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THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI PART III
GRENFELL AND HUNT
EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND — GRAECO-ROMAN BRANCH
‘ THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
PART III
| EDITED WITH TRANSLATIONS AND NOTES
BY
BERNARD P. GRENFELL, D.Lrt, M.A.
HON. LITT.D. DUBLIN ; HON. PH.D. KOENIGSBERG ; FELLOW OF QUEEN'S COLLEGE, OXFORD
AND
- ARTHUR 8S. HUNT, D.Lirt., M.A.
HON. PH.D. KOENIGSBERG ; FELLOW OF LINCOLN COLLEGE, OXFORD WITH SIX PLATES
LONDON SOLD AT THE Orrices oF THE EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND, 37 Great Russet. Srt., W.C. AND 8 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, Mass., U.S.A. KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., PATERNOSTER Housk, CHARING Cross Roan, W.C. BERNARD QUARITCH, 15 PiccapiLiy, W.; ASHER & CO., 13 Beprorp ST., CovENT GARDEN, W.C, AND HENRY FROWDE, AMEN Corner, E.C.
1993
Dex aust 4 Joh Flas oa y tah,, = TOLL
sate
§ a try ie:
j YUA\y I
Wervar inti Gohoos Liu: al ye IK Cet. ove
OXFORD HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY
"0V10 1910 (/&7 &)
. bk Aes “4 s&s 7 _ t; ; r ; me ; Jf ae A sae Vn BREFACE «4 N re Digg, ROPE
aah 4
. 7
° t Pes
In accordance with the chranological arrangement adopted by us in the publication of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri, the present volume is devoted to second century texts, with the exception of the theo- logical and some of the classical papyri. The selection of documents here published in full or described probably represents less thar half the second century material discovered in 1897, but it is our intention in future volumes to deal with successive centuries up to the sixth, and then to return to the older papyri temporarily passed over. In the spring of this year excavations at Oxyrhynchus were resumed, and another large find of papyri was made, including a certain number of the late Ptolemaic period. These, together with a selection of the more important literary texts from the new find, will be published in Part IV, which we hope to issue within a year,
In proportion to the space in the present-volume occupied by the literary fragments our debt is the greater to Professor Blass, to whom is due the identification of several of the classical pieces, and to a large extent their reconstruction, together with many suggestions in the commentary. Mr. J. G. Smyly has rendered us much assistance, especially in connexion with questions of ancient mathematics; the help which we have received on special points from other scholars is acknowledged in connexion with the individual
papyri.
BERNARD P. GRENFELL. ARTHUR 5S. HUNT.
Oxrorp, June, 1903.
a3
CONTENTS
PREFACE : 3 ; ; ¢ ‘ ? : : . List or PLaTEs . ; : : . : ‘ : ; TABLE OF Papyri .
Note on THE Meruop or ere AND ise OF Mouaeuiteios ;
TEXTS
Tueorocicat (401-407) . .. ; New CrassicaL FRAGMENTS (408-444) ‘ FRAGMENTS OF ExTanT CrassicaL AUTHORS (245-468) MIscELLANEOUS LITERARY FRAGMENTS (464-470) SEconD Century DocuMEnTs:
(a) Orrictat (471-476) ‘
(6) Returns (dwoypadai) (477-488)
(c) Petitions (484-488)
(d) Wits (489-495)
(c) Contracts (496-509)
(/) Reczrpts (510-518)
(g) Accounts (519-522)
(2) Private CorRESPONDENCE (523-583) CoLLaTions OF Homeric FRaGMENTS (684-578) . DESCRIPTIONS OF SEcoND CenTuRY Documents (574-653)
INDICES .
New Literary FRAGMENTS EMPERORS . Montus anp Days
‘Persona, Names
GEOGRAPHICAL . RELIGION .
CONTENTS
OrrictaL AND Mirirary TIT.Es Wericuts, Measures, anp Corns TAxEs
GENERAL INDEX OF Cure Worps
LIST OF PLATES
408 recio, 405, 406 verso : ; ‘ e 408, 409 (Col. iii) . ‘
409 (Col. ii) . ;
404 (c) recto, 410 se Hi, 445 @
412
420, 44e, 447, 455
at the end.
401. 402. 403. 404,
' 407.
408.
409. 410. 411. 412. 4138.
414. °
4165. 416.
417.
Als. 419.
TABLE OF PAPYRI
Gospel of St. Matthew i-ii . First Epistle of St. John i iv
Apocalypse of Baruch xii-xiv (Plate 1)
Shepherd of Hermas (Plate IV). .
Christian Prayer : Pindar Odes (Plate II)
Menander Kénaé (Plates II and 111)
Rhetorical Treatise (Plate IV) Life of Alcibiades
Julius Africanus Keoroi (Plate v)
Farce and Mime
Philosophical Fragment Isaeus? . F ; Romance ? ; ? Romance?
Scholia on Ziad i
Euripides Archelaus .
421-484. Poetical Fragments 435-444. Prose Fragments
445.
Homer Jiad vi (Plate IV) . Homer Jirad xiii (Plate V1) Homer Jitad xxiii (Plate VI) Homer Odyssey xxii and xxiii Euripides Andromache Euripides Medea . Thucydides ii. Thucydides iv
Thucydides vi
Plato Gorgias . ‘
Plato Republic iii (Plate vp Plato Republic iv
405-406. Theological Fragments (Plate 1)
420. Argument of Euripides’ Electra (Plate Vv).
ee?
A.D.
5th or 6th cent. . ; Late 4th or sth cent. . Late 4th or sth cent. . Late 3rd or 4th cent. grdcent. . ‘
Late 3rd or 4th cent. Early 2nd cent. andcent. . :
2ndcent. . °
sth or 6th cent.
225-265
2andcent. . ; . Late 2nd or early 3rd cent. 2nd cent. . .
3rd cent. ‘ : . Early 3rd cent. . ‘ Late rst or early 2nd cent. 2nd or 3rd cent. . ‘ grd cent.
2nd or 3rd cent. . : Late rst to early 4th cent. 2nd or 3rd cent. .
Late 2nd cent.
2nd or early 3rd cent. 3rdcent. . ‘
3rd cent.
grd cent. :
3rd cent. . ‘
2nd or 3rd cent.
Late rst or 2nd cent.
2nd cent. . :
3rd cent... :
Late 2nd or early 3rd scat
57
63
76
IOI 103 103 104 105 105
» 109
r10
TABLE OF PAPYRI
Aeschines Jn Ciestphontem . Aeschines De Falsa Legahone Demosthenes Contra Artstocratem Demosthenes De Pace Demosthenes De Corona Demosthenes De Corona Xenophon Anabasis vi Astrological Epigrams Astrological Calendar Directions for Wrestling Alchemistic Fragment Medical Fragment Grammatical Rules Mathematical Treatise
Speech of an Advocate Speech of an Advocate Decree in Honour of a Gymnasiarch . Circular to Officials
Report of an Accident
Report of Mummifiers _.. Registration of an Ephebus Selection of Boys nr Census-Retum . Census-Return . Property-Return Property-Return
Application for Leave to Mortgage Petition to the Strategus Notification to the Strategus Petitions to the Epistrategus and Praefect Petition to the Epistrategus Petition to the Epistrategus Will of Dionysius
Will of Tastraton
Will of Eudaemon
Will of Thatres .
Will of Pasion and Berenice Will of Acusilaus
Will of Petosorapis
Marriage Contract
Marriage Contract
A.D. and cent. 3rd cent. 3rd cent.
Late 2nd or early rd cent.
3rd cent. 3rd cent.
Late and or early 3rd en
Late 3rd cent. Late 2nd cent. 2nd cent.
Late rst or early 2nd cent.
Early 3rd cent. Early 3rd cent. 3rd cent.
2nd cent. About 130 138-161
184?
182
and cent. 133-3 . 132.
157
132
99
109
108
138
178
131
156
Late ‘ud or a suk
Ily
124
126
Igo)
Early 2nd bent 156
18I-9 . 127,
Early and eat
ix
PAGE 110 IIL 112 116 117 118 119 123 126 137 138 139 140 141 147 151 155 156 159 166 161 163 167 168 169 170 172 174 176 180 183 184 1847 190 193 196 199 201 206 208 212
538. 534-578.
TABLE OF PAPYRI
Contract with Stone-cutters
Lease of Land .
Lease of Domain Land
Lease of Land .
Lease of a House
Division of Property .
Sale of Catoecic Land
Sale of a Courtyard .
Loan of Money upon Security
Loan of Money upon Security . Security for a Debt
Modification of an Agreement Repayment of a Loan Acknowledgement of a Loan
Payment for Fodder . , : Receipt for Sale of Confiscated Property Receipt for Salary. : : ; Receipt for Taxing-Lists
Order for Payment in Kind
Receipt for Payment in Kind
Receipt for Payment in Kind
Account of Public Games .
Account of a Sale
List of Objects . ‘ ,
Account of Corn Transport
Invitation to Dinner .
Invitation to a Wedding-feast
. , Letter
Letter of Cyrillus
Letter of Hatres
Letter of Serenus
Letter to Athenarous . Letter of Dionysius
Letter of Cornelius
Letter of Heraclides . Letter of Apion. ; Homeric Fragments .
574-658. Miscellaneous Documents '.
1 The texts of 574 verso, 589, 599, 609, 610, 611, 618, and 614 are given in
A.D. PAGE and cent. 214 121 214 130 218 187 221 164 223 118 ; 225 Early 2nd cent. 2247 and cent. 230 143 232 169 236 102 : 238 Late 2nd cent. 239 101 241 103 242 173 244 184 245 190-1 . 249 134 250 160 . @ 251 130 252 179-180 253 2nd cent. 254 143 255 and cent. 257 and cent. 258 2nd cent. 260 andcent. . 261 Early and cent. 261 and cent. : : 262 and or early 3rd cent. 263 and cent. 263 and cent. 265 2nd cent. 266 2nd cent. - 268 2nd cent. . ; é « 269 Late and or early 3rd cent. 270 2nd—3rd cent. 274 2nd cent. 279
are made from 574 recto, 577, 580, 582, 507, 688, 640, 642, and 653.
full, and large extracts
NOTE ON THE METHOD OF PUBLICATION AND LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
IN the following pages the same general method is followed as in preceding volumes. Of the new literary texts a few are printed in a dual form, a recon- struction in modern style being appended to a literal transcript. In most other cases, as well as in the fragments of extant authors, the originals are reproduced except for division of words, addition of capital initials to proper names, expan- sion of abbreviations, and supplements, so far as possible, of lacunae. In 418, however, accentuation and punctuation have been introduced for the sake of greater clearness, and this system has also been adopted with the majority of the literary fragments in the ‘miscellaneous’ section (IV). Additions or corrections by the same hand as the body of the text are in small thin type, those by a different hand in thick type. Non-literary texts are given in modern . Style only. Abbreviations and symbols are resolved, the latter being all of the common kind. Additions and corrections are usually incorporated in the text and their occurrence is recorded in the critical notes; in the few instances where it was desirable to reproduce alterations in the original, a later hand is distinguished, as in the literary texts, by thick type. Faults of orthography, &c., are corrected in the critical notes wherever any difficulty could arise. Jota adscript is printed when so written, otherwise iota subscript is used. Square brackets [ ] indicate a lacuna, round brackets ( ) the resolution of a symbol or abbreviation, angular brackets { ) a mistaken omission in the original ; double square brackets [[ |] mean that the letters within them have been deleted in the original, braces { }, that the letters so enclosed, though actually written, should be omitted. Dots placed within brackets represent the approximate number of letters lost or deleted. Dots outside brackets indicate mutilated or otherwise illegible letters. Letters with dots underneath them are to be con- sidered doubtful. Heavy Arabic numerals refer to the texts of the Oxyrhynchus papyri published in this volume and in Parts I-II ; ordinary numerals to lines ; small Roman numerals to columns.
xii : LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
The abbreviations used in referring to papyrological publications are prac- tically the same as those adopted by Wilcken in Archiv I. i. pp. 25-28, viz.:—
P. Amh. I and II=The Amherst Papyri (Greek), Vols. I and II, by B. P. Grenfell and A. S. Hunt.
Archiv = Archiv fiir Papyrusforschung.
B. G. U. = Aeg. Urkunden aus den KGnigl. Museen zu Berlin, Griech. Urkunden.
P. Brit. Mus. I and II = Catalogue of Greek Papyri in the British Museum, Vols. I and II, by F. G. Kenyon.
C. P. R. = Corpus Papyrorum Raineri, Vol. I, by C. Wessely.
P. Cairo = Greek Papyri in the Cairo Museum, Catalogue by B. P. Grenfell and A. S. Hunt.
P. Fay. Towns = Fayfm Towns and their Papyri, by B. P. Grenfell, A. S. Hunt, and D. G. Hogarth.
P. Gen. = Les Papyrus de Genéve, by J. Nicole.
P. Grenf. I and II = Greek Papyri, Series I, by B. P. Grenfell ; Series II, by B. P. Grenfell and A. S. Hunt.
P. Oxy. I and II = The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Parts I and II, by B. P. Grenfell and A. S. Hunt.
Rev. Laws = Revenue Laws of Ptolemy Philadelphus, by B. P. Grenfell, with Introduction by the Rev. J. P. Mahaffy.
P. Tebt. I = The Tebtunis Papyri, Part I, by B. P. Grenfell, A. S. Hunt, and J. G. Smyly.
Wilcken, Ost. = Griechische Ostraka, by U. Wilcken.
a>
I. THEOLOGICAL FRAGMENTS
401. St. Matruews Gospe., III.
7X95 CM.
THESE few verses from the end of the first and the beginning of the second chapter of the Gospel according to St. Matthew are contained on part of a leaf from a vellum book. Unless the text was in double columns, which would make the book a very unlikely shape, the leaves were- unusually small in size; for though the columns are incomplete at both top and bottom only two or three lines are missing between the last line of the verso and the first of the recto. The handwriting, which is in well-formed slightly sloping uncials of medium size, may be assigned to the fifth or sixth century. It is somewhat faded, and a second hand has here and there rewritten letters and lectional signs with a darker ink, besides correcting mistakes made by the original scribe, who was not very careful. To judge from this fragment, the text followed by the MS. was a good one, having affinities with the Codex Sinaiticus. We give a collation with the text of Westcott and Hort and with the Textus Receptus.
Verso. Recto.
[aro Tlov [apjap[riay av [ywoxey] avu[rnv ews ov € Tey Touro de odoy [yeyovev 15 [Texey Uy Kat exadece[y TO iva wAnpwOn To pr[Oev uv [ovolua avrov Iv rov de wo kv dta Tov mpopnriov Ae Iu yevvnOevros ev Bn
5 yovros idov m [[6]| mapGevos Orcen tys Tovdaas ev 7 ey yaorpt eft Kat TegeTeE pepas Hpwdou rou Bact vv Kai KaXegovet TO ovo 20 Aews idov payo amo ava
2 THE OXYRHYNCAUS PAPYRI
pa avrov EppavovnrdA: 6 TOA@Y aa alt es [eolrey pedepunvevope
10 [voy] ped nuov o Os eyep [ets Se] I[wlond aro rov tr [vou eroin|oev ws poo
[erafey avrlo o ayyedlos
Tepocodupa Nevoveel qrov
cory o Te[tl|\xOes Balorevs trav Lovdatwy «(dopey
25 yap avrov Toy agrepa ev [tT]y avaro[An
1, The supplement at the end of the line hardly fills the available space.
5. Above and below the superfluous 6 are short horizontal strokes by the second hand.
6. regere is for referas; the final ¢ has been partially rewritten by the later hand, but was also apparently the original reading.
4. eadecouct: xadécovow W-H., with most MSS.
10. eyep[Oes: so NBCZ, W-H.; deyepbeis CCDEKLM, &c., T-R.
7 Ry |W spacing suits de] Kalonp (S&KZra, &c.) better than de o} Iwlond (BCDELM, &c., I- 6] W
14-5. The Ene are indecisive between vow (NBZ, W-H.) and rov wor avrys roy spwroroxoy (CDEKLM, T-R.), since with either reading the letters av would come where they appear to do in 1. r4, and there is not enough at the beginning of 1 15 to show whether the word to which » belongs was abbreviated or not.
15. Or perhaps exadece [ro, which would suit the length of the line rather better.
22. The final s of Aeyovres seems to have been accidentally omitted by the original scribe.
23. The correction of rex6ee is by the second hand.
402. First Epist.e oF St. Joun, IV. 8X 5:2 cm.
A fragment of a leaf from a papyrus book, written in a clear semi-uncial hand towards the end of the fourth or in the fifth century, and containing part of 1 John iv. 11-7. The usual contractions found in biblical MSS. occur, and a horizontal stroke at the end of lines is used apparently to indicate abbrevia- tions. The text is curiously corrupt, considering its early date, and bears evidence of extremely careless copying.
Recto. Verso.
o Os Tanpicey nias Kat npets ameotadkey] Toy vioy awn optAopev adAnfAous ayarav pa tov xocplou [os eay opodro
403. THEOLOGICAL FRAGMENTS 3
ovders morrore 7[eOearat ynon ort Injs eortv o [vjs rou [ Tovey eav ayan{wpey adAn 6u o Os ev] aurw pever Kat
§ ous o Os e(v) np [pever katna g 0 Os ev av}rm eoriy Kat npes [yawn] avrov z[ereXccwpevy Eyv@Kape|y Kal TETLOTEUKA
pev tnv] ayarny nv ext o xos ev nptv oO 6}s alylarn eorw Ka- 0 pevwy ely Tn ayarn ev TH
10 6m pever Kat o O\s ev aurw [w]e ey TovT@ TeT eA Elwrat
Recto. 1. rampwey is corrupt for ryamnoer.
3-4. Gedy oddeis namore rebéara is the order of the MSS., but the supplement at the end of |. 2 is already long enough, and rove is an easy corruption of roy 6y.
Verso. 4-5. Instead of xai abrés ev rg beg, the reading of the MSS., the papyrus seems to have nat 6 Oeds ev airg darw, i. e. a repetition of the preceding words with the substitution of dorw for péves, is Of nuets is written above the line, owing to want of space._
7. The scribe seems to have mixed up the contractions xs and 6s. eds is the reading of the MSS.
8. xa~ stands for xai.
10. After ¢v air@ SN and B have péve which is omitted by. A, the other MSS. being divided. It is not certain that a letter is lost after avrw, but since e» is required to fill up the lacuna in |. r1, and the horizontal stroke is used by this scribe merely as a sign of abbreviation (cf. 1. 8), [u}e(ves) is more probable than «~, i.e. év.
408. APpocaLypse oF Barucnu, XII-XIV. I4 X11 cm. Prats I (recto).
Of the numerous theological works of an Apocalyptic character composed shortly before or after the beginning of the Christian era, one of the most interesting is the Apocalypse of Baruch, which like many other apocryphal works is preserved only in a translation from the Greek. To the recovery of a con- siderable fragment of the Greek original of the Ascension of [satah (P. Amh. I. 1), previously known in its entirety only from the Ethiopic version, now succeeds a small fragment of the Apocalypse of Baruch in the language from which the extant Syriac translation is derived, though whether the Greek text is itself derived from Hebrew is disputed. Prof. Charles, who has published the latest and fullest edition of that Apocalypse, is strongly in favour of a Hebrew original,
B 2
4 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
but his reasons are not very convincing, and the present fragment illustrates the precarious character of arguments based on retranslations into a supposed original through a version which is itself not extant.
The papyrus is part of a leaf from a book, written in brown ink in a large slightly sloping uncial hand of a moderately early Byzantine type, probably not later than the fifth century, and perhaps as early as the end of the fourth. The high point is frequently used, and there is a tendency to increase the size of the initial letters of lines. The text, so far as can be judged from the very imperfect condition of the lines preserved, is not very good ; one certain error (uaprupjoavres for dpaprycavres in 1. 28) of the first hand has been corrected by another person, and peonufSpla is mis-spelt peceuSpla in 1. 4. The curious tendency to omit the definite article (cf. ll. 16 and 24), which produces a certain harshness, is, however, not likely to be due to the scribe. But in spite of its smallness the fragment is of much interest as affording for the first time a direct opportunity of testing the fidelity of the Syriac translation. The impression created by a comparison of the two versions is that the Syriac translator was much less accurate than, for instance, the Ethiopic translator of the Ascension of Isaiah. In one passage (Il. 6-8) he has expanded the three verbs of the Greek into six by adding a synonym in each case. In another he seems to have misapprehended the meaning of the Greek, and to have introduced an idea which is quite inappropriate to the context (cf. note on Il. 25-7).
The references at the side of the text and the translation of the Syriac version are taken from the edition of Prof. Charles, whom we have to thank for several suggestions in the reconstruction of the fragment. The first ten lines of the verso are the conclusion of a prophecy of Baruch against Babylon (i.e. Rome). The recto is part of a prophecy against the Gentiles by ‘a voice from the height,’ and is a passage which has caused commentators much difficulty, but which the Greek helps to explain.
Verso. ie [ 17 letters adda zovro otoly] xii. 1 [ocopae €pw Kat Aadnlow mpos ce THY [ynv tnv evodovcav oly mavrore pecep 2
5 [Bpta amoxaer ovdle To Stnvexes at axrt [ves rov nAtov Aalurovoww: Kat ov pn poe 3
10
15
20
25
30
‘408. THEOLOGICAL FRAGMENTS
[Soxa yxatpnoev] pnde enit] trodv Karadixa [fe adrnOws yap ev] xaipw efimvcbnoerat [wpos owe 1 opyn 2 vuv vio T]ns paxpobup{t] [as ws yadtvm KarexeTat Kat] elmoy TavTa [evnorevoa nuclpas ¢ Kat eyevero pe
[ra iravra ort eyw] Bapovy iornxe” em to [opos Xiwv war cdov dwv]n efnrAOev ef 7 [yous kat etre pot avalora emt Tous mo- [das cov Bapovy xat axove] tov doyov ioyu
[pov Geo
Recto.
|
onl
ra €Ovn xa{ 14 letters Karama Tnoavres Thy [ynv Kal KaTaxpnoapevot Tos ev auTn KTiopl[ace vues yap eveEp yeToupevor ae nyxalploreiTe aee
Kat amexptOnv Kat ectro[y tov amedet
fas pot kaipwy tafess Klat To peAdov [eoleoOaey Kat esnfels plole [ore ur cOvoy vrrevexOnoe[tat n vmo cov ex Pac
mpagis Kat vuy [oda ort moAdoL..... a €loly of papTipnoar[Tes Kat.....
e(noay’ Kat emopevOn[cay ex Koopov
odtya de mepiferrat eOvn ev exetvols
Tos Katpois’ ofs......-- ous elres Aoyous: Kat te w[Acov Ev TOUT nN TIVa yxEl- pore z[olur[or
xiii, I
II
12
xiv, I
2-5. ‘But I will say this as I think, and speak against thee, the land which is
prospering. Not always does the noonday burn, nor do the rays of the sun constantly
6 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
give light.’ The Syriac here agrees verbally with the Greek, for the equivalent of rd &nvexés which is translated as an adjective by Prof. Charles, who supplies ‘always’ with the verb, is, as the Greek shows, to be constructed adverbially.
6-8. ‘And do not thou expect to rejoice, nor condemn greatly.’ The Syriac has ‘Do not conclude or expect that thou wilt always be prosperous and rejoicing, and be not greatly uplifted and do not oppress’ (the last verb emended by Prof. Charles to ‘be not boastful’), thus duplicating all the three verbs of the Greek, but no doubt wrongly. xaradixal ae is equally possible in ll. 7-8.
8-10. ‘For assuredly in its season the wrath will be awakened against thee which now is restrained by long-suffering as it were by a rein.’ This agrees with the Syriac. Prof. Charles translates ‘which now in long-suffering ...’; but the traces before paxpo- 6uy{cas are incompatible with ev, the second letter being either s or e.
10-6. ‘And having said these things I fasted seven days. And it came to pass after this that I, Baruch, was standing upon Mount Zion, and lo! a voice came forth from the height and said to me “Stand upon thy feet, Baruch, and hear the word of the mighty God.”’ Here too the Syriac shows no variation. For the omission of the definite article before wyvpou cf. 1. 24 xatpor rafecs.
