 a block of land at the corner of

334 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Bridge and Railway Streets was open for purchase. Mrs. Nicholas and
Mr. Stewart secured it and paid a deposit, then offered it to the
Committee, who took it over. A special effort was made, which yielded
sufficient to pay for the land (^30), leaving ^50 toward a building
fund.

In November, 1896, the foundation stone of a church was laid by
Mrs. John Kirkland of Burwood, and a farther sum of ;^65 was laid
on the stone. In the following February the church was opened by the
Rev. John Ferguson, of St. Stephens, Sydney. Epping was for a time
attached to Thornleigh, but later was again conjoined with Ermington,
where mission work had been carried on by the late Rev. S. T.
Dickinson of Gladesville, and Mr. E. Puckering, Sunday school
superintendent of Epping. The church, of which only half a section
has been built as yet, cost ;!^29o, and until 1903 had an overdraft
of ^180. This debt was taken over by the Church and Manse Loan
Fund, and in sixteen months ;^ioo has been repaid, leaving a debt of
only ;^8o. This Home Mission charge e.xtends from the Pariamatta
River to Epping, embracing Dundas, Ermington, Carlingford, Meadow-
bank, Marsfield, and Epping, and is under the spiritual oversight of
Burwood session.

There are two flourishing Sunday schools at Epping and at
Ermington. Ermington has a church building fund, but no church as yet.
Services are conducted in a small hall kindly set apart for the purpose by
Mr. John Edwards. The services hitherto have been conducted by
agents of the Home Mission Committee. Mr. H. R. Grassick has been
in charge for over three years — since April, 1902 — and under him great
l)rogress has been made in strengthening and extending.

GLADESVILLE.
In the year 1887 the Rev. John Miller Ross, General Agent of the
Church, conducted the first services in the Protestant Halk In
November of that year preparations were commenced for building a
church. A site was purchased, and plans were drawn. In October,
1888, the foundation stone was laid by Wm. Wright, Esq., of Drummoyne
House, and in July, 1889, the church was opened by the Rev. Archibald
Gilchrist, LL.D., Moderator of the General Assembly. The church is a
handsome stone structure and cost, including land, ;^i,384. The
manse adjoins the church and stands in the midst of a spacious garden,
the property having been recently purchased at a cost of ^^500. There
is no school-hall or glebe. Abbotsford is a preaching station which
has received Sunday services for years.

%

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 335

Before llie settlement of a minister, llie following supplied the
pulpit and parish : — The Revs. I). W. Davies, G. K. Stowell, Messrs.
R. Miller, B.A., W. H. Oliphant Smeaton, M.A., the Revs. J.
MacAndrew, M.A, John Wilson, M.A., and Mr. George Milne.

In December, 1890, the Rev. S. T. Dickinson was called and
inducted as the first settled minister. After fourteen years of faithful
ministry, Mr. Dickinson was called to his rest and reward in November,
1904. A successor has not yet been inducted, but the Rev. Ewing J.
Thomson is at present in charge of the parish.

Elders : — Messrs. T. S. Pidding and J. W. Park.

GLEBE.

Initial services were begun at the University Hotel, Broadway, (Hebe,
on 1 8th October, 1874. After about seven months the congregation
removed to a temporary building, i)ending the erection of the present
church, which cost with site about ^10,000, and was opened for public
worship in March, 1879, free of debt. Mr. J. Paxton, Messrs. McCredie
Brothers, and the Messrs. Elphinstone were very liberal givers.

The first minister was the Rev. Andrew Gardiner, M.A., who was
inducted on 14th June, 1875, and laboured with remarkable evidences
of success for fifteen years. He was succeeded by the Rev. T. E.
Clouston, D.D., who was called from Penrith, and inducted in April,
1 89 1. The church is a handsome stone building, seated for 510
persons, and the site is a very prominent and valuable one. There is a
large school-hall in the basement of the church. There is no manse
nor glebe, and there are no out-stations, except a mission in Bay Street,
where a valuable mission work has been done for years by the Glebe
Fellowship Association. Under Dr. Clouston's able ministry the con-
gregation is one of the most vigorous and fruitful in the metropolis.
From its Fellowship Association have come forth not a few ministers
and elders.

Elders : — 1875 — The Rev. John Kinross (resigned 1887), Messrs.
Joseph Paxton (died 1882), George Spence (died 1897), William
McCredie (died 1882), David Elphinstone, Andrew McCredie; 1883 —
Lewis Moore (died 1885), William McKenzie (resigned 1903), Alexander
McCredie (resigned 1892; 1885 — Neil Livingstone (resigned 1901);
1889— James S. Mollison (resigned 1896), George Rigg (died 1898),
Joseph Knox (resigned 1894) ; 1894 — \Villiam S. Park (resigned 1898),
Alfred R. Bowie (resigned 1901); 1897 — William B. Gibson, Peter C.
Trotter (resigned 1904), Dr. J. Walker-Smith, Joseph Ada (resigned
1899); 1901 — William Webster, Hector Kidd, A. W'. 'I'homson,
Charles Wynne ; 1904 — George Rigg and Arthur M. Merrington.

33^ HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

HORNSBY— THORNLEIGH— BEECROFT.

This parish embraces the district bordering on the Main Northern
Railway from Devlin's Creek in the south to Colah in the north. The
original population of orchardists is being gradually increased by suburban
residents and railway employees. Local industries are also springing up.

The progress of the Presbyterian Church in the district has not
been rapid, but on the whole there has been steady advance. Services
were commenced at Hornsby towards the close of 1893 by the Rev. Dr.
Bruce, and continued by Mr. Hugh Young, under the direction of the
Home Missionary Committee. The Rev. James Marshall visited the
district in December of the same year, and was soon afterwards appointed
minister-in-charge. Hornsby was made the chief centre, with out-
stations at Turramurra, Carlingford, Thornleigh, and Pymble. Mr.
Marshall was inducted to Hornsby-Pymble parish on 24th January, 1896.
In the following year changes were made, Pymble becoming Mr.
Marshall's parish, and Hornsby with Wahroonga being made a Home
Mission charge. Wahroonga was soon afterwards formed into a separate
parish. Thornleigh was for some years severed from Hornsby and
united to Carlingford (now Epping). It was again joined to Hornsby in
October, 1898.

Hornsby-Thornleigh was made a sanctioned charge by the Presby-
tery of Sydney, on loth September, 1901. Moderation in a call was.
granted, and the Rev. W. H. Drewett inducted on 3rd December, 1901.
The call was signed by 43 communicants and 40 adherents. For some
years the orcharding districts of Galston, Arcadia, and Glenorie formed
part of the parish. They were disjoined and formed into a Home
Mission charge in 1903. Services were commenced at Beecroft in
April of the same year.

A church hall was l)uilt in Hornsby in 1895 '■> ^ schoolroom has.
since been added. Though the site is admirable and has greatly
increased in value, the building is unattractive, which in part accounts,,
no doubt, for the slow growth of the congregation. At Thornleigh,.
largely owing to the energy of Mrs. Thomas Hall, a commodious village
church was opened in 1900. Both buildings have been sufficiently
supplied with all requisites for public worship, and are free from debt,,
e.xcept balances due to the Church and Manse Loan Fund. A site for
a church has been secured in the rapidly-improving suburb of Beecroft.
'I'he congregation here worships, at present, in the School of Arts.

The total amount contributed by the parish for all Church purposes
last year was ^321 ; in the previous year, ;^24o. The number of
communicants on the roll is 71 ; Sunday-school scholars in attendance^
120 ; average Sunday congregation, about 140.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

FOUR CHURCHES

Plate 103

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

FIVE CHURCHES

Plate 101,

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

Nr«ia

l^v.

ST. PETER'S CHURCH AND MANSE, NORTH SYDNEY,
WAHROONGA MANSE, MAN LY CHURCH AND MANSE

I'late 105

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

VARIOUS CHURCHES AND MANSES

(Plwtoijrn/jhs receiuecl too late for classification).

Plate 100

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 337

Proi'p:rty : — Land and church and school buildings at Hornsby,
value ^550; land and church at 'lliornlcigh, value _;,{^400 ; land at
Beecroft, value jQdo.

Preaching Centres : — Hornsby, Thornleigh, and Beecroft.

Elders: — 1900 — Messrs. *J. Reeves, *W. A. Kershaw, A. H.
Ponton; 1903 — *D. McCall and *J. Imlay Forsyth. * Present Session.

HUNTER BAHXIE MEMORIAL, ANNANDALE.

This magnificent church was erected by the late Mrs. J. Hunter
Baillie at her own expense, in memory of her husband. Richly do the
names of Mr. and Mrs. Hunter Baillie deserve to be long and gratefully
remembered by us, for great was the liberality displayed by both in the
cause of religion and education. Prior to the erection of the church,
Mrs. Hunter Baillie stipulated that the Rev. P. F. Mackenzie, formerly
of Paddington and a nephew by marriage, should be the first
minister and should have a vested interest in the church for life.
In selecting a suitable location, Mr. Mackenzie, with the concurrence
of Mrs. Hunter Baillie, chose Annandale, on the ground mainly
that there was a rapidly-growing population there and but little
provision for the supply of religious ordinances. A suitable site
was procured at a cost of ^1,300 and arrangements made for
starting the work forthwith. As no suitable meeting-place was
available meanwhile, it was determined to get a school-hall erected
without delay. This was opened in February, 1886, and the Sabbath
school started with fifty children, both Mr. and Mrs. Mackenzie
lakmg great personal interest in the work. The Sabbath school has
prospered greatly and is now one of the largest of our schools. For
three years, divine service was conducted in the school-hall during the
erection of the church. The church is a noble building in the Gothic
style, with a magnificent spire 182 feet high. The interior is beautifully
fitted up, having a row of massive granite pillars running down each
aisle, and stained glass windows all round. The pulpit and baptismal
font are of Oamaru stone, richly carved. There is seating accommo-
dation for 550. A spacious vestry is attached to the church, and
underneath is an infants' classroom.

The church was opened on 23rd February, 1889, by the Rev. P. F.
Mackenzie and the Rev. Dr. Alex. Marshall, of the Scots Church,
Melbourne, who also conducted the services on the following Sunday.
A solid silver communion service, a splendid pipe organ and a com-
modious manse with ample grounds followed, all gifts of Mrs. Hunter
Baillie, the total outlay being not far short of ;^35,ooo. The whole

V

33^ HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

will ultimately become the property of the Presbyterian Church of New
South Wales. For a good many years Mr. Mackenzie laboured single-
handed and with much success in the building up of the congregation,
a success due to no inconsiderable extent to the effective aid of his
noble-hearted wife, a daughter of the Rev. Dr. J. D. Lang. But failing
health constrained him to apply for assistance, and among those who
acted in that capacity may be mentioned the Revs. James Cosh, B.D.,
and George Paul. After a time, however, it became evident that a
more satisfactory arrangement would be the appointment of a colleague
and successor. The Rev. R. Moorhead Legate, B.A., successfully
occupied the position of colleague for a year, and, on Mr. Legate
accepting a call to Chalmers Church, was followed in June, 1901, by the
Rev. James S. Scott, called from Inverell, under whose ministry the
congregation is in a flourishing condition.

The Rev. P. F. Mackenzie departed this life on the 26th October,
1904, mourned by many friends. Mr. Mackenzie was a most courteous,
warm-hearted gentleman, and the very soul of hospitality. If he was
" a braw fechter," he fought fairly, and bore no malice ; he was an
enthusiastic, loyal Presbyterian.

Elders: — Messrs. R. A. Riddell, G. Farquhar, R. E. Blanchard,
A. P. Mackellar, E. Martin, J. A. McLityre, J. McAlpine, J. Maclean,
R. Long, D. F. Aitcheson, and A. G. Kebblewhite, and the Rev. William
Mackenzie.

HURSTVILLE.
Hurstville was originally an outpost of Bexley parish, of which the
Rev. T. Hill, M.A., is the minister. The Rev. Robert Kay, M.A.,
resigned Glen Innes to take up and develop the new parish of
Hurstville. His induction took place in February, 1895. Things were
in a very rudimentary condition when he arrived. There was a
weatherboard church and the nucleus only of a congregation. The
church has since been much improved and now affords accommodation
for 250 worshippers, while an infant Sabbath school has been added
and duly equipped. At Dumbleton, a mile and a half from Hurstville,
services were started in a mission hall in 1901. This movement has
resulted in the erection of a tasteful mission church, capable of
accommodating 180, in which well-attended services are regularly held.
Mr. Henry Gresham, one of the elders, has in many ways advanced the
work at Dumbleton. A Sabbath school, with an average attendance of
sixty five, meets every Sunday afternoon. The Hurstville Sabbath school
has an average attendance of al)Out 250 children. The debt, which

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 339

was considerable when Mr. Kay took cliarge, has been almost entirely
■cleared off. The church is full at all services ; the communicants
number it2, and all the agencies are in a vigorous condition.

Elders, since formation of parish : — Messrs. W. A. Crawford,
Thomas McKee (deceased), Edward J. Higgs (left district), Henry
Gresham, Charles Milne, and W. H. Paterson (left district).

KOGARAH.

Kogarah formed one of a cluster of preaching stations started
along the South Coast line, and was for a time worked in conjunction with
Rockdale, but in 1889 it became a separate parish. In 1890 the Rev.
Robert Inglis, M.A., was inducted as first minister, and held the
pastorate for about three years. After a twelve months' vacancy, the Rev.
James Lamont, F.L.S., of East Maitland, was inducted in 1894,
accepting a call to the new charge of Mosman in 1898. In the
following year the Rev. James Adamson, M.A., was inducted, and, after
ministering for twelve months, resigned. After his departure the
parish was supplied by the Home Mission Committee for a period of
three years. The Rev. A. Thain Anderson, M.A , spent twelve months
in the charge and Mr. E. N. Merrington, M.A , sixteen months. On
6th April, 1903, the Rev. James Keith Miller was inducted, and under
his active and kindly ministry the parish is progressuig well.

In 1892 steps were taken to erect a church and manse, and both
were completed, at a cost of /'i,6oo, in 1893 The present debt is
/"990, but is now being steadily reduced. The churcli is seated for
200, and we have few prettier manses. A Sabbath school was started
at the outset, and has maintained a vigorous existence ever since.

Elders: — Messrs. James Robinson, William H. Patterson, John
Caldwell, W. J. Thompson, and David Steel (no longer on the roll).
The present Session consists of Messrs. J. G. Lockington, P. L. Gordon,
and Frederick J. Polley.

LANE COVE.

Services were started at Woolwich in the year 1885, and at
Greenwich in 1899, the latter under the auspices of North St. Leonards
congregation. These are the two preaching centres, they having been
formed into a sanctioned charge in July, 1902 — the Rev. Robert
Jackson, M.A., being inducted as the first minister. There are two
pieces of land belonging to the parish. The one at Greenwich — a
splendid site — was given by Dr. John Hay, of Crow's Nest. The site

340 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

at ^\'ool\vich has been purchased by the congregation, and is now free
of debt. At Greenwich we have a temporary wooden school church,
which will henceforth be used as a school hall, a very handsome brick
church, costing about ^i,ooo, having just been erected, the generous
gift of Mr. John Taylor of Rothesay, Greenwich, in memory of a
beloved daughter. The church was opened by the Rev. Ronald
G. Macintyre, B.D., in November, 1905, the Rev. Dr. Bruce presiding.
Elders : — Messrs. James R. Thomson, J. B. Holdsworth, John
Turner, and Robert Mathers.

LEICHHARDT.

The first services connected with the Presbyterian Church were
held in the Albert Hall, Parramatta Road, on 8th February, 1885.
These services were maintained by the Rev. J. M. Ross and others,,
until the appointment of the Rev. H. A. Hutchison, B.Sc. A year
later Mr. Hutchison was inducted as first minister of Leichhardt, de-
mitting in 1888. After a vacancy of eleven months the Rev. J. W. Inglis-
was inducted in January, 1889, but after a brief pastorate of eighteen
months he accepted a call to Parramatta. The third minister .was the
Rev. Andrew Mackay, inducted December, 1890. In May, 1896,
Mr. Mackay accepted a call to WoUongong, where he died on 22nd
December, 1899. It was not till July, 1900, that the late minister, the
Rev. H. Stewart Anderson, M A , was inducted, the parish having in
the interval been supplied by agents of the Home Mission Committee.
In February, 1904, Mr. Anderson resigned, and was succeeded in June
by the Rev. George Milne, late of Wellington, N.S.W.

The congregation has had a hard struggle with financial difficulties-
connected with the [)rocuring of the necessary buildings. A brick
school hall, capable of seating about 250, was erected, and this has for
the present to serve as a church. A manse was bought and enlarged,,
but sold again at a loss. A heavy mortgage still rests upon the property^
but under the energetic ministry of Mr. Anderson the congregation was
well organised and the debt reduced, and under Mr. Milne's ministry
should gradually get over its difficulties and attain to a position of great
usefulness in the midst of a dense po[)ulation. Towards this end Mr.
R. A. Mackintosh has been one of tlie most indefatigable workers. The
vSabbath school and other congregational agencies are being carried oa
with vigour.

Elders: — Messrs. Robert Symes, E. G. I'airman, James Kilpatrick^
James Jamieson, James Johnson, K. O. Taylor, John Sutherland, John
McGregor, Edward J. Higgs, and John Clark.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 341

LIN I) FIELD.

On 3rd July, 1900, a meeting was held at the residence of Mr.
William Cowan to take steps for the starting of Presbyterian services
and for the erection of a church at Lindfield. I'he Rev. James Marshall,
of Pymble, presided, and, owing mainly to his exertions, the foundation
^tone was laid by Mrs. Manson in September of that year. The church
■was opened in January, 1901, as a branch of the Pymble parish, and
services were regularly held.

The station was in 1903 made into a Home Mission charge, and
placed under the moderatorship of the Rev. W. H. Ash. A call was given
to the Rev. James Steele, of Picton, which was accepted by him and, in
March, 1904, he was inducted as first minister of the new parish, which
includes portions of Roseville and Killara, where settlement is rapidly
proceeding. So far the progress made has been very satisfactory, and
the prospects are most encouraging. The congregation notified the
Home Mission Committee that they required no further aid from
that Fund after December, 1904.

Elders: — Messrs. Henry Brown (session clerk), Charles Cox, and
E. H. Palmer. The Sunday school superintendent is Mr. S. W.
Pulsford, and the trustees are Messrs. William Cowan, A. J. Eraser, and
J. A. Hunter.

MANLY.

In 1884 a preaching station was established at Manly by the
■Church Extension Committee, services being held in the Oddfellows'
Hall. A year later, the station was erected into a sanctioned charge,
and the Rev. T. G. Molyneux, B.A., LL.B., was inducted as first minister,
-with Messrs. Alexander Dean, H. L. Black, and James Antrobus as elders.

An admirable site in Raglan Street, overlooking the park, having
laeen secured, the gift of the late Henry Gilbert Smith, the congregation
set about raising funds for the erection of a church. From plans
prepared by Mr. John Sulman the present beautiful edifice, capable of
seating 300, was built, and on Saturday, 19th April, 1890, was opened.
The Rev. Dr. T. E. Clouston preached the opening sermon, the Revs.
J. Miller Ross, Dr. Cosh, and Dr. Dill Macky taking part in the service.
By-and-bye the church was furnished with an excellent pipe organ, an<;l
the tower was provided with a fine bell, given in memory of Mr. T. H.
Mate of Albury by his widow. A handsome manse, erected on an
admirable site adjoining the church, followed. To the liberality of the
late Mr. W. J. McGaw the congregation is mainly indebted for the
manse, he having donated ;!^2,ooo for the purpose. He also gave ^600

342 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

towards the organ. Mr. Molyneux, after a successful ministry^
resigned and returned to England, where he is now the pastor of a
congregation in Liverpool. After a vacancy of nearly a year, the Rev.
John Anderson Gardiner, B.A., formerly of Manchester, Glasgow,
and New Zealand, accepted the call to Manly, and on 30th
December, 1895, was inducted into the parish. Mr. Gardiner's fame as
an able and eloquent preacher soon attracted large numbers to the
church, so much so that during the summer season, when Manly is full
of summer visitors from all parts of the States, the sitting accommodation
is not only taxed to its utmost, but often visitors are unable to find
admittance. The office-bearers are, we believe, seriously thinking of
enlarging the church. From the first Mr. Gardiner felt much straitened in
his work, especially among the young, by the fact that there was no
church hall for congregational and social purposes. Knowing how
indispensable such a building is, Mr. Gardiner set himself, by the
raising of funds, to supply this much-felt want. So earnestly and
successfully have the various organisations of the church lent themselves,
to this task that, despite a heavy burden of debt upon the church, there
has been raised during the last seven years for the Hall Fund no less
than ;^90o. The Women's Guild and the Sunday school, as well as kind
friends within and outside the congregation, have contributed to bring
about this result. The site of the proposed hall lies between the church
and manse, and was sold on most reasonable terms to the congregation
by the late Hon. Wm. Allen, M.L.C., of Brisbane. In getting thus far the
Minister has been specially aided by the generous help of John A.
Paterson, F. Trenchard Smith, James Stedman, and J. Stuart Thorn.
When the hall is built, it will, with the manse and church*
form a valuable property, combining the practically useful and the
architecturally excellent.

List of Eldkrs from organisation of parish : — Messrs. James
Antrobus, Henry Longfield Black, Alexander Dean, Thomas Littlejohn,
John Cameron, Francis Kirkpatrick, James A. Paterson, John M. Paxton>
H. E. Stevenson, William Horner Fletcher, John A. Paterson, Charles J.
Christie, J. Stuart Thoni, and L. \\. Johnstcjn.

MARRICKVILLE.

In i<S(SS the first Presbyterian service was conduclcd in the
Protestant Hall !))■ the Rev. John Auld, M.A., Moderator of the General
Assembly. After service a committee was ap[)()inted consisting of
Messrs. Walker, Clyde, Whitelaw, Watson, Ritchie (two), Adam

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 343

McDonald, liirse, Munro, Robbie, and Ikown. Services were
continued first in the Protestant Hall, and afterwards in the Excelsior
Hall, until the church was built.

In September, 1889, the Rev. James Milne was settled as first
minister of Marrickville. In March, 1891, he resigned, and there was
some talk of discontinuing the services ; but thr(jugh the zeal and
liberality of that worthy elder, Mr. John Aldcorn, that untoward issue
was averted. On the death of Mr. Aldcorn a marble memorial tablet
v^-as erected in the church to his memory.

