IS 13630 (Part 6) : 2006 ( ) Indian Standard CERAMIC TILES -- METHODS OF TEST, SAMPLING AND BASIS FOR ACCEPTANCE ( First Revision) ICS 91.100.23 © BIS 2006 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN , 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 August 2006 Price Group 1 Flooring, WallFinishingand RoofingSectionalCommittee, CED S FOREWORD This Indian Standard (Parts 1 to 15) (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Flooring, Wall Finishing and RoofingSectionalCommittee had been approved by the Civil Engineering DivisionCouncil. This standard was first publishedin variousparts in 1992-93. This is the first revision;havingall parts combined in one publication, of the standard in whichthe following major changeshave been incorporated: a) As per the decisiontaken in the last meeting, the requirements of all the parts have been includedin one volume and the revised standardhas been brought in line with ISO 10545 (various parts). b) The requirements for determination of bulk density have been added in Part 2 and a few changes have . been made in the requirements for determination of water absorption. c) A few modifications have also been made in Part 3. d) Requirements for determination of breakingstrengthhave also been added in Part 6. e) Requirements for determination ofglazingresistance tests have also been modified in Part 9. t) A new test for determination of impactresistance by measurement of co-efficient of restitutionhas been added as Part 14. g) IS 13711 : 1993 'Samplingand basisfor acceptance'has beenamalgamated with Part 15 ofthis standard. In formulation ofthis standard considerable assistance have been derived from the following standards: ISO 10545-1 : 1995 Ceramictiles - Part 1 : Sampling and basis for acceptance ISO 10545-2 : 1995 Ceramictiles - Part 2 : Determination of dimensions and surface quality ISO 10545-3 : 1995 Ceramictiles - Part 3 : Detennination of waterabsorption, apparentporosity, apparent relative density and bulk density ISO 10545-4 : 2004 Ceramictiles - Part 4 : Determination of modulus of rupture and breakingstrength ISO 10545-5 : 1996 Ceramic tiles- Part 5 : Determination of impact resistance bymeasurement of coefficient of restitution ISO 10545-6 : 1995 Ceramictiles - Part 6 : Determination of resistanceto deep abrasionfor unglazedtiles ISO 10545-7 : 1996 Ceramictiles - Part 7 : Determination of resistance to surfaceabrasionfor glazed tiles ISO 10545-8 : 1994 Ceramictiles - Part 8 : Determination of linear thermalexpansion ISO 10545-9 : 2004 Ceramictiles - Part 9 : Determination of resistance to thermalshock ISO 10545-10 : 1995 Ceramictiles - Part 10 : Detennination of moistureexpansion ISO 10545-11 : 1994 Ceramictiles - Part 11 : Determination of crazing resistancefor glazed tiles ISO 10545·12 : 1995Ceramictiles - Part 12 : Determination offtost resistance ISO 10545-13 : 1995 Ceramictiles - Part 13 : Determination ofchemicalresistance ISO 10545-14 : I99S Ceramictiles - Part 14 : Determination of resistanceto stains ISO 13006 : 1998 Ceramictiles - Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking For the purpose of deciding whethera particularrequirement of this standard is complied with, the fmal value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2.: 1960 'Rules for roundingoff numerical values (revised)'. The numberofsignificantplaces retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specifiedvalue in this standard. · IS 13630 (part 6) : 2006 Indian Standard CERAMIC TILES - METHODS OF TEST, .SAMPLINGAND BASIS FOR ACCEPTANCE PART 8 DETERMINATION OF MODULUS OF RUPTURE AND BREAKING STRENGTH ( First Revision) I SCOPE This standard (Part 6) covers a method of test for determining the modulus of rupture and breaking strength of all ceramic tiles. 1 REFERENCE The standard listed below is necessaryadjunct to this standard: 4.3 Two Cyllndrlea' Support Rods - It shall be made of metal and the parts in contact with the test specimen shall be covered with rubber having a hardness of SO :J: 5 IRHD. measured in accordance with IS 3400 (Part 2). One rod shall be slightly pivotable (see Fig. I) and the other shall be slightly rotatable about its own axis (see Table I for relevant dimensions). 4.4 Central Cyllndrlca' Rod -It shall beof the same diameter as the support rods and covered with similar rubber, whichtransmitsthe load F. This rod shall also be slightly pivotable (see Fig. 1) (see Table 1 for relevant dimensions). 5 TEST SPECIMENS IS No. 3400 (part 2) : 1995 nIle Methods of test for vulcanized rubbers: Part 2 Hardness (second revision) 3 PRINCIPLE Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strengthof a wholetile by meansof three-pointloading, the centralpoint being in contactwiththe propersurface of the tile. 4 APPARATUS 4.1 Dryinl Oven - Capableofoperation at 110:I: SoC. 4.1 Reeording Gaul. - Accurateto 2 percent. 