18, on: the first letter may be oc, and the second » but not r. The Syriac version of vv. ro—1 has ‘ They were therefore chastened then that they might receive mercy. But now, ye peoples and nations, ye are debtors because all this time ye have trodden down the earth, and used the creation unrighteously.’
21-2. ‘For ye were always being benefited but were always ungrateful.’ The Syriac has ‘ For I have always benefited you and ye have always denied the beneficence,’ which differs by the introduction of the first person, and the use of an active instead of a passive verb in the first half of the sentence. Prof. Charles notes that the order of the words in the Syriac is unusual, and a corruption may be suspected.
23~5. ‘And I answered and said “ Behold, thou hast shown me the methods of the times and that which will be.”’ The Syriac differs slightly by having a singular word for rages and by inserting ‘after these things’ after ‘ will be.’
25—4. It is clear that the Greek and Syriac here diverged from each other. The Syriac has ‘and thou hast said unto me that the retribution which was spoken of by thee will be of advantage to the nations.’ As Prof. Charles acutely remarks, the idea of a remedial chastisement of the Gentiles seems out of place, and something is probably wrong with the Syriac text. The verb found in the Greek, drevex6ncera, does not suggest anything like ‘be of advantage to, and taken in conjunction with wpaés the meaning ‘endured’ is in every way more satisfactory. Of the two doubtful letters at the beginning of 1. 26 the second could be s, », or s, but the first, if not v, can only be p, and py or plo is very intractable, while a compound of ¢épw is required. The phrase ‘will be of advantage to,’ to which Prof. Charles objected, may therefore be regarded as an error of the Syriac translator. In some other respects Prof. Charles seems to us to have slightly exaggerated the inconsistencies in chapters x—xiv; cf. p. 24 of his edition. xa:pa» rages does not seem an impossible description of the prophecy in ch. xiii, and if ‘the retribution spoken of by thee’ is first mentioned by the cities, not by God, nevertheless it occurs in a speech put by the ‘voice from the height’ into the mouth of the ‘ pros- perous cities,’ of whom the abrupt mention (cf. :d:2 p. 22) is not so very surprising after a section devoted to Babylon and the ‘land which is prospering.’
27-32. The Syriac has ‘And now I know that those who have sinned are many and they have lived in prosperity and departed from the world, but that few nations will be left in those times to whom those words shall be said which thou didst say.’ The Greek does not materially differ. In |. 27 there is room for a word not expressed
404. THEOLOGICAL FRAGMENTS 7
in the Syriac, but pe» (corresponding to oArya 8 in 1. 30) would perhaps be sufficient. A phrase meaning ‘in prosperity’ is required at the end of |. 28; but it is difficult to find a word short enough if o is the article, so it should perhaps be regarded as the relative, when there will be no need for xa. The erroneous reading of the first hand paprupyoarres is corrected to apaprycavres by a different writer who used much blacker ink. In 1. 31 AexOnoorra is rather too long for the lacuna. Perhaps epec res.
32~3. The Syriac has ‘ For what advantage is there in this or what (evil) worse than what we have seen befall us are we to expect to see?’
404. SHEPHERD OF HERMAS.
Fr. (c) 7-8 x 5-3 cm. Prate IV (Fr. (c) recto).
Three fragments of a leaf from a papyrus book, inscribed on both sides in a sloping uncial hand of the late third or fourth century, the surface of the verso being much damaged. No line is complete, and indeed very few complete words are preserved, so that all the greater credit is due to Mr. V. Bartlet for recog- nizing the scraps as belonging to the lost Greek ending of the Shepherd of Hermas (Szmil. x. 3. 3—4. 3). They thus form a useful supplement to P. Amh. 190, Fr. (4) verso, another papyrus fragment of the missing Greek portion of the same work, and demonstrate with equal clearness that Simonides’ version of the last leaf of the Athos codex was a forgery; cf. P. Amh. 190 introd.
The text of the present papyrus seems to have differed in many points of detail from those which were the basis of the extant translations of the last chapters of the Szmzlztudines, and only a few lines on the recto can be restored with any approach to certainty,.while the verso is for the most part illegible. Fragments (a) and (4) all but join each other; but there seems to be a narrow lacuna between the bottom of Fr. (4) and the top of Fr. (c), causing the loss of a whole line on the recto. In Fr.(c) the ends of Il. 18-22 are preserved, and since these are by no means even the number of letters lost at the ends of Il. 11-17 may vary from o—3. We have reconstructed Il. 15-21 on the hypothesis that about 11 letters are lost at the beginnings. From the lines of breakage in Frs. (a) and (4) it is probable that the lacunae at the end of Il. 4-8 are of the same size as those in Il. 11-17, and that the lacunae at the beginning of Il. 2-6 correspond to those at the beginnings of Il. 15-22.
We are indebted to Mr. V. Bartlet for several suggestions in the reconstruction of the fragments. |
8 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
Recto. . Verso. Fragments (a) and (8).
(eee .. & Kw eay [Lev ovy ores Ww. -ed[
[xaBapov tov ot]kov cov ¢upmot [.. J] [Je . [of
[mera gov mapaluevovely eav be a5 [..-AAL]. 20. [
[2 spose sh fo. ees Sa te ice JazBapor7{ [.]r@d{. .].. al a or oe atrox|wpnaovory .[. . [.w. eof. .Ja..[
[.... at yap walpOer[ot] avriat [-Jop . [
[14 letters a]yammow 7]. . fo) oe
[10 ,, AEyw avr] eAniilfw [ké 30 [. .]. [ 9[19 5 ke-[.-. [-]--- [4
I line lost. [.].-r- a Fragment (c). [J.-L .[ 1r [14 letters Jras es 7. . [.]... ural [a lace worelp de : 35 [-]-Tw..--e[ [ovros w mapedoxjas pe ov (pep [J-m-w..[ [perar pe ovde alura: pepyfov [- Jo . avyer{ 15 [Tat pe Aeyet Tho trompert ord} a -- Lloeva . onl [ort Sovdos row Ou Oerer gnfy Al}. 2-6 -- ad [xae rnpnoet Tals evroAas t{alu[ras 40 ws pin] duvapfevor......... ° (xat tas wapOelvous ev Kabaporn evoxot yerv[ovrat Tovrou Tou [re Karaornoe: Tlavra ei[ajov ro aa{ ujaros wolere ouv
20 [mrotmeve wadtly mapediwo|xey pe [xat ras mapOelvous Kadeoas Linea eskes Ajeyes auras
1-22. The extant versions of this passage (Simi. x. 3. 2-5) are as follows: (1) Versio Vulgata: .. . ef omnes habentes graham apud dominum. igttur si habuerint domum tuam puram, tecum permanebunt ; sin autem pusillum aliquid inquinationts acciderit, protinus a domo tua recedent, hae enim virgines nullam omnino diligunt inquinationem. dico et: Spero me, domine, placitfurum ets, tta ut in domo mea libenter habitent semper. et sicul hic, cut me tradt- disti, nthil de me queritur, ita neque tllae querentur, ait ad pastorem illum: Video, ingutt, seroum det velle vivere ef custoditurum haec mandata, ef virgines has habttatione munda conlo- caturum. haec cum dixtsset, tterum pastors tlli me tradidtt, et vocavit eas virgines ef dixtt ad eas...
404. THEOLOGICAL FRAGMENTS . 9
(2) Codex Palatinus: ...¢4 cunctam habentes gratiam apud dominum. st ergo habuerint domum luam puram, lecum permanebunt ; sin autem in aliquo spurca fuertt domus tua, protinus recedunt a domo tua. hae enim virgines spurcitiam non amant. et ego dixt: Domine, spero me placiturum eis ita [ut] in domo mea libenter ef semper habitent. et sicut hic, cut me tradt- disti, nihil de me queritur, tla neque illae virgines aliquid de me querentur. detnde att ad tllum pastorem: Scio hunc mandata custodire, et virgines has in habitationem mundam conloca- durum. haec cum dixisset, rursus edem pastori me tradidtt, et virgines illas vocavet dixttque ad tillas...
(3) Versio Aethiopica Latine: ... ef habent gratiam apud dominum. ef simul atque invenerint puram domum tuam, permanebunt apud te; st autem paululum immunda fueritl aliqua re, protinus derelinguent domum tuam. nam omnino non desiderant tmpuritatem iillae virgines. ef dixt et: Confido, domine, me plactturum eis ut lactantes habitent in domo mea semper ; stcul ille cut me tradidisti nthil habel quo increpel me, sic tllae nthil habebunt quo increpent me. el dixtt pastort : Scio vitam velle servum domint, et servaturum esse haec man- data, ef virginibus plactturum in puritate. et posiquam rursus tradidit me, virgines vocavtt et dixitets...
4. The word in this line ought to correspond to pusillum (edaytoroy tt), inguinationis (pvmapoy), Or accederit (yevnras OF ovpBn), but the vestiges are very intractable. Those of the third letter suit a 8 better than anything else, but unfortunately no 8 occurs elsewhere in the papyrus. The fifth letter is very uncertain; A is possible, but not » The last letter of the line is represented only by the bottom of a vertical stroke and may be «. Neither pumapop, piapoy, puxpory, cupSn Nor AapBavoy are admissible.
§ Possibly aox}epnoover alro |cov.
7-8. Perhaps sayraracw ove alyarwow 1[nv} putapornra, but the substantive in lL 8 no doubt corresponded to the adjective in I. 4 which seems not to have been pumapée.
11. Perhaps ravjras es zi asmova Karon |oas. |
15. ofa: the 8 has been corrected from «(?). The papyrus thus agrees with the Codex Palatinus and Ethiopic version (sco) against the Vulgate (vdeo).
18, ev xaGaporn|[rs : so the Ethiopic im puritate; the Latin versions have aditatione munda or in habtlationem mundam.
22. The word or words lost at the beginning of this line have nothing corresponding to them in the versions.
40-2. The corresponding passages of the versions (Simi. x. 4. 3) are as follows:— (x) Versio Vulgata: gut novit igefur calamttatem huiusmod: hominis ef non eripit eum, magnum peccatum admithit ef reus fit sanguints eius. facile igitur, &c. (2) Codex Palatinus: [gus noott igitur | angustiam etus ef non redimtt cum magnum peccatum admitht et fil reus sangutnts eius. (3) Versio Aethiopica Latine: gus ausem novit adflictionem eius qui tla se habet nec salvat eum, magnum peccalum admittt et fil occisor etus. The papyrus differs from these considerably ; not only is the plural (evoyos) found in place of the singular (reus), but the remains of |. 40 do not in the least support anything like magnum peccatum admitht. Apparently the papyrus omitted that phrase and in its stead had a participial phrase depending upon the preceding words which is not represented in the translations. - of yew[ovra: has been corrected, probably from 8 or 8.
10 | THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
405-406. THEOLOGICAL FRAGMENTS. Pirate I (406 and 406 verso).
We here group together fragments of two different theological works, which we have not been able to identify, both containing quotations from the New Testament.
406 consists of seven fragments written in a small neat uncial hand, which is not later than the first half of the third century, and might be as old as the latter part of the second. The ordinary contractions 6s, Xs, ms occur ; and it is - clear that the use of these goes back far into the second century. Besides its early date (it is probably the oldest Christian fragment yet published), 406 is interesting on account of a quotation from St. Matthew iii. 16-7 describing the Baptism, which is indicated by wedge-shaped signs in the margin similar to those employed for filling up short lines, e.g. in Fr.(a) ll. g and 13.
406 is part of a leaf from a papyrus book and contains the quotation from Isaiah vi. 10 also found in Matthew xiii. 15 and Acts xxviii. 27. The citation ‘appears here in its New Testament form, omitting the airéy after dcly found in the LXX version. The large and upright uncial hand is comparable with that of 25 and 224 and is probably to be assigned to the third century. Besides the ordinary contractions we have eorpvos for éoravpwpévos in |. 21.
406. Fr, (a) 8-3 % 4:8 cm. Prate I. (2) (4) Col. i. | Col. ii.
Jeo... wae ¢f Je Jpn a6.[] 15 row Blalyfr Jon} }rov rns - >oss avewl[yOnaay ot ovpavot 30 Jove Jac embe - + >xat «dey [ro Ta Tov Ov Kara : .
5 |. yvworos | > Bawov aloe: mwepiorepay
}-[].” > Epxopevoly er aurov Kat (c) Jou 20 >idov galvn ex Twy ovpavwr : jrov > Aeyovoa [.......2-- o aya ]--[ ] > mnros [ Jaov .[
10], yzp tor .[ |voo[
405-406. THEOLOGICAL FRAGMENTS II
" "frou tov [I}nv [ jo Xs [ ye a5 aAdos de | 35]. on ] Ov cor(np prev] (2) — (e)
Jaret | _ ; ne ; ia i pros av7( }rov . [ ov aul }-.- GO... Kal
]. Kae o auf 50 «J. [..]. L prov exx| 4° ] mpogn{r J... .. egovOnof
]s Kat viol }- a
Jrayyedirjof
] rapder ] ov Kae tof (Ff) 45 ]ro . [ ‘ ‘ ;
laf ae 55 ]- + wvos x
dent
16-22. Owing to the number of variations in the text of this passage (Matt. iii. 16-7) and the irregularities of the papyrus with regard to the ends of lines, as shown by Col. i, some of the restorations are rather doubtful. Both oupavos in |. 14 and ovpavwy in |. 18 may have been contracted. In |. 16, if wvevpa was written out in full, ré and rov, which are omitted by SN and B, may have been also omitted by the papyrus; and that kai, which is found in some MSS. before ¢pyéuerov, was not in the papyrus is fairly certain. The supplement in 1. 17 is rather short. The only known variant which would be longer is wpés for én’, found in several cursives. In |. 19 there is certainly not room for the best- attested reading ofrdés dori» 6 vids pou 6 dyannrés: either the papyrus agreed with D in reading ov ef for otrds dori, or else 6 vids pou was omitted or placed after ayamnrds.
12 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
406. 10-1 X 7-5 cm. Pirate I (verso). Verso. Recto.
nayuv[6]n yap [n Kapdia rov ] dnot Aaou TouTov K[at Tols woty ]-- 07... Ko Bapews nKouvlcay Kat Tous 15 ]-@ ofOarpous alurmy exap Jov. [.].. [-Joavy
5 pvoay pn mote two Tots ] - aAAobev Aadrw ofOarpois av[rwy Kat Tos @ ] avrey yap ow axovowoly Kat Tn Kapdia lee pileke haere s cuvecty Kat (miorpeyrwow, 20 jwomov vios Oy Ka{t] i[aloopas afvrovs....... Jos earpvos Xs
10 Te « -}€x[-]- [-Jote. 2... ee eee Jo[. . . . .]po Gee ee) Cee
(ee were eus a Cee re
6. avjroy is found here only in a few inferior MSS.
407. CHRISTIAN PRAYER.
14:5 X 15-7 cm. A short prayer written in rather elongated and ornate, though not very regular, uncials, which we should assign to the end of the third or to the fourth
century. On the verso is the title ‘A prayer, ‘and below a brief memorandum of some amounts in cursive.
o Geos o mavtlo|kparwp o momnoas Tov ovpavoy Kat Thy ynv Kat tnv Oadatrav Kat Tayta Ta ev avros BonOnoov por edenoov pe [leg] efareyor pov ras . apaprias gwoov pe ev To vuy Kat ev TM péedAovTL 5 atove da tov Kuptov Kalt] cwrnpos nov Inoov ¢ Xpecrov de ov n Sofa nat to Kparos els Tous atwvas Tov aiovey) apny
408. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 13
On the verso Tpooevxn
(Spaxpal) “Bphg - 10 xp) Adzp ) € (prov ?).
‘O God Almighty, who madest heaven and earth and sea and all that is therein, help me, have mercy upon me, wash away my sins, save me in this world and in the world to come, through our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, through whom is the glory and the power for ever and ever. Amen.’
I. o womoas x.r.A.: the phrase is from Psalm cxlvi. 6; cf. Neh. ix. 6, Apoc. xiv. 7.
3. efadtyov x.rA.: cf. Ps. 1. g mdoas ras avopulas pou éfddewor, &c. |
10. The meaning of xewp{ ) is doubtful; with Airpas immediately following, it is unlikely to be the liquid measure found in the forms S&xepory and rpixepor in B.G. U. 248. 26, 531. ii. 5. xep(ei) or xwp(is) is more probable.
II. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS
408. Ones or PInDaR.
Fr. (2) 13X15 cm. Prats II.
Four fragments of a lyric work in Pindaric dialect written in medium-sized _uncials, with a few corrections and marginal notes in various hands. On the verso are some money accounts in a second century cursive. The writing on the recto, which bears much resemblance to that of the semi-uncial contracts from Oxyrhynchus of the Domitian-Trajan period (e. g. 270), belongs to the early part of the second century or even to the end of the first. Sub-divisions of the poem are indicated by paragraphi, while an elaborate coronis apparently marks the beginning of a new poem, as in the Bacchylides papyrus; the high stop is employed, and occasional breathings, accents, and marks of elision and quantity occur. Fragment (4) probably belongs to the second column of fragment (a), and since this arrangement accounts for forty-eight lines in this column, it is unlikely that more than two or three, if any, lines are lost between those two fragments. The position of fragments (c) and (d) is obscure.
14 THE OXYRHYNCAUS ,PAPYRI
The authorship of the piece is made certain, as was perceived by Blass, by the correspondence of the last line of fragment (4) jv deAquvos va{ with the beginning of Pindar, Fr. 235 (Christ), a quotation in Plut. Quaest. Symp. vii. 5. 2 (cf. De soll. anim. 36) of a passage in which the poet compares himself to a dolphin:—6 Ilvdapds gyot xexiwvicbat mpds pdyv adlov dieAdivos indxprow Tov pev axvpovos mdévrov ey meAdyer atdAdv exlynoey épardy pédos. Another extant Pindaric fragment (200) occurs in Il. 58-9; cf. note ad Joc. Dismissing the first twenty-two lines, of which the merest fragments remain, we have in Il. 23-42 most of the last antistrophe and in Il. 43-54 part of the last epode of one poem, and in Il. 54-69 part of the first strophe of the next. The subject of the anti- strophe, which has suffered much damage through the obliteration of the ink in the latter parts of several lines, is the vengeance taken by Heracles upon Laomedon. Though the general thread of the construction in ll. 23-35 has yet to be discovered, their restoration is a by no means hopeless undertaking, for the vestiges of letters in the effaced parts are generally sufficient to verify the right conjectures when they are made. The second poem has in the margin at the beginning traces of what seems to have been its title, but these are too slight to give a clue to the subject. The first strophe contains an interesting tribute by Pindar to one of his predecessors in the field of lyric poetry, which may be compared with the conclusion of the recently discovered Persae of Timotheus.
In this, as in the other new classical fragments, many of the restorations of lacunae and suggestions in the commentary are due to Blass.
(2) Col. i. }rot io J.L.J JCI4ef. .] . JMETEPA! JTENGN J@WITTOAAON payrevpyalr jaw JON JONTEN 5 ]¢A 14 JNTPIXA: ] ]: 6 lines lost. es 21 JA }TAl. . . .] 3. xe Col. ii. d.... MI TOITMPOIAL. .JNAICANA| TOL MWpooaly aloav... ZO|TOT'AM®! . OYTAT . [ fo rér dud...
25 HPAKAEHC: AAIAI[. . .] . . [ ‘Hpaxdéns. arla...
408. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS
NAIMOAONTACTL.}y[. -JHC[-]-[-]-CQEN vat pordvras... OONOIPYFONON[......J-LJ..- Bovoat gv-yov Beat G TANTWNTAPYTILJPBIQCAN .. CE®AL = ardvrav yap SmlélpBios .. . YYXANKENEWL.JEME[.] .. PYK.A.-[ yuydy Kxevediy] €...
30 AAWNZENOAAL.]KTABACIAH[. .] Nady fevodall|xra Bactr- OCATALNJOAMAIKOTEG |. JOAMAL os dracbaNrlg Koréw[y] bapa APXALITITAITE[.JAAOY adpxayérg te [A]ddov
TTIGETOTIAYCENT..]. PML. -JIAAEC.. CL] wiOero rave... FAPCEA[.JTYCPAPATOON . YT . NAY ydp ce Atlyvopapdyov...
35 TAEKABOAEPOPMITTOON ° ra, éxaBdre, populyyov. MNAC@HEOTITOIZAGEAC pvdobn® Sri ro (abéas TIAPOYENTYAAOICECCATOAL. JAKTI IIdpov év yuddos Ecoaro d[vjaxre BWMONTIATPITEKPONIG@DITIMIEAN Bopdv warpl re Kpovlm ripdev- TITTEPANICOMONAIABAIC - Te trépay laOpdv ciaBals,
40 OTEAAOMEAON bre Aaopédoy- TITIETIPOIMENOIHPXETO TL Tempopévor pero MOPOIOKAPY=: pbpoo Kapué.
~ HLJTAPTOTTAAAI@ATON[.] . . . . ON n . yap rd wadalgarov ..... ov elKECYrrONOYC elke ovyydévous
45 TPEICTI[. .] .EW[-JNKEPAAAN..P.. TAIL pets. ....-- Kepaddy....... EMAL. . 2... eee JAIMA[..].[....]-[ émed...
(2)
ANAA[ @\Aa... TEMAXA[ Te payxal... - PWOWNA[ pboy a...
50 AAXONK[ Adxov K... NONEFQ)[ voy éy® ... OPFIOICA[ dpylos a...
53 AY=OYH[ aug...
Juas AIQAL aloX ...
1.5 IMNT tov .
Jen AOIA[. . .JAIAPMONIAN dodjdy xjai dppovlay
16 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
yaa AY. [... -JITESPACAL TW[..... JKP@NTIC[ | Cee JOYKOAW[
6o N[...... ]PAYCONIA[ || eee JICANO . [
OIONL.JXHMAAITT KECOL.JONTIAIHO[ ATTOAAWNITEKAIT
65 APMENON‘EFWM| TTAYPAMEAL, ]ZOMENT [. . .J]CCAPTONAMETTO)| [. . .JOMAITIPOCAYTA[ [. . .] YAEADINOCYTT
av.[... €}regpdoalro
Taly .. Aolkpav ris [of 7’ dpylrodor aap Zedupijov Kodd[vay vidove’ ditjp Avcovials dxpas, A{rapd wéArAks, dvO&nxe se olov [Slynua Aty...
Kes oloy matholva
Ambd\Awvl re Kal...
Eppevov. éy® play xAvov mratpa pedlt|fopév[ou réxvay [yAdlocapyov dudéraly épe- [Offjopar mpds adrd{y d- [Afoly deAdives bn[bxpiow
70 Javégco[ (c) (2) 1 JONE| JNOCA [ ]PTON[ JATEC [ AL 1 _ JANAHTIO[
11. The supposed Al at the end of the line are really more like N.
12. pavrevpalr|o» is written in a semi-uncial hand in the margin between Il. 12 and 30, ° and so far as its position goes might refer to either. Probably it and the marginal adscript at the beginning of the new poem (1. 55) were due to the same person, who may be identical with the writer of the main text. The note below |. 69 is almost certainly in a different hand, and the corrections in ll. 31, 32 and 63 seem to be by a third person.
30. BACIAH[: either BaasAq|os or BaciAj[os|| és can be read. fevo8aixrns occurs in Eur. Herc. Fur. 391 as an epithet of Cycnus, who was killed by Heracles. But here the ‘ king who murders strangers’ is Laomedon; cf. 1. 40.
32. The ‘ founder of Delos’ is no doubt Apollo.
33- The doubtful € after TTAYC may be A.
34. Bapyoddpayos occurs in Pindar, Jsth. 8. 47, and ¢prddpayos is found in the Homeric
Hymn to Hermes, but Ali}oddpayos is new. 36-42. ‘ Remember that he set up an altar in the dells of holy Paros to thee, the king,
and to his honoured father, son of Cronos, having passed over the isthmus to the other side, when he came a herald of fated doom to Laomedon.’
409. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 17
36. prdoOnf is for p»aebyr:, Apollo being addressed ; cf. 1. 35 éeaSdde. The subject of gsoaro is Heracles, who, according to Apollodorus ii. § 99, came to Paros when on his quest for Hippolyte’s girdle, after which enterprise he went to Troy. sarpi Kpovig means Zeus ; cf. O/. 2. 13 Kpdme sai. |
55 8qq. ‘... song and harmony ... were devised by one of the Locrians who dwell beside the white-crested hill of Zephyrium in furthest Ausonia, a rich city; he dedicated... a single paean meet for Apollo and...: I hearing his brief melody, plying an art of ceaseless words, am moved to song like a sea-dolphin ...