The Rev. James Fletcher Briggs having been appointed to work the
charge, a movement was started for the building of a church, and in
1893 the church was opened. The erection of the building was largely
due to the energy and zeal of Mrs. Briggs. In August, 1893, Mr.
Briggs, having been received into the ministry of the Presbyterian
Church, was inducted. He resigned in April, 1901, and in October of
that year was followed by the Rev. William Beck, translated from Esk,
in Queensland. Thereafter the congregation grew so rapidly that an
enlargement was determined on. This was speedily effected, and the
church, as enlarged and provided with a pipe organ, was opened by the
Rt. Rev. John Walker, Moderator of the General Assembly, in August,
1902. The pulpit was the gift of Mr. H. Murray, St. Peters. Mr.
Beck, by his kindly nature, earnestness, and ability, so won the
affection of his large congregation and the regard of his brethren in the
ministry, that his departure for Launceston, Tasmania, in February,
1905, was greatly regretted. The congregation have, however, secured
as its pastor the Rev. John Burgess, M.A., of Kiama, inducted 25th
August, 1905, under whom the congregation should make great progress.

Elders : — Messrs. Robert Cook, John McDonald, Robert Anderson,
John Aldcorn, *John Ramage, Frank Geisow, *Thos. Watson, ^Robert
Rillen, *David Telfer, sen., George McLeod, and *E. Child. *These
constitute the present Session.

MOSMAN.

Started in February, 1898, by the Home Mission Committee, and
so rapid was the progress that in the following month it was erected
into a sanctioned charge, and on 31st May the Rev. James Lamont,
F.L.S., of Kogarah, was inducted as the first minister. \Vhen
erected into a parish it was placed under the supervision of the Neutral
Bay Session ; but when the Rev. David Arthur and Mr. John MacKillop
became elders, the interim session was superseded b)' the permanent one.

344 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

No time was lost in taking steps for the erection of a building. A
commodious church hall, built of brick with slated roof, and seated for
240, was speedily opened, and contributed much to the comfort of the
rapidly-increasing congregation. The Sabbath School, an offshoot
from Neutral Bay, has now attained a vigorous growth under separate
management. There are 14 teachers and 190 scholars on the roll.

There is no manse and no permanent church as yet, but we under-
stand the building of such is talked of. The church property, hall and
ground, is valued at ^1,500, and is now free from debt. Mosman is a
rapidly-growing suburb, and it is well for the congregation to have for it.s
pastor one so able and so experienced as Mr. Lamont. The Com-
munion roll contains 140 names.

Elders : — Former members of Session : The Rev. D. xA.rthur, the
Rev. R. S. Paterson, Messrs. John MacKillop, Gavin A. Steel, and W.
Home. Now in ofifice : Messrs. R. Sutherland, T. McLachlan, W.
Scott Fell, and S. J. Carruthers.

NEUTRAL BAY.

The Neutral Bay parish was initiated in 1889 by the Rev. H. A.
Hutchison, B.Sc, then minister of North St. Leonards, as a branch of
that charge. The services were started in a very humble way in a
somewhat dilapidated carpenter's shop.

In 1890 the congregation was separated from North St. Leonards
and erected into a sanctioned charge, under the name of Neutral Bay. In
that same year the first portion of the present handsome church was built
— the foundation stone being laid by Mrs. Robert Craig on 26th April,
1890 — and the Rev. Robert Thomson, now of South Australia, was
inducted in July as first minister. Mr. Thomson continued to minister
till 1892, when he resigned. He was succeeded by the Rev.
Robert Hope Waugh, M.A., the present minister, who was trans-
lated from Wollongong in February, 1893. During his ministry
the church, built of brick and stone, has been enlarged and
otherwise improved. It is now seated for 250, and is one of our leading
suburban churches. There are a large Sabbath school, two Christian
Endeavour Societies, Sabbath Morning Fellowshi]) and Women's
Missionary Associations in connection with the church. Mr. Waugh
has the comfort of ininistering to a harmonious and much-attached
flock, increasing in numbers and strength from year to year, l-'or the
year 1904-5 he was Moderator of the General As.sembly, and admirably

k

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 345

represented our (Church in thr niihlic lifi' and |)hilanthr()[)ic movements
of the State.

EldkrS: — Messrs. J. McKillop and J. H. Wood (first .Session),
Captain Robert Oaig, Messrs. H. H. Kemp, W . McC^lelland Inglis, J.
•S. Mollison, J. \\. Beatson, and W. H. McLean.

NEWTOWN, ST. ENOCH'S.

Services were started in Newtown by the Rev. W. S. I )onald, about
the year 1863. Under his ministry the first church was built, of brick
and stone, seated for 240. The foundation stone was laid in 1865, and
it was opened in August, 1865, by the Revs. Dr. Lang and Dr. Steel.

The first minister was the Rev. Dr. Gilchrist, inducted in 1868. In
1874 he left for Melbourne, and was succeeded by the Rev. A. M. Tait
in that year. Mr. Tait was translated to Goulburn in 1876. He was
followed by the Rev. Robert Collie, F.L.S., in 1877. Mr. Collie died on
1 8th April, 1892, greatly regretted, and was succeeded in November of
that year by the Rev. T. U'. Dunn, called from Albert Park, Melbourne.

The original church was pulled down in 1885, and replaced by the
present handsome structure, seated for 600. There is a manse adjoining
the church, and also a school hall. About a year ago a splendid
memorial wind(nv was put in at the end of the church by Mrs. Dickson,
of \\'oollahra, in memory of her husband, Mr. James Dickson, one of
the leading office-bearers and most liberal supporters of the congregaticjn
for many years. A large and prosperous congregation was built up by
the zealous labours of the Rev. T. \V. Dunn, and the cordial co-operation
of the willing labourers associated with him. Mr. Dunn departed
this life suddenly on 13th August, 1904. "His sun went down
while it was yet day" and when his usefulness was at its height. He
was very widely esteemed, both in his own parish and throughout
the State. In February, 1905, a call was addressed to the Rev. R. J.
Wallace, of Singleton, who was inducted on 30th March, 1905. A
large new school hall is about to be erected.

Elders : — Past : Messrs. John Gardener Garden, Robert Maze,
A^^m. Wallace, John Black, Arthur Ayling, J. Munro, Wm. Simpson, Thos.
Roy, G. McLeod, J. I). Melvin, Wm. Webster, ^^'m. Stonier, and E.
■Childs. Present : Messrs. Wm. Barrett, R. Bannerman, T. E. Geddes,
R. Macdonald, John Mars, Wm. Marshall, Wm. Rigg (ex-M.L.A.), Dr.
E. P. Sinclair, Messrs. O. Turner, and R. Shaw. Records are available
only as far tack as 1876.

346 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

PADDINGTON, ST. JOHN'S.

The origination of this parish was largely due to the efforts of the
late Rev. Dr. McGarvie, of St. Andrew's Church, Sydney, who started
services before the year 1850 in a schoolroom in Caledonia street,
about a quarter of a mile from the present church. An adjacent
street is now called McGarvie street, after this able ecclesiastic.
A grant of land having been obtained from the Government —
about half the amount now owned by the congregation — the greater
part of the old manse building was erected thereon. This building
was utilised for various purposes — residential, school, and church.
The date inscribed on the memorial stone of the church is 1857.
The erection of the original portion of the present church was largely
due to the exertions of the Rev. James Milne, M.A., who had been
for twenty-four years parish minister of Macduff, in the North of
Scotland. He arrived in the colony in 1854, and selected
Paddington as his sphere of labour. The church, estimated to
seat 300 people, was erected at a cost of ^,{^2,500. Mr. Milne
continued to minister at Paddington for upwards of twenty years with
zeal and acceptance, holding the appointment also of Chaplain to the
Darlinghurst Gaol. When failing health suggested the need of assist-
ance, the Rev. P. F. Mackenzie was, in 1874, inducted as his colleague,,
and held the pastorate until, in 1882, he resigned and proceeded on a
visit to Scotland. Later in that year, a call was addressed to the Rev J.
P. Dickson, recently arrived from the North of Ireland. After a popular
pastorate of about two years, he was succeeded by the Rev. Archibald
Gilchrist, LL.D., in March, 1885. Dr. Gilchrist's abilities and services
are so well known that there is no need to dwell on them here. He
continued at Paddington until loss of health constrained him to
demit, which he did in March, 1896, and died on 14th December,
1896. The Rev. Joseph Fulton, who had been appointed assistant in
1895, was inducted in March, 1898. Mr. Fulton continues to minister
to the flock, and is Presbyterian chaplain at the Victoria Barracks,
Paddington. During the pastorate of the Rev. J. P. Dickson the
need of enlarging the church was keenly felt, and about ;!^8oo was
collected for the purpose. In Dr. Gilchrist's time the enlargement was
carried into effect, the foundation stone of enlargement being laid by
Col. J. H. Goodlet, J.l*. Under the present ministry several improve-
ments have been made, decorations and nu-inorial windows erected,
while llie grounds have been ornanienled with foliage and flowers. A
handsome new manse was huill in 1904 -the memorial stone being
laid by His Excellency Sir Harry Rawson, K.C.B. — which will prove a
comfort to tlie minister and his family, and is a credit to the congregation.

i

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 347

There is a large and well-organised Sabbath school, a well-trained
and efificient choir, a flourishing Christian Endeavour Society, and a
variety of juvenile societies connected with the congregation.

Although there is a very heavy debt on the buildings (;^8,7oo),
the value of the property is yearly increasing, and the interest is met
by rents received. There are in the congregation some very old
members, who have been familiar with its history from the outset, and
who still retain their love for the house and ordinances of God, and
frequently appear among the worshippers, among them Messrs. Alexander
McLeod, Hugh McMaster and James Rae, considerably over eighty
years of age.

Elders :- — The tbllowing have held office for a longer or shorter
period : — Messrs. Thomas Alston, Peter Durie, John Ellis, T. R. Steel,
Thomas Steel, senr., D. L. Waugh, junr., John Millen, Alexander
Gilchrist, Samuel Gordon, Captain Robert Mailler, Samuel Thompson,
James B. Mclntyre, James K. Morice, Wm. Kinnear, Wm. Unjuhart,
David Little, John S. Hampshire, Charles E. Rennie, George A. Clifton,
Niel Sharpe, William Straughan, Henry T. Page, J. W. Hedges, Andrew
Steel, C. R. Lamont, Robert Smith, and J. T. Tunnock, I). I).S.

PALMER STREET, WOOLLOOMOOLOO.
In 1854 service was started in a small schoolroom, owned and
kept by a Mr. Hogg, in Woolloomooloo — then covered for the most
part with the forest primeval — by Mr. John McGibbon, a student
of divinity, afterwards the Rev. John McGibbon, LL.I). The congrega-
tion at first seldom exceeded twenty persons, but the attendance
increased and by-and-bye a wooden church was erected — largely
through the liberality and help of Mr. Thomas Barker (an excellent
portrait of whom is given in this volume) — on the site on which
now stands the brick school, on the opposite side of the street
from the church, and Ur. McGibbon was ordained as the first
minister thereof. Ere long a movement was started for the erection
of a permanent church. Li 1858 the foundation stone was laid, and
fourteen months thereafter the church was opened for worship. The
church is a most substantial stone building, with manse adjoining and
lecture hall attached, the cost of the whole being from eight to nine
thousand pounds. Among the men of wealth who by their liberal
gifts contributed largely to the erection of the buildings and the
development of the congregation, we may mention Messrs. Thomas
Barker, — Gibson, John Pascoe Eawkner, James Anirobus, J. P.,

348 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

J. B. Hoare, J. P., the Hon. John Frazer, M.L.C., and the Hon. John
Marks, M.L.C. Dr. Leibius was also a prominent adherent. A valuable
pipe organ was donated by the Hon. John Frazer, and a beautiful
Communion service by Mr. J. B. Hoare. The property was without
debt when Dr. McGibbon died, but has now an indei)tedness of ^600,
incurred for repairs during recent years, when the congregation has been
weak in numbers and in means. Dr. McGibbon, after a long and most
successful and memorable ministry, died in June, 1882, and was
succeeded in 1884 by the Rev. J. Faulds Henderson, who remained
until April, 1891. He subsequently was inducted into Knox Church,
Rockhampton, Queensland, and recently passed to his rest. He
■was followed by a minister who had just arrived from the Established
Church of Scotland, the Rev. Wm. Burnet, M A., B.D., who was
inducted in October, 1891, and resigned in October, 1893, when he
returned to Scotland. The Rev. Robert Edgar was pastor for seven
years, being inducted in May, 1897, and demitting August, 1904.
After his translation to Pitt Town and Ebenezer, the congregation
was for years without a settled pastor, but for some time —
from November, 1899, to September, 1901 — was ministered to very
acceptably by Mr. Robert Macleod, from Glasgow, who is now
ordained and settled in Victoria.

After the departure of Mr. Macleod, the Rev. J. T. Thorburn, B.A.,
late of Walcha, was appointed to take charge, and such was the effect
of his energetic labours that the congregation felt warranted in applying
for moderation. This was granted, and on 23rd June, 1904, Mr.
Thorburn was inducted, and is doing a useful work amid a gradually
increasing congregation.

'I'he following Elders — among others (whose names we cannot
obtain) — have been in office in this parish : — Messrs. James Antrobus,
J. B. Hoare, James (iray, the Rev. Colin Stewart, M.A., Mr. James Gold,
(Captain James Hutton, Messrs David McBeath, Walter Smith, Patrick
McCann, F. E. Sloper, A. Martin, James Hutton, junr , and Alexander
Oillespie Powell.

PKTFRSHAM-

'J'he .services which resulted in the formation of the Petersham
parish were started in the drawing-room of Mrs. Muir, Fisher Street,
Petersham, and were continued there for nine months, until the church
in Gordon Street was built.

'I"he first minister was the Rev. James Paton, who for ten years had
ministered with much acceptance to a United Presbyterian congregation

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 349

at Balfron, Stirlingshire, Scotland. Mr. Paton arrived in the colony in
1880, and was inducted at Petersham in May, 1881. The first Kirk.
Session consisted of Messrs. H. L. Hlack, Robert Miller, and James.
Stevenson, Mr. James McNaughton joining later and proving a most
loyal worker to this day. The property was vested in three trustees^
Messrs. H. L. Black, Robert Miller, and ^Villiam Elphinstone. The
church, a weatherboard building, seated for 180, was opened in 1881.
The land and church cost ^1,200. In 1887 a movement was initiated
for ])r()\iding a manse ; and a house for that purpose was purchased at
a cost of ^1,050, contributed mainly by two generous donors, their
donations being supplemented l)y suliscriptions from other members of
the congregation. In June, 1903, the Rev. James Paton retired, and
in August the Rev. R. Evan Davies, H.A. (Cambridge), was called and
inducted. Under Mr. Davies' ministry there has been evidence of
renewed zeal among the people, notably in their decision to erect a
handsome and commodious stone and brick church, to cost about
^,4,000, which has just been completed, with the exception of the
spire, to be added later. The foundation stone was laid by Mrs. Robert
Miller, who, with her family, gave about ^1,000 to the new church, and
who.se husband had from its formation proved a pillar of strength to the
congregation. The church was opened on loth June, 1905, by the Rev..
Principal Harper, D.D., and is well filled. The manse has been sold.

Elders : — Messrs. Robert Miller, James Stevenson, Henry Black,.
* James McNaughton, W. J. McLaughlin, Thomas Wilson, Stuart Reid,.
James Watson, * Patrick Smith, * James Dawson, M.A., and * Griffith
Griffith. (Present elders marked with asterisk).

PITT STREET CHURCH (FULLERTON MEMORIAL).

The third Presbyterian church erected in Sydney was built on a
site granted by Government at the intersection of Pitt and Hay Streets.
It was opened for public worship in 1842, and cost ^^3,350, derived
partly from the Government and partly from private contributions.

'I'he first minister was the Rev. James Eullerton, LL.D. Dr. FuUerton
was commissioned by the Synod of Australia to form a Presbyterian
congregation in South Sydney, and commenced divine service in the
Court House in 1838. In due time the necessary buildings were
erected, and in the Pitt Street Presbyterian Church Dr. Fullerton
ministered to large and influential congregations — the majority hailing
from the North of Ireland — for many years, until, in 1867, age and

350 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

infirmity constrained him to seek assistance. This he obtained, in the
first instance, from the Rev. Archibald Gilchrist, LL.D., afterwards by
the induction as colleague in 1869 of the Rev. G. L. Nairn. He was
followed, in 1873, by the Rev. Henry Macready, translated from Penrith.
Mr. Macready ministered for seventeen years with much acceptance to
an attached congregation, until age and infirmity rendered it necessary
for him to retire. His successor, in November, 1890, was the Rev.
Richard Dill Macky, who retired in May, 1896, accepting a call to
Tenterfield. The Rev. J. C. Christie was the next minister, but his
pastorate was short, being inducted in January, 1898, and resigning in
October. The present pastor is the Rev. David Fenwick, who was
inducted on 29th December, 1899. Owing to the expansion of the
State railway traffic, the Government, in 1903, resumed the old church
site for the purposes of the new railway station, and, after protracted
negotiations, a sum of ;^2 2,000 as compensation was obtained,
with which, after granting the General Assembly ;^6,ooo, the present
splendid site at the corner of Crown and Albion Streets, Surry Hills,
was purchased, and a large stone and brick church, with vestry
and class-rooms, erected, which is an ornament to the locality and
a credit to the denomination, and a splendid centre for Christian work.
It is to bear the name of the Fullerton Memorial Church. A fine brick
school hall, to accommodate about 500, has also been erected next to
the church, facing Crown Street. The new church was opened on
5th July, 1905, by the Right Rev. Alexander McKinlay, Moderator of
Assembly, every part of the building being crowded.

List of Elders since 1841 : — (1841— First Session) Messrs.
William Blair, David Johnstone, John Patterson, Henry L. Black ;
(1843) Peter Stewart; (1845) J^^i'i Dumble, George Whitelaw, Walter
Smith; (1851) Daniel McLaughlin, Samuel Anderson, — McKaughan ;
(1858) D. Cunningham; (i860) Samuel Anderson, Stuart Hawthorne,
B.A., William McClelland; (1863) David Mackey, John Clisdell ;
(1876) John Lutton, John Sproule, Donald Campbell; (1883) *Robert
Mackey, Charles J. Christie, Allan MacDiarniid, *John McLaughlin,
*Matthe\v McCulla ; (1900) *Alexander Lutton, *John Hilton, and
Stanley L. Cole. * Present Session.

PYMBLE.

This new suburb was originally part of the Hornsby Home Mission
charge, under the ministry of the Rev. James Marshall.

At a meeting at the residence of Mr. Duncan Carson, in 1895, '^
was resolved to secure a site to erect a church hall. The hall was

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 351

opened for service by Mr. Marshall in June of that year. At the time,
a Sabbath school was opened under the superintendence of Mr. S.
King. The services which had been started in the hull prcjved
successful, and I')nible soon became the chief centre of tlie Home
Mission district which extended from Epping to Lindfield, a
distance of some twelve miles. In consequence of increased facilities
for travelling and the rapid growth of j)opulation, the district was,
at the recjuest of Mr. Marshall, divided, and Pymble and Hornsby
raised to the position of a sanctioned charge. Mr. Marshall was, in
January, 1896, inducted as first minister.

In July, 1897, the Presbytery of Sydney resolved to divide the
parish into three parts, as follows: — (i) Pymble, with the Rev. J. Marshall
as minister ; (2) Wahroonga ; (3) Hornsby ; the two latter to be provided
with ministers in due time.

In September, 1900, the foundation stones of a new church hall
were laid at Lindfield by Mrs. Manson and Mrs. P. Y. Mackenzie, and
on nth N<n-eniber the hall was opened for service and a Sunday
school started. The two church halls are of brick, and in the.se
services are regularly maintained, and the work of the Church is
steadily progressing. Mr. Marshall has had the satisfaction of seeing
the work of Church extension advancing rapidly all along that line,
where he was one of the first labourers, having organised Hornsby, and
initiated services at \Vahroonga, Thornleigh, Epping, and Lindfield.

Elders : — Messrs. *Samuel King, *James Glen, James ^Vigram,
Frederick Dunlop, David Greenlees, *James Logan, *Charles F. IJrown,
and ^Alexander Rae. *Form present Session.

PYRMONT

In the year 1864 — while the Rev. R. S. Paterson was still minister
of the United Presbyterian Church of Burray, in Orkney — the claims of
Australia and the urgent need of ministers there were brought under
his notice by the Rev. Dr. Lang, of Sydney. After careful consideration,
Mr. Paterson came to New South Wales, arriving with his wife in June,
1864, and was cordially welcomed and entertained by Dr. Lang.
Attention having been directed to the growing suburb of Pyrmont, and
to the favourable opening which there presented itself for the
starting of a Presb}-terian congregation, Mr. Paterson paid a visit to the
locality, and, after services held, received a call from a hundred
Presbyterians resident in the district. The call was accepted and steps

352 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

taken to secure the necessary accommodation. A portion of land in
the Ultimo estate was, through the instrumentality of Dr. Lang, secured
for the erection of a church. A twenty-one years' lease of the land
was obtained, with the option of purchase for ^500. Prior to the
expiry of the lease, the property was purchased by the congregation, and
forthwith sold for ^1,100. After paying the purchase money and
other claims against the congregation, there remained a balance of
^300 with which to start the building of a new church, and in October
of that year the new church was opened by Dr. Lang preaching in the
morning and Mr. Paterson in the evening. At this time the
Presbyterians of the colony were divided into four sections, but, as
negotiations for Union were proceeding, Mr. Paterson and his
congregation determined to maintain a neutral position till the issue of
these negotiations had been reached. The Union was effected in 1865,
when Mr. Paterson and his congregation joined the Presbyterian
Church of New South Wales. The congregation continued to flourish
for many years, and a Sabbath School having been started, with the
minister as superintendent, became a large and flourishing school,
and continued so till Mr. Paterson's demission. The success of the
school was largely due to the zeal and energy brought to bear on the
work by Mrs. Paterson and the teachers associated with her. Information
having been obtained that half an acre of land had been bequeathed in
the Ultimo Estate for Church purposes by Mr. John Harris (deceased),
after some delay and not a few difficulties, this land was secured and
the present substantial church erected on it. The church was opened
in 1883, and a few years thereafter a suitable manse was added. Of
the amount required, Mr. Paterson, with the able assistance of his wife,
raised some ^1,500, and the property is now practically free of debt.
After a faithful ministry of thirty-six years Mr. Paterson, constrained
by the pressure of age, was relieved from the charge. Impressive
demonstrations were given of how much both he and his wife were
beloved by the congregation, and how much esteemed by the Church
at large. The present minister is the Rev. C. W. Willis, translated from
Mudgee in August, 1901. Recently a commodious school-hall, costing
^600, has been erected, largely through the generosity of Miss Margaret
Harris, of Littlebridge, Ultimo, Mrs. G. Harris, and Alderman John
Harris. 'J he parish, under the vigorous ministry of Mr. Willis — who
during his term of office has raised over ^1,000 for building purposes
— is prospering.