5.1 Whenever possible, whole tiles shall be tested. However, it may be necessaryto cut exceptionally large tiles (that is those greater than 300 mm in length) and some non-rectangular shapes in order to fit them in the apparatus. Rectangular test specimens of the largest possible size shall then be cut, having their centres coincidingwith the centres of tiles. 5.1 In caseof doubt) resultsobtainedusingwholetiles FlO. 1 ApPARATUS FOR MEASUR.EMENT OF MODULUS OF RUPTUIlE 13 IS 13630 (Part 6) : 2006 Table 1 Diameter of Rods, Thickness of Rubber and Length (Clauses 4.4, 6.2 and 6.6) SI No. Dlmenalon Tile or 01.meter of Rod d Thickneuof Rubber Overlap of Tile Beyond the Edle Supports mm (I) i) ii) mm (3) 20 10 5 t mm (4) 5 I mm (5) 10 5 2 (2) ~9S < 9S ~ 48 < 48 ~ 18 2.S I iii) shall always be preferred to results obtained with cut tiles. 5.3 The minimum number of test specimens for each sample is given in Table 2. Table 2 Minimum Number of Test Specimens SI diameter of the central rod shall be used to calculate the average breaking strength and average modulus of rupture. 7.2 A minimum oftive acceptable results is necessary to calculate the average value. 7.3 If there are fewer than five acceptable results, a second sampleshall be tested consistingthe double the number of tiles. 7.4 A minimum of ten acceptable results is then required to calculate the average value. 7.5 The breaking strength (S), expressed in newtons, is calculated by means of the expression: S Dimensionor Tile No. (I) i) rom (2) ~48 Minimum Number of Tat Speclmenl (l) 7 10 ii) < 48 ~ 18 6 PROCEDURE 6.1 I f cut test specimens are to be measured, dry them in the oven at 110 ± SoC until constant mass is reached. that is when the difference between two successive weighing at intervals of 24 h is less than 0.) percent. 6.2 Place a test specimenon two supportingrods, with the glazed or proper surface uppermost so that the test specimen projects by the length / (see Table 1 and Fig. 2) beyond each support rod. 6.3 Position the central rod equidistant between the support rods.Apply the load evenly in such a way as to obtain a rate of increase of stress of I ± 0.2 N/mm2/s; the actual rate per second can be calculated by the expression given in 7. 6.4 Note the load to break, F. = FUb where F = load required to break the tile, in N; L = span of the support rods, in mm (see Fig. 2); and b = wdth of the tile, in mm, 7.6 The modulusof rupture (8), expressed in newtons/ mm2, is calculated by means of the expressions. 8 = 3 FL/2 b h 2 where F = load required to break the tile, in N; L =span of the support rods, in mm (see Fig. 2); b = width of the tile, in mm; and h = minimum thickness of the test specimen 6.5 For extruded tiles, place the tiles so that the projecting ribs are at right angles to the support rods. For all other rectangular tiles the greater side is at right angles to the support rods. 6.6 For tiles with relief surfaces, place a second layer of rubber,of the appropriatethicknessgiven inTable 1, on the central rod in contact with the relief surface. 7 EXPRESSION OF RESULT 7.1 Only the results for test specimens that break measuredafter the test along the broken edge, inmm. NOTE- The calculationof the modulusof rupture is based on a rectangularcross-section. In the case of'tiles of variable thickness along the broken edge. approximate results only are produced. The shallower the relief, the more exact is it possibleto make the approximations. 7.7 Note all results for breakingstrength and modulus of rupture. 7.8 Calculate the average breaking strength and average modulus of rupture of the samples as the average of the acceptable results. 14 within a central portion of length equivalent to the IS 13630 (Part 6) : 2006 FIG. 2 SECTION ACROSS MODULUS OF RUPTURE ApPARATUS 8 TEST REPORT The test report shall contain the following: a) Description of the tile; b) Number of test specimens; c) d) e) Values of d. It It Land F; Modulus of rupture and breaking strength of each test specimen; and Average modulus of rupture and breaking strength. IS Bureau of Indian Standards BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau 0/ Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to connected matters in the country. Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form withoutthe prior permission in writingof BIS.This does not preclude the free use, in the courseof implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS. Review of Indian Standards Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latestamendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of 'BIS Catalogue' and 'Standards: Monthly Additions'. This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc: No. CEO S(73S8 to 7372). 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