55. Perhaps "Iéswy, but "Iadywv would be the form expected. In the marginal adscript the doubtful p» in the first line might be 8 or A preceded by another letter, and the doubtful a might be o, while a narrow letter such as « may have been lost between them. For v}u[»}os there is not space enough. Instead of xy in the third line xa: is possible, and the last word may be "Awd)\A(wm) ; cf. 1.64. Pindar wrote several tpvo: to Apollo; cf. Pausan. x. p. 858 xabelerGai re rbv Divdapoy xal ddew drdca rey gopdroy és ’Ard\Xwrd éoriy.
58. The reference is to Xenocritus (or Xenocrates) who invented the Locrian mode (Aoxptori) ; cf. Westphal, Metrik der Griechen, I. p. 286. For the restorations of this line and the next cf. Pind. Fr. 200 quoted by the scholiast on O/. x. 17 rpayeia 8¢ eledros Aéyosro (Locri) Aopeédns ofea nai driBadaccidios’ airés yap gnow of 1 dpyikohoy map Zepupiov Koddvay.
60. AOYCYTTE is rather long for the lacuna, and possibly KOAW|N[ANYTTE]P should be read.
61. AN@ . [: above A is what may be a mark of quantity, probably Y. € can be read in place of 0.
62. For [8)xqua cf. Pind. Fr. 124 éparay 3ynp’ doar.
63. For the form sasmo[va cf. Bacchyl. 15. 8.
67. For epeOl{jopa: cf. Plut. De soll. anim. 36 dedin Ulvdapos drreundfov éavrav épebi{erbai gnow (adri)ov deddivor indxpiory «r.A. The next words would be expected to be mpds dosd» (cf. the quotation as given in the introd.), but instead of this the papyrus has TIPOCAYTA[ , the last letter being extremely doubtful. Possibly avra[» is corrupt for doddy: if not, it must refer to doddy in J. 56.
40. This note probably refers to 1. 53.
409. MeENANDER, Kédaé.
21-5 X 34:1 cm. Pratzs II and III.
A notable increase has been effected during the last few years in the fragments of Menander, the discovery of the Geneva fragment of the Tewpyds being rapidly followed by that of the Oxyrhynchus fragment of the Tepixe:popévn. Another welcome addition is now made by the following considerable fragment of the KdAaf, a comedy previously represented only by a few short quotations, and some mutilated lines in P. Petrie I. iv. 1 assigned with much probability to this play by Blass (Hermes, xxxiii. p. 654, Rhein. Museum, \v. p. 102). The identifi- cation is established by the fortunate occurrence in the papyrus (Il. 42-4) of
C
18 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
three lines quoted from the Kédaf by, Stobaeus, lord. 10. 21 (Fr. 294 of the Menander fragments in Kock’s Fragmenta Comicorum); while another line and a half formerly placed among the &&yAa Spdpzara (Kock, Fr. 731) occur in Il, 49-50. As is well known, this play was utilized by Terence in his Eunuchus, a fact
which he himself states in the prologue (Il. 30-2) :
Colax Menandri est: in ea est parasitus Colax
et miles gloriosus. eos se non negat
personas transtulisse in Eunuchum suam, the ‘parasitus’ Gnatho representing Menander’s 2rpov@las, and the ‘miles gloriosus, who in the Kédaf was called Bias (cf. 1. 32), appearing as Thraso (cf. Kock, Fr. 293, Plutarch, Mor. 57.4). But not much can be inferred from this concerning the plot of the KdéaAag, since the Eunuchus was the product of a contaminatio of two Menandrian dramas, the second being the Edvodyos ; and where Terence was following the one and where the other cannot be accurately determined. Unfortunately on this point the present papyrus, notwithstanding its length, does not bring much enlightenment. Throughout the first column the beginnings of the lines are lost ; and though different speakers are occasionally distinguished, and the sense of a line or two may here and there be caught, it is impossible either to follow the course of the dialogue or evolve a connected idea of the action. In Il. 1-13 the speaker is possibly Struthias, the parasite, and a comparison with Terence, Eunuchus ii. 2, would then suggest itself; but the resemblance, if indeed there can be said to be a resemblance, was not more than a general one. A closer parallel is obtainable between Il. 11-3 and Terence, Eunuch. iii. 4, a speech by Antipho. Lower down in the column other characters appear and the names Doris and Phidias (ll. 18-9) are mentioned; perhaps therefore a change of scene occurred in the course of this column, and the transition may be marked by the space between I]. 13 and 14. Column ii, which succeeds without a break, is in a more. satisfactory condition. Probably a new scene opens at 1. 39, from which point as far as 1. 53 we have a dialogue between two persons who are walking in the street followed by a slave carrying wine-jars (l. 47). One of them is infuriated by the sight of the parasite, Struthias, whom he declares (Il. 45-53) he would like to unmask in the open market-place. Below 1. 53 is a coronis and a short line; and then another dialogue succeeds in which the speakers are the familiar young man (A.) and his tutor (B.; cf. 1.55 tpépize), the latter of whom makes a speech of some length upon the iniquities of the race of parasites (ll. 55~63). It would at first sight be natural to suppose that a change of scene occurred at Ll. 54, and that the short line is a stage direction. But what remains of 1. 54 does not seem to suit this view, while
409. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS IQ
on the other hand it can be easily connected with what follows; and, moreover, the speech of the tutor would succeed so appositely upon the outburst in ll. 45-53 as to give strong support to the hypothesis that the speakers in the upper half of this column are the same as in the lower. Line 54 must then be assumed to be defective. In the third column a different and apparently more dramatic scene opens, the transition to which is lost with the first few lines. This column is detached from the preceding two, but that it followed them immediately is rendered almost certain by the fact that this accords not only with the recto, where we have the correct amount of margin, but also with the verso, which has been used for an account. The break in the papyrus separates the figures of a column from the items to which they relate, and though the latter are too much defaced for the connexion to be established with certainty, the coincidence of the lines with the figures and the width of the resulting column, which exactly corresponds with that following it, suffice to make this relation of the fragments extremely probable. There is then hardly room for doubt that this was the next scene of the play; but although twenty lines remain, of which not more than a few letters or syllables are missing, the situation is very obscure. There is apparently only one change of speaker (1. 89); the soldier Blas, a leno, and a girl seem to be involved; but their relations are not made clear, and the Eunuchus seems to provide no definite clue. The mention of orpariGrat in 1. 82, with the passage in the next speech (ll. 91-4) ‘If he perceives it he will come bringing sixty comrades, even as many as Odysseus took with him to Troy, with shouts and threats,’ may recall the scene (Euauch. iv. 7) where Thraso with his comrades prepares to attack the house of Thais, a passage with which Blass also connects the Faym fragment referred to above ; but itis difficult to work out the analegy.
The MS. is written in rapidly formed medium-sized uncials which we should assign to about the middle of the second century. This date is also indicated by the two marginal notes, one of which is of some length, written by the original scribe in a.smaller and more cursive hand, and also by the accounts already mentioned on the verso, which are not later than the first half of the third century, and may belong to the end of the second. Changes of speaker are marked by double dots and paragraphi as in the [leptxetpouévn fragment (211) ; stops are frequently added, the high point as a rule being used, though the middle (so apparently at the ends of Il. 6 and 35) and low point (1. 44) also occur, and accents, breathings, &c., are found here and there: most or all of these lection signs are by the first hand. The text is but mediocre in quality, for in addition to minor errors half a line may be missing at l. 54 — above), and the blank space after 1. 13 is suspicious.
C 2
20 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
Col. i.
1-[
JONTWNTATEL ...-- JNHMENOC JCYONGCTIACINAQLJEL.] JETTITIPASEICTINAL]:
5 JIKIANEMOIKENHN
] . TIAIAAPION: [.]YTOCTPOOHN - JNAIOIKHTAICTICIN- JAAIMONTYXONICODC JWNACAIG)COY[.JG)CPOAPA -
10 JTOMOITIL.JHTEON JYNOAOCHMONYEL.JNETAL JECTIATWPAECL.JOTHE
JAEXECOAIE]L. . JMO!
]. AAEITO . LIENTL]- [. -] 15 JMITTPONHAOZHIMETAN ° JN* GIAEMHTPION JAJNIAN * A[PIANATE * JAPA : NYNET@AWPIC ]N@EIAIA : CAPPEIN: EMO! 20 ]CEM[.]CTAYTHCMEAEt JEITTHIGAHNA@ON - JNA@HNACWZEME ] KPE|BWCTATIATPIA JYCAYTOLJC* TOPIC: 25 JOYCI : TIAEFEICAGAIE : JTONHPOICTOYCEEOYC
JNAFAGONTIPATTOMEN IPEPWNAYTOCTIOTE Sisal abcowe JON: TTHPAN - KPANOC ne
TOOT parios® 30 JON * AIFAJBOAIAN: KQDAION pater JYXHCONOC9¢€PEI- JAI@NHCBIAC JNEMON : TONENCAA!
jor rv mardpov pep\ynpévos Jovoy ds maow do[x)ei] ] émt wpdégeas tiva[s] 5 olixiay éuol Kevihy ]. wasddptovr [aldrds tpogiy |v dtorxnrats rio JOaipov ruxdv tows Jov dOAlws otfr]o opbdpa 10 rot}r6 pot m{o}nTéov aglbvodos tpav y{lhyverat ] éoriérap Seo[m)érns ] déxerOae ef[rré] pros
].@ def ro... evr.... 1g wAobrm Aalumpdy 4 dbén peyar yp ef d& py tplrov Jasmav dyplay dye Japa. B. viv éydh Ampils (vu -) w Pedla. A. Oappeiv épol 20 Joen . $ Tabrns pédre ] etrp pdrAfvadoy Séorrot’ ‘AOnva oGféE pe of6 d]xpeBds rd mdrpia Tols avt[ot|s- mbes 25 Jove. B. rl Aéyes FOE; A. |] wovnpois rods Beods | dyabdy mpdrropey Sipoplrns | pépov abrés MOTE —“ Bxyouple(ys)*" 3 ewdodw jov, wipav, Kpdvos, ibe erpersust(G) Zo Jov, StBorlay, Kotor, poder, drlvxis Svos pépet. éfjaldvns Blas » éudv. A. tov évOadl
409. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS
Col. ii. PE eriueaaeal ].- MLJNOYNTATIEPYCIL. .JAet-
Cd eee JHNAIATPIBHNTTAPI[. . .]CAC- AV (nto xaed JON* CKQTIL.JOMENOY[. . .]. CT. [ EVI. ... 5. JT! . ONTATTALJAEC: EXOMET OTIO[. .. .] . . L.JHCOL. .JCOENLJOIXOMAT :
TIK[.. 2... ee. JKATETITHKENTIOGET
4o TIQA[. ... . eee ]NHCATPATIHNHC[ alley thd 6 eats JNECTIAHAOCECTI : TOC : OV OE 6 bd as 6 hd ae JENTAXEG CAI KAIOCOON ° OMG 66 5 058-%: biwrers JETEIKAIPEIAETAI - OAET[........ecee JNT’ENE[.]PEYCAC.TIANT[
45 WCAAI......... ]: OMNY@TONHAION EIMHPET....... ]CQOTIICE*EBAAIZ[. |MOY TA@AC[.JA[. . . . . .JHNYTIONOIAKPAITIAAHC- E€BOW[........ JAPAKOAOYOWNENAPOPAI °
ANOPOOTIT. .JE[. . .JNTTTWXOCHCOAKAINEKPOC:
50 NYN[.JAETIAOY[. . . .JAEFETINEIPFAZOYTEXNHN ° TOYTOJ[.JATIOKP[. .JAITTOOENEXEICTAYTA* OYKATTEL EKTHC[.......] . WCE* TIAIAAC[.JEICKAKA ° TIAYCITEAE] HMINATIOPAINEICTAAIKEIN
TEICECTLIN.« LJ]. - Lb -]
55 MIOYTATTAN[.JAL-JOAWAETPODIMETTPATMATA APAHN[.JECWC[. . .] . . . NOCACANACTATOYC TIOAGICEL. .JAKA[. .JOYTATIOAWAEKENMONON TAYTAC:* ONYN[.J]...0.. QNESEYPHKETW ° OCOITYPANNOITIWTIOT’OCTICHTEMWN
60 MEFAC: CATPATI[. .}PQYPAPX[.JCOIKICTHCTOTIL.]Y - CTPATHFOC: OY{[. . .JAAAATOYCTEAE@ CAE ATIOAWAOTAC[. . . . .JOYTANHPHKANMONON OIKOAAKEC + OYTI[.] . EICINAYTOICAGAIO!
COBAPOCMENOAOLOC: OTIAETOYTECTINTIOTE 65 OYKOIAEFOFE : TI[.JCTICANKPINACKAKWC
EYNOYNYTIOAABO[.JTONETTIBOYAEYONTACOI KANMHAYNHTAL.] : TACAYNATAIKAK@CTTIOEIN
Col. ii. ee eee p[ely ody rd wépuct . . ae ee Pe ee nv SwarpiBiy wapt... cas
2I
22
40
45 B.
§0°
55
60
65
THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
Qn. ...... ov okon{Tlonévov....07... €UT.....-. Tt. ovTa talijdes éxoue... ORO eS s.rennk ns Omjobev ofyopat. (FE Resi h oo 5 ee Karémrynkey 60€(y ; WON Gwe eRes 4} carpénnv Fo... ds Geese rine aetna y éori OnrAés éore’ B. ras;
. ovffeis érdobrncjey tayéws Slkaros dv
6 ply yap atr@ ovdAléye: wal delderat
6 8& r[dv wddat rypodr évedpetoas mdvr [éxet. ds ddi[xov elmes.] A. dpvio roy frov
el pi) d&pov 6 mails dricO éBddcé pov
T2 Odo{tja [xal rs] fv drbvora xpatrdaAns, éBbaly dv edOds mjapaxodovday év dyope: dvOpwri[e, mé[puot'y wrwyds foba Kal vexpés, yuri] d& wdou[reis'] Aéye tly eipydgou téxynv’ rolré y dwrbkplwa, wbbev tyes talr’; obx dwe éx ris [.... érélpwoce; rl diddo[xjas xaxd ;
Tl Avorredci(v) Hiv dropalves radcxeiv ;
. es éorw...
&’ ob ra mdv[r’] a[r]bd\mdre, rpbdipe, mpd ypara Epénv, [Aléyw ofa .}...¥ Scas dvacrdrovs mbes é[dplaxals, tlofr dmoddAexey pbvoy tavras, 8 viv ....0.. 0 éfedpnn éyd:
Scot tépavvo: méiro, Soris tyepov
péyas, catpdn[ns], ppotpapy[ols, olxioris rén{oly, otparnyds, ov [yap] 4AAa rods redAéws Aéyw dtrokwAbras [vdv, rlobr dyypnKxev pévov
of Kéd\axes of ni[dpjeow(?) adrois dOAo1.
- goBapds piv b Abyos* Sri bt robr’ Eorw more
ovx off tywye. B. fale rus dv xplvas xKaxas edvovv wrovAdBolt] tov émiBovdebovTd cot.
. Kay pi) ddvntaft;) B. was Sivarat Kaxas troeiv.
409. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 23
Col. iii. About 10 lines lost. fk Gino ce eee i ales _ LICAYTOY| 80 OTT JPOCBIANME . | . LIMEIcTI. IXWPHCEICT RoanenocecReroy: . LJCTPAT OY[. .JAPAPYAA=EI* TIAJAEC* EKTPIBOT HTO|TTO@OY TOCHCYTIICTEYOEICA 85 YTIENAN[. .JONTEMHOENWNTIOE][ AOZAC+ EXEICTONANAP*A®YAAKTON ° €[ TONTIPATTOMENWNTHCOIKIAC: OTT B[.JYAHIAIOIKHOHCETAITAAOITTACO!
[.JOYAL. . . JO . . HCbANEPOC* OYAEIMOIT 90 EXON[JECENTL. . .JXEPCINAAAOAOYAEEN[ WNEJOOFEITWN - AAAEANAIC@HO’OM[ TIPOCEICINESHK[.]NGETAIPOYCTIAPAAAB[
[. .]OY[.JOAY CCEYCHAGENEICTPOIANEXW)[ [. .]WNATIEIAWN* ANCEMH: MACTITIA
95 [....-- JETIPAKACTIACONEXONTIXPYCjO[ é [... J. . TILJQATIOAWMATOYCAWAEKAL. .JOYC [. .. . .JMLINOL.JAIATOYTON: HNIAAAMBANEN ee JIAEKATPEICMNACEKACTHCHMEPAC aeeee JEENOY* AEAOIKAAOYTWAAMBANEIN 100 [..... JAOYFAPAPTIACON@’OTANTYXHI a JAIKACOMAI* TIPATMAQE=W * MAPT[
Jaorvavaxroo roupiAnctoy,. .}rvav[. . .JormoAAotopodpa kovrapodtoyp— pepur|. .J7 eyeveroy mayxpatiag™ xpal xabavrovnyal. .|joarod K rvypnteparocbernadd. . .
105 }~Tevodupmiove® mpobeo pis oduyn gd af. .vavag[
JoptAnowoe ¢ tTyhvmepiodovaxovire
Col. iii. 80 o.([mlpds Biay pe...
TT... WET... XOPHOR oT...
plelraréuyeO [élrépous [64] orpariidras, padlos
24 THE OXYRHYNCAHUS PAPYRI
oi{s mlapaduadga- aides, éxrplBolipev dy. firot oO ovros 4 od morevbeis Aléyots
85 drevar[rijov re pnOev ay qoeils roeiv- dbgas éxes tov Avdp’ ddvdaxtoy, eKromrov Tov mparronévor, THS oiklas: Srlav 6 od BovAn, StorxnOfoerat Ta Rowwrd cot.
B, [w]ob 8....0.. ns davepés; ov Arpol, [Blor go €xov[rjes év tats] xepaiv, dAdo & ovde ey; avei’ 5 yelrwr ddAN édy alobnP Splos mpbceow éfGxovd éralpovs mapadafiar, [Scjou[s] "Odvaceds FAOev és Tpolay exoly, [Bokav dreAay “ dy oe ph” “ paottyla,
95 [éuty mlérpaxas mréov Exovte xpuololy,” eehire . Td)8a ward; pad rods dddexa Oeods [drrara]|ulelvo[s] did totrov’ # pl éEAdpBavev bend tnt t déxa rpeis pads éxdorns hpépas [rapa rob] gévov' Bédoixa 3 obrm dAapBdveww
100 iw ww ss Nov yap dprdoovO fray riyxn ere Oixdoopat, mpdypal’ eo, pdpr[upes
] Aorudvakcros:”” tof Midnoloy [Ac]rudviaxtjos moAdol apdbdpa Tov Koppdioyp(dgewv) pépr[nv}r(at). éyéver(o) y(ap) mayxpartacr(}s) Kpd[7(toros) | tay Kal abréy, Hyolviloaro Xe) x(al) rvypht. "Eparoobévns & fv ro 105 . Tov ’Odupmiovix(@v) mpobe’s pis ‘Odvpri dda) f{nolvy Alorludvat 6 Muagows > riv meplodov dxovirel.
4-8. Blass suggests the following restoration of this passage: [émel yap efénAevcer] énl mpdgeas rivds | (5 warip xaréAcrey ollxiay duot xevjy | (nal... dv] masddpior’ airde rpopyp | [érope- cdpuny. rip pep (SC. olelay)] dsouxnrais rior | [drérpepe ...
10, nlol7réoy: cf. ll. 67 and 85. The Attic form is also preserved in the eptcetpopern papyrus, 211. 2.
13. The blank below this line may indicate a change of scene (cf. introd.), but it might also mean that there was some omission at this point; cf. l. 54.
18. Awpis: there is no doubt about the reading. Either Awpis is an adscript concern- ing the speaker (cf. 211) which has been incorporated into the text or we must suppose the loss of a foot at the end of the line.
23. There is a blank space before K in which there are no traces of ink, though K is clear enough ; but it is possible that the ink has scaled off.
409. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS . 25
28. diporpirns: the meaning of the word is explained in the marginal note; it is equi- valent to the Latin dupiicartus. 31. The line probably ran vvvl 8¢ ratra mavr’ drjuyys «1.A., aS Blass suggests.
39-67. A (a young man). ‘What... has swooped down on us and whence is it? ... that he is a knave is evident.
B (tutor of A). How?
A. No honest man ever grew rich quickly. For while he is putting by and living thriftily, the man who lays a trap for his patient watchfulness gets everything.
8. How unjust it is what you say.
A. I swear by the sun that if the slave were not following me carrying the Thasian jars and there were no suspicion of my being drunk, I would at once pursue him in the market-place crying: “Fellow, last year you were poor and an outcast, but now you are rich, Say what trade you have been working at; answer me this, whence have you got all this? Won't you be off... somewhere else? Why do you teach men wrong? Why do you declare to us that there is profit in evil-doing ? ”
8. There is one character, my boy, only one which has brought utter ruin upon the world, and so I tell you. This alone it is that has ruined all the cities which you have seen laid waste, as I have now discovered. ll the tyrants, all the great rulers, satraps, captains, founders, generals—I mean those who have come to complete ruin—this alone has been their destruction, namely the miserable parasites who attend them.
A. That is a violent speech ; but I am not sure what is the meaning of this.
B. Any one might be so mistaken as to suppose the man who was intriguing against him to be his friend.
A. But if the intriguer is powerless?
B. Every one has power to do evil.’
34- The supposed point after €| may be a vestige of another letter.
39. ri xlaxdv ... would be suitable, but it would then be quite impossible to get two more feet into the remaining space, which seems in any case almost too short for the exigencies of the verse ; but something may have dropped out.
42—4 = Stob. Flor. 10. 21. od6eis is also found in the Parisinus; ovdeis Kock. airg in |. 43 is the reading in Stobaeus, but atrds is a probable correction.
49-50 = Eustathius 1833. 58. Grotius’ emendation of viv to wei is confirmed by the papyrus.
52. éx ris [wédews is an obvious restoration, but it seems impossible to get so much into the lacuna; dyopas is also too long.
54. For a discussion of this passage see introd.
58. The vestiges would suit OIKON, and & piv car’ olxop is a just possible reading.
62. ANHPHKAN must be altered to dvypnxey; the mistake was a natural one, with of xéAaxes in the next line.
63. To find a restoration of this passage which at once suits the sense and the papyrus is not easy. of rdpeow naturally suggests itself, but the letter after O is almost certainly Y, not |, and before EICIN the traces would be consistent with the tip of a letter like A, A or M but hardly with P. On the other hand, ... «sw seems a fatal obstacle to the alternative of making d6A:os refer to the rvpayvor, &c., and reading ots... atrois dONt0.
89. Aoi: ‘starvelings’ as in Poseidipp. Fr. 26. 12 (Kock, iii. 343) xvpswonpictras mdvras Aypois caddy. For [Biov] Zxor[r}es dv r[ais] xepotv cf. the compounds droxeipoBloros and dwro- xeipdfsos.
26 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
92. bina : cf. Apollod. Epit. 5. 14 els rovroy (the wooden horse) ’08. eloedbeiy seibes gevrnxovra Tous apiorous, ds dé 6 Tip pixpdy ypawas "Ttada pal, rpiryirjous.
96. In the right margin opposite this line are traces of a marginal note, but it is hope- lessly effaced. ...... rid)da is the name of the girl who is referred to by ¢uq» in the previous line and is the subject of Il. 97-9. A paragraphus may be lost between Il. 95-6 and there is very likely a change of speaker at this point.
97. The final letter may be !, but some correction of the latter part of this line is in any case necessary. hp AAdpBaver i is a simple alteration.
102-6, "Acrudvaxros must have occurred in one of the lines lost at the top of this column, the note being added at the bottom ‘to explain the reference. For Astyanax cf. Athen. x. 413.@ Aorvavaé 8 6 Magotos rpls ’OAdprca vuenoas xara Td éfis wayxpdrioy, Athenaeus tells a story of his eating a dinner which was intended for nine persons.