Elder.s: — (1865) Messrs. John I'ultoii, John Cray, Jolin Stewart,.
and Captain James Boyle. Messrs. H. I'arbery, J. W. Guy, and
C. Campbell form the present Session.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 353

RANI) WICK.

In 1885 Randwick was erected into a sanctioned charge and an
interim Session appointed. Among the prime movers in the enterprise were
Messrs. ^^^ F. and J. S. Ponder, John Tait, James Robertson, and Henry
Clarke. Services were commenced in the Randwick Town Hall and, after
several months of various supplies, a call was addressed to the Rev. W. S.
Frackelton, afterwards Dr. Frackelton, wlio, having accepted it, was duly
inducted, and became the first minister. In this sphere he remained until
1896, when he was translated to Ann Street Church, Brisbane. In March,
1890, the present church was opened. It is built on a portion of the
ground granted by the Government, in the most conmianding position in
Randwick. The church is built of brick and has seating accommodation
for 650 people. The interior of the church is very handsome, and is
arranged in the form of an amphitheatre. It has spacious galleries and
is well lighted. The acoustics are perfect, and it is altogether very
comfortable. There is a large vestry and a number of classrooms
connected with it. The cost was ;^5,7oo. Towards this, ;!{^3,2oo was
derived from sale of ground and subscriptions, ;^2,ooo was raised by
mortgage, and ;!{^5oo as a loan from Cliurch and Manse Loan Fund —
the latter, however, has been repaid.

In 1896 the Rev. \V'. G. Maconochie, M.A., was called from Orange,
and was minister of the church until 1898, when he accepted a call to
Hawthorn, Victoria. After a vacancy of nine months, during which the
Rev. John Walker acted as Moderator, the Rev. C. H. Talbot, of
Chalmers Church, Hobart, Tasmania, accepted a unanimous call, and
entered on his duties in July, 1899. He is the present popular minister of
the parish. A handsome manse, costing ;^i,2 7o, a school hall, capable
of seating 400 people (where a Sabbath school of about 300 children
meets, and of which the Hon. A. W. Meeks, M.L.C., has been
superintendent almost since the foundation of the school) and a fine
pipe organ at a cost of ^700, have been added to the property during
the present pastorate. The latter is a gift of Mrs. J. C. Fischer, whose
late husband was a trustee of the property. The organ is " in
memoriam " of her late son, Albert, who was accidentally drowned
while bathing at Inverell, in 1902. The parish is in a flourishing
condition, has earnest and competent office-bearers, and both the
membership and income are increasing yearly.

Complete List of Elders from foundation of parish : — Messrs.
Thomas Smith, Thomas Alcock, R. Parkhill, John Fraser, B.A., LL.D.,
J. E. Pemell, Geo. Stevenson, W. H. Thompson, Charles Chalcraft, F.
E. Sloper, J. G. Carter, John Wallace, and James A. Dick, B.A., M.D.,
F.R.C.S.

354 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

RILEY STREET CHURCH, SURRY HH.LS.
The Riley Street Presbyterian Church was originally known as
" Ebenezer Chapel." It was opened for divine service in 1 850. The Rev.
Samuel Humphries was minister, and both he and his congregation were
originally Congregationalists. Thirty-seven years ago, the Rev. Samuel
Humphries and his congregation, including the trustees, petitioned the
Presbytery of Sydney to be received into the communion of the
Presbyterian Church of New South ^^^ales. They stated that they
desired that the Gospel should be preached in their church in all time
coming, in accordance with the doctrines of the Presbyterian Church
rather than in accordance with those of any other denomination. After
investigation and deliberation the prayer of the petition was granted.
Two years thereafter Mr. Humphries resigned with the view of
obtaining a settlement somewhere else in connection with our Church.
His resignation was accepted ; and, in accordance with the request of
his office-bearers and trustees, the Presbytery allowed him the rent of
the manse for the rest of his life. This he received, and at his death the
rent of the manse became the property of the congregation, and is so
still. For thirty-five years ordinances have been supplied without a
settled minister, and the premises have been kept in repair at considerable
cost, and during all these years neither the Presbytery nor Home
Mission has paid one farthing of the expense. During all these years
the Rev. R. .S. Paterson has been the Interim-Moderator. For some
years an elder has had the spiritual charge, and he holds services
every Sabbath and Wednesday evenings and superintends various
organisations. The district being poor and other Presbyterian churches
near, neither the Interim-Moderator nor the Session has had any desire
to have a settled minister appointed; but they are prepared to take steps
at any time to sell the property with the view of applying the proceeds
for Church extension. Mr. Humphries, as far back as 1872, estimated
the real value of the property at ^2,000; possibly it is much larger now.

ROSEDALE.

This church originated in weekly .services conducted by Messrs.
Robert Walker and Stephen Mills, B.A., about the year 1883.

By the untiring efforts of these two young men, funds were raised
for the erection of a suitable building, the foundation stone of which
was laid in the year 1884, and which was opened for divine service by
the Revs. Alexander Osborne, M.A., and J. M. Ross, on the 30th
November, 1884. The building has been extended since, when Mr.
John Paterson, M.A., was in charge, and services are regularly held by
agents of the Home Mission Committee, under the supervision of the
.\shfield Sessi(;n.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 355

SI". ANDRICW'S, SYDNEY.

The movement for the erection of this church was originated at a
public meeting of Presbyterians in the Southern part o{ Sydney, presided
over by the Hon. Colonel Snodgrass. A grant (jf land having been
obtained from the Government — -on what was then the leading
thoroughfare — the foundation stone of the church was laid by Colonel
Snodgrass in 1833, AwCi in Sc[)tL'niber, 1835, it was opened for divine
.service. It cost over two thcnisund jiounds, of which nearly one half
was contributed by the GovernniLnl.

The Rev. Dr. John McGarvie was the first minister, and gathered
together a very influential congregation. He died in 1853, much
lamented, after a faithful ministry of twenty-one years. He was
succeeded by the Rev. John Dougall, who ministered to the congregation
for fifteen years, until his removal to East Maitland. He was a cultured
man and was much esteemed. He was succeeded in 1869 by the Rev.
Robert Lewers, during whose ministry the church was re-seated and a
platform substituted for the pulpit at a cost of ^300. In 1873 he
accepted a call to Eaglehawk, Victoria. The Rev. William Moore White,
LL.D., was inducted the same year. During his pastorate the church
was enlarged, and embellished with a number of beautiful stained
glass memorial windows, a fine pipe organ, and otherwise improved.
He demitted in 1884, and went to England. A successor was not
chosen until September, 1885, when the Rev. Alexander Miller, M.A.,
was inducted, and continued minister till, in 1896, he was translated to
Chatswood. Since 1896 there has been no settled minister. The congre-
gation, indeed, almost became extinct, until a number of Welsh-speaking
Presbyterians joined two or three years ago. They are now ministered to
by a Welsh-speaking minister, the Rev. R. E. Davies, as stated supply.

Elders: — 1841 — Messrs. Thomas Barker, John McKay, W.
Mcintosh; 1843 — John Hunter; 1844 — Alex. Anderson, Chas. Gill,
— Fairbairn, — Ferrier, — McLean ; 1847-1854 — (no records) ; 1876 —
Mr. ^^^ Calder, the Hon. Alex. Dodds, M.L.C., Messrs. — Houston,
\\m. Bain, Alex. Thomson, J. Lennox; 1880 — W. Alexander, James
Harvie, P. D. McCormick ; i882^J. D. Rutherford, W. H. Tindell,
John Wright; 1886 — the Hon. Alex. Kethel, M.L.C. ; 1887 — Messrs.
E. Gregory Fairman, Robert Cook, Richard Alcock; rSgo — J. M. Smail;
1902 — E. Jones, Joseph Jones, Rees Jones; 1904 — B. I). \\'illiams,
N. McBurney, John Lewis.

ST. LEONARDS NORTH.

The North St. Leonards Presbyterian Church was started in
March, 1888, in the verandah of the Crow's Nest Cottage, kindly lent
-for the purpose. A committee of management was appointed. Two

356 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

of their number having waited on Mr. David Berry, of Shoalhaven, they
obtained from him the promise of a site for a church and manse. In
October of that year, a petition was presented to the Presbytery of
Sydney, praying that the congregation be formed into a sanctioned
charge. The petition was granted, and an interim Session appointed,
consisting of the Revs. W. M. Dill Macky and R. McKinnon (ministers),
and Messrs. P. Small and J. ^^'alker (elders), the Rev. R. McKinnon,
Moderator.

A wooden church was opened in December, 1888, by the Rev. Dr.
Gilchrist, who had become Moderator of the Interim Session. The Rev.
H. A. Hutchison, B.Sc, who had organised the charge, was inducted as.
its first minister. The first elders were the Rev. Alex. Riddel,
Messrs. A. J. S. Gilchrist, W. Brown, and W. H. McLean. The first
communion was dispensed to seventeen communicants. A preaching
station was opened by Mr. Hutchison at ^^^atersleigh, which ultimately
grew into a separate charge — the Neutral Bay parish. In 1890 Mr.
Hutchison was translated to Cootamundra, and a call was addressed
to the Rev. David Bruce, D.D., but circumstances having led Dr.
Bruce to pay a visit to Europe, the induction did not take place
till February, 1893. The parish, as at first constituted, embraced a
large area, but so rapid has been the increase of population, consequent
on the extension of the means of communication, that, in the space of
sevfen years, five fully-sanctioned parishes and three Home Mission
causes have been created within the limits of the original parish.

Dr. Bruce being elected Moderator of the General Assembly, and
having determined to visit, as far as possible, all the congregations of
the Church, it was deemed desirable that he should have a colleague.
For a time, during Dr. Bruce's absence, the parish was supplied by
agents of the Home Mission Committee, but in 1899 the Rev. W. H.
Ash, formerly of Dunedin, New Zealand, was inducted as colleague and
successor. Dr. Bruce retaining his status as senior minister.

The membership has largely increased since the settlement of
Mr. Ash. The church has been enlarged, renovated and re-seated. A
substantial sum has also been contributed to a fund for the erection of
a large church, with a manse, on the old " Oow's Nest" site generously
given by Dr. John Hay, of Coolangalta. The site is that of the cottage
upon whose verandah the congregati(Mi first assembled for worship. The
buildings have just been' completed, the foundation stone of the church
having been laid by His Excellency Sir Harry Rawson, and of the
manse by Mrs. John Hay, on 27th May, 1905. The new church
occupies one of the most commanding jjositioiis on the North Shore>
and the congregation has good ground for anticipating a prosperous

PRESn YTRR V OF S YDNE V 357

future. The church was officially ojjened on 2nd September, 1905, the
Rt. Rev. Dr. I). Bruce presiding, and the Rev. Ronald G. Macintyre,
ALA., 1!.!)., preaching the ojiening sermon.

In the beginning of 1904 a mission was begun by Mr. Ash at
Gore Hill, on the western boundary of the parish, where several large
lirickworks exist. Within a year it became .so successful that a school
hall was built, and almost wholly paid for at once. It is now the centre
of much activity, and is highly appreciated in the district. A Sunday
service and Sunday school are held, also week night meetings. The
minister has been greatly helped in this Mission by two young men,
whose names deserve to be recorded — viz., Messrs. R. Bell and G. Britliff.
The whole of their spare time for more than a year has been devoted
to it. A fine piano has been presented to the hall by an anonymous
donor.

List of Elders : — Messrs. *\\'illiam Brown, AMlliam H. McLean,
the Rev. Alex. Riddel, Mr. A. J. S. Gilchrist, the Rev. J. H. Archibald,
Messrs. * William Lindsay, James R. Mathers, John Ferguson,
D. Mclnnes, *John 'I'homson (brother of the Rev. E. J. Thcjmson),
*E. M. Stobo, and *\Vm. Solley. * Form present Session.

ST. LUKF.S, REDFERN.

Early in the year 1875 Messrs. 1). L. Waugh, senr., and David
Walker (afterwards General Secretary of Sydney Y. M.C.A.), two Presby-
terian elders, commenced to hold services and a Sabbath school at the
Foresters' Hall, ^Vaterloo, and continued their work with considerable
success until, in January, 1876, the Rev. T. J. Curtis, who had a few
months previously been licensed to preach, was appointed by the
Church Extension Committee to labour in the district. His labours
were attended with such success that in September of the same year a
petition from the Presbyterians of Waterloo and Botany was presented
to the Presbytery, praying to have these districts erected into a charge.
The petition also prayed that moderation in a call to a minister might
be granted. The result of the moderation was that the Rev. T. J.
Curtis was unanimously called ; and in October following he was
ordained and inducted by the Presbytery of Sydney, the Rev. Dr. Lang
presiding. Mr. Curtis continued until April, 1887, when he was granted
nine months' leave of absence to recruit his health. At the close of the
year he resigned his charge, having accepted a call to San Francisco,
U.S.A., and the Rev. A. A. Aspinall, B.A., of Forbes, succeeded him.

358 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

In 1893 the parish again became vacant until August, 1894, when
the Rev. T. J. Curtis, having returned to the colony, was again called and
inducted as minister of the charge, which has since been known as St.
Luke's. Three churches were built — St. Luke's, Redfern, a handsome
church of brick and stone, seated for 500 (foundation stone laid b}' Mr.
W. T. Poole, M.L.A., 19th August, 1882); a brick building at Gardener's
Lane, Botany, seated for 100 ; and a brick and stone edifice at Botany,
seated for 150. There is neither manse nor glebe, but there are two
school halls, which form part of the edifice at Redfern. The debt on
St. Luke's church is still large.

Elder-S who since formation of parish were elected members of
its Session : — Messrs. Joseph Weirick (deceased), Ninian Melville,
*William Paterson, *John McKeand, *Alex. Spence, *Alex. Murray,
Thomas Collier (deceased), John Lutton, Robert Jack, William Duncan,
Robert Gray, James Wylie (deceased), John Ramage, James Simpson
Maitland (deceased), James Anderson (deceased), William H. Tomlinson
(deceased), and Joseph Lavert)-. *Still members of St. Luke's Session.

ST. PETER'S, NORTH SYDNEY.

In the early days occasional services were supplied by ministers of
the Presbytery of Sydney, but in 1863 certain Presbyterians on North
Shore sent a call to the Rev. Cunningham Atchison, minister of WoUon-
gong, to be their minister, and he was inducted as the first minister of
the parish. After him, the Rev. James Stirling Muir was inducted in
1870. When Mr. Muir left the colony a call was sent to the Rev. Duncan
Ross, in 1873, and he was translated from Muswellbrook. During the
five years of Mr. Ross's pastorate he was absent for twelve months
from ill-health, and returned in 1876, but shortly thereafter resigned
on account of ill-health. In 1877 the Rev. Robert Robertson, who had
been admitted from the I'^stablished Church of Scotland, was inducted
as colleague, but after a year's service resigned and returned to
Scotland. In the following year Mr. Ixoss was translated to Walcha.
'i"he Rev. Roger McKinnon, minister of 'I'umut, was called and
inducted in 1878, and remained the minister of St. Peter's until his
death in November, 1903. He was a faithful pastor, a ixjwerful
preacher, a genial and brotherly man, much beloved l)y his Hock as
well as by his brethren in the ministry. In 1904 the congregation
addressed a call to the Rev. James Kinghoni, ininislrr of liatluirst, who
was translated to St. i'eter's in the month of June, and has entered on
his labours with encouraging prospects of much succe.ss.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 359

As regards buildings and propcrt)', the congregatitm is in
exceptionally favourable circumstances. 'I'here is an excellent church
and manse of stone, f)ccupying an admirable position in the midst of a
dense population. The school hall, erected at a cost of over
;^2,ooo, is a magnificent two-storied building, and is eminently
.serviceable for school purj)oses and (jther congregational reciuirements.
There is a tablet in the church erected in meniory of Mr. Henry
Allan, to whose liberality the C(Migregation is largely indebted for the
valuable pro])ert\- it owns, and for tiie buildings erected thereon-.
Owing to the rapitUy-increasing congregation, the church is about to be
greatly enlarged.

The land belonging to the church and attached t(j it is of
considerable extent, and has been let on building leases. Already a
large revenue is derived from this source, and on the expiry of the leases
it will be large indeed.

Elders : — 1878 — At which time Messrs. Henry Allan and W. A.
Dixon were elders; 1879 — Mr. James Anderson; 1882 — the Hon.
Alexander Dodds, M.L.C. ; 1883 — Mr. Robert Horniman; 1892 — Dr.
A. K. Morson and Mr. Sutherland Sinclair ; 1895 — Messrs. Charles A.
Anderson, xA-lexander E. Doig, Walter More, and Patrick Grant ; 1901 —
Major A. j. Dodds, Mr. Donald Smith (Major Dodds retired December,
1903). Elders of present Session : Messrs. Alex. E. Doig, Sutherland
Sinclair, C. A. Anderson, 1). Smith, and 1'. (Irant. (Records earlier than
September, 1878, cannot be found.)

ST. STEPHEN'S, SYDNEY.
The congregation now worshipping in St. Stephen's Church, Phillip
Street, was originally an offshoot from the Scots Church in Jamieson
Street. Those who withdrew, including twenty-two communicants, met
for a time in a room in Hunter Street, and afterwards in Mr. Rennie's
school in Castlereagh Street,, a building afterwards occupied by the
Star Hotel. They subsequently purchased the church which had
been vacated by the Independents in Pitt Street, and which eventually
became the present Sydney School of Arts. The majority of the
congregation having decided to adhere to the Free Church of
Scotland, an application was sent to Scotland for a minister from that
Church. The Rev. George Mackie having in the meantime arrived from
Scotland — a probationer of the Free Church sent out with a view to his
labouring in the lUawarra district — the congregation in Pitt Street
prevailed on him to remain with them, to organise and minister
to them until the minister the\ expected from Scotland should

36o HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

arrive. In 1849 the Rev. Alexander Salmon, the minister selected
for them in Scotland, reached Sydney, and the congregation grew
so rapidly that more room became necessary. An iron church,
seating 800, was imported from Glasgow, where it was first erected
and opened by the Rev. Dr. Bonar, and this building did service
for many years in ]Vlacquarie Street. It was afterwards sold, and
was used by the Government for some time as a branch of the Public
Library. It has now been removed to Rookwood Asylum for Old Men,
where it is .still used for public worship. Mr. Salmon was succeeded
by the Rev. Dr. Steel in 1862. Dr. Steel was chosen by a commission
consisting of Professor John Smith, M.D., C.M.G., and Mr. John Shedden
Adam, appointed to secure a minister in Great Britain. The Rev.
Adam Thomson, minister of the congregation in Phillip Street, having
been appointed Principal of St. Andrew's College in 1873, an amalga-
mation was effected of his congregation with that of Dr. Steel, and the
church in Phillip Street, of which the Rev. Hugh Darling was the first
minister, was enlarged and transformed into the capacious and noble
building which it now is.

Dr. Steel died on 9th October, 1893, after a distinguished and very
remarkable and fruitful ministry, and was succeeded on 3rd August, 1894,
by the Rev. John Ferguson — from Invercargill, New Zealand — under
whose vigorous ministry the congregation has grown to great dimensions
and is prospering abundantly. A Jubilee History of the congregation
was published in pamphlet form in 1899, containing much interesting
information.

After ten years of laborious and fruitful service the congregation
determined to grant Mr. Ferguson a nine months' holiday, and made
handsome provision for enabling him to enjoy it. Acceptable su])ply was
found for the pulpit. Among others, the Rev. Dr. Hemphill, of San
Francisco, supplied for a couple of months, and his services proved
extremely popular. Mr. l^\'rguson returned from his holiday in Septem-
ber, 1904, refreshed in spirit, strengthened in body and eager for work.
St. Stephen's congregation emj^loys a missionary to work among the sailors
of the ])ort, and to visit the hospitals of the city. There is also a
congregational mission among the very poor in Harrington Street, where
a good work is done of a temjxjral and spiritual sort.

In connection with St. Stephen's, the first \'oung Men's Fellowship
Association in Australia was started by Dr. John Moon, M.R.C.S.E., the
beloved physician, whose widow is still one of the most devoted of the
Church's members. The mantle of the founder fc'll upon the shoulders
of the son of Dr. .Steel (now the Rev. R. Steel), who gathered around him
young men who are to-day honourably occuj)ying the posts of Sabbath

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

FULLERTON MEMORIAL AND RILEY STREET CHURCHES

Plate 107

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

SIX CHURCHES AND TWO MANSES

Plate los

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

TWO CHURCHES AND THREE MANSES

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY

THREE CHURCHES AND A MANSE

Plate 110

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 361

school superintendents and elders in Sydney and suburljs. Mere was
laid the foundation of an institution, ncnv acknowledged throughout
Australia, as most helpful to young men, to ministers, to congregations,
and to the cause of (Christ.

'i'he care of young South Sea Islanders who came to positions of
service in Sydney specially interested sonic- nu-mhers of the congregation.
One of their number, John N'ambo, a happy, earnest ("hristian who
will not be forgotten, was specially ordained to the eldership for the
spiritual oversight of the Islanders in Sydney. This brief account of
St. Stephen's would be incomplete without reference to the fact that in
1862 Dr. Steel inaugurated a Young Men's Institute, which met a
felt want and did much good, the recent Prime Minister (the Right
Hon. G. H. Reid), among many others now occupying high positions
in the State, testifying to its usefulness.