103. 7: this abbreviation of ydp is the same as that found in the papyrus of the "A@nvaiwy rodtrela, like those for 8¢ and rai in 1. 104.
104. "EparocGéms: i.e. Eratosthenes of Cyrene, the librarian at Alexandria under Euergetes I and Philopator. His ’Odvpmsovixca: is referred to by Athenaeus iv. 1542, Diog. Laert. viii. 51.
105. The letter before ro» was the figure giving the number of the book.
106. ri» meplodoy: i.e. the four great public games; cf. e.g. Athen. x. 415.2 évinnoe 3¢ thy weplodoy Sexduis,
410. RHETORICAL TREATISE.
25-4 X 23°2 cm. Prate IV (Cols. i-ii).
A. treatise on Rhetoric in the Doric dialect is something of a surprise, but that such was the character of the work from which these fragments are derived admits of no doubt. The dialect, though occasionally corrupt, is the same as that found in the fragments of Archytas of Tarentum and other Pythagoreans, and in the anonymous Atadééers "HOixal, the composition of which is attributed to the beginning of the fourth century B.C. (cf. Mullach, Fragm. Phil. Graec. i. pp. 5448qq.; ii. pp. 9 sqq.). To the same period and probably to the same school the present treatise is also to be assigned. The precepts inculcated by the writer are of a simple and practical character, and their principal object is the attainment of peyaAorpéreca, which, as we also know from Quintilian (/zs?. Or. iv. 61-3), was specially included among the xarrandt (cf. 1. 15 éy 32 [rat] duayjoe) virtutes by certain authorities. Poetical quotations are freely introduced, a circumstance which forms another connecting link with the Aradéfers ; cf. Mullach, of. cit. i. pp. 546, 548.
The greater part of four consecutive columns is preserved, the first of these being practically complete. They are written in a neat, rather small, round uncial hand which we should place in the latter half of the second century A.D., though the contents of the verso, a series of epigrams (464) in a semi-uncial
« 410. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 27
hand, appear to be of a considerably later date. The columns lean over rather markedly to the right. Quotations usually, though not always, project by a letter or two into the left margin, as in other papyri of this period (cf. e.g. 220). The text is not very good, and in several passages the corruption has gone considerably deeper than the mere debasement of the dialect.
. Col. -i. KAIAAAOITINEC | kai dAdot tives TEASIG)CONTIKAI Te afidoovrTt. Kal AIKEN TAIAGEZEITAI ai k év rat re~ee rae APXACTANEPOAWN (kar) dpyas trav épddov
5 KAIMHTErPAMME Kal ph) yeypappé- NAICAOKHIXPHCOAI vats Soxft xpiobal [. .JAAMAAIAIGTIKAIC : [res] dAAA lOtwrixais [. .IMHAENWCAKPE! [xa]? pndty ds axpi(Béos el)- [-.J]WCAAAWCOIOME [Blas AAN’ ds oldpe-
10 [.JOCKAIAKAKOWCAE [vlos Kat dxaxows Hé- CTHILHT@NOHKACTH ynt i) trav oixaorH- [.]@) NHAAAWNTING) [plow 4) dAAov rivav. [.JNMENTOICTTPOOIMI [é]y pey Tos qm pootput-
[. .JCTAYTAXPHCIMAEC [ols tabra ypyota és
15 [. .JIEIKEIANENTIENAE [erlielkecdy évri. év 82 [. JAIHTHCEIT@NTTPA [rac] dtayhoe: Tay mpa- [. JATWNWCTEBEATE! [yu]érwv dore BéAri-
[. .]KAIMEFAAOTIPETIE [ov] xal peyadorpé-
[. . JPONTOHOOCEAI [crelpov 75 HO0s gal- 20 [. . .JOAITAAEXPHCIMA [ver]Oar réde ypiotpa: [. .MHCACOAIAEITON [utlunoacba, det roy [. . .JEONKAITIPWTON 2... OY Kal mparoy
[. - J TANICXYNMIKKA [uey] ray loydy pexKdy
[. . . .JAAIKHMATWN .. . . GOtunpdroy ) 25 [... .JNWENTOICA! o 2. vo & Tos d-
[. . . JHPECCIMHOA [xagT]}iperot p) .pa-
[. . . JEIAHMONWC . 2s et GY pdvas
eee JICMEl. JAOTIPE ew wn ts pe[ya)Aompe-
THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
bees JPOCTI[. .JENKAI BO Vee: wear gS are eters JAAAON Lae eat ITQOYCANTIAE Col. ii. 6 lines lost. PAA[.. 2... eee TIEPI[. 0.2.00 4o TIEPITI[.......-- TIANL] . [2 .- ee. BAJWN[.......- ANWM. OY[... -
TIEPIOONT. . .JMEL. . 4s [.] . P - LITOICAIANELETAI KAIOTIKAZIWNT] TOYTOMEFAOION [.]YAEIXPYCEIHADPO A€ITHEIAOCEPIZO! so [.]YAOCAAAINOCOYAOC AdHTOPOCOYAOCA OHBAICAITT. .JTIAC KAIOCAYAM[. .JOCTE KONICTETTAPAAE!
55 FMATAAEOIOL. . -] PANWECTH[....... ] KAIETIIXOO[.......
KAICO@OKAH{. . . . TE|[. .JNOYAE[. . . . 60 A. APAN[......-
[. . JATIAPAL. .... Col. iii. Ficacsnipiee weeaneee JNHL] .
eee . J» LITON ieee JYMAZOMEN
[wéore]pos nf. .Jev Kal i-Osd) Buk Sy ap eee adXov
wept Ov... pe.-
.p.. tos Stadréyerat, kat drt x dfovrt, Tolro péya, oloy [od ef xpuceln Agpo- Sirn el8os épt{ot,”’ [oles Goa Adivos obdds agfropos,” ‘ovd dca O7Bas Alyfunjrias” kai “ica Waplablés re xévis Te. wapadel- ypara 8 olo[y ov-] pave éariipite xdpy] kal én xOo[vi Balvet,”
kal YogpoxAr[s . . .
gronereigee Oalupdfopev
410. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS
oe Ce eee JTIEPOIMAN Die ued Gee JEICTEKAIKAY Lease mers JAAOTIPETIECTE be guace abate JANTAPAINE [eels ee ae JEAAWNAI 90: [awe x JMENAT[. .J
[. .JAEMHAENAICXPON [.]HAETIPOTIETECAAE [. .JAErEKAIFAPMIK KL.JNL.JeTIeECTOTOIOY 75 [. « JKLJIAKOAACTOD: HOEOCTOAESEYTEIN TACAICXPOAOFIACME rf. .]OTIPETIECKAIKOC MOCAOrW * METAAE So TAYTATIANTAOTIAIA [-JACMETATINOCYTIO [.]ECIOCXPHCTACAIA [.JEOKAIAIANOIACHAI . [. J@MENOCTIHO! 8s [. . .JNOCHXPHIZW[.] [... JWLIME ..... ]
6 lines lost.
Col. iv. TIINOICTWCAETIO NHP@CMEMPOME
95 NOCOTIOIOCXPHNAITI.
KAIETIAINH[. .. 2... :
dHHIMEICHICHATL CIFAZHIHXPHZOITO! OYTONTEYTTOAAMYOY-
100 TAIHMEN * OITAPTIOA AOITU)COMOIWCATTO
anheracné WEpoL pav Single ess Te Kal KAv- . « peyl|adomperécte-
pov... widvta dalve-
...&] [re] 82 pndty aicypoy [H]n6@ mporerts dé [ws] Aéye? Kal yap pux- K[ola[plerés 7d rood- [roy] x{a]i dxoddoro HOcos> 1d de detyey Tas aloxpodoylas pe- ylaAjomperés Kai xébo- pos Adyw. pera de tabta mdvra Ort dta- Yii peta rivos vro- [Ojéovos xpnoras dta- [y]éo xai dtavolas 4 d- .. . Opevés tt ff ol-
[opelvos 4 xphifofy]
mivots, Tas de m1o- vnpas peppdpe-
vos: dmolws ....-+.-- ka emails pepe grt } pions 9 a-
omdint {9 xppgot} rot-
ofrov re brodappobr- Tat fev. rol yap mod- Aol ras dpuolws drro-
30 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
AEXONTAIWAHKAI Séxovrar & 51) Kal THNOE[.JPHT[. .JOY Tivo _llpn7ia) “ov TIWTIOTH[...... ]rel nwomot i{pornca,| yt-
105 NWCKWN[...... JoY vboxov [6rt rot}|o8- TOCECTIN[...... JHAE tbs éorww [olomep] Hde- TAIZYNO@[...... JA€ . rar fuvdly. ... TOYTOIC .[....... Tovrots ... ECTIAKAI[....... €oTt...
110 MENECT[........ | pey €or[t....... AETENON[........ Aéyey ovf... 2... é- THEIKEW@[....... mekeals peyado- TIPETIECSAL...... amperes galiverat. KOINONAE[...... Kooy & [éar? mori
115 THOANOTHT[...... wOavérat[a toto: ol- ONFAPMHETIIBE[. . ov yap pr émPe[Bw- AEYKHMENAAAAY AeuKApev GAN ad- TOCXEAIAZENTOE Tooxedidfev Td €- TIIAEAAC@AIECTIAO mredacba. gor 8 8-
120 KAMINTATOIAYTATTO Ka...T7T& Tolabra mo- TITIOIWCOCXEAI. .] Timotéo. ayxed{dv] AGKAITTAN TOEIP[.] 8 xai may 7d elp[o-]
N[.JKONMELAAL. . . .] Vitjedy peyadlompe és
1-20, ‘... And others will esteem you; and also if in speaking at the commencement of the address of ingratiation one appears to use common phrases and not written ones, and speaks of nothing as a matter of certain knowledge, but of opinion and hearsay, whether from the jury or others. Such are the points in the exordium which are useful as giving an impression of fairness. In the narration of facts, the following directions serve to produce an appearance of a superior and high-minded character.’
I. xai rot dcacripes perhaps preceded ; cf, ll. 11-2.
4. épddor: todos was a technical term in Rhetoric, corresponding to the Latin insinuatio; cf. Cic. De Invent. i. 1§. 20 ‘insinuatio est oratio quaedam dissimulatione et circumitione obscure subiens auditoris animum, and ad Herenn. i. 7. 11.
§. xai is not wanted and is perhaps corrupt, and the construction of yeypappévas is difficult. Something may have dropped out as in the previous line; cf. also |. 8.
22. The letter before ON must apparently be either € or 0.
29. The doubtful 1! may be H and ple» is a possibility.
31. Above the supposed € at the end of the line is what looks like a curved stroke
411.- NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 3I
in different ink which might represent Y or X; but it is perhaps meaningless. The only other abbreviation used in the papyrus is the horizontal line representing N.
38 sqq. The intelligible part of this column is mostly occupied with quotations. Lines 48-54 are from J/itad ix. 389, 404, 381, and 385, and Il. 55—7 from J/. iv. 443; xdddos dpifoe is the ordinary reading in ix. 389 instead of c«idus épi{o. We have not succeeded in identifying the citation from Sophocles in ll. 59 sqq.
71-85. ‘Moreover take no pleasure in making indecorous or insolent statements, for that is mean and a sign of an intemperate disposition, while the avoidance of abuse is a mark of high-mindedness and an ornament of speech. Next to this, in all your narration you must have a good object and a good intent, whether you are...or expressing an Opinion or desire.’
72. dde[we]: or ade(¢\[es] or dde[as}. 80-1. AIA[.JAC cannot be right, and &aly]j (= duryz) is a simple correction, which is confirmed by éaly\éo in 1. 82.
93-107. ‘. . . and blaming the wicked. For men will suppose that you resemble whomever you praise, or blame, or hate, or welcome. For most men approve of their like. Hence the saying “ I never asked, knowing that he is like those whose company he enjoys.” ’
93- avOpwbrivos ?
95-6. Something has evidently gone wrong with the text; Blass suggests éwroiws yap 6n» alei xa. At the end of the line C might be read instead of IT.
98. XPHZO! must be a mistake, and probably more is wrong than the mood, for xencns in the sense of yp9 ‘ converse with’ does not seem very likely. Perhaps XPHZO! has got in here from 1. 85.
103-7. The quotation is from Euripides’ Phoenix, Fr. 803. 7-9 doris 8 dpray Fderas Kaxois Gyijp ov menor npornca K.T.A.
114-23. ‘-This conduces also to persuasiveness ; for to have forgotten produces credit for absence of malice and for spontaneousness. Occasionally this is to be simulated. And almost all irony is high-minded.’
120. MIN is here a vox nzhilz; no doubt it represents some other word or words, though the sentence would run quite well if MIN be simply omitted. Blass suggests gor: 8 dca pnd eldjper ra roavra, ‘Sometimes pretend not to have even a knowledge of such things.’
122. «lp[w){«\edy is used in the Aristotelian sense as opposed to dAafoveia.
4ll. . Lire or ALCIBIADES.
21:6x18 cm.
A leaf from a vellum codex of a historical work, written in double columns in a calligraphic uncial hand resembling that of the Codex Alexandrinus. The fragment was found with papyri of the later Byzantine period but is certainly not later than the sixth century, and more probably it is to be assigned to the fifth.
32 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
The leaf is a good deal worm-eaten, and the writing being on very thin vellum has a tendency to come through on to the other side. There are no lection- marks of any kind, nor are initial letters of lines larger than the rest. N at the end of a line is generally represented by a horizontal stroke.
The fragment, which despite its brevity covers the period from the mutilation of the Hermae to Alcibiades’ arrival at Sparta, clearly belongs to a life of Alcibiades rather than to a general history. This fact, coupled with the use of such a phrase as éfopxfjoacdat ra pvorypra (Il. 25-6), which is found in Lucian, Achilles Tatius, and other late writers, indicates that the work in question was a composition of the Roman period. Thucydides is the principal authority, several phrases from him being incorporated ; but that he was not the exclusive source is shown by the mention of [lovAurlwy, whose name is recorded by Andocides (De Mysteriis, p. 7, Reiske) and Plutarch (Add. 19, 22), but not by Thucydides ; cf. 1. 57, where the papyrus comes into conflict with Thucydides, There is no reason to think that the writer borrowed from the much more detailed narrative of Plutarch, whom it is as likely as not that he preceded.
So brief an account of well-known events could hardly be expected to contain new historical information, but the papyrus is interesting as a specimen of one of Plutarch’s rivals in the sphere of biography who must have enjoyed considerable vogue for a time. There are a few errors on the part of the copyist, but the style of the fragment is fairly good. The sympathies of the writer were obviously on the side of Alcibiades.
Recto. Col. i. Col. ii. 3 lines lost. [x]at xptOnvat [apo] rou af 15 letters orpla}rnyeliv ngtlou DP iaital asanaees old] Karnyop{ar de ev}é ms ov[....... ]+. po gralyro py [karacy)ew vov aldAa] Kat cure 35 KeAevor[tes Tas e]A ray [replavvia] rfo midas tH[S..... ]-.s Bigoly|res avape Bn agnf...... Tapa 10 ply]noxopfe]vor ye oxeun a[....... )-« [rT]ns ITeowrrparido~ [.]ov mapolroy pev d}n P 40 [e}reidn M[avrives tle @pornTos pyVvuTOtS kat Apyefor......
Heyados efnrouy Tns ef... 226. guvE
15
20
25
30
411.
tous tauvra dedpaxo Tas partora de Adrxt Biadnv ev vroyiat(s) €txyov €K Tov dpoyn paros Kat Tov afiw paros TEexpatpope
vot Toy avdpa peya Awy opeyerOat wpa yparov Kat TIS Eun yuoe Tept TOV pe Eppov ovdev paoxo- de e~opynoacba ra puornpia ev tn IIov AuTiw@vosS OlKLa TOW ArxiBiadny o de
€lg THY EKKANOLay Taploy arredoyetTo
Col. iti.
fev[tay] re Kat [oworalow
ez[t de aurjov wep: Kara {ra}[vnv or]parevor[rjos e[reyev|ero ra ely rlas A[@nvais] ot yap ovKo galyrat dte]BadrAov av Toly wad els Thv EK K[Anotayv emt] Tn Tept [xorn tov] Eppov «iat
eer rere” ] gudAdoye . [ eee ] mpos ras lexsteereer et acura Javrov [....J..[. . .] A@nvacos
Verso.
D
Ou
4
55
60
95
roo
NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS
oTpar[evoy .... Kat tore [ev rali{s] A[On vais malpnoaly ere
ta edores] ws ot AOn vatot e[mriO|upouy
res tiov ex}rAey es SixeAray] THs arias agn[cowoty ours ouv extAevoas AXxkt Biadns rroAda Kat dt Kala paprupaper(ols pn Wpocexev Tats diaBoAas KaremAev oev es DiKeNiav Kat oxedov Tacas Tas € Ket KaTotkovoas [7]o Aes emoinoaro didas dia tyv mplojs avrov
Col. iv.
3 lines lost.
13 letters Ja Gov]piwy kaxeOely [amjlodpas es [IT e]Aorrovy[najov emdev [cely avroplaro|s mpos [AJaxedarpor[t'ous Kat map exelivos e(n|n yopnoey voTepoy
TOY KaKoV @V Elp yacaro tnv IIe\oT0— ynoov atrodoyoupe
105 vos ort mapidovres
34 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
[...]...[..] reas edn auvtov etiysnoay Ni 75 gav kat [Avdolxidny Klay K@l TpoTpetro Tov pntlopa] emepztro— pevos rovs Aaxedat Oe em Andk[tBraliny povouvs Bonbew vauy Thy [Kadolupe 110 Tots ZiKxeAuwwrais av ynv Zaraluwmaly nes TiKpus Aeywv @s E 80 embe(t) rax[torn] rT ove pn BonOncover xa @ kat Snpooftjas [elm Ta TaXOS mMANpwCOU peretas Tvyxav[ojvo[a ow ot A@nvato ras mpos Tas ofeas tin Its eAmidas Kas mre perety xpecas Axe oTny oppny eveBa — 85 Biadns de xadoupevos Ae ros Aaxedatpo eis Kploly nITLoTaTo viors er{e] de Kas ouv WT POKATEYVOKOTAS eBovAevoe Aexedet n{5]n rovs A@nvatous 120 @y emiTEelxioat ToLs
Kat Tny amodoytay gO OUK avapevouvTas
‘(The Athenians) considering that (the mutilation of the Hermae) was not only an (outrage) but a conspiracy to establish a tyranny, and recalling the brutality of the Pisistratidae, sought to discover the authors by large rewards for information. Alcibiades in particular they held in suspicion, judging from his pride and position that he was ambitious of a great career, An informer gave evidence in no way bearing on the Hermae, but accusing Alcibiades of having betrayed the mysteries at the house of — Pulytion; whereupon Alcibiades came forward in the assembly and defended himself, demanding that the case should be decided before he became general. But his accusers resisted, urging the people not to delay the prospects of the (expedition). .., firstly because both Mantineans and Argives were joining in the expedition (owing to him) and were already present at Athens, and secondly because they knew that the Athenians, in their desire to start for Sicily, would acquit him. Such were the circumstances under which Alcibiades departed, after making many just protestations that. they should pay no attention to slanders; and having sailed to Sicily he won over nearly all the cities settled there through their friendly intercourse and relations with him. But while he was still with the expedition at Catana, the events at Athens intervened; for his calumniators again accused him before the ecclesia of the mutilation of the Hermae, . .. the Athe- nians imprisoned amongst others Andocides the orator, and sent to fetch Alcibiades the ship called the Salaminia, which, on account of its great speed and because it was equipped at the public charge, was usually employed on sudden emergencies. Alcibiades ” however, on being summoned for trial, was aware that the Athenians had already condemned him in advance and would not wait for his defence, and (accompanied the Salaminia as far as) Thurii, where he took flight and sailed to the Peloponnese, voluntarily surrendering himself to the Lacedaemonians, There he subsequently made
411. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 35
a public speech in defence of the injuries which he had inflicted upon the Peloponnese, alleging that they (the Lacedaemonians) had passed him over and honoured Nicias, and urging the Lacedaemonians to help the Sicilians at once on the ground that, if they failed to assist them speedily, the hopes of the Athenians would be realized. He inspired the Lacedaemonians with the strongest desire for war, and further advised them to make a fortified outpost of Decelea...’
g-12. Cf. the digression of Thucydides upon the Pisistratidae at this point (vi. 54-9).
pyvurpos peyadoss: cf. Thuc. vi. 27. 2.
16. riba Aap irowig is less likely, both on account of the hiatus and because iota adscript is elsewhere omitted in this MS., as usual at this period.
23. wept tor pev Eppow ovdew: cf. Thuc. vi. 28. 1.
25-7. Cf. introd.
34. xaracxjer: cf. Thuc. vi. 29. 3 xaracyeiv ry avaywyny.
40-3. Cf. Thuc. vi. 29. 3 and 61. 6 ovx Jxiora rovs Mavrivéas nat ‘Apyeious BovAdpuavoe wapapeivat, 8¢ éxelvov youiloyres rasoOnvas oles Evorparevew, and Plut. Alcid. 19. The doubtful ein |. 42 can be «.
48. ovex is a little short for the lacuna, in which there is room for one or two more letters.
57. axe8or sacas: this statement is in flagrant contradiction with the facts recorded by Thucydides, vi. go—2, from which it appears that the Athenians met with little support. Cf. Plut. Alczd. 20 mdevcas els Yxedlav mpoonydyero Karayny Gddo 82 obdey expate perd- wepsros «.T.A,
61. Above this line are some traces of ink, perhaps the number of the page.
62-3. Cf. Thuc. vi. 53. 1. °
74. The vestiges do not suit [adA]ous [re]. Possibly [ka] addlous], though this too is not satisfactory.
80. «w6e(:): the correction seems necessary, for the perfect used as a present could not be true of the period at which this work was composed. The fact that the Salaminia required an explanation is an indication of the late date. The division ove|a is noticeable, for the MS. elsewhere follows the ordinary rules concerning division of words.
9§- Sovlnew: cf. Thuc. vi. 61. 6.
96. awodpas es LeAorovynoov: cf. Plut. Alctd. 23.
IOI. vorepow: cf. Thuc. vi. 88.9 "ArxBuidns ... wepatwbels rér’ ebdis émt mdoiov hopriyiou x ris Govpias és KuAAgyny ris "HAelas mparov, Sretra torepov és ri Aaxedaipova. There is some corruption in Il. ro1—2, for re» xaxey has nothing to govern it. Unless the loss of some words be supposed, the simplest alteration is to read umep for vorepor.
105-7. Cf. Thuc. vi. 89. 2 (speech of Alcibiades) nat S:areAoivrés pou mpobvpou vpeis apds "AOnvaious xara\Xacadpevos rois pév duois €xOpois Suvapiw Ot éxelvoy mpagavres, éyol 3¢ dripiay sepedbere. Thucydidés does not mention Nicias by name in this passage; for the circum- stances see Plut. Adczd. 14.
107~20. Cf. Plut. Acid. 23 éy pév ibis éfeipydoaro péAdovras Kat dvaBaddopévous Bonbeiy Zupaxovaios ¢yeipas xal mapofivas mépwar Tudurwov ..., Erepow 32 xiveiv roy abrdber wédepov emi sous "Abyvalous, rd 8¢ rpirov xal péytoror émirerxyicas Aexédccay, the source of both passages being of course Thuc. vi. 89-92.
36 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
412. Jutius AFRICANUS, Keorol. 26-5 X 22-3 cm. Prater V.
Two columns containing the conclusion of Book xviii of the Keorol of Julius Africanus, as is expressly stated in the title preserved at the end. This title clears up at once two moot points concerning the Keorof. Joseph Scaliger (Animadv. in Chron. Eusebiz) in spite of the unanimous testimony of antiquity distinguished between Sextus Africanus the author of the Keorof and Julius Africanus the Christian chronographer and friend of Origen. This view has found little favour with subsequent critics, and is controverted at length by H. Gelzer in his recent book on Africanus. Its baselessness is finally proved by this papyrus, whose testimony must carry the utmost weight in view of the fact that it is separated by little more than a generation at most from the floruit of the author. The chronological work of Africanus was brought down to the year 221, and the Keorol are supposed to have beem composed subsequently ; while this MS. is anterior to the year 275-6, since on the verso is a document dated in the reign of the Emperor Tacitus. Secondly, a doubt has existed as to the number of the books of the Kecrol, which is given by Photius (B20/. 34) as fourteen, and Suidas (s.v. “Adpix.) as twenty-four; Syncellus, who speaks of the work as évvedBiBAos (p. 359 4), no doubt only knew it in an incomplete copy. The similarity of the figures fourteen and twenty-four naturally suggested that the difference was due to a clerical error, but there was no reason to prefer one to the other. We now know that there was an 18th book, and may accordingly accept the higher figure.
The Keorof are described by Suidas as olovel guatxd, Zxovra éx Adywy re Kat ézaodGy kal ypanréy rev xapaxrypwr does tre cat GdAolwy évepyecov. A number of excerpts have survived dealing with military matters, the care of animals, and agriculture (AZath. Vet., ed. Thievenot, pp. 275 sqq.), and on the latter subject large extracts are embodied in the Geoponica. The present fragment exhibits another side of this multifarious composition, being concerned with a question of literary criticism. The author produces twenty-seven lines, mainly consisting of a magical incantation, which were to be inserted in the passage in Book xi of the Odyssey where Odysseus calls up the ghosts. For these new lines definite authority is cited, references being given to MSS. in Palestine, Caria, and Rome ; and a doubt is expressed as to whether this ‘precious product’ was cut out by the poet himself or by the Pisistratidae! We do not suppose that Homeric scholars will be inclined to accept either of those alternatives. -They will
412. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 37
perhaps be more likely to include this passage in the list of things which 6 dvijp otros év trois Keorois avrod reparodoye? nal d:€feror (Psellus, af. Math. Vet. p. xvi). Nevertheless it affords a valuable insight into the writer’s methods and standards of criticism ; and though.we may not admire his judgement, there is no ground for suspecting his facts. Of especial interest is the statement (Il. 65-8) that he had arranged a library in the Pantheon at Rome ‘for the Emperor.’ According to Syncellus (doc. cit.) the Keorof were dedicated to Severus Alexander, from which Gelzer has inferred that Africanus was on a footing of friendship with the imperial house, a conclusion to which the new autobiographical detail of the papyrus gives strong support.
The MS. is written in well-formed round uncials of medium size, and being dated within such narrow limits, its palaeographical evidence is of much value. To suppose an interval of ten years between the writing of the literary text on the recto and the cursive document on the verso would be a very moderate estimate. The date of the former therefore is fixed with certainty in the period between the years 225 and 265 A.D. But notwithstanding its proximity in time to the author the text is far from being a good one; several lines of the incantation especially are clearly corrupt, and one of them is incomplete. In these circumstances little weight can be attached to the variants from the ordinary text in the quotations from Homer. The two columns are numbered at the top respectively 35 and 36; thirty-four columns had therefore preceded, and if, as is most probable, these all formed part of the same book, its total length would be about 1530 lines.
Col. i. Ae [rous & ewes evywAno)}t AEtTNoL TE eOvEan vEKpowv [eAAcoapny ta] de pndAa AaBowv amedeporonnca [es BoOpov pee] & apa Kedatvedes at & ayepovTo [Wuxar um e£ epel|Beus vexvovy Kararebvewmrov 5 [uupas + ntOleor re moAvTAnTA Te yEpovTeEs [wapOevixae 7] arada veorevOe awrov exoveat [wroAAa 6 ovjrapzevole y]aAxnpecotv eyxernow [avdples [Ap]yiparor PleBlpormpeva revyxe exovres [oe mroAAloe rapa BoOpov egortwy addrobew addos 10 [Geome]otn taxn exe de yAwpov deos npet [avrap] eym figos ofv efpluccapevos mapa pnpov [npenv olvd ewyv vexvovy apeyvnva Kapnva
38
THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
[atparo|s aocov tpev Kae apetBopxevos eros nudwy [ ] @ dee romnoat ipnKev
a 15 [m mora]yo: Kat yata Kat ot umevepOe Kaporriel|s [avOpwlrous z[tjyerOov ors x’ en{clopxoy opocon [vpets] paprupo eore reAccere O appv aofdyly [nAGov] xpyoopevos ws ay els yatay ikavw [TnrAez]laxou ye ov eAetrov emt KoArroiot 7(cOn]vns 20 [rexvoly exov Ton yap aptorn nv eraotd[n
[ ] a de exaca: A«cye [xAvOt] foot ecpertns Kat emioxomos evorre. . AvjovBe laserarsicwene aise JavAAurae trapevveramar Goel. . .] [.... -lues apwag deuvp evtroxaze xOove Zev
25 [.... Jat Sooapevor xpnnvare tyvd emaodny = ]n Kat xOov wup ag@iroy Huse Teray [-.... aa cat SOa nar Spnv Opoowocw fasiaiar tia ]Om sroAvreipe kat ABdAavabm oAdvorABPe eee Jodpaxovrogwves exot xOov Bn Kapen
BO: [ers cee Ja wepiBwre To Koopixoy ovvopa Satpov lists verag ee ] Kat xopim Kat por avewv mayepapKroy LecSig tarts Jat evxparea wavtwy mpodepecrep enor ppny eee ]- wptey Kat pacte Kat oiovoy Ls Gee ea Kat amnBiora Kat mup KadXAaka
$6 [ewer ax ]- 8 xOovra Kae ovpavia Kat ovetpw
[.. +4. .]S Kat cetpto [rocad]je prey mapa BoOpov eywv nica mwapactas [ev yap] epepynunvy Kipxns viro8npocuvaloly [n toca djappaxa odev oo[a] tpeper evpeca ybwv 40 [nAOev de] peya xupa Aeov[rlozaxou Ayepovros [Kaxuros] AnOn re TIoAuddeyeOow te peytoros [kas vex}vwy orodos ap[difraptoraro Kat mapa BoOpoy [mpwrn Sle yuyn Endmnvopos ndOev eratpou
412. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS . 39
Col. ii. AS ta 6 efns et ovy ours exov 45 @vTos oO TotnTns To Teplep yov Tns emippnoews Ta adda dia to Tys vmoderews afio pa certwomnxeyy €6 o ITeon orparidat Ta adda ouvpanro— 50 TES EWN TaUvTa amreryicay addAoTpla Tov aTotxov TNS woinoewms exet[va] emixpet vayres emt] wodAolt]s eyvo— are xunpa [rojurdAleore 55 pov emex(n|s avros evrav Oot xareraga rnv re [.|yv cur macay uirodecty avaxet pevny culpeces ev re rots apxelols TyS apxatas malrpt 60 dos Kodwve[tals [A]iAcas Kame todrewns tys Iladatcrevn{s| xav Nuon tns Kapias pexpe de tov tpicKxaidexarov ev Pao fin mpos tats Adefavdpou 65 Oeppas ev ty ev IlavOem BcBrL08nxn tn KaAdn qv av TOS NPXITEKTOVNTA Tw Ze Bacro.
TovAtov Agpixavoy 70 KéeoTO$ in 1-10 = Odyssey xi. 34-43. 4. karareOvetorov: so most MSS. ; xarareOvnwrey Lud(wich) with Aristarchus.
5-10. These lines were athetized by Zenod., Aristoph., and Aristarch., and are printed in small type by Lud.
40 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
6. veomerbe awrov: veorevOea Oupsy MSS, awroy is unintelligible here.
4. xjadxnperow: the doubled oa is also found in FGT; 1. x|ad«npeow.
9. mapa: sO T; zepi other MSS., Lud.
11-3 = Odyssey xi. 48-50.
11. [avrap] eyw: the same reading has been entered by the second hand in the margin of F; avrés 8¢ other MSS., Lud.
13. kat apeBopevos eros nude: amply Tepeciao wvdeobac MSS. The variation of the papyrus provides an introductory formula for what follows.
14. Neither here nor in 1. 23 was apparently anything written before a de, which in both cases is preceded by a short blank space.
15—4 = Ihad iii. 278—80, with w for cai in 1. 15, and reAecere «rAd. replacing puAdocere 3° Gpxia mora.
16. t{tecOov: rivucdov (so Lud.) or révvodor is the reading of most MSS.; riveoOoy does not seem to be found elsewhere.
1g. Cf. 2. vi. 467 6 mais mpds xddrrov éu{covoww reOnyns.
22~36. For this incantation cf. the magical papyri, e.g. Wessely, Denkschr. der Wien. Akad. Ph.-Hist. Cl. xxxvi, xlii; Kenyon, Cafalogue I. pp. 62 8sqq. But the analogy does not extend beyond a general resemblance and the identity of a few names, e. g. Avoufis and 6a. Afdavabo in |. 28 is a variant of the form common in the magical papyri ABdavabalBa. «cr in |. 29 is a mistake for ems. In]. 31 warep apxrwv can be read.
39 = J. xi. 741, with oder for 73n.
43 = Od. xi. 51.
44-68. ‘...andsoon. Whether then the superfluous part of the incantation stood thus and the poet himself passed over it on account of the dignity of his work, or whether the Pisistratidae, when they combined the various poems, cut out these verses judging them to be alien to the march of the poem, I should much like to know. I have myself set them down here as being a most valuable product of the epic art (?); and you will find the whole work preserved in the archives of your (?) old home, the colony of Aelia Capitolina in Palestine, at Nysa in Caria, and as far as the thirteenth verse at Rome, near the baths of Alexander, in the beautiful library at the Pantheon which I myself designed for the Emperor.’
44-6. This passage may be construed as it stands by taking eyov . . . ro mepeepyoy as an accusative absolute, but the order is then very awkward, and ra adda ought not to mean the same aS ro mepepyorv, A much simpler construction is obtained if ra adda is omitted ; the words may have come in from 1. 49.
5374. We take eyywy as equivalent to a» Zor, and suppose the loss of a conjunction after are; 3¢ may easily have dropped out after the preceding re. Perhaps the sign in the margin opposite this line indicates that there was some omission.
55. ereuln|s, if right, is for édmexf]s, sc. réyvys or womoeas. Blass suggests ém{:)eu\d}s, but there does not seem to be room in the lacuna for o.
56. This is another difficult passage. The letter after r in the mutilated word must be either « or o, and there is not room for more than one letter, which ought not to be a broad one, in the lacuna; ryv r ey} is therefore not suitable. Blass suggests ry» re (or 8e) [c}», taking the person addressed in ¢{vlpeces (1. 58; 1. ¢b]pnoes) to be a Jew to whom this Keorés was dedicated and the author of the work in question. This suits rns apxaas n{alrpides, which would then mean ‘ your old native country’; though the supposition that the author required to be told where his own work was to be found is not quite satisfactory. To understand rys apyams a{alrpdos as the native land of Africanus himself, unless the phrase is interpreted in the unnatural sense of ‘the country in which I used
4183. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 41
to live,’ referring to his settlement at Emmaus-Nicopolis, would of course involve the inference that he was of Syrian origin. This has already been maintained by Valesius (Adnot. in Euseb. 7. £. p. 113) and others, though on grounds quite insufficient to over- ride the statement of Suidas that Africanus was a giAdcodpor Ai8us. On the other hand Gelzer’s argument (0. cif., Einleitung) in support of this testimony, namely that Africanus knew Latin, seems hardly more conclusive on the one side than Africanus’ probable knowledge of Hebrew on the other.
60. [A}Asas Kamrwhewns: the name of Jerusalem after its restoration by Hadrian.
64. Adefavdpev: i.e. the Emperor Severus Alexander.
65. Uavéew: the famous Pantheon built by Agrippa and restored by Hadrian and other emperors.
413. Farce anp MImMeE. 22-9 X 42°3 cm.
Both sides of this remarkable papyrus are occupied with literary com- positions of an unusual type. On the vecfo are three columns, of which the two latter are almost complete, of a low comedy or farce, written in a good-sized semi-uncial hand, the dramatis personae being carefully distinguished and stage directions added. Adhering to the right of the third column about halfway down is an uninscribed fragment of some size, showing that the work did not extend beyond half a column more at most. On the verso are, firstly, two columns in a much smaller and more cursive hand, preceded by a few letters of a third upon the projecting fragment already referred to, from what may best be described as a mime, which is mainly, at the least,a monologue. The second of the two complete columns is shorter than the other, and there are some 6 centimetres of blank space below it. Secondly, adjoining this to the right is another column of dialogue in the style of the recto, and with the same characters, written in a somewhat larger and more careful hand, but evidently by the same person who was responsible for the foregoing mime. This column was intended to supersede the latter portion of the first column of the recto; cf. note on ll. 30-6. To assign both sides of the papyrus to one scribe is out of the question, but we are not inclined to think that the two documents were separated by a considerable interval of time. The hand of the recto we attribute with little hesitation to the Antonine period; that of the verso no doubt falls within the second century.
As we have already seen, the MS. apparently was not continued more than a few lines beyond the third column of the recto, if it did not actually end at that point. This fact is quite in accordance with the internal evidence, for the
42 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
impression given by the lower part of this column is that it is the exodium or conclusion of the whole piece. Metrical passages are introduced, a system of Sotadean verses in ll. 88-91 being followed after a short interval by a series of trochaic tetrameters (Il. 96-106); and there was an accompaniment of music and dancing (cf. ll. 88-9, 92-3). The close of the play is also probably indicated by the word xatacroAy in 1. 95, which heads the concluding section. The scene is the coast of a barbarian country bordering upon the Indian ocean (cf. Il. 88-91), and the subject is the adventures in those remote regions of a party of Greeks chief among whom is Charition, the heroine of the drama. Such themes are familiar from the pages of the early Greek romances, and the plot of this piece seems to have run on lines very similar to theirs. Charition had not improbably been carried off in the usual way by pirates, and had so come into the hands of the barbarians, whose Greek-speaking king (cf. ll. 88sqq.) is one of the characters of the play. She had apparently taken up her abode in a temple (cf. Il. 215, 225); and the present fragment describes her rescue by her brother and others who had arrived by sea, and who succeed in effecting their escape after making her captors drunk. Professor Crusius, to whom we are much indebted in the reconstruction and interpretation of this papyrus, acutely suggests that the position in which Charition found herself placed may have been similar to that of the heroine in the romance of Xenophon of Ephesus, Antheia, who in order to repel the advances of the Indian prince Psammis represented herself as dedicated to the goddess Isis (cf. 1. 88 Ged YeArjun, and 1. 106 ri of apd[emodor)), and lived for some time in that capacity under Psammis’ protection (Epes. iii. 11). A large number of characters are introduced. Besides Charition, whom the stage directions call A, her brother (I, cf. ll. 97-9), and the barbarian king, called Bao(tAes), we have the buffoon (B) who largely supplies the comic element. This, as might be expected, is often of a coarse kind. B is of the Greek party and does not understand the barbarian language (cf. Il. 58, 66) ; but some non-Greek words are assigned to him in ll. 75 and 79-80. Another well-identified character is A, the captain of the ship (Il. 101). The personality of others is less easy to ascertain. In the fourth column of the verso 5, who goes to fetch the ship, seems to belong to the brother's party, and is consequently to be distinguished from the speaker in I]. 70-1 and. 74, who uses only the barbarian language, but is designated by a symbol which might otherwise be supposed to represent ¢. It is, however, formed quite differently from the ¢ on the verso, and is more like the sign for 200. Z, who figures only in Il. 31 and 71-3, is another barbarian. There remains xot( ), whose remarks are also with one exception (I. 104) in the barbarian tongue. We are indebted to Prof. G. Wissowa for the suggestion that the abbreviation is to be expanded xo(y7), ‘all’ or ‘altogether,’ referring either to
418. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS _ 43
. the body of the barbarians or of the Greeks as the case may be. This hypo- thesis satisfies all the conditions, and accounts for the appearance of xo( ) in ]. 104, which would on any other view be a difficulty. In Il. 195 sqq. a party of barbarian women, who have just returned from a hunting expedition, is introduced. They are armed with bows and arrows, and nearly succeed in shooting the buffoon (Il. 207-8).
Apart from the distribution of the various parts the MS. includes a number of symbols and abbreviations which are to be interpreted as stage directions. The commonest of these are a r with a dot and a horizontal dash above it (in 1. 211 there is no dash), and a pair of short strokes curving towards each other at the centre (e.g. |. 11) which is sometimes followed by a straight stroke (e.g. 1. 39). The + (which we print simply as r) is probably to be connected with the music, and might stand for r(vpmavicpds) ; cf. 1. 92 r(vpmrarcjds) roA(Us), xpoto(ts), ll. 69 and 95 where r is similarly combined with woA( ), and 1. 87 r(vpxaxopos) (wevrdxis?). The two curved strokes, which sometimes stand before or after r (e.g. Il. 65, 72), but more commonly are by themselves, may also have a musical signification, or may refer in some other way to the accompanying action; their use is not like that of mere marks of punctuation. The word aop&4) which is repeatedly associated with the remarks of B, the buffoon, seems also to be of the nature of a stage direction ; cf. 1. 22 wépd(erat)!. The speeches in the barbarian language are usually written continuously, like the Greek, without separation of words; but in one passage (Il. 61-4) the words are divided by points, while in others the insertion of one of the symbols described above serves a similar purpose. The language is no doubt to a large extent of an imaginary nature, but it may include some genuine non-Hellenic elements; cf. note on |. 83.
The mime of which two columns are preserved upon the verso of the papyrus is of a simpler character. The chief figure here is again a woman, upon whom the action centres throughout ; most of the other actors are slaves. The motive of the first scene (Col. ii) is that of the fifth mime of Herondas, the (nAdrumos.. The young mistress- makes proposals to one of her slaves, Aesopus (I. 115), to which he declines to listen, whereupon she orders him to be put to death along with a female slave (? Apollonia, 1. 120) whom she supposes to be the object of his affections. These cruel commands, however, are not actually carried out, for the male slave manages to escape, and his assumed paramour is only placed in confinement. In the next scene (Col. iii) the bloodthirsty mistress is engaged in plotting the death of an old man, to whom she appears
1 Cf. E. Littmann ‘ Zin arabisches Karagos-spiel’ in the Zeitsch. der Deutschen Morgenland. Gesellschaft for 1900, where the catch-word of the buffoon is ‘ Scheiss.’
44 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
to have been unhappily married. Her accomplices are two slaves, Spinther and Malacus, who also figured in the previous scene; and a ‘parasite’ acts as a go- between. The column ends in a rather obscure manner without her nefarious purpose having been accomplished, and the piece seems to have been left unfinished.
Whether at any point in these two columns the monologue of the mistress is interrupted by other speakers is a matter of some doubt. The sentences are in the original divided off by an oblique dash (see the critical notes); and at two points (at the end of 1. 117 and in the middle of |. 185) the dash is preceded by three short horizontal strokes. Possibly this sign should be inter- preted as an indication of a change of speaker, which would in either case suit the context. Thus in 1. 117 xvpf’? would = xvpla, the natural mode of address from a slave to his mistress; and in 1. 187 8éomuTa implies the entrance of a new character (the old husband ?), to whom may be attributed the words oval pot. But if so the scribe was not consistent in the use of this sign, which should have been repeated when the previous speaker resumed ; and if omitted in these cases, it may be absent entirely in some others where an interchange of speakers might be supposed to occur, e.g. 1]. 172 To moiov, 1. 178 at ms; pddAtora, «.T.A, But this is not necessary, and we do not feel satisfied that the other two passages cannot be explained on the hypothesis that the piece isa monologue _ throughout.
With regard to the date of the composition of these two productions, Crusius considers that the mime belongs to the Roman period, while the farce may be rather earlier, though not a product of the better Hellenistic age. Their literary quality cannot of course be ranked very high, but they are not devoid of merit. The situations disclosed in the farce shows some skill in construction, and when on the stage may have been amusing enough even without the coarser elements; while the mime, though without the accompanying action it is sometimes obscure, has considerable vigour and dramatic force. Not improbably _ these two pieces were once performed in the theatre of Oxyrhynchus, and they may be regarded as typical of the performances upon the provincial stages at this time. In short, they afford a most interesting glimpse into the music-hall of the period immediately following that which is represented by the Alexandrian Erotic Fragment (P. Grenf. I. 1).
Col. i.
}oOns sropéjy Bdde 20 kjareiday avtov ]. B. ropdhv AeBarra =
418. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 45
Jat Soxoict azmorporai | ] t wépXera). B. \ émirydeov dvra Jow sropdiy 5 lacnv tocatra yap ]pevon ].. &re €v TE mpwKT@ pov 25 ]nv cov trojoas lv mwepidépw. xupla ITopdy, éay dia ? Obvjacat pot elreiy | apyvpav ce rroijoas Port|xov morapoy ] ]. pos ris mopdns 10 ] . ovrot wapayelvovra. T ] Kexpuppévos ]. Kotvy). aBoparor - 30 ovlvyaipé pot Achupév(o) eadradayaB povdtrraxora ] I. AdAa Ba- obtva ja. Z. deavda paca] obwca par povrivva
Jopat avras 35 ] ad\eupaxa - v:
At the bottom, in the reverse direction
}..[. 2. Jol E]cparcevriya 15 pa [ Jooadas. Txapippa - 6 mpolxrés pov drecpiva-
Tal év 7]@ mwedAdye yet- 13 dew 4 os pov ploy Jat épeypor Col. ii. B. dox® xotpidlov Ovyarépes elol- éym Kal tavras drodvcm. tT mopX7y). Kotvp). at appivOr -— + 40 B. kal abrat els tov Podreyov megetyact. I. kai pdda, dAda érotpafdpeba [élav codaper. B. xupla Xaplriov, éroupdfov éav SuvnOys ri Tov avabnpdrwv tis Oeo8 paradoat. A, eudyper ov det rods cwrnpias Seopévovs pe- 45 & icpoovrlas tabrnvy wapd Oeav alreioOat.
mas yap Sraxovovot Tais ebyais mwovnple Tov Edeov pédXovTeES trapléxe]oOat; Ta THs Geod det pévery dolas.
B. od py anrov: éy® dpo. A. pi) waite, ddd édy wapa- 50 yévovrat diaxbvet avrois rév olvov a{x]parov. B. édy 62 pi) OéXwow obtas relvey;
r. popé, év [rlodrois rots réiros olvos [ov]x aveos,
Bao(trebs). r.
60 Bao(tAets), Bao(trebs).
65 B. ‘B B.
Baa(tAcds). py
70 C Z.
¢ 75 B.
Bao(irAcds). B.
80 Bao(itres). Koi(vp).
THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
Aordy [de] édv toh yévous Spdgéoly}ral{t] dep drre{t}-
Boivr[es] xparov melvovery. éy® avrois Kai tiv tpvyiav dtaxoly)|e. avrot d& ovrot redoupévor pera Tay [.....-. }
mwapayelvovrat. t dvameo{( ) 7 deou T ...[..]ooadA.[..
Bpabts, Kotvy), Bpabes. B. ti réyou[or; els ra pepldid dnot Adyopev. B. Adyxolpjev. + oTouketratpopeAAoKopoxn. B. Bédox’, ddagte. [BlpaGie = + Bepn Kove Sapvy- merpexto maxret koptapes: Bepn: iadepw: deroper(e metpexim Oapur> Ki {n wage feBns’ Aorlw Bia: Bpadts: xorrws. Kotvp). Korras. kotrw@s opas dAaxrloatro, Baof(tdAeds), omit tl réyouot; IT. meiv dds taxes. dxveis oy AadrElv; KadnMEpE, xalpe. = T fecoveoppoonée. +r B. a, pi sytalvor. Bdapés éort, Bade olvov. T+ rods). oxadpaKxaraBamretpayouppe. Tovyouppt — vexedeKeOpm. c. etrouBeddeTpa
Xourrepayoust, B. at = pi) andlav: watoacbe. 7 |
ai - ri moire; Z. Tpaxovvreppava.
39. as Pap. 57. Sedv Pap. 68. a’ Pap.
Col. iii. BovArrixadoupBat mAarayovdda = Bf........ amvrevxacap. T Blao(tdeds).] yxopBovopBobopBal Toupiovasifocomir mAarayovdda - Bil......
geocapayis. t Bao(tdeds). [.. .Jopadw = carupl.......
ovapecapecupwapadapa = nt = ta = Oaf....... papOa - papiOovpa eduatpat = patOo....... Oapovva papba - papiOovpa. + .[... .}rorf.. padmiviaxoupoukovkovBi -— Kapako . [. .|pa. aBa. Bao(ireds) (aBede -— (aBircydoupBa. aBa ovr
Ko(v7).}
418. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 47
Bao(trevs). mavoupBpyrixarepavovapyBpnrovovert. -Koivp) TrayvoupBpntikarepavovapB pnrovovert
8. mapaxoupBpnrixare| plavovayBpynrovovert odvoadifanapdamtrxoumiokarepay ~ (?) apetpay[ pidaov -— ovmarei.ja -— T €.