A roll of worthy Elders — past and present — includes the names ot
Messrs. Peter Stewart, John Little, William Buyers, John Macdonald,
IT. L. Black, James Henry, John S. Adam, James (}. \\ils(jn, E. A.
Rennie, W. Moorhead, \\'. S. Moutry, James Anderson, Robert McCredie,
John Shand, James Dodds, Thos. Alston, Hugh Hossack, l)r. Moon,
Messrs. D. Brown, Hugh MacMaster, the Rev. Principal A. Thomson,
Messrs. J. H. (^oodlet, J. Mailer, J. MacNaughton, the Rev. J. B.
Laughton, Messrs. Robert Gray, T. Aitken, I). Mackenzie, Alex. Dean,
J. Walker, A. Ballantine, F. Martin, J. McLaughlin, Peter Reid, Eben
MacDonald, G. D. Dixson, John Campbell, A. Martin, John Yambo,
the Rev. A. A. Aspinall, B.A., Messrs. J. Birt, T. Dick, Duncan McRae,
J. McLachlan, Dr. G. Armstrong, Dr. V. Storie Dixson, Messrs. James
George, and E. J. Loxton, most of whom first served in the Deacon's Court.
Among early members of the Deacon's Court were Messrs. Alex.
Learmonth, Peter McLaren, James Reynolds, Henry Lane, Sir Wm. A.
Ogg, Messrs. James W. Waugh, and Wm. Cargo. Of those who held
ofifice fifty years ago, Messrs. E. A. Rennie, J. G. Wilson, and J. S.
Adam, senr., are still among us, rejoicing in the usefulness of this
congregation, whose early efforts they helped to guide.

STAN MO RE.
This is a new parish. Services were started in the Petersham
Town Hall on 9th February, 1902, by the Rev. John Walker,
Commissioner of the General Assembly, and maintained with such
encouraging prospects as to warrant an application to the Presbytery
for moderation in a call. A call was addressed to the Rev. C A.
White, B.A., of Wollongong, who was translated to Stanmore and

362 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

became its fust minister on 27th March, 1903. A commodious-
church-hall, built of brick ioi which Mr. John Reid, an earnest
friend of the congregation, was architect), has been erected near
Stanmore station, in the midst of a large population, and the congrega-
tion is rapidly increasing. The membership at the end of 1904 was 252,
bringing the parish, in this respect, into the first ten for the whole
Church.

Elders: — Messrs. David Walker, Charles Smith, John Tait,
William Semple, Charles Cranston, and James Johnston (Session Clerk).

First Committee: — Messrs. Charles Smith (secretary), W. R. A.
Kerr (treasurer), George Farquhar (chairman), John Reid, R. Riddell,
D. W. Robb, S Reid, A. P. Tinkler, R. B. Cranston, J. Noble,
H. D. McCredie, J. Hughes, J. Johnston, A. Stafford, and F. J. Thorby.

THE SCOTS CHURCH, SYDNEY.

This was the first Presbyterian church built in Sydney. The foun-
dation stone of it vvas laid in July, 1824, by the Governor of the colony,
Sir Thomas Brisbane, who was also a Presbyterian and a contributor ta
the building fund. It occupies a central and elevated position, and
externally has been but little changed since the day it was opened.
The tower still remains unfinished. Though a very plain structure, it is,,
internally, very comfortable and capable of containing a thousand persons-
or thereabouts, and for years was filled. It is a very notable historic
landmark, and remains sound and strong. The Offices of the
Presbyterian Church of New South Wales were for some years fitted up-
in the vestibule of the church ; the schoolroom at the back forming a
suitable Committee Room until the present admirable Offices were
purchased. Dr. Lang continued to minister to the congregation while
life and strength remained, but he had several colleagues appointed with
him in the work, among them the Rev. John Reid, afterwards of the
Mariners' Church, Sydney, the Rev. G. Graham, MA., the Rev. A. C
Smith, M.A., and the Rev. Dr. Gilchrist. Since the death of Dr. Lang
the church has had for its pastors the Rev. A. Milne Jarvie, whO'
was inducted in 1879 and resigned on 31st October, 1886; and the
Rev. W. M. Dill Macky, D.D., who was inducted on 17th May, 1887,.
and is still the popular and esteemed pastor. The Rev. A. M. Jarvie
retired to Scotland, where he died, and, later, a biographical volume
with selections from his sermons was published.

Elders: — 1869 — Messrs. Robert Homiman, George Brown, George
Russell, Robert Watson, Robert McEwan ; 1874— G. Spence, John
hyfe, Alexander Gilchrist; 1880 — Captain J. M. Banks, A. G. Small,

PBESBYrERY OF SYDNEY 365

Alexander Halkett; 1886 — Jolin Cameron, Jonathan Rankin Peebles,
William Neill; 1889 — W. B. Simpson, Robert Craig, Robert Creig,
James Macky, M.I).; 1894 — James Fitzsimons, A. S. Robertson,
John J. Beveridge; 1897 — P. McPhail, C. Cox, \V. L. Scott; 1904 —
Neil Livingstone, Thomas Bee, Roland Love. Before 1869 the only
elders whose names we can obtain were Mr. I). Smith, Dr. Ramsay
(Dobroyde), Messrs Hugh Dixson, and (i. Cadell.

WAHROONGA.

Originally part of the Pymble-Hornsby charge, it became a separate
parish in 1S97. In Noveml^er of that year the Rev. J. Kemp Biuce was
called from Slioalhaven, and inducted as the first minister in February,
1898. In June of that year the congregation purchased a hall, a substantial
brick l)uilding, with seating accommodation for 150, and with an acre
of land attached, for the sum of ;^i,ooo. In the beginning of 1899 a
manse was erected, a handsome, commodious building, at a cost of
;>^i,i5o. Through the liberality, mainly, of the late Mr. John Gillespie,
Redbank, Turramurra — who gave 1,000 guineas through the Centenary
Fund — the manse is free of debt, but a debt of about ^800 still remains
on the hall.

There are no out-stations belonging to the parish, but Mr. Bruce
does Home Mission work in the Galston district, preaching once a
month, and visiting the schools for religious instruction. The parish
has given evidence throughout of a vigorous life. Mr. Bruce continues
to minister to an attached flock.

The Session is composed of the following Elders:^ Messrs.
George Gillespie (senior clerk), J. M. Skinner, J. Shedden Adam, junr.,
the Rev. Daniel Jackson, and Mr William \\'alker.

The Committee of Management consists of the following
gentlemen: — Messrs. J. W. Gillespie, W. S. Strang, R. Vernon
Saddington (treasurer), ^Villiam Macaulay, William Walker (secretary),
^VilHam Brooks, F. G. Sargood, Walter 'i'releaven, B.Sc, G.
Cricliton Smitli, A. Maclean, and Eric Sinclair, M.D.

WAVERLEV, GRAHAME MEMORIAL.

'I'his congregation was organised by tlie Rev. John McNeil, B.A.,
well-known for his evangelistic zeal and work. Services were first held
in the Oddfellows' Hall, Church Street, Waverley, in the year 1885.

364 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

The year following, land was purchased in Victoria Street, and a
school-hall erected. In 1886 the Rev. John McNeil was inducted.
During his ministry he commenced a mission at Mill Hill, a site being
secured and a hall erected. This is now a separate parish with an
ordained minister. In 1888 he resigned, and was succeeded by the Rev.
George Brown Greig, who was inducted in May, 1889. Mr. Greig
demitted in May, 1890, and after a vacancy the Rev. John Macaulay,
M.A., was called from South Australia and inducted in April, 1891.
The debt on the school-hall, which served the purpose of a temporary
church, amounting to over ^1,000, was soon paid off, and the
congregation set to work to raise the funds necessary to build a church
worthy of the district. On 8th May, 1897, the foundation stone of the
present handsome church was laid by Mrs. William Grahame, and on
the first Saturday in February, 1898, the church was opened for public
worship by the Rev. Dr. Cameron, of Richmond. Early in 1900 the debt,
which amounted to ^800 when the church was opened, was, by Messrs.
Duncan McMaster and James Leslie, reduced to ,/,6oo. This amount
was finally paid off by Mrs. William Grahame, and in recognition of her
generosity in this act, as well as her liberality towards the building of
the church, it was resolved by the congregation to give to the church
the name of the " Grahame Memorial." The membership amounts to
nearly 300, and the Sunday school and other agencies are in a healthy
condition. The church is seated for about 400, and there is an
excellent school-hall. A manse has recently been purchased at a cost
of ;^"i,5oo, the only debt now remaining on this valuable
property. Under the able ministry of Mr. Macaulay the church is
making steady progress.

In 1896 mission work was begun in a private house at Dover
Heights, an outlying part of the parish, and continued till a mission
church was opened in May, 1903, by the Right Rev. J. T. Main, M A.,
and Principal Harper, D.13., in which services and Sunday school are
regularly maintained. 'i'he site was given by Sir Daniel Cooper, 2nd
Bart., and Messrs. P. 1). McCormick, T. Leslie, and J. Campbell, with
the Rev. John Macaulay, M A., were the main workers in originating
and bringing to its present state this new movement.

Elders, past and present: — Messrs. J. I). Rutherford, H. C. Cook,
R McGregor, E. J. Alexander, F. Kem[), J. H. Nicholson, J. Douglas,
R. J'arkhill, T, Alcock, P D. McCormick, A. A. Kemp, John Lutton,
j. Dickson, ^V. McLeod, R. Fitzgerald, John Eraser, LL. 1)., John
Clubb, J. S. IMwards, J. Whan, Thomas Leslie, E. H. Bloomfield,
H. G Beaumont, J. Mc Bride, W. McKenzie, J. K. Morice, and
Rol)ert Kirkland.

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 365

WAVERLEV, McNeil MEMORIAL (MILL HILL)
In 1886 a .Sunday school was opened at Mill Hill in connection
with VVaverley Presbyterian ("hurch, of which the Kev. John McNeil,
B.A., was the minister. Mr. Albert Kemj) was one of the earnest early
workers The first su[)erintendent was Mr. Douglas Rutherford, who
conducted the school and regular Sunday services with much zeal and
success, and quite gratuitously, until his removal to Bowral in 1894.
In the year 1888 a weatherboard school-church was erected, capable
of containing 200 persons, and was opened by the Rev. Dr. Steel..
About the year 1890 the Mill Hill mission workers took over the
entire debt on the building, and it was disjoined from Waverley, being
fonned by the Presbytery into an independent mission charge, under the
Woollahra Session. At the disjunction of Mill Hill Mission from
Waverley parish, the Rev. J. M. Ross extended all possible aid and
encouragement to the cause. Until a minister was settled, the Rev.
John Walker expended much time and energy for seven years in nurturing
this congregation. After the removal of Mr. Douglas Rutherford,
AVooUahra Session appointed the Rev. Wm. Powell, who for a period of
nearly three years laboured with much diligence to raise Mill Hill to the
position of a sanctioned charge. On Mr. Powell receiving license from
the Presbytery, he accepted a call to W'allsend in November, 1897. I'Vom
lack of a settled labourer the Mission had reached a low ebb, when, on
22nd January, 1899, the Rev. J. H. Lawrie (formerly missionary in the
New Hebrides) began services and infused new life into the cause.
Mr. Lawrie in due time became the first inducted minister. It has
been decided to erect a handsome brick church to cost ^1,520 at once
on the fine site, at the corner of Denison and Ebley Streets, which was
secured and paid for during Mr. Lawrie's pastorate. The Sunday
school is a large one. In 1904 Mr. Lawrie resigned and was called
to Picton, and in November of that year the Rev. T. Morgan was
translated from Minmi to this parish, where he is working with ability
and vigour. The present outlook is encouraging.

Elders: — January, 1900 — Messrs. J. 1). Rutherford, Robert Wilson
(resigned 1902); July, 1900 — William McLeod ; 1902 — T. De Ville,
H. I). Bremner ; 1904 — J. Hampshire and R. Jones.

WOOLLAHRA.

This important residential suburb of Sydney had been too long
left without a Presbyterian church, Init when once the work was begun
it was carried out with remarkable energy and success. The first step

366 HISTORIC SKETCHES OE PARISHES

towards the formation of a parish was taken at a public meeting held
in the Oddfellows' Hall, Queen Street, in December, 1887, and the
first service was held in the same hall on 12th February, 1888, the
preacher being the Rev. \V. M. Dill Macky, D.D., now of Scots Church.
On 31st July of the same year the Rev. John Walker, of Germanton,
was inducted as first minister of Woollahra. The new congregation were
fortunate in their choice of a pastor, and the popular gifts of Mr
Walker, his untiring energy and infecting enthusiasm, gathered a large
congregation about him in a very short time. From the first the
congregation was self-supporting, and never made any call upon the
Home Mission funds of the Church. At the induction of the minister
there were twenty-nine names on the roll. Within three years this
number had increased to 200. The congregation first worshipped in
the Oddfellows' Hall, but on ist June, 1889, the foundation stone of
the church was laid by the Hon. Sir John Hay, K.C.M.G., and the
church was opened for worship on 8th March, 1890. The architect
was Mr. John Sulman, F.R.I.B.A., and the building is modelled on the
Early Christian Basilica style, rather than on the more usual Gothic.
Only a portion of the original plan was built at the time, the growth of
the congregation necessitating a further addition in 1894, and the
building is not yet complete. The original estimated cost, including
site, was ^7,750, but including furnishings and purchase of freehold
^7,850 has already been expended, and a pipe organ put in at a cost
■of ^'600. Of this sum of ;;/^8,45o, ;!^7,45o has been raised, including
contributions promised to date (1905). The east window of the
church, costing /,20o, is a beautiful specimen of the work of
Ballantyne, Edinburgh, and was the gift of Colonel Gerald R. Campbel
and other members of the family of the late Hon. Alex. Campbell,
M.L.C., in memory of their father and mother. The pulpit, which is
of white Oamaru stone inlaid with French marbles and costing ^150,
was the gift of Mrs. Manson, and was presented in memory of her
husband, Mr. William Manson, and as a thanksgiving offering for the
ministry of the Rev. John Walker. Among other generous gifts to the
building of the church was a donation of ^750 by Mrs. John Frazer, of
" Quiraing," Woollahra, while the generosity of Mr. John Ellis did
much to give the congregation a local habitation. In 1899 Mr.
Walker was commissioned by the General Assembly to undertake the
organising of the Centenary Thanksgiving Fund. So well and success-
fully did he discharge this onerous task, that the Assembly retained his
services in this capacity for an additional two years, his [julpit being
supplied by leading ministers from ]*^ngland and Scotland, viz., the Rev.
Dr. J. Meharry (London), the Rev. W. M. Clow, M.A.,B.l). (Edinburgh),

PRESBYTERY OF SYDNEY 367

the Rev. Lewis Davidson, M.A. (Edinburgh), the Rev. Dr. G. Hanson
(London), and the Rev. F. W. Anderson, M.A. In 1902 Mr. Walker was
elected Moderator of the General Assembly, and the same year was
appointed Commissioner of the General Assembly for a period of five years.
This appointment necessarily involved the severance of the ministerial
tie with Woollahra congregation, which had under his ministry become
one of the most important parishes in the Church. At the request of the
congregation a Commission representing the various Home Churches,
and of which the Rev. Dr. Theodore Marshall, of the Church of Scotland,
was Convener, was appointed to select a minister from the Home Country.
The choice of the Commission fell upon the Rev. Ronald G. Maciiityre,
M.A., B.D. (Edin.), Minister of the United Free Church of Scotland,
Maxwelltown, Dumfries, but a native of Victoria ; and on 17th August,
1903, Mr. Macintyre was inducted to the parish. During the years
without a settled minister the congregation had naturally suffered, but
is now as strong as ever and steadily growing. The outlook is in every
way bright.

The congregation has long had under its fostering care two mission
churches, one at Double Bay and the other at Sutherland Street (the
latter founded and largely maintained by Mr. and Mrs. A. Keir Murray),
while its interest in foreign mission work is manifested in that for a
number of years the congregation maintained a missionary in China
(Miss Coleman), and still largely contributes to her support; while the
Sutherland Street mission maintains a native colporteur also in China.

Elders, past and present : — Messrs. John Ellis, Henry Gresham,
A. Keir Murray, Richard Steele, Clifford C Kennett, John Shedden
Adam, senr., Ebenezer MacDonald, Mungo Scott (deceased), William
Walker, Henry Brown, the Rev. A. C Geikie, D.D., LL.D. (deceased),
Messrs. Walter G. Geikie, John Gilmour, David Webster, Walter A.
Neve, John Douglas, J. George McKee, Frank K. Rutherford, and
Archibald Tudehope.

PRESBYTERY OF WAGGA WAGGA.

ALBURY.

Although Alhury belongs territorially to New South Wales, yet^
being so much nearer to Melbourne than to Sydney, it was, in
the early days, for many years connected with the Presbyterian
Churcli of Victoria.

In 1842 the Presbytery of Melbourne directed the Rev. Peter Gunn,
of the Gaelic Church, Melbourne, to make a missionary tour extending
to Albury. This he did, dispensing ordinances over a wide territory,
and for many years he made annual visits to inland districts, and was
mainly instrumental in the erection of many churches The parish
of Albury was formed in 1851. The first minister was the Rev. David H.
Ballantyne, who held the pastorate from 1851 to 1869, and laboured
over a very large area, extending from Wangaratta, Victoria, on the
south, to about forty miles north of Albury, and from Corowa on the
west, right up to Mount Kosciusko on the east; more or less regular
services being held over this great district. There are now within that
area no less than eleven Presbyterian parishes. Services were first held
in Albury in a building erected in Townsend Street. Mr. Ballantyne
was succeeded in 1869 by the Rev. Alexander Robb, who, after a four
years' pastorate, was followed by the Rev. H. B. Giles in 1873, and
to him succeeded, in 1878, the Rev. James Henry. Energetic and
admirable men were these all, and they all did excellent work. In Mr.
Henry's time (in 1886), the Albury parish was transferred from the
Victorian Church to the Church of New South Wales, and was
attached to the Presbytery of Wagga Wagga. In his pastorate a
school hall was erected l^ehind the church, in 1885. In 1890 Mr.
Henry resigned, and was followed by the Rev. David Smith, M.A.,
of Chalmers Church, Sydney. P>y the erection of several outlying

PRESBYTERY OF WAGGA WAGGA

albury: first five ministers and buildings

Plate Hi

PRESBYTERY OF WAGGA WAGGA

SEVEN CHURCHES AND A MANSE

Plate 112

PRESBYTERY OF WAGGA WAGGA

TWO CHURCHES AND THREE MANSES

Plate nr>

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

STUDENTS SERVING THE CHURCH IN THE HOME MISSION FIELD

Plate UU

PRESBYTERY OF WAGGA WAGGA 369

stations into separate parishes, the Alhury parish has now been reduced
to more workable dimensions. There are still over half-a-dozen
out-stations in which services are held, among these being : — Bowna,
Bungowannah, Bulgandra, Thurgoona, Walla Walla, and Jindera. 'I'here
have been recently purchased at a cost of ;^i,940 (about ^800 having
been donated through the Centenary Fund) a new manse and an acre
and a half of land, including a splendid corner site in the residential
part of Alljury. The old church, built about sixty years ago, together
with the old manse, school-hall, and large glebe, were recently sold for
^2,250. A school-hall has just been opened — the foundation stone
having been laid by Mr. Gordon R. McLaurin, M.L.A., and the door
of the building formally unlocked l)y Mr. J. L. McEachern. Opening
services were conducted by the Rev. John Walker, on i8th June, 1905.
A handsome new church is being built on the corner of the valuable
site in Olive Street, the foundation stone being laid by Mr. John
Ross, of Kinross, Oermanton, on 14th June, 1905, over ^400
being donated on the occasion. Under the faithful ministry of the Rev.
David Smith very much good work has been done in Albury parish,
which now takes rank among the most important of our country
parishes, and on his demission in May, 1905, he received valuable
tokens of the esteem in which he was held. As Clerk of Presbytery
for many years he has also done splendid service to the Church. On
nth October, 1905, the Rev. James Jackson, called from St. George's,
Geelong, Victoria, was inducted by the Presbytery of Wagga Wagga,
and has entered on his work zealously.

Elders from formation of parish : — 1856 — Messrs. John McCredie,
Alex. Jackson, Alex. Wallace, ^^neas A. Mcintosh; 1873 — John
Downie; 1876 — Thomas Murray, Thomas Mitchell, Alex. Ross, senr.,
James McLaurin ; 1885 — Alex. Hill, Henry C. R. Smith ; 189 1 — Peter
H. Stewart; 1893 — Peter Bell Munro ; 1898 — Joseph B. Hilton;
1902 — Henry G. Davies, David Broadfoot, Alex. J. Hill; 1904—
Richard Horsfield. Mr. P. Bell Munro has for years been the zealous
Session Clerk, as well as Superintendent of the Sunday School. The
Church Secretary is Mr. E. A. Heath, and the Treasurer, Mr. A. J. Cox.

COOLAMON.

Up to 2nd December, 1902, Coolamon and its widely-scattered
surroundings were attached to the Junee parish, and only received a
monthly service. This was quite inadequate, hence weekly services
were commenced by Mr. T. Hislop Dick, student, who was sent by the

X

370 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Home Mission Committee. On 12th December, 1902, Coolamon was
formed into a separate parish. The Rev. A. McWatt Allan arrived as
supply in January, 1904, and in the following April was settled as first
minister. A church hall, capable of seating about 200, was opened by
the Rev. John Walker, Assembly's Commissioner, on 27th November,
1904, and is free of debt. Monthly services are held at Matong,
Ganmain, Ashbridge, Methul, Currawarna, Warren, North Berry Jerry
on Sundays, and at Mangain and Kockibits on moonlight week nights.
The Rev. A. McWatt Allan having accepted a call to Corowa, where
he was inducted in June, 1905, several ministers were heard, and the
Rev. James McAndrew, M.A., was inducted on the 15th August, 1905.

Elders: — Messrs. Peter Iverach, Anthony Stinson, and Hugh
MacKinnon

COROWA.

Prior to 1888 Corowa was merely a mission station supplied by
agents of the Home Mission Committee. But in 1888 Corowa — with
Howlong and a wide country district — was erected into a sanctioned
charge, and in the following year the Rev. Wm. Watt was ordained and
inducted as its first minister. Mr. Watt's pastorate continued to 1892,
when he resigned. He was followed by the Rev. Thos. Steele, M. A., who
was called from Moree and inducted in July, 1892. During the
earnest pastorate of Mr. Steele a neat brick church was erected at
Corowa, seated for 200, and opened in 1895. In 1900 a handsome
brick church with vestry was opened at Howlong, with seating
accommodation for 150. Towards this, Mr. Alexander Macvean, of
Howlong Station (an elder of the parish, whose wife is a daughter of
the late Rev. D. H. Ballantyne), gave 200 guineas through the
Centenary Fund, along with another 100 guineas for the General Fund.
At Tarramia, twenty miles from Corowa, there is a wooden church
in which monthly services are held. There are several other
preaching centres. There is a comfortable brick manse at Corowa.
To the great loss of the Church, and to the sorrow of his congregation,
the Rev. T Steele succumbed, in 1904, to the after effectsof an accident,
dying at the Ministers' Retreat, Woodford, Blue Mountains, whither he
had gone in hope of gaining strength. After a vacancy of six months,
the- Rev. A. McWatt Allan was inducted as minister of the parish, on
)3th June, 1905.