Bao(tAeds). [BdlpBapov dvdyw yopdy dderov, Ged Yedfivn, mpos pudpiv dvérp Bipart BapBdpw (mpoBalvar. go "Ivdwy 8 mpépot mpds felpd0pow sére = [ vv - - [S']npixdy ldlws Ocaotixdy Papa mapad.]. . [ T moA(vs), Kpobo(ts) Kotvy). opxio[.) B. rf wér
Aéyovat ; r Spxnoal gnot. B. wdvra ra rev (ovtwv. t+ mopXi). [T'] dvaBadévres avrdv rais iepais (dvats xaraldfoa}re. 95 t mwoX(Us). KaTragcrody. B. ovro: pev fdn tH péOn Bapobyrat. r. ératva@ ov 0, Xapiriov, deipo eo. A dep’, Ad]eADE, Odooor AravO Eroipwa rvyydrfe ; r _twdvta y[djp* 7d mdotov dppet arAnolov- ri pédAere; 100 gol [Aé]ya, mpoped, mapdBare Seip Lyav ri[v vaby rayv. A. édy n{p\aros ey 6 xuPepyiirns Kedetoo.
wart Aadels, Karacrpoded ; drro[Alirmper avrov Ew xaragireiv (ror) rivdlaxa. i €vSov éore wmévres; Kotvy). vdov. A. & rddrat' [éyo v — " 105 Tpopos molds pe Thy travabAlay Kparet. evpevis, Oéorrowa, yelvou’ cafe tiv onv mph omodovr.
_ 81. 0 of xovfs corr. from v. 87. e Pap. 94. tepas Pap. 101. |. wpdres?
Verso. Col. ii. ee [foowpat épa viv maXiov) oe eee ere ere avjrov tva pe Bewnoy. rl ovv eereee pdloriyas; dobAe mpoced Oa
M6 (i6o2oa ees ] pacdpédv. pacriyia, éym % Kupla
(it ede eed alrob. Kxedetwo Kal ov ylverat; ov bédres
120
125
130
135
140
THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
eetiereesheye ]Ouweo{ ) mwolno(ov). p..[..v Tas pdéoreyas)
(ee ess aoe 4 Jor( ) ménofov). odd od Oér\ats; matdes, rods [seenbeieacnte Rests ] oddéy ylverar; dds dde ras pdorery(as). eee ree Jéornnev Aiown(os) 6 riv dotX(nv) xarade~&(pevos) [. Jcon[....]. eras apaco( ) avz( ) éxrivdg(are) (dof.
[xpi ef d€ ofc] oxdrrav éxédevdy), ef 8 dporpiay, nayrav ovv Taw ty rh dypy epyow yivoply(av) [el] 88 AL(ovs) Balojrdg(ev) TS yuvatne(to) yér(er) mornet papiicvesr () werds oo, evo8(os) oxdnpd(s) re [d]Abyror(€), rovnpKav) riva pées), eal ady(eis), nat robto ody TH lgdyy TeX) ArorAX(wvia); adore, waiXes), cvvAaBévr(es) tofrov EAxere emi riy Tempopéevny. mpodyere viv xaxeiyvny os Eoriv megferpuopevn. vdpiv A€yw arayaybvres avrovs kara audérepa ta dxporipia Klat ra mapaxelpeva dévdpa mpoodjcare, paxpay dtacn[dloavres dddov am [dlAXov Kal Brérere Bi rote] TB érépw delEnre ph THs GdAAHAr@v dews [rA]noGévres pe® Hdor[qls arobdvwct. ocpayidoavres St adrods mpos pe gw dyrdre. elpnxas éyoa 8 dor eic- ehevoopalt.) rl réyere Syleis]; Svr(ws) off] Oeot dpiv épavtdoWnoay), [xjai dpets EfpoPnO[nrle; xafi]...n ) aof.jy7( ) yeydvaot ; [ély® [d]uiv xarave..[.. ,] Exeivor ef xal byua[s] Jcélpuyer rods dpeolg{vA]axas od pi AdOwor. vuvi de rots Oeois drapao(6)at Botropat, SrwOip- Spoooy, émir..g7......- wopeva. DAléylere 7a mpos ta[s] Ovolas. émeddv of Oeol Kai én’ dyalp Hew palfverOat pédrAo(orv) ds mpocéyx(ovres) dpvijo(are) rovs Oeot{s.] paoriyla, od OérX(ets) worety Ta Eemtraccdbpdva) ; rl yéyove [. .Juawn; elredOdvr(es) Were rls Eoriv. tl dnow |. .JOvapa; tere pi) [xjat 6 drepipavos tow éorl. tyiv Aéym araddAd[falyres tabrny ma- pédore z[ois] dpeogvAag: cai efrare év ToAAG odfpm Tnpelv emlperas. EAxere, ovpere, amdyere. kal vipleils de éxeivoy dvafnrncavres arocdpa- [y:doavrés rhe mpoBdrcre iva [éy]® adrév vexpov ido.
418. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 49
145 [€\Oere SrivOjp, Mddaxe, per’ épod- efioica
eres axptBas viv ideiy metpdooua ef rébvnKe Lbussinan ics . Shros pi) wdédw mravy pw Epis. ade pev ete oaks Jxapac ra Bde. €é, iS[o]6 obros: al radal- [wope..... ] #OerAes obtm Arpijvat parrAov 4 eve
15° [ptreiv; Kelipevov 8 xagdy mas dirodipopat; vexp@ lied dranres ].€ yéyover, Fprat maoa Epis. dvdravoov ere ee klex(alppévas dpévas dpa.
Diagonal dashes occur in the papyrus after the following words :—107 l{eoapa: and ma&Xtov), 108 Bewnon, 109 palorcyas, 110 gadpow (before and after), 11x yewera, 112 wowo{ov), 113 wor{gov) 114 paorey{as), 117 exeAevo(y) and aporpay, 118 Balojraf(e), 122 wehepopern, 129 eAevooualt], 130 ehavracKnoay) and eoByOlnr\e, 131 yeyouaos and KaTav.. [. a; 133 omvOnp, 134 opocoy and... wopeva, I 35 Ovoras, 137 Ocovs and emtrac- goue(va), 138 \saoun and eorw, 140 core, 142 ¢[rhkpedws and amayere, 145 epov, 147 €pss, 148 ec. 116. «ov =’ Pap. 121. wenpopemmy’ Pap.
Col. iii. SrvO4p, wbbev cov 6 dfOadrpss Hyépwrar; ade dvw ovveloedOE prot, paotiyla, Sas olvovy divAlow. eicedOe, 155 eloedOe, paoriyla: ade mdépedOe. sroramd mepiareis ; ade orpégov. mol cof rd Fytov Tob ytrovkov), 7d Apo ; éy® cot wdvra epi mdévrev arodacw. obftw pot dédoxrat, Mddaxe: mdvras dvedotca Kai modrAfcaca Ta drdpxovrd tov more yxwploecOa. viv toi yépovz(os) 160 évxparis Oédw yevéa(Oat) mply re Tovr(wv) éxtyvot Kai yap edxalpos [[o.. a] : éxa gGdppaxov Oavdotpov 8 per’ olvopédiros dtnOjoaca doom ait@ meiv. amore mopevbeis TH mratle Oipa Kd- Aecov avrdvy ds éwi StadAayds. aredObvres Kal Hpeis ™® wapacltm ta tepl rob yépovros mpocavabdpea. 165 madlov, mai rd roobréy éoriv, wapdore: ovros tls éoriv); airn dé; rl ovv abrf éyévero; ajrox|ddAuvwWoy fva idm auryy. ypelav cov éxw. 7d totobréy éorw, mapdoire peravofoac(a) OéX(w) TH yépovr(t) SiadAay(Fvat). sopevbels ody ide atrov Kai dye mpds épé, éyd 8 elceAboioa ra mpds Td E
50 THE OXYRHYNCAHUS PAPYRI
170 dptotrov spiv éroipdoiw.] émawad, Mddake, 1d rdyos. 7[3] gdéppaxov exes cuvKexpapévoy Kai 7d dpiotov E[roiljudv éort; 1d mwoiov; Mddaxe, AaBe ldod olvdpent. rédas, dox® mavéAnpmros yéyovey 6 mapdoiros’ tédas, yeAg: o[vvjaxoAovOjolalre avr@ pt) xal te wdOn. robro pey os
175 €BlolAdunv rer[élAeorat eloedO[dy}res mept tav orev dogpadécrepov Bovrevodueba. Mddaxe, rdvra jpiy Kara yvdpnv mpoxexapnxe, éav Ett tov yépovra dvédwpev. mapdotre, ti yéyovey; al mas; pdérdoTa, mdévTav yap vii evxparis yéyova. ywpev, wapdotre. ri odv Oérets ;
180 SmwOnp, erldos po dbvov ixavév. mapdorre, poBold]uac Hy yeddow, Kal Kadds déyerss Aéyw Th pe Set A€éyerv. wdirlep Kvpte, Tht pe Karadelres; dmrodddeKd pou tiv
mappno(lav), tiv db€(av), rd édevOéprov pas. ot pou Hs 6 Kvptos. TotTr@ pévoy dAnOds ob Adyw dges éyd adrov Opnvicw, ovat aot, radralrope, &xAnpe,
185 d[Ay]evé, avagpbdire oval cow oval por olda ydp ce Sorts peodpeve my. -¢ el. SmevO4p, EvrAa emi robrov. obros wddy tis éoriv; —
pévovet c&ot, d€ozora.
Diagonal dashes occur in the papyrus after the following words:—153 npepwras, 155 paorya and mapedOe, 156 orpepov and xira(ov), 157 amodecw, 159 xwptoerOa, 163 dcadAayas, 164 mpocavabwpeba, 165 sras, wapacere, and eord(y), 166 8¢ and eyevero, 167 auryy, exo, and sapacrre, 168 diadday(nvat), 170 eroysaolo], 171 cuvxexpapevor, 172 eoTt, motov, padaxe, and Ocvopedt, 173 mapactros, 174 maby, 176 BovAevowpeda, 177 avedopuev, 178 yeyovey and sus, 179 yeyova, mapaoire, and Oedess (after Geders two dashes), 180 cxavovy, 181 yeAaoo, Aeyets, and . Neyer, 182 xarademes, 183 appyo({tay), 80f(av), dws, and xupios, 184 Opnyycm, 185 pot, 186
rovroy and cori. 158. Final a of avedovea corr. from as. 181. xae corr. 183. 6 of eAevOeptoy COrT. 184. ages eyw av Over an erasure. 185. cos = Pap. Col. iv. 5. Kupla, Xaplriov, civyatpe rovrT[wv pot Aedupévo. 190 A. peydrot of Geol. B. motot Oeol, popé; wopdy.
A, watcat dvOpwre.
418. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 51
Se. adrot pe éydéxerOe, éyd de rroplev- Geis [[rrottjow]] 7d wAoiov Epoppoyr [| 195 TOLHTO. A. mopevou: idod yap Kai ai yuvaixes [
avtay dwd Kuvnylov trapaylvoyt(at.
B. od, mnAlka rogixa exouct. Tvvf). Kpavvov. “AX(An) AaAXe. 200 “AN(An). Aatradavra AadAe GB... arypl
“AX(An) KkoTaxos avaB . twoapa.
B. xalpere - Kouvf). Aaonrabia | B. al xupla, Boer.
206 A. adepaxa - Kotvy). adrepaxa. | B. map ipav gore ovK nrew pa tiv ‘A[Ofvny. A. taraimwpe, Sbfacal ve mrodépioly elvat wap érlyov érégevoar. [ B. wavra pot xaxd Oédes ody Kal... .}r[... 210 els tov PaNyov torapéy ; [ A. ds Oeras. r B. mop&X7). [ Kotvf). pvec. ayn( ) ¢. xupla, Xaplriov, xatrapyiv (Brera rob dvépov Sore huas me[pdoavras 215 7d ‘Ivdtxdv rédayos bnlopuyeiv
dote ele Ooica ra oclauris dpov, kal -édy te Otvp trav dviabnudrov THs Oeob Bdoracoy. [ A, o[w]p[pélynoov, avOpwre oft def rods cw-
220 typla{s] deopévovs per[a lepoovAlas ratrny dd Oeav airdiobat. mos yap dirakovcovew aviray tTovn- pla rov Edeov emiorrmp[éveor ;
B. od pi darov, ty apd. [ 225 ¢. tolvuy ta ceavrijs dpov. [ A, obd éxelvov yxpelav exw, pbr[ov dt 1d mpbow-
mov Tol mwarpds OedoarGat. E 2
52 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI 5. eloedOe rolvuvy od dt dWop.[...... 206.
Staxovijons axparéarep[ov rov olvoy 230 didots, avrot yap obrot mplooépyovrat.
208. Second o of oAcyoy corr. from a.
4-8. ropd) ... dav &alowds or, as Blass suggests, éav dialpiyo rév xivdvvoly? The buffoon, who is evidently the speaker, apparently vows to erect a silver statue of his patron saint Hopdn if he escapes from his perils.
10, obros are the barbarians, who are seen approaching. —
13. The correction may be by the hand of the zerso.
19. épeypdv = épvypdy; cf. Etym. M., dpexpds xai dpeypds’ mapa rd épevyw épevypds' 8s Aéyerat nal épeypés. A
24. Yar|xor worapdv: cf. ll. 40 and 210. The name is formed from Peadds.
30-6. These lines are enclosed in the papyrus by a circular stroke which passes through 1. 30, and there can be no doubt that it was intended that their place should be taken by Col. iv of the verso, This is indicated by the note at the bottom, which is in the same handwriting as the verso. The fact that in relation to the foregoing column the letters of the note are upside down is unusual, and rd é would be expected rather than ré «low; but rd «low would represent the point of view of the writer of the mime, and the practical identity of 1. 30 with Il. 188-9 adds a conclusive proof that the column on the verso was meant to be inserted at this point. Line 30 is accordingly to be restored xupia Xapirwy cilpyaipe, the speaker being ¢ as in |. 188; it may also be noted that the word adeypyaxa found in 1. 35 also occurs in 1. 205 in the scene with the barbarian women, to whom airds in 1. 33 probably refers. 4 os per| in the footnote is obscure ; # suggests that the longer passage on the back was an alternative draft.
31. Balosreus ?
188-230. ‘#. Lady Charition, rejoice with me at my escape |!
A (Charition). Great are the gods.
B (buffoon). What gods,:fool? + + «
A. Cease, fellow!
F’. Wait for me here and I will go and bring the ship to anchor.
A. Go; for see, here come their women from the chase.
B. Oh! what huge bows they have!
A woman. Kraunou. Another. Lalle.
Another. Laitalianta lalle...
Another. Kouakos anab . iosara.
B. Hail!
All. Laspathia.
B. Ah! Lady, help!
A. Alemaka. A//. Alemaka.
B. By Athena, there is no... from us.
A. Wretch, they took you for an enemy and nearly shot you.
#8. Iam always in misfortune. Will you then... to the river Psolichus? A. Asyoulike. (Drums.) B. #4
All. Minei.
fF, Lady Charition, I see the wind is rising, so that we may cross the Indian ocean
4138. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 53
and escape. So enter and fetch your property, and if you can, carry off one of the offerings to the goddess.
A, Prudence, fellow! Those in need of salvation must not accompany their petitions to the gods with sacrilege. For how will the gods listen to men who try to win mercy with wickedness?
B. Don't you touch, I will fetch it.
F. Well, fetch your own things then.
A. Ido not need them either, but only to see my father’s face.
F. Enter then; and do you serve them... and give them their wine strong, for here they come.’
198. of is evidently an exclamation, like ovd.
204. At this point the women begin an attack on the buffoon, who cries out to Charition for help. Charition accordingly intervenes with the word ‘alemaka’ (I. 205), which is repeated by the rest and apparently has the effect of restoring peace.
206. ove nAew makes no sense and seems to be corrupt; there was perhaps some play on adezaxa in the previous line (cf. ll. 92-3). ov xnAciy might be read, but this hardly improves matters.
213. The marginal note seems to refer to this column, to which it is closer than to Col. iii of the mime; but the meaning is obscure. ayw(éa) or dyéxicpa) would suit the upper part of the column, but is hardly apposite at this point.
216—25. Cf. ll. 42-9, where the same request is put into the mouth of the buffoon, Charition again declining in words almost identical with those used here.
228—30. Cf. ll. 52—¥.
38~106. ‘ZB. I think that they are the daughters of swine; these too I will get rid of. (Drums, * * ¢).
All. Aiarminthi. (Drums.)
B. They also have run away to the Psolichus.
C. Yes; but let us get ready, if we are to escape.
B. Lady Charition, get ready if you can to take under your arm one of the offerings to the goddess.
A. Hush! Those in need of salvation must not accompany their petitions to the gods with sacrilege. For how will they listen to the prayers of those who are about to gain mercy by wickedness? The property of the goddess must remain sacred.
B. Don't you touch; I will carry it. °
A. Don’t be silly, but if they come serve them the wine neat.
ZB. But if they will not drink it so?
C. Fool, in these regions wine is not for sale. Consequently, if they get hold of this kind of thing they will drink it neat against their will (?).
B. I'll serve them lees and all.
C. Here they come, having bathed, with... (Drums.)
King. Brathis. Adj. Brathis. 2. What do they say?
C. Let us draw lots for the shares, he says. 2B. Yes, let us.
King. Stoukepairomellokoroke. #. Back, accursed wretch !
King. Brathie. (Drums.) Bere konzei damun petrekio
paktei kortames bere ialero depomenzi petrekio damut kinze paxei zebes lolo bia bradis kottos. A//. Kottos. B, May you be kicked by ‘kottos. Xing. Zopit. (Drums.)
54 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
B. What do they say? C€. Give them a drink, quick. B. Are you afraid to speak then? Hail, thou whose days prosper! (Drams.) King. Zeisoukormosede. (Drums.) #B. Ah! Not if I know it! C. Itis watery; put in some wine. (Much drumming.) G. Skalmakatabapteiragoumi. 77, Tougoummi nekelekethro. G. Eitoubelletrachoupteragoumi. B. Ah! None of your disgusting ways! Stop! (Drums.) Ah! What are you doing? #. ‘Trachountermana. G. BoullitikaloumbaY platagoulda bi B. Apuleukasar. (Drums.) King. Chorbonorbothorba....... toumionaxiz- despit platagoulda bi...... sesorachis. (Drums.) King. ... orado satur( King. Ouamesaresumpsaradara ei ia dal B. Martha marithouma edmaimal maltho....... thamouna martha marithouma. (Drums.) ...... tun[ King. Malpiniakouroukoukoubi karako ... ra. All. Aba. King. Zabede zabiligidoumba. A//. Aba oun/ King. Panoumbretikatemanouambretououeni. All, Panoumbretikatemanouambretououeni Parakoumbretikatemanouambretououeni Olusadizapardapiskoupiskateman areiman| ridaou oupatei.a. (ve drummings.) King. A boundless barbaric dance I lead, O goddess moon, With wild measure and barbaric step ; Ye Indian chiefs, bring the drum (?) of mystic sound, The frenzied Seric step... (Much drumming, beating.) All. Orkis[.|. 2. What do they say again? C. He says, dance. J. Just like living men. (Drums **x), C. Throw him down and bind him with the sacred girdles. (Much drumming. Finale.) They are heavy now with drink. C.. Good; Charition, come out here. A. Come, brother, quickly ; is all ready? ; C. Yes all: the boat is at anchor close by; why do you linger? Helmsman, I bid you bring the ship alongside here at once. D (captain). Wait till I give him the word. ‘ B. Are you talking again, you bungler? let us leave him outside to kiss the ship’s ottom. €. Are you all aboard? Adi. Aboard. A. O unhappy me! A great trembling seizes my wretched body. Be propitious, lady goddess! save thy handmaiden |!’
42-9. Cf. ll. 216-225, note. padéoa is a new verb formed from paddy, and a comic equivalent of Baord{ew (cf. 1.218). In]. 47 peAAdvrw» must be read for uéAAorres.
53- drep does not seem right, and there may be some corruption. p is quite uncertain, and perhaps ame was written twice by mistake; but a broader letter would be expected. xaimep would give a more suitable meaning.
57. The latter part of this line after apayeivorvras seems to be filled with stage directions. Above the doubtful ov of deov is a stroke like an accent, which may indicate an abbreviation. dyvareo( ) is perhaps for dsawaio(rexds).
67. This remark is addressed to one of the barbarians.
7°. The words should perhaps be divided oxahpa xardBa(?) wrecpayouss; cf. 1, 72 where mre(«)payous recurs. On the speaker here and in ll. 71 and 74 cf. introd. p. 42.
418. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 55
76=80, The distribution of the parts in this passage causes some difficulty. 2., the buffoon, elsewhere speaks Greek only, and appears not to understand the barbarian language. Yet in ll. 75 and 79 he is assigned non-Greek speeches, and the speaker who intervenes either at the end of ll. 75 or 76 may also be B. It will be noticed that in either case there is a 8 near the end of the line; but in both instances the letter following is closer than it should be if the 8 was meant to represent the character. If the attribution of ll. 75 and 79-80 to BZ. is correct, he may be supposed to be emboldened by the conviviality of the barbarians to address them in a meaningless jargon intended to imitate their language.
82. At the end of the line we should perhaps read ov(e)s{s, as in Il. 83-5.
83. Assuming that it is worth while to attempt to bring the barbarian language in this piece into relation with any known speech, the key is possibly to be found in late Pali or old Prakrit. We owe to Dr. G. A. Grierson the suggestion that in the present passage, for instance, srayoupSpnr: may represent pand amrta, ‘ drink’ (or ‘ life’) and ‘ nectar,’ which suits the context remarkably well. Similarly he would connect adep(y)uxa in Il. 35 and 205 with the Pali alam ‘ enough,’ ‘ stop,’ -ka being a substantival suffix which an ignorant Greek might use incorrectly. But we must leave the consideration of this question to Sanskrit scholars.
89. 1. dverov?
90. Gelpdépour, though a new compound, seems certain; cf. AcyiOpous, &c. Some syllables are missing at the end of the line, and a substantive is required to complete the sentence; perhaps rémavoy followed by a long syllable.
91. [2}ypcxdy (Crusius) is very attractive, though it hardly fills the available space. At the end of the line the doubtful \ may be ».
93- Spxnoas reproduces the sound of the barbarian opxo(.).
94. &. is probably still the speaker.
96-106. The verses with which the scene closes are trochaic tetrameters, but the text seems faulty in places, and some alteration is required to reduce the metrical system to order. Thus ll. 98 and 104 are each a syllable short, and II. ror—-2 are considerably too long. Crusius suggests that in 1. 101 6 xvBepynrys is a gloss on éyh; and if these two words be omitted and al[plérws (for mpwros) and ¢y transposed, the metre is restored. Line 98 may be amended by reading § pa (or dpa) wdvé’, which also improves the sense. The iambic trimeter in 1. 105 is unexpected, and a cretic may be lost at the beginning ; but it is perhaps better not to demand exact regularity, especially since ll. 95-6 are also not trochaic tetrameters.
95. xaraorody in the original is written after the manner of a title in larger letters, with little dashes above and below. It is probably equivalent to xaracrpopy, as in Schol. on Aristoph. Pax 1204 riv 8¢ xaracroAiy rod Spdparos éroinaey dpolay rois "Axapveviar.
100. The first letter may be m.
116. The word before avr{ ) seems to be some part of either dpdooew or rapdovew.
117. kup’ may be either xvpee or xvpia according to the view taken as to whether a change of speaker occurs at this point; cf. introd. It is not quite clear where the words added above |. 118 and in the margin were intended to be inserted. Crusius supposes that rdyrwy ob» . . . cvvreOpapp(évwv) is resumptive of the previous conditional sen- tences, to which the apodosis is xevds . . . épdvn, the general sense being ‘ If women had the hard work to do that I have, you would be as little inclined to love as I.’ ofe] after ef 3¢ is quite doubtful; the fibres of the papyrus are displaced.
119. There is barely room for an a at the beginning of the line, and the supposed a of aix(eis) is more like o.
56 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
120-152. ‘So seize him, slaves, and drag him off to his fate; now bring out her also, gagged as she is. I bid you take them away to the two promontories, and bind them to the trees that lie there; then drag them far apart and take care that you keep each out of the other’s sight, lest they die happy feasting their eyes upon each other; and when you have slain them, come into me. Ihave said; andI will go within. What do you say? The gods have really appeared to you, and you were afraid? ... Although he has escaped you, they shall not elude the desert guards. Now I wish to propitiate the gods, Spinther. Swear ...say the sacrificial prayers. Since the gods are about to appear to us auspiciously, sing the praise of the gods in expectation. Knave, won’t you do as you are told? What has happened...? Go in and see who it is. What does he say...? Look, lest the proud one too be within. I bid you remove this woman, and hand her over to the desert guards, and tell them to load her with iron and keep her carefully. Take her, drag her off, away with her! And do you search for him, and having slain him, cast out his body that I may see him dead. Come, Spinther and Malacus, with me. I will now go out and try to see with certainty if he be dead, that [ may not again be carried away by strife. Thus will I address him(?). ‘“ Ah, see him here! Oh, poor wretch: would you be thus cast out rather than love me? How shall I mourn him as he lies deaf to my voice? ... All strife is over! Cease ...I will ease my ravished heart (?).”’
130-1. The displacement of the fibres of the papyrus at the ends of these lines much interferes with their decipherment. At the end of 1. 131 the letters xe. oc are certain, and éxeivos seems almost inevitable, though the singular d{c|¢vyew is awkward. It appears, however, from ll. 140 sqq. that only the male slave had escaped. In 1. 130 dqlalyr(os) would suit the context, though not the traces on the papyrus.
138. |xawy seems certain and is perhaps for paive, but this is not very satisfactory. ri yeyove|y €|xetvy cannot be read.
139. 6 imeppparos seems to mean the slave who had scorned his mistress’s attractions, and who had evidently succeeded in effecting his escape ; cf. 1. 143 éxeivoy ava{yrncarres.
147-152. It would at first sight appear from this passage that the slave had actually been caught and put to death, and that the sight of his dead body had filled his mistress with remorse. But the analogy of ll. 181 sqq. suggests that this lament may be only imaginary,—a forecast of what would be appropriate when the occasion came. pévoves ooo: in ], 187 is also in favour of this explanation.
‘152. The first word is very uncertain. The doubtful p is more like y, and ]87 might be read for Jex[, but 8¢}87ypévas does not fill up the space. «|ex{Aalopévas is also unsatisfactory. At the end of the line dp@ hardly seems right.
153-87. ‘Spinther, whence that crest-fallen look? Come up to me here, knave, in order that I may strain some wine. Come in, come in, knave; come here! Where are you walking from? Turn in here. Where is the half of your tunic, the half of it, I say? 1 will pay you in full for everything. This is my resolve, Malacus: to kill them all and sell their property, and then to withdraw somewhere or other. Now I wish to get the old man into my power before he has any idea of this; and I conveniently have a deadly drug which I will mix with some mead and give him to drink. So go to the broad door and call him as though for a reconciliation; let us too go, and communicate the affair of the old man to the parasite. Ho slave! The case is this,. parasite.—Who is this? And she? What is the matter with her then? Unveil her that I may see her. I require your help. The case is this, parasite. I have repented and wish to be reconciled to the old man. Go then and see him, and bring him to me,
414, NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 57
and I will go in and prepare your dinner.—I commend your speed, Malacus. Have you got the drug mixed and is the dinner ready? What? Malacus! here, take the mead. Unhappy man, I think the parasite is panic-stricken. Unhappy man, he laughs! Go along with him lest anything happen to him.—This has been done as I wished; let us go in and deliberate more securely about the rest. Malacus, everything has gone as I intended, if we also make away with the old man. Parasite, what has happened? Ah, how? Certainly, for I now have them all in'my power. Come, parasite! What do you want then? Spinther, give me poison enough. Parasite, I am afraid I shall laugh. You are right. I say—what ought I to say? My father and lord, to whom are you leaving me? I have lost my freedom of speech, my glory, my light of liberty! You were my Jord.—Thus let me mourn him (though I speak not truly).—Woe to thee, wretched, hapless, miserable, loveless one! Woe to you, woe to me! For I know who you are. Hateful Spinther, bring the block for this man! Who is this again?—They are still safe, master | ’
154. The letter before o in &vAlow looks more like 7 than «, but d&wAiow must in any case have been intended.
166. A female character enters at this point, but there is no clue to her identity. xpeiay cov éyw may be addressed either to her or the parasite.
173. wavdAnuwros in the sense of wam«dés appears to be a new word. savdAnpmros might equally well—perhaps better—be read, but is more difficult.
184. des is very doubtful and hardly fills the available space, but the letters at the beginning of this line, being over an erasure, are larger than elsewhere.
185-7. On the interpretation of this passage see introd. p. 44.
414. PuxHILosopHicAL FRAGMENT. Fr. (2) 14-3 x 11-8 cm.
Several fragments from a work of a philosophical nature, written in a good- sized and well-formed hand which seems to be a rather early specimen of the oval sloping style. In the formation of the letters and general appearance this MS. bears a decided resemblance to 26, and probably falls within the second century rather than the third. Columns iii and iv are on a detached piece of papyrus, but very likely succeed Col. ii immediately. The subject under discussion is poets and the poetic faculty. There is no indication that the treatise was cast in the form of a dialogue.
(a) Col. i. Col. ii. [-. .] avOpwrov ov [x]aXov Kat atoyxpor [. .]9 movnpay 7 Tepe Tov dtkatoly
[... JOaee neiora: 8 ay Ka[t a}dtxwy mrep[t
58 [re]s veos wy rotov
6 [Tov] tie] emerndey - [oe] sept de tov rot [nrloy nv exo yvo [Mn]» Ae~w non yap [woA]|A@y nKovea
10 [ws] eoriy wdeAcplor [rots mromnpacty [. . .Jecy @ o& mpore
[pot Ka}reAtroy [... yalp aw avrop
(3) Col. iii.
[wlpoem: .[..... nite a[t] wept Tl... 200s
35 Tov axovoalt] Kat tot nTns pot Soxje a To mwoinrov aluet voy av yeverbat:
avnp Je........ }
THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
20 trav Oewy wept Tov ev Aidov- mefplt yol vns avOpa[rov mepit] en{.jff-.--
25 ovr. .jow[......
45 pf
50 TrOAA
55 Kat ef
415. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 59
(c) (2) : (e) Jotorra| ee - [ anf ] xapeev ef Jra: eat yalp per 60 djegis aot 65 Joe weptal Awvel Jrous Eur veo (end of column) Joval. ‘ ; . (f) (4) 7° tye | | JeAca[ Jev )- af
3-13. ‘A young man would not practise such a thing in the least. As for the poets I will state my opinion concerning them. I have often been told that it is useful to be acquainted with the poems which are legacies of the past.’
3. The stop after nxora, which is naturally connected with a», is misplaced. 11-2. Blass suggests mompacw [ev|rux|ev, but though there is a small lacuna after rompaow |. 11 is already long enough.
52. The meaning of the sign in the margin opposite this line is obscure.
415. Isarus? 10°4 X 3°9 cm.
_ . A fragment from a lost speech of an Attic orator, which, if the restorations proposed by Mr. Smyly in ll. 6-8 are correct, is to be identified with the oration of Isaeus against Elpagoras and Demophanes. Not more than about half a dozen letters appear to be missing at the ends of the lines. The handwriting is a small and neat round uncial, which may be -attributed to the second century. All three kinds of stops occur (the middle point in Il. 10 and 15) and occasional accents, which may be by the original scribe.
60 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
(eva ecdnr[e] wm avdfpes AOnvat mpoTepov Te TL ...-.- ol oTt avaykagoplevos Tov Kat ev Tht avaxpiice.. ayova Tovrov [aywvt [a]»Opwrros perpltos Kaz [{jopat. rovro mpalrov vu 15 [emleeexns: e te ef.....
6 [was BovAopa didfagat [. Joe AaBew Sixny [.... [ee] yap eBovdAnOno[ay EAra [. Joc Bovdowro: of..... [yop]as ovroat Kat An{popa [. .Jv Kat mor ev... [yns] emt ro copa [..... [-lad. . .|toras Kxaz[..... , Aabew ovdé, a.[..... 20 enol. .Jev Tol......
IO vol: ws auTika m...... gu Kale arrodidopud... . mpou[lxalAccapniy..... li wi les.e< ori |g kat ee te qe...
6. The traces after «Sovdn6y would suit any round letter e, 6, 0, 0 or ¢ The plural in ]. 10 suggests that «SovAnéyo[ay should be read, in which case Ay[ in 1. 7 must be another proper name.
9. The meaning of the semicircular signs placed below the line on either side of Aabew ovdey is obscure.
11-3. For the lacunae at the ends of ll. 11 and 13 Blass suggests yap atrovs and ola dv.
416. RoMANcE? 12 XQ°5 cm.
On the recto of this papyrus are parts of two columns of an alphabetical vocabulary, written in sloping third century uncials. The portion preserved deals with words beginning with or, e.g. orgigos ot onal, orpepet eAar[, orpmpa eoral, ofrje:Bee aprt, [or}:Ader Sevpe,, Zryvia re arf. On the verso of this is the fragment printed below which seems to come from some romance. This is written in a late third or early fourth century semi-uncial hand, with stops and occasionally other lection signs. Paragraphi apparently occur below ll. 9, 12, and 15, showing that not more than a few letters are lost at the beginnings of the lines ; possibly indeed there is nothing missing in front of ll. 4-5. But there is no sign of the termination of the lines to the right, and a connected sense is not attainable. Lines 8 sqq. describe a supernatural appearance of some deity.
}rof. .jexewer| pPou es nuas x[p]lnoros effaln [... -}rof. . Jaf
417. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 61
Wwevey coparos pexpt Tedovs vuy THodel ] 8tadoxov roy maida xatadeyje}: Kat Onf.Jor rapal 5 ]. mwapov efngicrat yepas [e]karov naz dexa Te [ )- ow] pnxvvopevoy er[.jnpi[.jrova ... epf Ag)xAnmiov mpocdoxa emtomepxovta iT... tw.. TIAL Jov ewpa Oeov riva ocKoTiaiww mpo..v... ef ] wevOixny Kas ppetx(ojdn exovra [oly [.]. 4. [ 10 |rpounoas @ exmev eraipo tis eo8’ ovros . [.]. . [ ] wevOadeos apa cat xaray . [.}rixos [.Ja{ ]+ @ deos etoepxerat etrovrwy [...... ea |
Joxen* avxpnpoy 8 endawfoly offi [...]-[-]-[ Jetvat- xarappngapevos rly] eoOn[ra .) . [. lef 15 ] mpocedpapey avtm Kat . py .[
] & pot tov apaprnbevtoy ¢ Tjov owparos axigopevov .[... .jul. .|vfi evjoxoupevos ev @ eder pex.€. TI, Jele]» tas ioas avadedeypfelvas odo 20 eavrevra ny 7 guors .+.- oxal.].[.]. jrev tu... .Jeorwrag [.. .Ja emrtto\.|q.] . « Sef Jagi.. . .Jwxeror Kae ap etxe... adr
1g. There is a light and apparently accidental stroke drawn diagonally through avre.
1g. Or perhaps le» ras.
21. The diaeresis and rough breathing over « are somewhat doubtful. The breathing over » in |. 18 is rather different.
417, RomMANcE? 14:3 X9°7 em. (Fr. a).
Parts of two columns, with some small detached pieces, from a prose treatise of a rather uncertain character. Col. ii, which contains twenty more or less complete lines, is concerned with a woman named Theano whose son was carried off from the Scythians by a certain Hippasus(?). Theano, after being assured
62 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
in a dream by ‘the goddess’ that she would recover her son, went to Oropus with Eunice, apparently a friend. This looks rather like a fragment of some romance; or it might perhaps be the work of a scholiast or mythologer—though the characters are otherwise unknown to fame. The text is in a rather small round uncial hand strongly resembling that of 404, and probably dating from the earlier decades of the third century. The high and middle stops occur.
(a) Col. i. | Col. ii. We.) - [+ edn ].. Juevn xad exa Jeov vy azo tov gj. [-Jum[... se} e [pean 7
Ja: ws & ovdev 6 jvm Tous per
20 Evveixny erotnocato:
nv de avtn 1 Qeavw pn Tp Tlojy mados rov Iorov ov [...]. [2 ]xvav o Inna
]oxa afojs aftx]uarwrov ecAngpe Jaz 25 aprayevros de avrov ov 10 ]xn K e€veyKovoa THY cULdO Jew pay ixerts ev[eot]n [x]a Jaade Tt ovap ts Beov: [yx]povov Jeev Gf. Je. [... oJ. [. Jeve Juos: 30 Tpewar redleluracoy de xe If Jnv Aevet avTnv n Oeos aad ]xev AarrecOat thy &..@
(6) (Top of a column)
35
val.) ws [8] zo} wafcba an{olAnyouevn- 9 de tre [ptx]apys ovca trapadaBou
JrpeBe [oa t]nv Evvecxny ye Jnox . [.}rf [... ew A[Onlvas’ em tafv pro evoj [Qpwrov nat to tov Ap Jnovr . [ [prlapew ve.. [...[...
45 Lf
40
[. .] ewes eyerferlo z[.....
418. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 63
(c) (2) oo | | Jon{ ja..[ Be{ [ ) |. }-[ Jordi yi
50 py
23. The traces of the letter before [2}kv@a» would suit » or +, but not a,oork. [rep suits the lacuna better than a preposition, but then a title instead of a proper name is required after [Z)xvéw»; «mmalplyjo|s, however, cannot be read.
39. The vestiges following pes do not suit spor very well, but peas iepfoy is a possible reading.
418. Scuoiia on Homer, /éad I. 27°7 X12 cm.
An imperfect column of a commentary upon Book I of the /iad, written in a large and clear cursive hand at the end of the first or early in the second century. The information provided is principally of a mythological character, and since 1. 399 is discussed immediately after 1. 264 the papyrus very likely consists of a series of excerpts. There are very close resemblances to Schol. A, which in several passages exhibits an inferior text; and considering the early date of the papyrus it is not unlikely that the commentary in question was one of the sources used in compiling the scholia in A which give mythological details. It shows traces of Didymean influence (cf. 1. 24, note), but was probably derived directly or indirectly from Apollodorus (cf. ll. 9-22, note). The lines commented on are for the sake of clearness printed in capitals.
[ 11 letters yvlvaixas: ofey avrovs [a Aa (i. 263) [wtOac Katacralyres ets mroXepov ex tov [IIn [Acov opovs dim]xovor ets Madaay opos rns [IIeXorrovynaol omov HpaxAns avrovs date 5 [Peper nv dle TetpiOous mass Aros Ata [ [yap ....eaee ] ctarpeBovoa Ait peraBal[A]or{
64 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
[re tyv gvow els wmmoy eptyn Kat Tlepibouly [eyevynoer] [KAINEA T EZAAIOJN TE KAI ANTIGEON TIOAYPHMON 264 10 © fo Katvevs Edarov] pev mas Aambov 8 Baordreus
[wporepoy mapOelvos evirperns eyevero: Of. . [22 eee ee plyevjros aurn Iocidwvos arnoalpe
(vn peraBadrey yelav[eiJlas aTpwros yewerar yey [vacoraros de thoy Kad eavroy umapgtas tov [
15 [....... 7S nyeleovtas oux eBacracey cfer[re [Atoas de Kat rolus Oeous map ovj[dey emoin [caro Kat wore mnjfas axovrioy ev [pern TH [ 13 letters ] ayopa rovro Oeov a{pocera [fe vopeger Zevls de ayavaxrnoals Keyra
@ 20 [pots moAepouv]ra Katrep atplollrofy ovra uiro [xeeptov erotnoely- eXaTats yap Ka{t Spvow
[oc Kevravpot] avrovy npicay es [yny ONT[LOTE MIN] =[YNJAHCAI OAYMTTIO! H[OEJALON AAAO! 399
ere nd
ypagiovljor tives xat DoiBos AmodAdr\gov: glact yap 25 oTt Atos emixpareorepoy ypmpevou [ty Toy Gewy Bacittaa Tloordwv re cat Hpa xalt Arron Aoy ereBovrAevcay avrwt Oeris de yvouca [rapa Nnpews tov marpos os pavris nv dndot tole Act thy emiBovAny Kat cuppayov mapadidmor z[ov 30 «6 Atyewva exatovyxepov Tocidwvos maida [ Zevs 8 Hpav pe ednoev Tociboun de xi at [Amod\Aw]yt mpooracce Onrevoa: Aaopedor{ri
3. 1. Madeay, 26. o of Baowie corr. from A. 28. o of os corr. from 4p. 30. 1. Aryatwra. 32. a Of Oyrevom corr. from «.
1-8. Cf. Schol. A on 1. 263 . .. S8plfew goat ra» ‘EAAnvi8wr mwapjcay yuvacar’ Sey ol AaniBas avorddny payerdpevos Sidxovew atrovs els Madday dpos rps UeAorovvncov. 4 8€ rem dvactpepopem peraBaddévre ry hicw els Grow dieplyn xal roy mpoeipnudvor éyéprnce Teplbovy 8: cvopdaby drd rou wepilein Inrp dpowbévra tiv Aia dv rq piywruoba rH pyrpi airod. The papyrus omits the explanation of Pirithous’ name, but is much more explicit regarding his parentage than the scholium, in which 9 8 has nothing to refer to, while ra makes no sense and is probably corrupt for Ad.
419. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 65
g-22. Cf. Schol. A on 1. 264 6 Katsets "Edcdrov pév fv mais AamObav 8¢ Bacireis, mpétepoy fy mapbevos eimpenns, puyevros 8é airy Llocedévos alrncapémy peraBadew els dvdpa } yeas Grpwros yiveras ‘yervaisraros trav caf avrdy tmdpgas. kat bn wore mntas axdyrioy dv rq pecatrare ris ayopas Gedy rovro mpocéragey apiOpeiv. 3: fw alriay dyavaxrnoas 6 Zevs ttcopiar rs doeBelas tap avrov eicerpdguro, paxduerov yap airdy rots Kevravpos xal drperov dvra bmoyxeiptoy eroinge’ Baddvres yap avrdv of mpoeipnpevos Spvoi re cal éAdras foecay els yn». This is almost identical with the papyrus, but is more compressed in some parts and more expanded in others. As before, the papyrus exhibits the better text, (1) by avoiding the repetition of 4» in the first sentence, (2) by having veavias in place of 4 »eams which is detrimental to both sense and construction, and in the light of the papyrus should be corrected to veavias. Blass suggests dca | 8¢ ro xadXos for the lacuna in ll. 11-2, and roy [me yar oyxoy for that in Il. 14-5.
In the epitome of Apollodorus I. 22 (ed. Wagner, p. 181) the story of Caeneus is related more briefly: Gr: Kawevds mpdérepow fv yun, cuvedOupros 8¢ ait# Hoaedaves yrncaro amp yevérbas arpwras’ 3:0 xal év r7 pds Kevratpous payy tpavparay Karadpovar moAdAots ray Kevravpwr dradecer, ol 8¢ Aowrol mepiordvres aira eAdrais TUMTOvTes Exwoay els yoy. The version of the papyrus may well represent another epitomizing of Apollodorus.
24. It is remarkable that the variant @oiBos "AwdéAAwy in place of TaAAas "A@nyy Occurs in I]. 400 not in 1. 399, and that the story of the conspiracy of Hera, Posidon, and Apollo against Zeus follows as a kind of justification for the variation. As Apollo played an important part in the legend, this order is really more logical than that found in Schol. A, which first gives the story of the plot in connexion with 1. 399 and then discusses the variant ®oi8os "Anédd\A\wy, which is ascribed to Zenodotus but rejected as inappropriate. The account in Schol. A is as follows:—Zets mapadaBav ri dy» otpave doiknow meprooas ty wappnoig éxpyto moAAd avOadn diampaccdpevos. Toceday d¢ xai “Hpa xal "AndANwv xai ’Abqva é€BoUAovro atrov S8naavres trordga. Oris 8€ dxovoaga mapa rou marpos Nypéws (fv yap pdsris) riv Ards émBovAiy gowevoe mpds atrov éemayopévn Alyaiwva pdBntpor rap emBourevdvrav Gear’ fv 8€ Gardoatos suipwv otros xal tov marépa Tlocedava xareBpdBever. dxovoas 8¢ 6 Zevs Oéridos tHy pév “Hpay éy trois xa avrov Becpois éxpépace, Llocvedam 8¢ cai "Ardd\Awve thy mapa Aaopédovrs Onreiay eynhicaro rq 8é Oérids tHv "AydAdws ripny els rd pera ravra éraysevcaro, ioropet Aidvpos. The parallelism between this and the papyrus is marked, though the papyrus is somewhat shorter and varies the phraseology. The mention of Athena in the scholium, but not in the papyrus, is due to the slightly different point of view from which the legend is brought forward. If the scholium gives the actual words of Didymus, the papyrus would seem to be a secondary commentary based upon his notes; but on the other hand the papyrus may express Didymus’ language more exactly, and the scholium be an expansion.
419. Evuripipes, Archelaus. Q°2 X 4:6 cm.
A narrow strip containing parts of sixteen lines from the Archelaus of Euripides, written in round rather irregular uncials of medium size, which are of the second or third century. The identification of the fragment, which we owe to Blass, rests upon the coincidence of what remains of II. 8-g with a quota-
F
66 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
tion from the Archelaus in Stobaeus, Flor. 7. 5 (Fr. 275, Nauck). Lines 1-12 are trochaic tetrameters, which are succeeded at |. 13 by a xoptxdy. Several cor- rections have been made in the text, perhaps by the original hand, to which also the stops and occasional accents, &c., may be due.
ov per [ jw ea & evroxys [olfof porn pal Jeor@ ro Xotrov [ )xrewvovr’ dy[pnoroy ? alvipa xpn da Toy [ Pavilapms epeAdre af ly apepay" 5 }nOeas mapare - 15 Jet yap at tvxale
]8 avat xabige x ]r@ wat mpoBadrle -
« le roy pelo] ev de cot polvoy mpopwva [un mi Sovdretav trore
é (ov exov] eXOns wrapoy colt xarOavewv edevbepws
10 Jrov cowOe|y]] Kal
420. ARGUMENT OF Euripipes £iectra. 15°7 XQ:2 cm. Prats VI.
A fragment of a brief account of the recognition of Orestes by Electra through the intermediary of an old man, and almost certainly part of a hitherto unknown wtrdbects of Euripides’ Electra, covering ll. 341-584. The verso has been used for writing an account in a cursive hand of the late third century. The writing on the recto, which is of a common type (cf. Plate VI), probably dates from about the middle of the same century.
-.[.-].+ Tovs avdpas etoayev [roy Opeorn|y o 0 ovK epedlrev pe. [.- lov wenxpov pev ard afr Aa aJAA wporoynoey af.... Aorpiov fevioy pede~oyras [av 15 [ 12 letters us ap[.joval....
tos de t[a] mporgopa ty ooudn Ko [ 15 ,y ]-o.7o....
421-4384. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 67
5 plov amndOev mudopevos de tio € 16 letters leaf...
prov 9 mpecBurns o tov Opeorn|y [ 47, Jovrf...
[. .].. Opeyras nrAOev Hrex{r]p[a [ 17 ,, opel...
Eer[ta] depwy a ros Kat aypov pe 20 [{ 18 ,, Jets dvf...
o[ Gols] 7 xwpa mporxa Swperra Oe [ 7 , }e» rouri. . 10 agapevos de tov Opeorny Kat xpo [ 18 , jyetver[ac
[os onpalyrnpas avevey Kas
dteralgpe: mlpos tnv Hyex{tpav
1-14. ‘(Auturgus wished) to introduce the heroes to his house to partake of a poor but .. . hospitality, and himself went off to fetch offerings suitable for his zeal. The old man who had brought up Orestes hearing of the matter came bringing for Electra such gifts as the country freely presents to rustic hirelings, and seeing Orestes and oe the marks on his skin revealed him to Electra. He made no delay... but confessed .