Elders : — Messrs. John Oswald, James Begg, D. McPhee, and G.
JIaig (Corowa), and Alexander Macvean (Howlong).

PRESBVrERY OF WAGGA WAGGA 371

CULCAIRN.

Culcairn and district formed originally pari of the Gernianton parish,
whose first minister was the Rev. John Walker. In i8<S8, on Mr. Walker
being called to Woollahra, it became a separate parish, embracing a
very large area of country about forty miles long by eighty wide at one
end The Rev. W. Scott W'hitlier (afterwards Dr. Whittier) was
selected as the first minister. He had assisted Mr. Walker for two
years before the division of the parish, and was very popular with all
classes. In 1891 Dr. Whittier was granted nine months' leave of
absence to visit Palestine, Great Britain, and Canada. Owing to his
father's ill-health. Dr. Whittier had to demit his parish when in Canada.
During Dr. Whittier's absence and for about two years afterwards, the
work of the parish was carried on with great acceptance by the late
Mr. John Valentine, student, who afterwards did so much to build up
the Berrigan parish. \\\ 1895 the Rev. Alexander McClinchie was
hiducted, and, after ten years of hard and faithful service, is the present
minister of the parish. In the beginning of 1904 he was granted nine
months' leave of absence to visit the Home Country, and before leaving
was presented with a cheque for ^125. There is at Culcairn a
substantial and commodious wooden church— built in 1888 with
tower and bell, of old English architecture, more artistic and elegant
than wooden churches usually are. A splendid site for a manse
and glebe of over ten acres, at Culcairn, was presented by the Hon.
James Balfour in May, 1905.

The parish is a wide one, and embraces the following out-
stations : — Morven, Henty, Yerong, The Rock, Lockhart, Mittagong,
Tarcutta, Kyamba, Humula, Oberne, and Osborne. 'I'here are
Presbyterian churches at Yerong, The Rock, and Tarcutta Owing to
the largeness of the district and increasing population, an assistant has
i)een provided for Mr. McClinchie in the person of the Rev. J. H.
McGoun, so that Lockhart and other important centres will have more
services in the future. It is hoped that a new parish may grow out of
this movement ere long. A church is to be built at Lockhart.

Elders : — The Session consists of Messrs. J. H. Balfour (session
clerk), C. Young, W. G. Balfour, and B. G. Engelhardt. The Hon.
James Balfour, M.L.C., and his sons, James Hugh Balfour and William
G. Balfour, have proved a great strength to this parish.

GERMANTON.

The first regular services held in Germanton were commenced in
1870, when (Quarterly visits were made by the Rev. .Ale.xandcr Robb, from

372 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Albury. A committee was elected on the occasion of his first visit, and
steps initiated for the erection of a church. A good site of one and a
half acres in the centre of the town was granted by the Crown, and a
brick church, capable of seating over a hundred, was erected at a cost of
;^35o, and opened in 1873 t*}' '•^^^ Rev. H. B. Ciles, then minister of
Alburv. The prime movers in this matter were Messrs. James McLaurin
(Yarra Yarra), Thos. Mitchell (Woomargama), Alex. Ross, senr.
(Kinross), James Bruce, Thos. Smiles, and others. In 1883 this
church was mucli improved, and a vestry and class-room added,
at a cost of _;^400. An arrangement was made for the supply of
a monthly Sunday service by the minister of Albury, and Messrs.
James McLaurin. Thomas Mitchell, and Alex, Ross were elected
and ordained as elders The Rev. James Henry having become
minister of the Albury parish, the existing arrangement was continued
till 1 88 1. In the meantime, a desire having sprung up for more frequent
services, several applications were made to the Home Mission Committee
for an agent to be sent to occupy the field, and steps were taken to have
Germanton erected into a separate parish. The Rev. John Walker, who
had recently been licensed, came and soon succeeded in organising a
vigorous parish extending as far as Tumberumba and the head of the
Murray, and even including Corryong, Cudgewa, Towong, and Tintaldra,
in Victoria ; also taking in Culcairn, Gerogery, Morven, Cookardinia,
Yerong Creek, Mittagong, Tarcutta, Humula, and Kyamba. He
was ordained and inducted in 1882 by the Presbytery of Goulburn.
Two years after the settlement of Mr. Walker a commodious brick
manse was erected at a cost of about ^1,300, on a site of twenty
acres purchased through the late Mr. James McLaurin. In 1884 Mr.
Walker organised Tumberumba and the Up}>er Murray into a separate
parish, and the Rev J. H. Terras was settled as its first minister,
residing at Tumberumba, where he did a splendid work. During
Mr. Walker's pastorate several country churches were built. The
parish continued to advance until tlie propriety of erecting Culcairn,
witii Verong Creek, The Rock, Tarcutta, K)amba, and Humula into a
se{)aratc parish became a[){)arent. The finances having been satisfactorily
arranged, this was done, and the assistant of the minister of the
Germanton parish, the Rev. W. Scott Whittier, was inducted as
its first minister. Mr. Walker having accepted a call to a new
parish at Woollahra, Sydney, the Rev. Alexander McKinlay, just
arrived from the Free Church of Scotland, was called, and inducted in
December, 1888. Mr. McKinlay has done invaluable work and is still
the esteemed and able minister, and under his most acceptable
ministry the parish is prospering abundantly. Mr. McKinlay is this

PRESBYTERY OF WAGGA WAGGA 373

•year (1905) the Moderator of the (ieneral Assembly, and has done
much pi]l)hc work witli great acceptance.

In 1900 a movement was started for tlie building of a new church
at (jermanton, and the result has been the erection of one of the
prettiest churches in the State, at a cost of over ^2,000, free of debt.
This issue is due mainly to the laudable liberality of one family — the
Ross family, of Kinross Station — who donated ^2,000 to the Centenary
Fund, four-fifths of which went towards erecting the new church. By
other members and adherents ^500 was given to the Fund on the
•same conditions. In 1902 a church was built at Little Billabong, and
also opened free of del)t. The out-stations are now Cookardinia,
Mullengandra, Woomargama, Little Billabong, and Yarra Yarra. At all
of these except the last, there are churches, and all of them clear of debt.

Ei.DERS : — Past: Messrs. James McLaurin, senr., J. P. (deceased),
Alexander Ross, senr. (deceased); John Burns, J. P. (left parish); B. (J.
Engelhardt (left parish). Present Session: Messrs. John Ross, J. P.,
James Bruce, J.P , William Bunyan, A. R. M'Laurin, j.P., Robert
Hamilton, and William Lang.

JUNEE.

This parish was started through the energy of the Rev. J. Miller
Ross, General Agent of the Church, about August, 1885. The first
chairman of committee was Mr. James Rowe, railway station master.
The first minister sent was the Rev. James S. Scott — just arrived from
Scotland — who remained from November, 1885, till June, t886.

In 1886 Junee was recognised as a preaching station within the
bounds of the Presbytery of Wagga Wagga. Mr. Scott was followed,
for a time, by the Rev. D. W. Davies. In January, 1887, the Rev.
T. F. Fullarton, a licentiate of the Church of Scotland, came to the
district and was inducted as the first minister. In the year 1889 he
resigned. Thereafter, the Rev. Boswell Berry supplied from October,
1889, to April, 1890. The Rev. C. Crane, B.A., supplied during two
months, and in July, 1890, he was succeeded by the Rev. W. \\. Gray,
B.A., who was inducted in January, 1891, and held the pastorate for
over ten years. After his resignation, the field was occupied with
success for over three years by Mr. James Steele, student (now the
minister of Lindfield). In 1897 the Rev. James Carstjn was inducted,
and continued to minister with zeal and acceptance until 1902, when
he resigned, and was succeeded by the present minister, the Rev. John
Dunlop Landels, late of Malo, New Hebrides, who was inducted in

374 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

August, 1902. There are a brick churcli and a brick manse in Junee
(most of the cost of the latter being contributed through the Centenary
Fund), and six preaching stations, viz., Murrulebale and Yathella (at
both of which there are churches), Junee Reefs, Illabo, Wantiol, and
The Pinnacle. At the close of 1902 it was found necessary to form a
new parish, with Coolamon as the centre, thus disjoining three stations
from the Junee parish, and indicating progress in the district. Under
its zealous and much respected minister the Junee parish is year by
year growing in strength and importance, and a new church is just
completed in the centre of the town, with hall accommodation, wherein
more aggressive work may be done to meet the spiritual needs of the
people. The foundation stone of the admirable new Junee church and
school-hall was laid on 15th March, 1905, by Mr. Neil McCallum,
a staunch and liberal elder and friend of the Church, assisted by the
Rev. John Walker, Commissioner of Assembly, when about ^170 was
donated towards the building fund. A bell and turret were also
donated by Mr. Robert Hamilton, of Rosevale ; a marble font by the
Young People's Mission Band, with other valuable gifts towards
furnishing by members and friends of the congregation. The
Commissioner opened the new church on 13th August, when £^-]o
was given in collections.

Elders: — Past: Messrs. David Robertson, A. McLean, and D.
Oswald. Present : Messrs. Neil MacCallum, John Symington, J. J.
McCrea, Charles MacKinnon, Robert Hamilton, Henry Fox, and
Joseph Gledhill.

TUMBARUMBA AND THE UPPER MURRAY.

This town on the mountains above the River Murray was visited
frequently during the "sixties" by the Rev. A. S. Pennycook, from
Tumut. Once, the Rev. Roger McKinnon held service hereafter he
became minister of Tumut, about the year 1877. Thereafter no
Presbyterian services were held until the Rev. John Walker came
from (iermanton 62 miles off in the end of 1881. When Mr.
Walker was minister at (iermanton, his parish extended as far
southwards as Cudgewa and Corryong in Victoria. This, however,
was too much for any man, however active ; and so, after two
years, Tumbarumba and the Upper Murray were cut off to form a
new parish. This was inaugurated on 25th Ma)', i<S84, when Mr.
Walker drove the Kev. J. H. Terras (who had just arrived in Sydney

PRESBYTERY OF WAGGA IVAGGA 375

from llie I'Vcc (!hurch of Scotland) over the whole district and left him
at Manus Station. On ist October in that year, Mr. Terras was
ordained and inducted as first minister of the new parish by the original
Wagga VVagga Presbytery, the Rev. J. Walker happening at that time
to be the Moderator. 'I'here were many good and true workers in the
parish, including "honouraljle women not a few." Mr. and Mrs. Robert
MacMicking were as a tower of strength. Until his marriage, in the
following year, they most hospitably gave Mr. Terras a home at Manus
Station. The first church was erected at Jingellic, principally through the
unwearied exertions of Mrs. Strachan of Marrackit. In 1887 the Rev.J.H.
Terras demitted the parish, his physical strength having for a time given
way. Before this, however, the \'ictorian part of the parish was disjoined,
Mr. Terras not seeing his way to remove his residence from Tumbarumba
to Corryong. He was succeeded in 1888 by the Rev. J- (^albraith
Millar, who had just arrived from Scotland- During his pastorate, the
church and manse were built at Tumbarumba. In 1892, however, he
accepted a call to Corryong, in Victoria, and the Upper Murray portion
of the parish in New South Wales agreed to go with him ; and, though
overtures have been made, these families have as yet refused to return.
I umbarumba was thus, in a sense, left high and dry financially, for the
contributors to the Sustentation Fund at once were reduced from Br to
19, and the subscriptions from ;^i57 to j£,22. .Since then it has never
recovered, and has been worked principally by Home Mission Agents
and catechists. Yet at its inception the parish held a somewhat
unique position, for it remitted to the Church Extension Committee
;^ioo 15s 7d. to recoup it for its expenditure of ^92 i8s. lod. Mr.
Albert Carter is now in charge of the i)arish. and is working
energetically, with improved prospects.

Elders: — Messrs. .^^^neas Mcintosh, Donald Mcintosh, and
William McEachern (deceased).

WAGGA WAGCiA.

The first minister of Wagga Wagga was the Rev. Patrick Fitzgerald,
who was licensed in Sydney shortly after his arrival from Scotland. His
settlement took place in 1851. Things went well for a time, but the
memorable flood in the Murrumbidgee, which occurred soon afcer a
start had been made, had a discouraging effect on the minds both of
minister and people, and, in consequence, Mr. Fitzgerald resigned and
went to Tumut in 1854. Occasional services were held in the Court
House, but no sustained entleavour was made to establish a Presbyterian

376 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Church in Wagga nil llie year 1867, when Uie Rev. Thos. Craig was
translated from Tamworth. Mr, Craig's ministry was brief, as in 1870
he demitted his cliarge. His successor was the Rev. James Falconer,
inducted in 1872. After a few years of service, he also resigned. In
1877 the Rev. C. L. Nairn was translated from Queanbeyan to Wagga.
He remained for a little over a year, and was followed by the Rev. John
Anthony Stuart, who demitted in 1880. In 1881 the Rev. John Clark
McDonald, M.A., who had recently arrived from the Free Church of
Scotland, was ordained and inducted. He laboured with much success
for seven years, and was greatly esteemed. In 1888 lie resigned for
health's sake. In 1882, shortly after Mr. McDonald's settlement, he
was the means — along with the Revs. J. T. Main, M.A., of Young, J. T.
Robertson, M.A., of Tumut, and John Walker, of Germanton — of
bringing into existence the Presbytery of \Vagga Wagga, these parishes
up to then being part of the Presbytery of Coulburn. Mr. McDonald
was succeeded by the Rev. John Mclntyre, translated from Mittagong in
1889. In 1893 Mr. Mclntyre left the State, and in August, 1894,
the Rev. Richard Jennings of Hamilton, near Newcastle, accepted a call,
and continued minister of the charge till November, 1899, when he
went to Hay. In July, 1900, Mr. Jennings was succeeded l)y the
})resent minister, the Rev. Charles Bell. Mr. Bell had succeeded Mr.
Jennings at Hamilton, and now again succeeded him at Wagga.

Wagga is the centre of a large pastoral and agricultural district.
There are several out-stations at distances of six to twelve miles. The
charge has a kirk session of eight members, and a communicants'
roll of 120. The church, which was erected in 1869, is seated for over
200. As recently re-modelled and improved at considerable cost, it is
now a handsome building. One of its most pleasing features is the
beautiful window erected in memory of the late Mr. Alexander Davidson,
of P»ullenbong Station — for many years an elder and generous supporter
of the congregation — by his widow. A commodious school hall is about
to be built, great impetus to this having i)een given by the Assembly's
Commissioner, the Rev. John Walker, who, as the fruit of his two visits,
ol)tained promises of a considerable sum of money towards building
the hall, and also sufficient to extinguish the debt on all the church
buildings, and to place the congregation in an unembarrassed and
enviable position.

There are two manses belonging to the congregation the old one
<lid service till 1890, and the new one was built on the most elevated
portion of the site, 'i'he foundation stone w(is laid by the late Mrs.
Henry Baylis — for many years a prominent nieiMber of the congregation
— in Noveml)er, 1889. 'i'he new manse is a large and Inndsome

PRESBYTERY CF YOUNG

THREE CHURCHES AMD THREE MANSES

Plate lie

PRESBYTERY OF YOUNG

FOUR CHURCHES AND THREE MANSES

Plate ll'i

PRESBYTERY OF U'ACGA WAGGA 377

building of two stories, an ornanienl to the town, and a credit to the
congregation. The old manse is let, and brings in a small revenue.

Prkachinc. Station.s: — Wagga Wagga, Oura, J^ine (iully, Lake
Albert, and Downside.

Elders: -Mes.srs. (jeorge Mair, M. McKen/.ie, — Nixon, —
McArthur, Alexander Davidson, Robert Dunn, John Leenion, C. H.
Thomson, J. K. Patten, William Orr, \V. M. Mouritz, (Iharles M.
Davidson, John Dunn, and John Lamoni. Of these, Messrs. Leenion,
Thomson, Mouritz, C M. Davidson, J. Dunn, and Lamont form the
,])resent Session.

PRESBYTERY OF YOUNG.

BURROVVA— BINALONG.

Services were commenced in Burrowa about the year 1869, when
the Rev. John Gibson, of Yass, preached in the Court House. These
services were continued from time to time by the Revs. Wilham Gardner
and Robert Jackson, M.A., of Yass, and J. T. Main, M.A., of Young.
A site was obtained for a church and manse through the instrumentaHty
of the Rev. George Grimm, M.A., of Young, and Isaac Stevenson, Esq.,
of Burrowa. In 1885 a church was built and opened by the Rev. J. T.
Main. Burrowa and Murrumburrah having been formed into a parish
by the Presbytery of Wagga Wagga, the Rev. James Goudie was called
from the Bellinger River, of which he was the first minister, and
translated to Burrowa in 1887. From Burrowa he was translated, in
1889, to the Mittagong and Bowral parish.

Mr. Goudie was followed by the Rev. J. Dawson Edwards, who was
inducted in 1S90, and continued minister till 1896, when he demitted.
Services thereafter ceased to be held in Burrowa for some years, until
the new parish of Binalong-Burrowa was constituted, and Mr. Goudie
was again called and inducted in 1901, and is the present minister.

The church is a neat brick building, with slated roof, and seated
for about 150. There is a beautiful brick manse adjoining the church,
but no glebe or school hall. The out-stations are Reid's Flat, Numby,
Frogmore, Rye Park, Narrallen, Kenyu, Rugby, and Tangmangaroo.

The following form the Committee of Management: — Messrs.
Isaac Stevenson (hon. treasurer), James Stevenson (hon. secretary),
Thos. Stevenson, John Thomson, J. R. Alston, R. Telford, Donald
.Stewart, Wm. Rutter, W. T. McP'ee, and J. l.earniont.

COOTAMUNM)RA.
The Temora-Cootamundra parish was formed in 1882, 'I'eniora
being disjoined and formed into a new parish in the year 1883. 'I'he
first minister was the Rev. J. Dykes Paterson, from the Established
Church of Scotland, who died very suddenly in Cootamundra after
a very brief ministry. One of the first acts of the newly-formed
Presbytery of ^\■agga Wagga, which tlien inibraced Cootamundra, was

PRESHYTERY OF YOUNG 379

to separate the parish from 'I'emora and moderate in a call to fill the
vacancy. The choice of the congregation fell on the Rev. Robert
Inglis, M.A., a new arrival in the colony. Wallendheen was disjoined
from Young in order to form part of the parish along with (lundagai
and Cootamundra. Mr. Inglis was ordained on 5th April, 1883. The
foundation stone of the church at Cootamundra was laid by Mr. John
McClintock in March of the following year, and the opening services
took place in August. Mr. Inglis resigned in June, 1885, and was
succeeded by the Rev. Daniel W. Macfie, M.A., who was inducted
on 17th November, 1885, and demitted in 1890. Mr. Macfie remained
minister at the formation of the new Presbytery of Young in 1889.
He was succeeded by the Rev. H. A. Hutchison, B.Sc, who is still
minister. ^ValIendbeet1 is an important centre of this parish and the
Mackays of Wallendheen Station have always been generous supporters.
Elders: — Messrs. John W. McClintock (deceased), David
McConaghy, John McClintock, William Duff, Robert Burgess, and
James Boxsell.

CONVRA.

Cowra formed part of the Carcoar parish, and was worked in
connection therewith, until, in 1884, it was erected into a sei)arate
parish. Its first minister was the Rev. Robert Barry Brown, who was
inducted in 1885. He was followed by the Rev. Simpson Millar, B.A.,
inducted in 1889, and transferred to Wollongong in 1893. He was
greatly esteemed. In 1894 the Rev. James MacAndrew, ]M.A., was
inducted. He was followed in 1899 by tlie present minister, the Rev.
hawing T- Thomson.

The church — said to be the first Protestant church on the Lachlan
River — bears date 1861. Since the settlement of Mr. Thomson, a
handsome brick manse has been erected, and a Sunday school has
l)een built. The foundation stone of the manse was laid by Mrs. J.
Ousby, of Klmsleigh. Two new brick churches have been built, one at
Cioolagong and another at Canowindra. The latter was blown down ir>
a hurricane, but has been rebuilt. About ^{^1,500 has been spent,
and but little debt remains. To the liberality of the late Hon. Ceorge
Campbell, M.P.C., the parish is largely indebted. The operations of
the Centenary Fund greatly helped in clearing off debt on the manse,
and in other building enterprises. The energetic ministry of Mr.
Thomson is much appreciated.

Preachinc. Centres:— Cowra, Canowindra, Coolagong, Mowagla
C'reek, Wallaroo, Lower Back Creek, North Logan, and Waltamadarah.

380 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Eldkrs : — In addition to the Hon. George Campbell, the
following names appear in the Eldership : Messrs. James Drummond,
Edward Killen, Robert Slessar, Joseph Ousby, William Woodward,
and W. W. Twigg.

GRENFELL.

Young and Grenfell formed originally one parish, the Rev. John
Cameron being the first minister, inducted in 1867. He was followed in
1871 by the Rev. George Grimm, M.A. During Mr. (irimm's ministry a
Government grant of two acres was obtained and a manse was erected on
this land ; and about the same time a half-acre allotment was purchased
in the town, and tlie present brick church erected on it.

In 1874 the parish was divided, and Mr. Grimm elected to
go to Young, and was succeeded by the Rev. Edward Holland,
who was translated to Dubbo in 1877. The Rev. C. W. Philip was
minister from 1878 to 1885, when he demitted. The Rev. W.
Weatherstone was his successor, and remained from 1885 to 1887.
He was followed by the Rev. N. E. Paterson, who held the charge
till 1890. In 1892 the Rev. James Milne was inducted, and
remained till 1896, when he demitted. The Rev. (ieorge Paul
was then inducted, and remained till, in 1902, he was translated to
Forbes. In Mr. Philip's time a movement was started for building a
new manse, but it was not until 1897 that sufficient money was forth-
coming to warrant the Committee in proceeding with the matter. In
that year the foundation stone was laid by the Right Reverend the
Moderator, Dr. Bruce, and the building was ready for occupation on
the arrival of Mr. Paul in February, 1898. The manse, which cost
^700, is a credit to our Church. The whole of the Grenfell Church
property — worth at least ;^i,5oo— is free of debt, a result due largely to
the liberality of Mr. Robert Hill, the senior elder, and his esteemed wife.
Considerable re{)airs and improvements to church and manse properties
were carried out through the operations of the Centenary I'und.

At Mitton's Creek a Government grant of an acre and a half is
available as sites for church and manse. Money is in hand towards
buildmg a church at Bimbi.

The Rev. John Scott was inducted in 1903, but at the end of 1904
he was called and translated to Hagley, Tasmania. The Rev. Charles

H. Main was called from Byron Bay, and inducted on 29th March, 1905.
Pkkachino Cknikes: (irenfell, Bimbi, W^eddin, and I'^mu Creek.
Ei.DKK.s: Past : Messrs. William F. Parker, Charles CAUiningham,

Robert Hill, and John .Xiiderson. Present : Messrs. H. V. Wigg,

v. 'I'urnrock, antl Whiiworlh.

PRESnYTERY OF VOUNG 38 r

(•.UN1)A(;AI.

Guiidagai is one of the oldest of our New South Wales towns, but,
as a Presljyterian parish, it is one of the youngest. The original towrr
was swept away by a flood ; the present town has been built on the
hillside, high above flood mark, and contains a population — with outlying
district — of some 2,000. It lies between Tumut and Cootamundra, and
in the early days received ministerial visits from the ministers of these
l>arishes. A few years ago, there being a reasonable prospect of a
j;rowth of population, Gundagai was erected into a parish, and the Rev.
|. J. Jennings laboured for some three years as Home Mission Agent..
The Rev. ^\^ Anson Smith was called and inducted in 1903. After
a ministry of fifteen months — as the ex[)ected increase of population
did not take place — Mr. Smith accepted a call to Temora. Services
were, for a time, maintained by agents of the Home Mission Committee,,
and for nearly two years, from 1902-4, the field was occupied by the Rev.
Donald Ross. During his period of service a new field was opened at
Muttama, where Mr. Armstrong donated a site for a church. Through
the energetic efforts of the ladies a new church was speedily got up
and opened, all but free of debt, by the Revs. John Walker and D.
Ross. The parish is of considerable extent and has many beauties.
There is a site for a church in Gundagai. About £,200 is promised or
paid for a church building. Since the beginning of 1905 the major
portion of this district is being worked in connection with Tumut
parish, by means of an assistant minister. 'Ilie Muttama centre is to be
attended to from Cootamundra.

MONTEAGLE-BLAND.

Monteagle-Bland formed originally part of the \'oung parish. But
about the year 1891, the Rev. Robert Edgar being then minister of tlie
parish, it became evident that the town and district of Young formetf
too large a sphere to be worked by one man. To aid in overtaking the
work, the assistance of the Rev. D. McKay Barnet, B.A. (then a student),
was obtained, and town and country were for a time worked together ;
but it was soon found that the country people preferred to stand alone
and have a minister of their own. The country districts were accordingly
constituted into a separate parish — called Monteagle-Bland — which was
for a time supplied by agents of the Home Mission Committee ; but
in 1894 the Rev William Gould-Taylor, F.L.S., was inducted as the first
minister. Tlie new parish comprehended the following centres : —
Tubbul, Thuddungra, Wombat, Beehive Farm, Monteagle, and Cudgel
Creek. The churches at Tubbul, Thuddungra, and Monteagle are

382 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

Union churches. At Wombat a substantial brick Presbyterian church
has been built, almost entirely through the generosity of the Messrs.
Drummond, in connection with the Centenary Fund, at a cost of ^200.
It was opened in March, 1904.

The Rev. W. Gould-Taylor resigned in 1900, and was followed by
the Rev. William Robertson, M.A., inducted in April, 1901. Mr.
Robertson demitted in December of the following year, and the parish
was then supplied by agents of the Home Mission Committee.

This district has recently been united again — for a time, at any rate
— with Young.

MURRUMBURRAH.

In the early days Murrumburrah received occasional ministerial
visits from the Rev. J. T. Main, M.A., minister of Young. But after
a time Murrumburrah, in association with Burrowa, was formed
into a parish, and for three years had the services of the Rev.
James Goudie as its pastor. He was succeeded, in 1891, by the
Rev. J. D. Edwards, who held the pastorate for six years. The
parish having become vacant, a separation was effected, and
Murrumburrah was itself constituted a separate parish, and was
supplied by agents of the Home Mission Committee, until, in 1901, the
Rev. William Gould-Taylor, F.L.S., was inducted as its first minister,
labouring with zeal and great acceptance in this wide field, until his
somewhat sudden death in September, 1905.

The church was erected in 1883, whilst it was yet without a
minister of its own, and receiving visits from the minister of Young. It
is a brick church, with a seating capacity for 150, and cost ^^700,
situated about equi-distant from Murrumburrah and Harden. The site
was presented by Dr. McDougall, and from him an additional portion
of land was purchased.

A site with a frontage to three streets and containing over three
acres was purchased from the Government, and the foundation stone
of a large brick manse was laid by the Rev. John Walker in January,
1905, and the building has just been completed and occupied. There
are several out stations, including Galong, Nubba, Garangula, Currawang,
Rocky Hills, varying from four and a half to fifteen miles distant.
Services are held morning and evening in Murrumburrah, and at the
out-stations, some fortnightly, some monthly, and some only quarterly,
in the afternoon.

Elders: — Messrs. J. Hannah, A. C Maclnnes, and W. N. Wood.
•Committee of Management.- Messrs. J. B. Baxter, ^V. Ellis, A. Henry,

PRESBYTERY OF YOUNG 383

A. Macaulay, J. Mcintosh, J. Milne, D. Reid, J. Rogers, \\. E. Ross,
R E. Thompson, and \V. A. Sharp (hon. sec).

TEMORA.

The discovery of gold at Temora in 1880 drew a large population
to the locality, estimated to number at one time as many as 10,000.
The nearest Presbyterian churcli was tliat at Young, of which
the Rev. J. T. Main, M.A., was minister. For a time Mr. Main
paid monthly visits to Temora, and as the place assumed more
of a settled character, an effort was made to get a church erected.
The result was that, in 1882, a substantial brick church, costing
^350, was opened by the Rev. W. H. Gray, B.A., an agent
of the Church Extension Committee. Cootamundra was in the
first instance conjoined with Temora. The Rev. J. S. Boyd sui)plied
for a time, and was followed by the Rev. J. 1). Patterson, who,
in 1883, was inducted as first minister of the united [)arish of
Temora and (Cootamundra. A desire having arisen to have Temora
constituted a separate parish, steps were taken to that end, the result
being that Temora, Harmedman, and Morangarell were formed into a
.separate parish, and the Rev. Alexander Riddell, formerly a missionary
in Africa, was sent to occupy the field. After labouring for a time, Mr.
Riddell was inducted as first minister of Temora in August, 1882.
Mr. Riddell proved an energetic worker, and under him elders were
ordained, the Communion dispensed, and sundry additional preaching
stations opened. Mr. Riddell having accepted an appointment to
Silverton — a newly-opened mining centre — in T'ebruary, 1883, Temora
was left for several years to the care of the Church Extension
Committee, by whose agents it was supplied.

In 1888 the Rev. Alex. Dandie was inducted as i)astor. 'i emora
had in the meantime undergone a great change. The gold industry had
declined, and the population had become much reduced ; but with the
settlement of the people upon the lands around the town, a healthier
condition of things began to prevail. The site on which the church
stands was bought and paid for, and a splendid ten-acre block of land
was purchased and fenced in as a site for a manse.

At Barmedman a site for a church in the town was purchased by
Mr. Eachlan Robertson, and, by the liberality of himself and wife, with
the help of a few others, a neat weatherboard church was built, and
handed over free of debt.

Towards the close of 1895 Mr. Dandie was translated to Tumut,
and the Rev. J. D. Edwards was called to Temora, where he remained but

384 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

a short time. After a vacancy of two or three years, the Rev. W. Anson
Smith was called in 1902 from Giuidagai, and the church is getting into
a more prosperous condition. About ;^4oo having been raised through
the Centenary Fund for a minister's residence, the Rev, John Walker,
in May, 1904, laid the foundation stone of a fine brick manse, to cost
about ^900. This has lately been completed and occupied, and is a
great strength to the parish.

The Preaching Centres are the following: — Temora, Barmedman,.
Bagdad, Narruburra, Beaconsfield, Morangorell, Combaning, and Ariah.

Ei.DEKS, past and present : — Messrs. D. Greig, A. McKinlay,.
R. Van Dyk, VVm. Nixon, \V. Drummond, A. Drummond, and
J. Donaldson. The first Committee consisted of Messrs. W. Semple,
J. Tauchan, W. Rue, J. Crillay, J. Sharp, R. S. Hunter, and W. Swann.
Mr. Nixon is the energetic treasurer of the congregation.

TUMUT.

In the year 1850 the Rev. Gottfried Wagner was inducted into the
pastoral charge of Tumut, but domestic affliction constrained him,
after a brief pastorate, to resign. Towards the end of 1851 the Rev.
Patrick Fitzgerald, who was minister of Wagga Wagga, began to labour
in the district, and was called and inducted in the year 1853,.
continuing to hold the pastorate till 1862. A small wooden church
and a small wooden manse were built during his ministry. After a
long vacancy — during which the Rev. A. S. Pennycook conducted
services at Tumut, Adelong, Gundagai, and Tumberumba —
the Rev. Roger McKinnon was inducted in 1876, and continued to
minister, with much appreciation, till 1878. During his pastorate a
brick church was built in the town of Tumut, at a cost of about
^1,200, also a brick church in the town of Adelong, at a cost of
about ^600. After an interval of about two years the Rev. James T.
Robertson, M.A., was inducted, and remained until 1883, when he
accepted a call to Union Memorial Church, North Melbourne. During
his earnest and successful pastorate a brick manse was built, at a cost
of / 700, in Tumut. In 1883 the Rev. Robert Jackson was inducted,
and his faithful and devoted ministry extended to 1888, when he accepted
a call to East Maitland. In his time a brick church was built at
Brungle, at a cost of ^400. After him, the Rev. James W. Dow was
minister for two years, and was succeeded by the Rev. George Stewart,
from 1891 to 1895, when he returned to Scotland. After him the
Rev. .'Mexander Dandie was minister from 1895 to 1900, when he was
translated to Windsor. 'I'he Rev. W. H. Marshall was inducted in

PRESBVTERy OF YOUNG 385

May, 1901, and resigned in 1903, being succeeded in 1904 by the
Rev. H. Stewart Anderson, M.A. The Tumut parish has property
worth from three to four thousand pounds, wliich is now freed of debt,
getting valual)le help through the Centenary Fund.

Pke.'\ching Centres : — Tutnut, Brungle, Adelong. Batlow, lioni-
bowlee, and Creek. Rig Bear, Cundagai, and Adelong Crossing were,
a few years ago, disjoined and formed — with other centres — into
Gundagai parish, but are likely to revert again to Tumut.

Elders: — Ordained October, 1876: Messrs. Thos. McLaren,
James Simmers, senr. (deceased), David Wilson (deceased), Andrew
Smith (resigned). Ordained 1884: Messrs. James Deans and James
Kell (Session Clerk).

WYALONG.

This parish consists of two townships — East and West Wyalong.
In 1896 the Home Mission Committee began operations on the new
goldfield, where a considerable mixed population had settled, and the
Rev. John Auld, M.A., Convener, visited the district, using his influence
with the few Presbyterians he found.

In August, 1898, the Rev. J. H. Lawrie, formerly of the New-
Hebrides Mission, was sent to form a Presbyterian parish. The services
in both East and West Wyalong were begun in halls belonging to two
publicans, and, to their credit be it said, no charge was made. Bark
humpies, tin shanties, and more pretentious houses were visited
regularly. Men were spoken to on the streets, under the hotel
verandahs, and at the mines, until an atmosphere of interest in the new
Presbyterian cause was created. As the result of si.x months' labour
two congregations were formed, and in the West town a weatherboard
church built. Mr. J. Rae presented an organ and lamps to the new-
church. The Rev. John Burgess, M.A., Moderator of Assembly,
opened the church, and the congregational treasurer announced that
the church was opened free of debt. Among those who were most
prominent in helping to found the Presbyterian cause in Wyalong
were: — Messrs. W. Rae, secretary; F. W. Reay, treasurer; J. xMiller,
superintendent of Sunday school, and the late Mr. R. A. Collie, J. P.

After the Rev. J. H. Lawrie left to take up work at Mill Hill,
Waverley, he was succeeded by the Rev. Donald Ross, a faithful pioneer
in such-like work. During the past seven years quite a number of Home
Mission agents have had a taste of life among the gold miners, and now
that railway communication has been established it is hoped that the
Presbyterians at Wyalong will soon be able to call and su[)port a
settled minister.

Y

386 HISTORIC SKETCHES OF PARISHES

YOUNG.

The Rev. John Cameron was the first Presbyterian minister to
hold services in Young He arrived in 1867, and remained for about
two years, when he left for Victoria.

The Rev. George (}rimm, M.A., who was holding services in Grenfell,
took up the work in Young in 1870. Under his ministry, the church,
a brick building capable of containing 200, was erected, also a large
two-story brick manse. In 1880, Mr. Grimm — after a very successful,
strenuous, and memorable ministry — was translated to West Balmain,
where he died.

He was succeeded by the Rev. James T. Main, M.A., who was
inducted in 1881, and translated to Dubbo in 1887. The Rev. Robert
Edgar followed, and was inducted in 1887, and demitted in 1893.
After him, the Rev. ^Villiam Groundwater Fraser held the pastorate for
two years, resigning in 1895. The Rev. James Cosh, B.A., B.D., was
ordained and inducted in i8g6, and demitted in 1898. The Rev.
David Allan was inducted in 1900, and demitted in 1904, being
succeeded by the Rev. W. Walter Watts, the present minister. After
the Rev. D. Allan's demission, the Young and Monteagle-Bland
parishes were re-united as a "composite" parish, under the name of
" Young-Bland." Town and country are, therefore, now under one
minister and a united session. (See Monteagle-Bland).

Murrumburrah, Temora, Wallendbeen, and Burrowa at one time
received services from Young.

The manse occupies a commanding position on the heights
overlooking the town, and although there is no glebe, the land granted
by the Government for church and school adjoins the manse, and, for
the present, serves the purpose of a glebe. A new church, with ample
space around it, is urgently required for the comfortable and effective
carrying on of the work.

The Preaching Centres are : — Young, Tubbul, Thuddungra,
Wombat, Beehive.

Elders from formation of parish have been : — Messrs. Peter Cram
(session clerk for many years), Frederick Turnrock, John Sivell, senr.,
Robert Hutchison, David Rentoul (senior clerk after P. Cram), George
Roxburgh, John Sivell, junr. [William Mcintosh (present session
clerk), William Ur(|uhart, W. C. i^Mmunds, (l. Long, Dr. Steel. In
the Bland congregation: Matthew Drummond, Robert Cram, \S . L.
King, and Wm. Anderson]. The names bracketed form the present
united session of the Young-Bland parish.

IN MEMORIAM

IN MEM OKI AM

380

IN MEMORIAIVI

When the Centenary Thanksgiving Fund was
devised, it ivas decided, as part of the Scheme,
that In Memoriani (lifts ivonld he received to
retain in the memory of the Church the names
of friends aiid relatives who have foined the
Church Invisible. This has been fiiriy largely
availed of.

IN MEMORY OF I DONORS.

Miss MARY E. McLEAN,

Died at Parkes, 19th January, 1900

Mr. WILLIAM LOTHIAN,.
Died at Granville, 31st May, 1893

Mrs. MARION LINTON.

Died at Annandale, 7th Sept., 1896

Mr. JAMES LITTLE,

Died at Croydon, 28th July, 1898

Mr. JOHN McCREDIE,

Died at Pyrmont, nth April, 1863

.Mr. WILLIAM JOHN McGAW,
Died at Kooba, nth July, 1894

Mr. WILLIAM NEILL,

Died at sea, i6th March, 1S92

Mr.s. (HELEN) NEILL,

Died at Edgecliffe, ist July, 1899

Mrs. GEORGE SUTHERLAND.
Died at Forest Lodge, 5ih June, 1899

.Mr. ROBERT IlAV,

Died at Tuross, i8th Nov., 1879

Mr. & Mrs. John Candlish, Mr. R. S.
Candlish, & Miss E. A. McLean

Mrs. E. S. Lothian, Granville

Mr. William Linton, Strathfield

Mrs. James Little and Family,

Concord

Mrs. Jessie Smyth, Ultimo
Mrs. W. J. McGaw, Manly

[- Dr. Leo E. F. Neili, WooUahra

Misses E. L. and J. B. Sutherland,
Forest Lodge

Misses Maud, Margaretta, and
Beatrice Hav, Woollahra

390

IN MEMORIAM

IN MEMORY OF

Mrs. TANET,McCrackan)DIGHT,

Died at WooUahra, 25th Sept., 1888

Mr. JOHN COLQUHOUN,
Died at Linton, Victoria

Mrs. CHRISTINA COLQUHOUN,
Died at Linton, X'ictoria

Rev. JAMES BONTHORNE,
Died at E. Maitland, 13th June, 1881

Rev. SAMUEL HUMPHREY,
Died Campbelltown, 8th Nov., 1896

Miss ANNIE MACDONALD,

Died at Dalness, 26th June, 1898

Mr. JAMES YOUNG,

Died at Sydney, 3rd July, 1S91

Mrs. ELIZABETH CRAIGIE,
Died Perth, N.B., nth Oct., 1866

Mr. ANDREW PAYTEN,

Died at Parramatta, nth July, 1895

Mr. THOMAS McKEE,

Died at Annandale, 17th June, 1902

Mr. JAMES McGUFFICKE,

Died at Darlinghurst, 1 1 th Dec. , 1 885

Mrs. ESTHER McGUFFICKE,
Died at Cooma, 14th Dec, 18S5

Mrs. CATHERINE CAMPBELL,
Died at Inverell Station, Feb. 27, 1874

Mr. GEORGE CARTER,

Died at Adaminaby, 17th Oct., 1894

Mrs. JANE CARTER,

Died at Adaminaby, 2nd Sept., 1895

Mr. W. M. BOkTHWICK,

Died at Morven, Narrabri, isl
Sept , 1890

Mr. FRANCIS WH.LOUGHin
ELIOTT,

Died at Grecnwells, 271I1 June, 1882

Mr. Arthur Hilton Dight, B.E.,

Woollahra

- Mr. John Colquhoun, Woollahra

Mr. J. M. A. Bonthorne,

Darling Point

Mrs. Sara Swanson, Woollahra

Miss Helen Macdonald,

Watson's Bay

Mrs. Carl Olsson Sydney

Rev. and Mrs. W. F. Craigie,

Minmi

Mrs. Margaret Payten,

Deskford, Parramatta

Mrs. Jane McKee, Annandale

Mrs. Daniel McGregor,

Brookfield, Cooma
Mrs. F. J. Mould.

Boconoc, Adaminaby

'Mr. P. C. Campbell,

Inverell Station, Inverell
Mrs. Edmond C. Body,

Strathbogie, Deepwater

Mrs. James Ilolston,

Braemar, Adaminaby

Mr. W. M. P.ortbwick, Walcha

Mrs. Saia Jane lOliotl,

(ireen wells, Walcha

IN MEMORJAM

.V> '

liN MUMORY OF

DONOKS.

Mr. JOHN FLETCHER,

■ Mr.

William Fletcher,

Died at Orandumbie, Walcha, 31st

Orandumbie, W'alcha

July, 1890

xVlr.

Thomas Fletcher,

Branga Plains Walcha

Mrs. HELEN FLETCHER,

Mr.

John l-'lelcher

Died at Orandumbie. 9th May, 1S95

■

Kentucky, Armidale

Mrs. HELEN J. FLETCHER,

A

Died at North Cairnie, 9th May, 1895

. Mr.

Thomas Fletcher.

Mr. ANDREW N. FLETCHER,

Marygrey, Walcha Road

Died at Marygrey, 2 1st August, 1900

.

Mrs. ELIZABETH LAURH-:,

(Mr.

Alex. Laurie, Junr , Walcha

Died at Nowcndoc, 5th March, 1900

I Mr.

Thomas Laurie, Nowendoc

Mr. ABRAHAM XIVISON,

N

Died at Ohio, Walcha, 25th April,

1895

■ Mr.

J. A. Nivison, Ohio, W^alcha

Mrs. MARY NIVISON,

Died at Ohio, November, 1874

■

xMrs. CATHERINE CARR,

Mr.

W. George Carr,

Died at Walcha, 9th July, 1895

Springfield, Walcha

Mr. RODERICK McRAE,

rMr.

Roderick A. McRae,

Died at Fairburn, Kilcoy, nth

Fairburn, Armidalc

March, 1900

\ Mr.

Alex. J. McRae,

P'airburn, Armidale

Mr. ROBERT MURRAY,

•

Died at Haning, nth April, 1892

Mr.

Peter 0. Murray,

Mrs. JANE MURRAY

Haning, Bendemeer

Died at Haning, 17th April, 1S92

.

Mrs. ALEXANDRINA H. ERASER,

Mr.

and Mrs. E. R. Radnidge,

Died on 14th P'ebruary, 1900

Armidale

Miss ANNIE J. MACINNES

Miss Christina Macinnes, Uralla

Died at Carrabolla, 1st Sept., 1898

Mr. GEORGE LORIMER GIBSON.

Mr.

.A-lexander Park,

Died at Longford, 17th Nov., 1886

Longford, Bendeenier

Mrs. ELIZABETH JONES,

Mr.

.Mexander Jones, W'^ollomombi

Died at .Armidale, i4lh March, 1S93

Mrs. ELIZABETH McRAE,

Died WoUomombi, loth Nov. 1891

' Mr. John D. McRae,

Ferndale, WoUomombi
Miss Mar\- McRae,

Mr. RODERICK McRAE,

Died W\illomombi, nth Mar., 1900

Mr.

Fairburn, WoUomombi
Donald A. McRae,

Fairburn, WoUomombi

Mrs. MARjORIE CAMERON,

Mr.

.Alex. K. Cameron,

Died at (ilcu Innes, 2nd June, 1S9S

ri.iwrie. Tentcrdeii

392

IN ME MORI AM

IN MEMORY OF

Mr. CHARLES WILLIS,
Died at Guyra

Mr. FRANKLIN JACKES,

DiedatOrchardfield, 29th Aug., 1884

Mrs. MARGARET JACKES,

DiedatOrchardfield, 5thjune, 1897

Miss CAROLINE M. POLLOCK,
Died at Tenterfield, 15th June, 1881

Mr. ALEXANDER McRAE,

Died at Hillgrove, 30th March, 1886

Mrs. MARGARET McRAE,
Died at Coninside, 4th Oct., 1893

Mr. DAVID BELL,

Died at Rimbaiida, nth Nov., 1886

Hon. GEO. CAMPBELL, M.L.C..
Died atJerula,Cowra,2nd Sept., 1900

Rev. MATHEW ADAM,

Died at Windsor, 15th Jan., 1863

Mrs. MARY ADAM,

DiedatPoona, India, 5lhMay, 1883

Mr. ALEXANDER McILVEEN,
Died Kanowna, W. A. , 1 5th Mar. , '98

Mr. FERGUS SAM UEL FLOWERS,
Died at Riverstone, 19th Aug , 1894

Rev. Dr. A. C. GEIKIE,

Died at Woollahra, 29th July, 1898

Mrs. HARRIET C. FITZGERALD,
Died at Sydney, 21st June, 1897

Mr. ERNEST GEO. LOITERTON,
Died at Rosemont, 28th May, 1890

Mr. THOS. SMILES,

Died at Germanton, 31st Dec, 1896

Mrs. CHRISTINA SMILES,

Died at Germanton, 8th July, 1898

Miss ISABEL MARY MACVEAN,
Died at Alhury, 15 years of age

Mr. STANISLAUS DE MAMIEL,
Died at Morhringer, 25th June, 1899

LIZZIE FEKRIER (infant),

Died at Alhury, 9th January, 1900

Mrs. HANNAH C. GIBBONS,
Died at Jindera, 28th May, 1900

Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Willis and
Arthur Norman Willis.

Eastern Plains, Guyra

Mr. Geo, P. B. Jackes, Armidale

M r. and M rs. Samuel Francis Pollock,
Sydney

Mrs. Margaret F. Mills, Wollomombi

Mrs. Jane S. Bennett,

Rimbanda, Armidale

Mrs. Duncan Anderson,

Newstead, Inverell

Mrs. Agnes Adam,

The Park, Windsor

Mr. James Adam, Windsor
Mrs. C. A. White, Stanmore
Mrs. Harriet Flowers, Riveistone
Miss Matilda Beddie, Meranburn
Rev. Patrick Fitzgerald, \\ indsor
Mrs. Charles Young, Culcairn

Mrs. Alex. Ross,

Billabong Station, Germanton

Mrs. Alex. Macvean,

1 lowlnng Station

Mrs. S. J. De Mamiel,

Morbringer, Ilowlong

Mr. and .Mrs. Alex. L. Ferricr.

Alhury

Misses Ellen and Hannah Gihborts,
jindera

AV MEMORIA.\f

IN MKMORV OF

Mrs. CATHERINE MOHR,
Died at Albury, 6th Nov., 1899

Mr. JAMES LOOKE,

Died Maryville, 17th June, 1S95

Mr. JOSEPH ANDREWS,

Died at Wnodsidc, 9lh Jan., 1901

Mr. NORMAN McLEAN,
Died at Kendall

Mi. ROBERT LAUGHLIN,

Died Camden Haven, 2nd Oct., 1896

Mrs. GARVIN,

Died at Newtown, joih Mar., 1900

Mrs. ELIZABETH BOND,
Died at Sydney, 13th Dec, 1899

Rev. JOHN REID,

Died at Sydney, iSlhJuly, 1S67

Mrs. MARY SMITH.

Died at Albury, 22nd May, 1899

Mr. J. J. GRANT PilEMISTER,
Died at Grafton, 9th June, 1899

Master JOHN McINTOSH,

Died at Coutts Crossing, 30th Oct.,
1880

Mr. JAMES BATHGATE,

Died at Lawrence, 27ih Jan., 1888

ALBERT JARVIE LEESON,
Died at Ulmarra, 31st March, 1892

Mrs. RUTH SHEARER,

Died at Grafton, 29th May, 1S99

PATRICK FREDK. CAMPBELL,
Died at Tathani, 19th April, 1894

Mr. DUNCAN McDONALD,
Died at Lismore, iSlhJan., 1898

Mr. HUGH l't)LSON,
Died at Tatham

rd October, 1900 "1

Mr. Henry Mohr,

Splitter's Creek, Albury

Mrs. James Locke,

Maryville, Upper Manning

Mrs. E. Lyon,

VVoodside, Manning River

Miss Christina McLeod, Kendall

Mrs. R. J. Laughlin, .senr. ,

Kew, Camden Haven

Miss Ruby S. Dangar, Kenipsey
Miss Mary MacGregor, Kempsey
Mr. John Reid, Newcastle
Mrs. Herbert A. Evans, liellingen

Mr. and Mrs. John Phemister,

Upper Copmanhurst

Mrs. Mcintosh.

Coutts Crossing, Orara River

Mr. Chas. James Bathgate,

Lawrence

Mrs. W. J. Leeson, Ulmarra

Mr. U'. K. Shearer, Maclean

Mrs. P. F. Campbell, senr., Messrs
Patrick F. Campbell Hugh N
Campbell, and Charles E Camp
bell, and Misses Catherine J
Canipl)ell and Arabella 15
Campbell, Garfield, Talliam

Mr. and Mrs. John Duncan
McDonald Bungawalbyn

Mrs. Hugh Poison the Misses
Janet M, Jessie C. . Beatrice M.,
Alice v., Elsie M., Messrs. Hugh
H , John A., Alfred H., William

394

IN MEMO RI AM

IN MEMORY OF

Mr. DUNCAN MACDONALD,
Died at Lismore, 1 8th Jan., 189^

Mrs. ALICE CAMERON,

Died at Myocum. 17th Feb., 1892

Mr. ALEXANDER CAMERON
LUCV CAMERON

Mr. JOHN McMULLIN,

Died at Rouchel, 12th April, 1870

Mrs. MARV McMULLIN,

Died at Rouchel, 7lh July, 1900

Mrs. CATHERINE ADELAIDE
BUSBY,
Died at Kiama, 29th August, 1880

Mr. ALEX. DODDS HAMILTON,
Died Castle Mountain, 23rd July, '94

Mr. ALLAN STEVENSON,

Died at Warialda, 12th August, 1890

Mr. JAMES COPES,

Died Glendon Brook, 29th Aug. ,1900

Mr. ROBERT SIBBALD,

Died at Sydney, 20th August, 1887

Mr. ALEXANDER DUFF,

Died at Taniworth, 21st May, 1896

Mr. JOSEPH HUNTER SNEDDEN
Died at Hamilton, 14th March, 1900

Rev. ANDREW WILSON, M.A.,
Died at Hamilton, 30th June, 1890

Mrs. DOROTHEA DEAN,

Died at Sth. Aust., 9lh Sept., 1885

Miss EMILY F. EDWARDS,

Di(^(l LakcCudgellico, i8th Mar., 1893

Mr. ALEXANDER IJLLEY,
Died at Cohar, 22nd fan , 1876

Mr. jOSI'-.l'II WKHSTEk R(JSS
Died Xoilh Sydney, 151I1 Dec, 1893

Mr. OKADAM \. D. TKICATT,

Dicdal Ciipclown, 141I1 Mnv, 1901

C Mr. Thomas McDonald,

I Tucki, Wyrallah

i Mrs. A. C. Breillat,

1. Murwillumbah

Mr. Duncan Cameron, Bangalow

Mr. Kenneth Cameron,

Davis Creek, Rouchell

■ Mr. J. T. McMullin,

Bingeberry, Rouchell
Mr. Alexander Busby, Murrurundi

Mrs. Annie Hamilton, Misses Emily
and Agnes Hamilton,

Castle Mountain, (^)uitindi

Mrs. John Carlyon,

Allendale, Gunyerwarildi

Mrs. A. J. Copes,

Glendon Brook, Singleton

Mrs. Harriet Sibbald, Hyde Park

Mrs. M. L. Duft", East Lynne. Penrith

Mrs. Joseph H. Snedden, Hamilton

Mrs. Joseph II. .Snedden, Hamilton

Miss Minnie Dean, Cobar

Mrs. H. D. Edwards, Nyuiagee

Mrs. Agnes Lilley, and Messrs.
Andrew and Alexander Lilley, Cobar

Mr. Jose]iii A. Ross, Cobar
Mr. I'Vank I'.. Treatt, Cobar

AV MEMORJAM

395

IN MEMORY OF

Mrs. MARY SCOTT BEDDIE,
Died at Shaw, i/lh Aug., 1868

Mr. DAVID DONALD HAIKD,
Died at Dubbo, 26th July, 1901

Mr. JOIIX STRAllORN, Sknk.,
Died at Obley, 2nd Jan., 1S93

Mr. ROBERT STRAHORN,
Died at Tempe, 25th Sept., 1891

Mrs. LETITIA STRAHORN,
Died at Derowie, 20lh April, 1899

Mr. WILLI .AM STRAHORN,
Died at Sydney, 8th August, 1893

FLORENCE MAY WHEELER
Died at Dubbo, 20th August, 1897

Mr. JAMES RAE JOHNSTONE,
Died at Balladoran, 29th July, 1899

Miss HELEN JANE RICHARDSON
Died at Armatree, 25th July, 1901

Mr. JOHN McMASTER,

Died at Weetalibah, 31 si July, 1894

Mrs. CHRISTINA McMASTER,
Died at Weetalibah, 6th .\ug., 1897

Mrs. MARY NEILSON,

Died at Windsor, 29th October, 1899

Mrs. HELEN TEMPLETON,
Died at Young, 22nd Sept., 1898

Mrs. MARION McLEOD,
Died at Cowra, 24th May, 1899

Mr. WILLIAM A. HOWARTH,
Died at Grenfell, 6th .April, 1878

Mr. GEO. DONALD,

Died at Newcastle, 14th Feb., 18S

Mrs. GEORGE DONALD,

Died at Newcastle, 23rd March, 1888

Mr. M. MiLEOD, Senk.
Mrs. M. M, LFOn

Mr. and Mrs. David Beddie, Blayney

Mr. .\ndrew Strahorn Baird,

Wirrix), The Springs
Mr. Thomas Robert Baird,

Wandoo Wandong, <^)l)ley
Mrs. F. S. MacCulloch.

Buckinbah, N'eoval

Mr. John Strahorn,

Mungery, Tomingley

Mr. and Mrs. John R. Strahorn,

Glen Isla, Tomingley

^Ir. Hugh Strahorn.

Derowie, Obley

Miss Younie J. Strahorn,

Strathleigh, Dubbo

Mr. Geo. A. Wheeler, Dubbo

Mrs. James R. Johnstone,

Balladoran, Dubbo

Miss Janet K. Richard.son (Mrs.
Taylor). Armatree

Mrs. John McMaster,

Binnia Downs, Coolah

Mrs. F. J. Sheppard,

Mooren, Merrygoen

Jlr. Robert Neilson, Coonabarabran
Mr. Hugh Templeton, Young
Mr. Kenneth McLeod, Cowra
Mr. W. B. Howarlh, Grenfell

Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Donald and
Master A Donald,

Rowan Tree, Wellington

.Mr. Malcolm McLeod,

Poplar Farm, Gollan

396

7,\ MRMORJAM

IN MEMORY OF

Mr. WILLIAM ORR,

Died Wagga Wagga, 6th May 1901

Mrs. MARY ORR,

Died Wagga Wagga, 24th Aug., 1897

Mr. DAVID LINDSAY WAUGH,
Died at Sydney, 29th August, 1879

Mrs. ISABELLA HOPE WAUGH,
Died at Picton, 23rd August, 1898

Mr. DAVID L. WAUGH, Junr.,
Died at Leura, 31st October, 1S96

Mrs. RUPERTA CORBETT,
Died at Picton, 24th June, 1901

Mrs. JANET BURGESS,
Died at Picton

Mr. JOHN GUILD,

Died at St. Marys, 8ih Dec, 1900

Mr. DONALD McKENZIE,

Died at Tambaroora, i ith June, 1899

Mrs. MARGARET CARTWRIGHT,
Died at Tuena. 19th Augu.st, 1896

Mr. DUNCAN McKENZIE,

Died at Bathurst, 21st May, 1893

VlissJANi<:T McKENZIE,
Died at Tuena, 7th Sept.. 1878

Mr. RODERICK McKENZIE,
Died at Bathurst, 24th Feb., 186 1

Mr. JOHN McKENZIE,

Died at Tuena, 7th March, 1881

Mr. JOHN KILPATRICK,

Died at Leichhardt, 4th Nov., 1900

.Mr. FREDERICK I. KILPATRICK,

Died Rmshufg, S.A., I7lhjan., 1900

ISOHEE HELEN D. KERR,

Died at Wellwoorl, 17th May, 1899

Mr. LEAK,

Died at Orange, 261I1 July, 1886

.Mr. AI).\M MIJRRA\-,

Died at The Meadows, Jan. 19, 100

SUSAN ROBERTSON,

I)ie<l llariley \aie, 23r(i Nov., 1901.

Mr. G. W. Orr, Bathurst
Mr. Norman Orr, Sydney

Rev. Robert Hope Waugh, M.A.,

Neutral Bay

Rev. and Mrs. James Steele. Lindfield

Miss Isabella Jane Waugh, Lindfield

Mrs. Joseph Corbett, Picton

Mrs. R. Murdoch, Picton

Mi.ss Alice A. Guild.

Wattleville, Neville

i^Mr. Ale.x. McKenzie,

The Junction, Tuena

\ Mrs. Alex. McKenzie,

The Junction, Tuena

Hon. Andrew T. Kerr. M.L.C. ,

Wellwood, Orange

Miss Mary Leak, Orange

Mrs. Jane S. Murray.
The .Meadows, Cargo Rd., Orange

Mr. W. Robertson, Hartley Vale

IN ME MORI AM

397

IN MEMORY OK

Mr. JOHN D. NEIL MacCALLUM,
Died at Parrainalta, lOlh Oct., 1898

Mrs. JANK A. HUTCHISON,

Died Cootamundra, 23rd May, 1898

Mr. RONALD McLACHLAN, |

Died at Bankstown, 2nd July, 1901 1

Mrs. CHRISTINA ITNLAYSON, \
Died at Hurslville, 61I1 Aug., 1902 I

Mr. DUNCAN iSlcKINXON.

iJied at Brungie, i6th May, 1900

Mr. GEORGE M. SLOAN, |

Died Allendale, Vic., ist Sept., 1902;

Mrs. MARION E. UA\ IDSON, \
Died at Sydney, loth Nov., 1900

Mr. JOHN LOGAN,

Died at Geelong, 24th Feb., 1883

Mrs. BARBARA LOGAN,
Died at Aston, 28th Sept., 1897

x\Ls JAMES INGLIS,

Died at Linwood, 17th Sept., 1896

Miss HERMIONE IVV GRAHAM,
Died at Nowra, 2nd Feb., 1893

Mrs. JESSIE MONAGHAN,

Died at Nowra, I4lh March, 1900

Mr. ERNEST MONAGHAN,
Died at Bourke, i8th Aug., 1899

Mr. DONALD McLEAN,

Died at Crookhaven, 19th Dec., 1899

Mr. JAMES COLLEV,

Died at Kiama, 1st Feb., 1891

Mrs. ALEXANDER BANNATVNE,
Died Wagga Wagga, 22nd Dec., 1899

Mr. ALEXANDER DAVIDSON,
Died Wagga Wagga, 21st Jan , 1892

Mrs. ISABELLA ARMSTRONG,
Died at Greig's Flat, 20tli July, 1900

Mr. and Mrs. Neil MacCallum and
Miss Jessie M. L. MacCallum,

Muriulebalc, Old Junee

Mr. Wni. R. I luicliison,

Cooianiundra

Mrs. Emily M. A. McLachlan,

Goulburn

Mr. Robert Finlayson, Wtillongong

Mrs. Duncan McKinnnn, lirungle

Mr. jolm McKinnon, Brungie

Mr. Alljcrt E. Cutts,

Rosedale, Temora

Mr. Alex. Davidson,

Mandamah West, Temora

Mr. and Mrs. Joiin Ronaldson Logan,
Aston, Bombala

Rev. and Mrs. Robert Inglis, Misses
Agnes R. and Marion H. Inglis,

The Manse, Nowra

Mr. and Mrs. James Graham and
Miss Margaret N. Graham,

Greenhills, Nowra

Mr. John Monaghan,

Maytieid, Shoalhaven

Miss Mabel Monaghan

Mrs. Donald McLean,

Crookhaven, Pyree

Mr. A. J. CoUey, Berry

Mrs. Bannatyne, Wagga Wagga

Mrs. Ann Davidson,

Bullenbong, The Rock

Mr. William Armstrong,

Greig's Flat, Pambula

398

IN MEMORIAM

IN MEMORY OF

Mr. JNO W. MANNING WALKER,
Died at Burrowa, 1848

Mr THOMAS WALKER,
Died at Yaralla, Concord, 1865

Mrs ANNE MILLER WALKER,
Died at Castleheads, Burrowa 1848

Mr. WM. HENRY WALKER,

Died Tenterfield Stn., :7th Mar. 1900

Rev. WILLIAM LYON, Airlie Parish
Born 1675, <^'t:d 1743

Mrs. AGNES LYON,

Daughter of Rev. Alex. Glas

Rev. WILLIAM GLAS, M.A.,
Minister of Dunkeld, 1576 1620

Rev. WILLIAM GLAS, M.A.,
(Second son of above) Died about 1646

Rev. THOMAS GLAS,

(Eldest son of above), Died 1682

Rey. ALEXANDER GLAS,
Died 1724

Rev. JOHN GLAS,

Founder of the Glasites, Died 1728

Rev ROBERT SANDEMAN,
iSon-in-law), 1718-1771

Mrs. JANE BELL (nee Walker),
Died at Glasgow, nth Jan., 1890

Rev. ALEXANDER C. SMITH
Rockhampton

Rev. W. L. NELSON, D.D., LL.D.
Toowoomba

Rev. WILLIAM S. RATHJEN

Toowoomba

Rev. GEORGE MACFIE,

Died at Petersham, 17th Dec, 1869

Mrs. ELIZABETH MACFIE,
Died at Linden, 22nd June, 1899

Mr. GEORGE F. MACIXJNALD,
Died at Rothbury, 30th Aug , 1879

Rev. JAMES BEN VIE,

Died West Maitland, 6lh June, 1902

Mr. James Thomas Walker,

Rosemont, Woollahra

Mrs. J. T. Walker

Mr. Archibald Lyon Walker

Miss Emily Perceval Walker

Mr. Alexander Fitzjames Walker

Mr. Egmont Palmer Walker

Mr. George Waterston Walker

Miss Janette C. Hamilton Walker

Mrs. S. S. McDonald.

Glenmure, Rothbury

Mr, John M. Macdonald,

Ben Fan, Pokolbin

Mrs. John M. Macdonald,

Ben Fan, P..k<)lbin

APPENDICES

APPENDIX I.

THE LATE REV. JAMES CAMERON, M.A., D.D.

The somewhat sudden and unexpected death of this well-known and
much-loved minister and leader of our Church, and editor-in-chief of
this Centenary History of the Presbyterian Church in New South Wales^
makes a sketch of his life and work appropriate. Laudatory notices
have already appeared in the metropolitan and country press, as well as
in the Church's own paper, all testifying to his ability, character, and
notable services to his Church and to the land of his adoption.

Dr. Cameron was born in 1826, near Tarland, in Aberdeenshire,
Scotland. He received his preliminary education in the parish school
and the Grammar School of Old Aberdeen. Having obtained a Bursary
by competition, he entered the King's College in the University of
Aberdeen in 1842 (where he was a class-fellow of the Rev. Dr. Robert
Steel) graduating M.A. in 1846. Two years were spent in the Free
Church Theological College, Aberdeen, after which he proceeded to
Edinburgh and gained a scholarship. Having completed his
theological curriculum in Scotland, he went to Berlin, where he
acquired a good knowledge of German, and attended the lectures of
Neander, Nitzch, Twesten, and Hengstenberg. On returning to
Scotland, he obtained license as a preacher.

Shortly afterwards an application was received by the Colonial
Committee of the Free Church of Scotland for eight ministers to be sent
out at (nice to this State. Dr. Cameron was one of those selected, and
he arrived in New South \\'ales in 1853. His first charge was Carcoar,
when — as he often laughingly and truly said — his parish extended
z

402 THE LATE REV. JAMES CAMERON, M.A., D.D.

from there to the Gulf of Carpentaria ! In 1856 he was translated to
the parish of Richmond, Castlereagh, and Penrith. When this was
divided, Dr. Cameron retained the Richmond end of it, with
Kurrajong and Yarramundi. In 1857 he married the elder of the two
daughters of Mr. George Bowman, M.L.A., of Richmond, a prominent
elder of the church. He had nine children, of whom eight survive him.

Dr. Cameron took a very important part in the Conferences and
discu.ssions leading to the Union of the Presbyterian Churches in
N.S.W., in 1865, which has proved such a blessing to the Church.

He also rendered very valuable aid in the establishment of St.
Andrew's College (of which he was one of the first elected Councillors),
Cooerwull Academy, and the Presbyterian Ladies' College, Croydon, of
both of which he also was a Councillor. For 20 years he occupied the
important position of Convener of the Home Mission Committee, and
rendered excellent service on other Standing Committees, notably on
the Treasurership Committee. He was for years, until his death, the
Official Head of the Church Offices ; and he always occupied a
prominent and trusted place in the Courts of the Church.

He was twice Moderator of our State Assembly, in 1875 and in
1 90 1, and he was the second Moderator of the Federal Assembly.

Dr. Cameron took a special interest in Church Architecture, was
Convener of an A.ssembly's Committee on that subject, spoke frequently
upon it, and had completed the preparation of a Handbook on Church
Architecture shortly before his death. He was well-read both in
theology and general literature, fluent and polished, though not eloquent
as a speaker, and the wielder of a ready pen. As a preacher he was
distinctly Evangelical, without narrowness. As a pastor, he was
faithful, kindly, helpful, and greatly beloved. Physically and mentally
he seemed tireless; and although he died in his 80th year his sympathies
were fresh and youthful, and his mind alert and vigorous. His, verily,
was "an old age serene and bright." He was a most brotherly man,
equally to his peers in age and standing and to the youngest ministers of
the Church; hospitable, "slow to wrath," unhurried yet always "on time,"
peaceable, loving, a good father and friend, with few, if any, enemies.
In various ways, he turned " the common dust of servile opjjortunity
to gold."

Surely never had a Church a more loyal, earnest, generous son than
he ! The Presbyterian Church, not only in this State, but throughout
Australia, was intensely dear to his heart, and her welfare and progress
ever held a jjroniinent place in his thoughts and ])luns.

THE LATE REV. JAMES CAMERON, M.A., D.D. 403

He was unanimously selected by the General Assembly to write the
Centenary History, a work which he undertook and carried through
with (juite youthful enthusiasm, dealing (it will be admitted) with the
" prickly " parts of our Church's history with marked discretion, self-
repression and good taste. We hoped to have him with us yet for
years. He attended the last General Assembly of the Presbyterian
Church of Australia in Melbourne, speaking with acceptance, and
enjoying the meeting with old friends and new. ^\'ithin a week of his
return — on Sunday morning, 8th October, 1905 — he had joined the
General Assembly of the Church within the Veil. He was buried at
Richmond in the presence of a very large and widely representative
assemblage. A good man, to whom ('hrist was the Great Reality —
" he rests from his labours, and his works do follow him."

APPENDIX II.

MINISTERS

WHO SERVED

THE NEW SOUTH WALES PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

BEFORE THE UNION

(Whose Names are NOT in the Post -Union List).

Name.

Arrived.

John McGarvie, D.D

1826

fohn Gregor

183I

JohnCleland, M.A.

1831

*John Anderson ...

1831

Thomas Thomson ..

183I

* William I'inkerton

183I

John Purdie

183I

* Henry Carmichael, D 1).

183I

*Robert Wyl.le. M.A

1834

*David Mackenzie, M.A.

1834

John Hill Garven, M.A

1834

Kirkpatrick D. Smythe

1834

James Allan

1837

Irvinij Helherington

1837

William Hamilton ..

1837

John Tail ...

1837

George Anderson ...

1837

Hugh R. Gilchri.sl..

1837

Robert Stewart

1837

M. Colquhoun

1837

Wm. Mclntyre, M.A.

1837

James Forbes, M.A.

1837

James Clow

1837

Andrew Love

1840

Thomas Mowbray ..

1842

Peter (jimn

1842

Alexander Laurie

1842

Christo|>lier Kipper

184.S

Robert Taylor (student) ...

1847

Alex. .Salmon

1849

Arthur M. Sherriff

1849

Remarks.

Died at Sydney, April 12, 1853
Accidentally drowned at Brisbane
Died at Ebenezer, March 11, 1839
W^ent to Launceston (Tas.), 1833
Returned to Scotland 1835
Died at Sydney, 1834
Not known

Died Clarence River 1881

Returned to Scotland, died 1863

|()inc(l l'"pi^c(i|)al Clnufii 1843

Died at Melbourne 1875

Died in Victoria 1879

Died at Melbourne i860

Not known

Died at Campbelltown 1851

Died at Sydney

Not icnown

Died at Sydne\' 1870

Died at Mell'ourne 185J

Died at ()ueensclilVe (Vic.) 1861

Died in Victoria 1867

Died at Brisbane 1867

Died in Victoria, June 5, 1864

Died in X'icloria

Retired 1850

Minister emeritus, Norwood, Lon.

Returned to Scotland 1S59

Died at Clarence Town 1864

MINISTERS BEFORE THE L'NJOX

405

Name.

Arrived.

Remarks.

William Ritchie
Barziliai (^)iiaife
John Gibson
Charles Odell
J. Anderson
Lorenzo Lodge
F. (ioetlie ...
Alexander Black ...
David Blair

Walter Kolib

Gottfried Wagner

John Simon I hristian Ihuidi

John McGil)l)on, B.A., LL.D.

I. T. Carter

"D. a. Sinclair
Wm. Lunisdaine ...
Walter Ross McLeod
John Morrison
Andrew Maxwell ...
Arthur Taul

llnghMcKail

A. VV. Sinclair

John Sirachan Moir

James Collins

"Robert Miller

Thomas Bell

Allan McLityre

James McCulIocli ...

Alex. Mclntyre

Wm. Leckie Nelson, LL.D.

I'eter Gordon

A. S. I'ennycook ...

Hugh Darling

Mcintosh Mackay, D. D. ...

Charles Ogg

John Reid ...

John L. McSkinnning

Patrick Simpson ...

R- Hogg

George Graham, M.A.
Hugh S. Seaborne

W. F. Reid

Vincent G. Williams

J. I'aterson ... ... ..,

W. S. Donald, M.A.
Hugh Hossack (Catechist)
Thomas Kingsford
Matthew .Adam

1850
US50
1S50
1S50
1850
1850
iSso
1850
1850
1850
1850
1850
1850
1850
1850
1850
i8si
1 85 1

1853
if^53
1S53
1854

i^S54
■854
1854

1854
1854

1854
1854

1855
.S56
1856
1S57

1859
1 861
1862
1863
1864
1S64
1864
1864
1864

Died at Vass 1854

Died at Woollahra, Marcli 1873

Died in 1882

Not known

Not known

Residing in Tasmania

Went to Victoria

Retired from Ministry i860

Went to \'ictoria

Went to Victoria in 1851

Retired from Ministry 185 1

Joined Episcopal Church

Died at .Sydney, June 22, 1882

Died Manning River, Dec. i, 1858

Died in \''ictoria

Joined Episcopal Church

Returned to Scotland 1854

Not knov>n

Died in Victoria 1867

Still labouring in Victoria

Died in Victoria

Died in \'ictoria 1889

Died in X'ictoria

Died at Grafton

Died at Grafton 1855

Died in Brisbane 1859

Died May 28, 1870

Died May 20, 1870

Died in South Australia

Died (,)ueensland, June 30, 1887

Not known

Died at Adelong 1880

Died in Melbourne, Dec. 2, 1877

Died in Scotland

Died in Brisbane

Died in Sydney 1867

Died at .Sydney

Died in Scotland

Went to \'ictoria

Went to Queensland

Joined Episcopal Church

Went to Queensland

Died at Murrurundi

Returned to Scotland

Died at Clarence Town

Died in Scotland

Died at Warwick. <;>.. 188 1

Died at Windsor, 1863

Brought from Scotland by the Rev. Dr. Lang to act as Professors in the

.\ustralian College.

APPENDIX III.

MINISTERS

WHO HAVE SERVED THE

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN NEW SOUTH WALES

SINCE THE UNION IN 1865.

Name.

John Dunmore Lang, M.A., D.D

George Macfie

James Milne, M.A.

Adam Thomson

Cunninghame Atchison

James r'ullerton, LL.D

William Ross, M.A.

Thomas Craig

Edward Holland ...

William Purves, M.A.

William Mitchell ...

Archibald Constable Geikie, DA)

David Moore, B.A.

James Smith White, LL.D

James Coutts, M.A.

William Ross, M.A.

William McKee .,.

James Brotherston Laiighton, B. .\

William Dron

Patrick Fitzgerald ...

Tliomas .Vcheson Gordon ..

Robert Steel, M.A., Ph.D.

William Grant, M.A., D.D.

John Dongall

James Cameron, M.A., D.D.

William Chaucer •...

Archibald Cameron

Alexander Mcl'"wen

John .McGibbon, B A., LL.D.

Thomas Siirton, U. D.

Adam Gordon

Duncan Ross

Thomas Johnstone, D.D. ...

John Thorn, M.A

Simon Fraser Mackenzie, M.A.

James Adam, M. ,'\.

Williani I'akcr

John Kinross, 15 A., D.D....

Robert Smith Paterson

William Bain

James Samuel I^aing, T).I).

Approx. date
of arrival in
N.S.W., or
wlien licensed

Former Churcli
connection.

822
828
832
833
833
836
838
840

Established

U.P.

Estalilished

Deceased

843

, ,

845

Free

,,

846

Established

,,

847

,,

Retired

S48

J »

Deceased

848

,,

849

,,

,,

850

,,

,,

851

Free

,,

851

Established

, ,

S52

Independent

,,

852

Free

Retired 1S96

853

J,

Deceased

853

Establi,shed

, ,

853

Free

Died Richmond 1905

853

Established

Deceased

853

Free

Deceased

853

Established

Deceased

854

,,

,,

854

,,

Demilted 1S9S

856

PVee

Deceased

856

Established

,,

856

,,

Retired 1903

856

857

858

Free

Decea.sed

Established

Demitted 1899

858

,,

1 )eccased

858

I'"ree

Theological Professor

859

U.P.

Demitted 1900

861

l-ree

Retired 1895

862

,,

Muswellliinok

MINISTERS SINCE THE UNION

407.

Name.

James Martin

Wazir Beg, M.D

Alexander Boddie ...

John Reid
Robert Blain
Robert Stewart
Thomas Aitken, M.A.
Colin Stewart, M.A.

William Ridley, M.A

Barzillai Quaife

Robert Boag, B.A., LL.D.

John Johnstone

Alexander Waters Sinclair

John Gibson

James Niven

John Cameron

James Paterson, M.A.

James Ben vie

William Thom, M.A.

William Leishman ...

William McCullagh

Archibald Gilchrist, B.A., LL.D.

Roger McKinnun ...

Henry Macready ...

James Galloway

Daniel Blue...

Samuel Humphreys

George L. Nairn

Alexander Campbell Smith, .VLA.

Robert Lewers

Colin McCuUoch

Arch. Neilson Mackray, M..A. ...

Thomas Blain

Andrew Armstrong, M.A.

William Moore White, LL.D.

William Mackenzie

John Anthony Stuart

James Stirling Muir, M.A.

Robert Kerr, M.A.

George Grimm, M.A.
Archibald Crawford
John Ayling

James Bonthorne, M.A. ...
William j. Culhbert
David Galloway, B. A.
James Falconer
Colin Roger Greig

James Cosh, ^LA., D.D

James Paterson, M.A.
John Wilson, M.A.
George Balfour Goold
Christopher John Mood ...
John McLcod
Walter Gunn
James Munro Innes
John Auld, M.A. .
John R. Wardrop, M.A. ...

Approx. date

of arrival ia

Former Church

N.S.W., or

connection.

when licensed

1862

Free

Deceased

1864

,,

,,

1864

j Declared no longer

"

( minister, 1867

—

Established

Deceased

1837

,,

,,

1838

"

•'

1838

Free

"

1850

,,

,,

1834

,,

,,

I85I

,,

,,

—

,,

1868 retd. to Scotland

1866

,

Decea.sed

1866

Cong.

,,'

1866

New Ileb.

Deniitted 1876

1866

—

Demitted 1869

1867

—

Retired

1867

Eng. Pres.

Deceased

1867

Free

>>

1S67

,,

,,

1S67

New Heb.

Left for Tasmania 1 868

1867

N.S.W.

Deceased

1868

jj

J J

1868

Irish

,,

1868

Free

1869 last year on roll

1 868

N.S.W.

Demitted 1875

1868

Cong.

Deceased

1869

Prim. Meth.

Demitted 1878

1869

Queensland

Left for \'ictoria 1870

1869

Irish

„ 1873

1869

Established

„ Qld. 1871

1869

Free

,, England 1872

1869

N.Z.

1873 last year on roll

1869

N.S.W.

Deceased

1869

Irish

Left colony

1869

Free

Gaol & Cem. Chaplain

1S70

Svn. of E.A.

Left for Victoria 1880

1S70

N.Z.

Demitted 1871

1S70

—

Deceased

1870

(Queensland

,j

1S70

Victoria

Left for Qld. 187 1 .■

1870

Cong.

Deceased

1871

Eng. Pres.

,,

1 87 1

N.S.W.

Retired 1897

1871

Victoria

Deceased

1S72

,,

Demitted 1876

1872

Syn. ofE..-V.

1886

1872

New Heb.

Deceased

1872

—

,,

1872

N.Z.

Joined Ch. of Eng.

1872

Cong.

Deceased

1872

N.S.W.

Left for Qld. 1887

1872

Svn. of E.A. 1

Left colony 1872

1872

Established 1

Deceased

1873

Free

jj

1874

,,

Ashtield

1874

Established

Deceased

4o8

MINISTERS SINCE THE UNION

Name.

Andrew Gardiner, M. A. .

Peter Falconer Mackenzie.

Andrew Macdonald '1 ait .

James Eannatyne ...

William Gardner ...

Arthur Ash worth A.spinall, B.A.

John Howard Archibald ..

Thomas John Curtis

Thomas Hill, M.A.

John Waugh Dymock

William Robertson ..

J. D. Murray

Allan McDougall, M.A. ..

W. Hogg

W. Thomas ...

Robert Robertson ...

Robert Collie, F.L S.

Wm. Forsyth Fraser, M.A.

Theodore Osborne ...

Gavin Malcolm

A. Milne Jarvie

John Hausman

Robert A. Steel, M.A.

Charles Wilson Philip

Robert Hope Waugh, M.A

A. C. Gillies

John Miller Ross ...

James T. Robertson, M.A.

James Taylor Main, M.A...

James Paton

Geo. Machines, M.A., B.D., D.D

John Clark McDonald, M.A.

John Shaw Boyd

William Bonthorn ...

Robert Kay, M.A...

Robert Jackson, M.A.

Thomas E. Clouston, B.A., D.D

Archibald Craig

lames Lamont, F. L. S.

W. H. Gray, B.A. ..

John Evans, M.A. ...

John Burgess, M.A.

Alexander Dandie, M.A.

James Cameron, M.A.

|ohn Walker

John L. Forbes, M.A., B.D

Andrew Wilson, M.A.

George Washington Neely, B.A.

J. Dykes Palcrson ...

John Taylor

T. M. Davies

David Baird

John Fowlic

Evan Bissett

Alexander Riddel ..

John Hendi.'rson Craig, M.A

James Porter Dickson

Robert Inglis, M.A.

Approx. date

of arrival in

N.S.W., or

when licensed

874
874
874
874
874
874
875
875
875
875
876
876
S76
876
876
877
877
877
877
878
878
S78
878
878
879
879
880
880
880
880
880
8S0
880
880
880
880

88 r
881
88 1
881
881
881
88 1
88 1
881
882
882
S82
882
882
882
882
882
882
882
8S2
S82
882

Former Church
connection.

U.P.
N.Z.

Queensland

N.S.W.
Victoria
N.S.W.

Victoria
New Heb.

N.Z.

Established

Free

A'ictoria

N.S.W.

Eng. Pres.

U.P.

Victoria

N.S.W.

Wesleyan

N.S.W.

U.S. of A.

Eng. Pres.

Free

u!p.

Established

P"ree

Victoria

N.s'w.

Irish

Eng. Pres.

jj

Canada
Welsh Pres.

Free

Queensland

Victoria

N.S.W.

Established

U.P.

Irish

Established

Free

Welsh

Established

Free

u"p.

Irish
U.P.

Deposed 1891
Deceased

Retired 1890

Retired

Principal Scots Col'ge

Deceased

St. Luke's, Redfern

Bexley

Emeritus 1894

1877 last year on roll -

Moruj-a

Engaged H.M. work

Left lor Victoria

1876 last year on roll

Retd. Sco'tland 1878

Deceased

Retired

,, from ministry 1888
Deceased

Retired from ministry
Campbelltovvn
Demitted 1884
Neutral Bav
Left for N.Z. 1S81
Deceased

Called to Vic. 18S3
Deceased
Retired 1903
St. David's, Ashfield
Orange
Retired

Left colony 1881
Hurstville
Lane Cove
Glebe
Deceased
Mosman
Retired 1885
Deceased
Marrickvillc
Windsor

Home Mission .Agent
.Assembly's Commiss'r
lulen
Deceased

Kempsex

Left for \ictoria 1 886

Eskbank

Retd. Sfolland 1885

Left col(Miy

Retired from niinistiy

Moss Vale

Left colony 1885

Shoalhaven

MINISTERS SINCE THE UNION

409

Apptox. UitlC

Name.

of arrival in

Former Church

N.S.VV , or

connection.

when licensed

John Stoddart

1882

u.r.

1 homas Nislx! . D.I).

1882

,,

T. Scott Millar

18S2

,,

John Joy Thorp

1S83

Eng. Pres.

David Allan...

1883

Free

Philip Norman ...

1883

W'elsh

Charles Naismith ...

1883

Free

Alexander Osborne, M.A....

1S83

,,

Robert Jackson

1883

,,

Robert Davidson

1883

,,

David Smith, M.A.

1883

,,

R. Barry Brown

1883

Established

James Herd Terras

1883

Free

lohn Alex. Rainy Brotchie, M.A.

18S3

Established

"Matthew Bell

1883

Free

James Goudie

1884

U.P.

Boswell Berry

1884

,,

James Gray ...

1SS4

Eng. Cong.

J\ichard Dill Mack}

1S84

Irish

Simpson Millar. B.A.

1884

,,

T. Gordon Molyneux, M.A., LL. B.

1884

Eng. Pres.

Alexander McClinchie

1884

Irish

Adolphus Summer Cloud James ...

1884

Prim. Meth

W. 11. Meek

1884

Free

Thomas Steele, M.A

1884

,,

Kwing J. Thomson

1884

N.S.W.

Wm Herbert Drewelt

1884

Cong.

W. G. Maconochie, M.A.

1884

U.P.

Alexander l'"raser ...

1884

Free

William Strachan ...

1884

J,

J. Faukis Henderson

1884

S.A.

John Sutherland

1885

Syn. of E.A.

John McNeil, B.A.

1885

S.A.

Samuel T. Dickinson

1885

Eng. Pres.

W. Weatherstone ...

1885

,,

Richard Jennings ...

1885

Prim. Meth.

Charles Crane. B.A.

1S85

N.S.W^

Alexander Miller, M.A.

18S5

U.P.

H. A. Hutchison, B.Sc

1885

,,

Will. S. Frackelton, M.A.

1885

Irish

D. W. Macfie, M.A

1885

American

Andrew Barron, M.A

1885

Free

James Lawrie

1885

Queensland

George Hay

1885

N.Z.

James S. Scott

1885

Established

Thomas Frasev Fullerton ...

1S85

J,

W. Anson Smiih

18S5

Queensland

John Virtue McNair

I. "-86

Free

William Scott Whittier

1886

U.S. of A.

James Milne

1886

Cong.

James J. Jennings

1886

S.A.

John Mclntyre

1886

,,

Alexander Hardie ...

1886

U.P.

Robert Edgar

1886

,,

N. E. Patterson

1886

S.A.

James Kinghorn

1886

Free

William Marcus Dill Macky, D. D.

1886

Irish

William M. Mackie

—

\'ictoria

Left for Qld. 1886
,, Victoria 1890
M 1885

Berrigan

Casino

Scone

Left for Victoria 1889

Retd. Scotland 1892

Left for N.Z. igoo

Retired from ministry

Berry

Joined Ch. of I'^ng.

Upper Manning

Carcoar

I.ngaged H.M. work

iJurrowa

Retd Scotland 1903

Ballina

Byron Bay

Deceased

Retd. England 1S95

Culcairn

Chalmers Ch., Sydney

Left colony 1891

Deceased

Cowra

Hornsby

Left for \'ictoria 189S

Grafton

Left for Victoria 1S86

Deceased

Retd. Scotland 1889

Left for Victoria 1888

Deceased

Left colony 18S7

Engaged H.M. work

Taralga

Chatswood

Cootamundra

Left for Qld. 1S96

Deceased

Retired 1901

Woonona

Demitted 1892

Hunter Baillie Mem.

Retd. Scotland 1889

Temora

Left for Victoria 18S6
,, Canada 1893
„ Qld. 1S99

Cobar

Left for Qld 1895
,, Tas. 1889

Retired 1905

Deceased

St. Peter's, N. Sydney

Scots Church, Svdney

Left for Victoria 1888

4IO

MINISTERS SINCE THE UNION

Approx. dale

Name.

of arrival in

Former Church

N.S.W., or

connection.

when licensed

John Dykes

Victoria

Jerilderie

George VV. Adam ...

—

,,

bemitted 1888

R. Johnston Smith...

—

, J

Retired 1902

James Henry

_

U.P.

Left for Victoria 1S90

James J. D.Jennings

S A.

Deceased

William Finlay Brown

1 88;

U.P.

Parkes

John Macintosh, M.A

1887

Free

Left for Victoria i8go

Robert Thomson

18S7

Cong

1896

Hugh S)'mington Buntine

18S7

Syn. of E.A.

Armidale

Richard Miller, B.A

1887

N.S.W.

Albion Park

James Galbraith Millar

1887

U.P.

Left for Victoria 1892

David William Davies

1887

Welsh

Ilinton

James Wallace Dow

1887

American

Left colon v 1890

George K. Stowell ...

1887

N.Z.

•,, for N.Z. '1890

William Watt

1887

Eng. Pres.

,, ,, W.A. 1 896

J.J. FooteLnmsden Fergusson, M.A.

1887

P>ee

Deceased

James Macandrew, M.A. ...

1887

U.P.

Coolamon

Richard Erwyd Davies

1888

Cong.

Engaged H.M. work

H. H. Williams, B.A

1888

Welsh

1888 last year on roll

T. W. Smythe

1888

S.A.

Left for Qld. 1898

Alexander McKinlay

1888

Free

Cjermanton

J. T. Thorburn, B.A.

1888

N.S.W.

Palmer St., Sydney

John Easton Browne

1888

America

Retd. Scotland 1890

Thomas Morgan

1888

Welsh

McNeil Mem. Wavly.

Robert Eadie Hutchison ...

1888

U.P

Gunnedah

John W. Inglis

1888

Victoria

Deceased

George Brown Greig

1889

Syn. of E.A.

Retd. America 1890

Matthew Kirkpatrick, B A.

1889

Irish

Lismore

William Robertson, M.A

1889

U.P.

Moree

James Marshall

1889

Syn. of E.A.

Pymble

Peter McQueen

1889

Queensland

Deceased

George Stewart

1889

Free

Retd. Scotland 1S95

George Keith, M.A.

1889

Established

Condobolin

Francis Slade

1889

Eng Pres.

Deceased

David Bruce, D.D.

1889

N.Z.

North St. Leonards

Alexander McKenzie, T! [>>

1889

,,

1890 last year on roll

W. Groundwater Eraser

1890

Victoria

Deceased

Wm. F^dward Morgan

T890

America

1 89 1 last year on roll

John Bates Holt Hewitt

1890

,,

1890 ,, ,,

J. Dawson p]d wards

1890

Cong.

Left for Qld. 1899

Charles W. Willis

1890

Prim. Meth.

Pyrmont

David Fenwick

1S90

Baptist

Fullerton Mem., Syd.

Donald McLennan ...

1890

N.Z.

Left for Old 1905'

David Fulton

1890

,,

Demitted 1899

John Ogilvie, M.A.

1890

Established

Retd. Scotland 1893

Andrew Mackay

1890

N.Z

Deceased

William P'isher Craigie

1890

Eng. I'res.

Left for N. Z. 1903

James Milne, M.A

1890

Established

1896

Daniel Jackson ..

1891

Cong.

Retired 1902

John Macaulav, M.A

1891

S.A.

Waverley

G. S. Moorhead, B.A

1891

Queensland

Left forTas. 1895

John Colquhoun Christie ...

1891

Iri.sh

,, America