2-3. al Yor pup : no other reading seems possible, for not more than one or two letters are lost in the lacuna, but adAAorpiwy is not satisfactory as the antithesis to menypor. The reference is apparently to El. 362-3 xai yap ef mévns Eu, obros ré y FOos ducryerds
wapéfouas: Cf. rid. 420-32. 4. In £/. 408-31 Auturgus is sent by Electra to fetch the mpecBirns, and directs
Electra to attend to the strangers. But this discrepancy can hardly outweigh the paniats agreement in other respects between the papyrus and Euripides’ drama. II. onpalyrnpas: xapaxrnp is the word used by Euripides, £7. 572.
421-434. PorETICAL FRAGMENTS.
We, here group together a number of miscellaneous fragments in verse, which do not seem to be extant and which are too small to be of much value. Of these four (421-8 and 484) are in hexameters, three (424-6) are lyrical, seven (427-38) are in iambics, chiefly comic.
421 consists of the ends of nineteen hexameter lines written in a second century uncial hand with occasional breathings, accents, stops, and marks of quantity. The subject of the fragment is the parentage of Bellerophon and the gift of Pegasus (who is not mentioned by Homer). There are no indica- tions that the poem was a late epic, and several phrases suggest Hesiod as the author.
422 contains parts of eleven much mutilated hexameter lines, written in
F 2
68 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
rather large and well-formed uncials of the square sloping type, and dating probably from the third century. A battle scene is apparently being described ; Heracles is mentioned in 1. 9 and part of another name occurs in 1. 4. The vocabulary suggests that the fragment comes from some Alexandrian epic.
423 is a strip from the bottom of a column, containing on the verso parts of thirteen hexameters in a large and rather rough uncial hand apparently of the third century. The recto of the papyrus is blank. The high stop occurs several times and marks of elision and accents were used. The subject of the fragment is obscure ; a reference to the Nile is noticeable in 1. 13, while Hermes is mentioned in ]. 4.
424 contains a fragment of three stanzas in Sapphic metre, probably by Sappho herself, written in a heavy uncial hand of the third century resembling that of the Oxyrhynchus Sappho fragment already published (7). Accents and stops are found, the high point in Il. 6 and 10, the middle point in]. 5(?). The form drépats (= érépas) in 1. 9 is of some interest, since the a was hitherto doubtful for the Lesbian dialect; cf. Meister, Gretch. Dial. p. 41.
425 is a short extract from some lyric poem copied out as a school exercise. This is indicated partly by the character of the handwriting, which is a large irregular uncial, partly by the fact that the papyrus is complete in itself; and the inferior spelling points to the same conclusion. Below the last line are a series of dashes. The excerpt is of the nature of an invocation such as might have come at the beginning of the poem, which does not appear from this specimen to have been of a very high-class quality. The metrical scheme is —Y_Yu-. The date of the MS. is second or third century.
A more valuable fragment is 426, a long narrow strip containing parts of thirty-two lines from a lyric poem in dactylo-epitritic metre and Pindaric style, which is not improbably to be attributed to Pindar himself. Unfortunately the piece is so mutilated that little can be done in the way of restoration, though a few lines in the middle which concern Melampus are intelligible. The text is written on the verso of the papyrus in a rather uncultivated uncial hand which may be assigned to the third century; on the recéo is part of a cursive document dating from the latter half of the century preceding.
427 is also a fragment of some importance. It consists of the latter parts of the three closing lines of a play, below which is the title Javous | }royoma. There can be little question that Blass is right in reading this [ Avrid |dvous [’AvO@pw}zoyorla, and that the papyrus furnishes another example of the dangers of rejecting definite ancient evidence on @ priori considerations. A Qeoyovla of Antiphanes is men- tioned by Irenaeus (ii. 14), who gives a lengthy excerpt from it ; this, however, was rejected by Meineke (i. pp. 3:8 sqq.), who maintained that it was derived from
»
421-484. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 69
the Birds of Aristophanes, and Kock accordingly omits the extract given by Irenaeus from his collection of the Comicorum Fragmenta. But it can hardly be doubted after the actual occurrence of the title "Avripdvous ’AvOpwaoyorla that the testimony of Irenaeus concerning the Oeoyovla of the same writer is perfectly trustworthy ; though: whether they were two distinct works, or one work known by two names, remains uncertain. The text is written on the verso of the papyrus in a square or oval sloping uncial hand (cf. 420) of the third century ; on the yecto are parts of three lines in second century cursive.
428 contains the ends of nine iambic lines of a comedy, or possibly a tragedy, written in a small semi-uncial hand, which is more likely to belong to the second century than to the third. A short diagonal dash at the top of the line is used as a mark of punctuation.
429 is another comic fragment, containing the beginnings of fourteen iambic lines written in a large and handsome uncial of the square sloping type characteristic of the third century; cf. 420. On the verso is part of a document in cursive dating from the end of the century. A paragraphus below I. 9 marks a change of speaker. In Il. 10-2 a marriage is being arranged, which may indicate that the conclusion of the play was not far off. A very deep margin at the top of the column is noticeable.
4380 consists of parts of eight lines in comic iambics from the top of a column, . written on the verso of a second or early third century account. Marks of elision and high stops occur, but no breathings or accents. The writing on the verso is probably but little later than that on the recto.
431 consists of parts of twelve lines of a dialogue in comic iambics, written in an uncial hand resembling the square sloping type, but more probably second century than third. Changes of speaker are indicated by paragraphi and, when in the middle of a line, by blank spaces.
432 contains the beginnings of seventeen lines apparently from a comedy, written in a small uncial hand upon the verso of a second or early third century account. A correction in 1. 15 and marginal notes opposite Il. 2 and 8 have been added in a more cursive hand, but probably by the original scribe. Changes of speaker are indicated by paragraphi and, when in the middle of a line, by double dots (cf. 409). The marginal notes’ seem from their position to refer to the speakers, but the names (‘P]nropix(ds) or plntopex(ds) and ‘Aplp(pmr) or ’Apid(pddns)) are curious. The writing on the verso may be assigned to the third century. Between 1]. 13 and 14 is a blank space sufficient for two lines.
438 contains the ends and beginnings of iambic lines from the upper parts of two columns, The MS. seems to have been of a magical character, giving directions for a series of spells or incantations, the objects of which are indicated
70 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
by short marginal notes; cf. ll. 22, 28, and 33. The hand is a small semi-uncial which may be of the end of the second or more probably of the first half of the third century.
484 is apparently a fragment from a hexameter poem, perhaps a @pivos or émrdgios. Groups of a few lines (usually four) are separated by a shorter line, which may have contained a refrain. Parts of two columns remain, written in rather large coarse uncials, probably of the third century. On the verso is some more writing in a similar but more cursive hand.
421 7°83 X 4-7 cm. : : ] vepeAnyepera Zeus prooe klapnart pn mor omao{cat ? JA & y[ rov Sovdldao TIav\8erovisao ev] ayxolynict pryeloa ? ]éfaro ITaddas AOn[yn 15 | apvpova Beddlepodoyrny 5 }re yap toa Oeorwr lkrnt er arelpova n[lovrov eijuaros apyudeoio wa\tnp trope IInyacoly troy 6 amo cidos dno leew emre[ro ?
]ns weipyoaro BovAadlts Jenrasad[ Atols voov atytoxoto 10 jpevos GAGE yuvalix
3. Blass suggests Edpyydun Nicov Ovyarnp at the beginning of the line, comparing Hyginus, £6. 157, where Eurynome (called by Apollodorus I. 85 Eurymeda) is said to have been the mother of Bellerophon. Lines 4-15 refer to the wooing of her by Glaucus son of Sisyphus and father of Bellerophon.
6. Cf. Hesiod, Zheog. 5'74 apyupén éobyrt.
4. Cf. Hesiod, Scus. 7-8 ris xal dard xpnbev Brchdpwy +r’ dmd xvavedwy roioy and oldy re wroduxpvcov Adpodirns.
12. Probably aveveve xlapnarc: cf. 7, x. 208.
17. walmp: i.e. Posidon, who gave him Pegasus. For the different stories concern- ing Bellerophon’s parentage cf. Schol. Pind. OZ xiii. 98 r@ pév Adyp 6 BeAXepopdyrns TAavKou éori, r7 8 dAnbeiag Mocedavos.
422. 12:8 X17 cm.
Japox reravvoro mapnopios... .jora ]-..- Karfoko rox{.jereAc . [.]ux[.]dj. . Jvro 'ytopiy pada wep xatleowres aplwy|ns
421-434. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 71
Jetdao Sai¢pova rnf...]. va 5 Oalvaroio karedrAgBev adXrtros aioa [| ] Hey ETt (wo [a}repuxave xapyl nv ].«.. @Ax[. .]. gf] xardero pvOo|
|p... . JAAepey ula ]-... cof.je Hpaxrna 10 .ad|énxor av npata pnyk[et
]. ore Of eleonoar7[.]
1. Mr. T. W. Allen suggests that the line may be completed wap morlapos... ayy Oyxnlorws. The second supplement is too long for the lacuna, but the repetition of the letters yx might have caused an omission in the papyrus.
5. Cf. Zl. xxiv. 428 éy Gavdrod wep alton. addcros is for dAcoros like woAvAXeros for modvAXoros in Callim, Ap. 80, Del. 316, &c.
423. 9°8 x 6°6 cm. Jorevpeve. .] . [ ] Kae avros éywye [ evOav pyrns Kal }repots rov aordo[y Je yap a€avaror: [ 10 JAos anpie® ap nruf ]® Eppeas pal Jatpwv aveBns x{
5 lv nmtodmpoy op{ JonAvOerov' apdo eé ] mrwyxov exovr7| m)Anp(p)jupov Nidos die
Jovy opogpocur|
3. What we have supposed to be a stop might perhaps be the top of the cross-bar ofar.
.
424. 6 X 3-1 cM. ines | | yw arépas pe ]- af 10 }n ppevass eff Jxou[ Ja Tots paKal
Jac ]
72 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
s J. age | let Ixes" cuviny| . : , ]- Ss Kaxoraro{s
lpev 425. 11-4XQ°5 cm. J” [ylavrat Buboxva - Ta mAeovres vdarn [r]odpopot adtov Tpr TNY oUVKpLoLY ELT Taves voaTov Te dirol weAayous kat Nivwre yAvKu kat NetAov you 5 Spopot ta yedov ro pov
‘Ye sailors who skim the waves’ depths, Tritons of the briny waters, and Nilots who sail in happy course upon the laughing waters, tell us, friends, of the formation(?) of the sea and of the fruitful Nile.’
4. Nadore is for NecAGra:. The second v of yAveu is corrected from «. 6. 1. v8ara.
426. . 24:35 CM. }ra srv8al ]xes tipac AzrodAoy JorreAecz[ |s ty aydXata kjeAevoev PoiBos [ Jevo[e ?] Kat podrmat Acy[eae ] wodepatverov uf 20 loves m ava rol ) 5 ] ex vaov re kat rap{ ]rt ov & od[Bor ? le & evt yapa \edtoroey [ ] + keoev rav(v\dudrov [ ]Ovaz{ |ptwas eAaas Javopa{ ] pacw es 25 Jocoval 10 JAer’ ew de xpor[ar ] emtBol Jes e€ aAtxov rep[ JO Bol Js «€ Apyevs Medap{rous JAwv ref le guabanvibas esac
Joy re TIvOaa xrice 3° ]xaopoof
421.484, NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 73
15 ] repevos (abcoy ] de roof Jas amo pifas ro de xpf JoereA[
12. € Of apyevs corr. from o. 13. a Of pad corr. from o.
10. ev de xporion: cf. Pindar, Pyth. iv. 291, &c.
13. apabaondas is for ’AuvOaovidas, the patronymic of Melampus ; cf. Pindar Fr. 179 ipaive 8 "Apvbacvidacew souidoy dvdnya.
14-7. Blass restores these lines Bw|ssy re UvOaei xrioey | xai] répevos (abeov | [xelvlas and pitas’ rd de yp[vcoxdpas | é£d]xws rivac’ ’Ard\Xov, comparing Pind. Vem. vi. 35 and ravras alpa mdrpas and Ol. ix. 69 éféyws ripacer, For pifa in the sense of sé#rps cf. Ol. il. 50 ober onépparos xovra pilav.
18. ayAaa may perhaps contain a reference to Aglaea who was the wife of Amythaon according to Diod. Sic. 4. 69.
427. 9°9 X 6-7 cm. ] avdpes ot yeyeynpevos ] wavres evpwotas apa
tov] Buoy dtagere
Avrigjavous
5 AvOpwhroyovia
1-3. The sense seems to be ‘ You shall all enjoy prosperity if you applaud my play.’
428.
]xa6n{.] Jotcow 9 [plpacer Jos exAn[6]ns BapBapos ra xpn wavros pabey’ 6 ].s° 7 8 eovora
420.
eyo F.}rf kat Ty. [
overs uf
5X § cm.
pelradepovea Tous vopous [ Jovoty evpevery vy ovros o Opovos
“IB X 10-4 cm.
enor 8 eredl wa tas Oupas [ 10 maldeoy ef apolTe yvnotoy
74 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
eis aptraly ep nimep o tratni[p
5 Aaxns er Ta girtat w mat x[ ovx oda 6. [ [a]AAourof. . . .|cof ws’ yiroves ouved| mpotep . | |
7. The doubled dots at the top of the line after ws are remarkable, for neither a change of speaker or a stop seems at all likely at that point.
10. Cf. 211. 38-9.
II. eh mewep: SC. mporxi?
480. 5X 4:7 cm. 432. 12-8 X 3 cm.
Jor pev avdpes ov ; : ; ; ] wap avri.y adtxnool Kat Toy ]nt tt Oarrov’ ovOf Jnropix( ) ovros pl Jap evOus ovros avr | To.ouT{
5 Wwpoev avrov’ ext avdpes [ Jorpewas madw mpl 5 TolauT| ]rov oer ex rns | radeEd
Jazol Kexpap[
lapig{ ) aurn: pl
per ep 481. 6 x 6-2 cm. 10 adn ; : ; . . . Katvoel [ 15 letters a Kacrod aftos emaweioOat pl aravr{
ov pn Ctadvynis = rao [ [ 8 letters ] nme ry perf [
si 8 » lpevny otx[ ov yap yy {f 6 , pelraperce por [ odroral (f 8 y ]-97.¥ perapler 5 [Ln8eraf [ 10 4 Jaz ov trad enanes
ov & ovy [
[ 10 ,, ] eye if
421-434, NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 5
10 [ 10 letters Js epe pf [ Io ,, le az [ to » ef 431. 3. Second « of dcagvyns inserted later. 438. 8-7 XQ cm.
Col. i. Col. ii.
ladet ev vam Texel. -
ar
yvlvaige re 20 eav Of ] movrov OeAns oppay(t mplonotxnkoras aa
5 Jowotn[. . . . Orpo- en Tavogl
3 lines lost. ! = ane ae
Jamorpe . [. . ame x eeUP e lox !
10 ] wdtov Oeoy Kado Oper = oTuynToy eat Tal Jetpns tiva Komp mmOnx(ou . lol
Jas rpis dwdexa 30 oppayeda thy mAoure|
_ pos avOeory xpicov de pny. lof. lol uta omevdwy yada erepo de vexpas . |
15 lov cuvwpida we exOpous de rove [ ly em gvdov erav Oedns evxedpalrov yrrny Pgs 35 ewe: our... .]- our pos duopas ope : ; Js wuwl... +e.
1. This line, which protrudes above the opposite column, is perhaps a marginal note, and there may be nothing lost between ll. 1 and 2. The upper fibres between these two lines have been torn away.
g. Probably drorpérew in some form.
22. The stroke above the marginal note is really over the xa rather than the o, but this gives no word. If 6vpor is right the word beginning xa was completed in the next line (xal[raxavey ?) ; cf. the other two marginal notes.
29. peconOpoy: cf. Lucian, Dial. Meretr. 4. 5 és 8€ nal rovréd pe oddpa card ris SoiPidos
76 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
7d pionOpov édiddfaro, rnpycacay 1d ixvos erdy drokinot duavpdoacay emBnva pev re apiorepe éxeivns tov éndv Sefedv, rp Seki 8¢ roy aporepoy Eurrad.y, xat A€yew, "Em BEBnxd vos cai Umepdve eli. 33- 1. exOp(ovs) and ex@pous. 34-5. Cf. Antiphanes Fr, 273 od8 Fryer xpéa ob eyxéador. ever = Eve, from the form épéw.
434. 12:5 8-6 cm. Col. | : ; ovcwy evK[ |voyv 15 vupdoyv e. [ |topey wAEeTO pn }riwny | [ ]rptBor [....]. epme .[ 5 |-T7 [. . » «vovar7| ie 20 [.. .jexroverd{ ; [... .Jorumroy Af. Col. ii. ‘eimai ; ; ; . [. . . -poomreo . [ ff ie Cee ]nAarof tov of... .jo. [ eo ucavo[ xAwpal. . .lof [.- +]. [- -Jerpl 10 ouxere [.|jnAu[ [ )-[ wero yor .[ . : : ; nl vuppogopoy [
28. There may have been a blank at the beginning of this line.
435-444. Prosk FRAGMENTS.
Under these numbers are included a variety of small prose fragments which we have not succeeded in identifying. Two (485-6) are historical, three (487-9) of a philosophical character, the remainder, with the possible exceptions of 441 and 444, are oratorical.
435 contains parts of two columns written in an informal uncial hand
435-444. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 77
probably towards the close of the second or in the first half of the third century. The Corcyraeans are mentioned in connexion with some one whose name began with Anyo, and who persuaded them to provide a talent (of silver); and there seems to have been some question of a marriage.
436 is a third century fragment from the bottom of a column, written in square sloping uncials (cf. 420 and 447) of good size. The general sense of ll. 5-10 is fairly clear, and the passage is evidently part of a description of some distinguished general, which might come either from a biographical monograph or from a more comprehensive historical work.
437 comprises parts of fifteen lines from the bottom of a column, the subject of which seems to be the practice of surgery, though it is not clear whether the fragment belongs to some professedly medical treatise or to a philosophical work of a more general character. The hand is a medium-sized sloping uncial probably dating from the third century.
488 consists of parts of twenty-three lines written upon the verso of a second century account in a semi-uncial hand, also of the second century. The first line, which is shorter and apparently in a more cursive hand than the rest and has a space below it, is more likely to be a marginal note than the title of the work, which seems to have been of a philosophical character, the author using the first person very frequently.
489 is written on the verso, the recto having only a diagonal stroke such as is found in accounts. Parts of fourteen lines are preserved, written in rather small third century uncials of the usual type; cf. 420. <A breathing and elision mark occur. The fragment comes from a philosophical writer, apparently not Plato.
440. Two fragments which were found together and are apparently in the same hand; but whether they belong to the same MS. is doubtful, for the papyrus of (3) is somewhat thicker than that of (a), and (4) has on the verso parts of six lines written in a good-sized uncial hand, while the verso of (a) is blank. The writing on the recto is a third century uncial of a common type (cf. 447). (a), which was a carefully punctuated papyrus, i8 probably a fragment of an orator.
441 contains the ends and beginnings of lines from the upper parts of two consecutive columns, written in a small sloping hand probably of the third century. The use of the second person plural (1. 16) and the occurrence of the name Philip (I. 20) suggest a rhetorical composition; but it might also be inferred from the short line at 1. 19 followed by a name in the genitive case that the MS. comprised a collection of érog6éypara or anecdotes.
442. A long strip containing the latter halves of lines from one column and
78 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
a few letters from the beginnings of lines of the next. The piece seems to be in the oratorical style, but it is too mutilated for the drift to be caught.
448 is apparently a fragment of a private oration, and contains the beginnings of twenty-four lines written in a round uncial hand of a calligraphic type; it more probably belongs to the second century than to the third. The low and high points occur in ll. 4 and 6 respectively.
444 is a fragment mentioning Philip and the Macedonians, but whether it comes from a public oration or from a historical work is uncertain. The handwriting is a medium-sized uncial of the second century, probably of the early or middle part of it.
435. 12-5 X 10-8 cm. . ene ot de Kepxvparoe trav YOTEpAa Evol Ta axkolvoavtes| Tov pev Anpo avnkovoas te wee ew emnfvjouy Kat dt evOu [-Junr[. -lrap| pitas] etxov edooav TE TO Ta 20 [.Joe/
§ Aavrjov mpobupws Kat Ka . Jas & es avroy tns maple vou .|jr . duAaxa Tw 6 etvat . JovTo.. uf. .Javia.. at One... 2. .Jrov yapou 10 .....JeAnoay[..... ]Oev ro be
ey Jadefai.... .Jra adda 15 letters ve KaKat ate ocare Jooap[......... .|O0s sb eice Olle ec. a Sa Je 15. ] kat Pun... ce eee ]xa ere le. of 436. IOX 5°5 cm. ig re ae ]. al Jew Of... 2... tlriros. of
|noev7{.. . re eroa . [
485-444. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS
|rat mpoool... .jo vpr 5 jae toyupfols nat epsmedos ? ] kat pepynpevos ¢| ey de rats [olrparerais [ Jeras Urrepetyev Tol ras xat o immos avurovu [ 10 }ro immixoy taypa Un
Jey wore apgorepol
4. Apparently not yup.
7-9. Blass suggests [o}rparesus [avros re rats aplerais vmepesxev rolus adAous maylras.
¢
487. 8-7 xX 7-1 cm.
y-[ jovrAl bral y yap rol 5 Joerypa| }.-[ 12 letters jacro [ ee. Ceres ]-[-- Aco z/
TleTaxTa: ev Tol avT@ Trapal
Prev pnde Oavacipov de 10 [didovae pnde addro tt af
Jos rns texvns KexwpnKor[
jo aptoroxetpoupyos oder|
] mapapvOnrixos evar ope[rAE ] + Pie] < THe bc cee es Jeewa yap 15 jac ef 13 letters yetpoup[y
719
438. jov |» mapor7[ Juv re xa ev. [ ] evopica ovy | 5 ev of ta aptojria [
giroloogncarvres tr[y ] PtAocogiay wo loyra emtorao| Kjat wolev Kat twols 10 ]- tos Tov tporo|y
}. wer yap mpool
THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
ylewwoxw exep[
] BovaAopevoy . [
Jura pey evxaipl
15 jrepov dayxOnolerat
}ra riOepac Kp[ ] Tavra mpor| vey pnOerf
eva kal a0 Jyre aol ] . ver{ jay . [ ed.
14-5. ravjra pey eveatplorepoy vo lrepor ?
}n emOupual wy pey xa of lon Kat piroy . [ eXe]vOepor tov [ 5 Joey sroAeponl ]ée abAwv xaz. | ] Tavra epwres
440. (a) 6-2 x 4-2 cm.,
(a)
pica... v vavp{. . |] Iepons [. .
Jo at pev avepl Jetvate Kat mpoon|
10 jeopevat travTo[py
jov ev etpnvn Kal
Jed apyo ra tov nf Ja* ooas de pf JoAoyw det . [
(6) 3:1 x 2-6 cm.
(2)
| . nee parl 15 vumjepBoAn{
435-444. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS
Jwae..[... 5 jovwy Kat jy eyw de tov ]ytav edn JoOare pec jrot tas Ta- 10 |Bovdtass ta ]- ar. vTa-
441, 8-8 x 5-7 cm.
Col. i. \v 15 jxa Jee Jac 5 jn Je 20 Jees le lecov 10 |ifey ex rare 25 Juvopzevn ]- |xos
10. € of kev corrected from o or vice versa. 19. There is a blank space before the lacuna.
Jacorn7( ] - over . [
] « Toowcen|
Col. ii. aynp Tota dere eure ayabos Kat 7 T@oAAous €X| aomapta = [
Pidurmov [
poperny 7 viroxetptoy [ ta pappalK Hevny 7 ws edey of Kat xapty [ Ta pnde . [ [ooo ol
S1
Xav
20
25
THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
Col. i. Jecdns Jas pod |ptay tov ma
Jopevos ris Jos pesgor ] owrep a mac }- xapey pl. .] jx d&adgf. .) }eOa xa: 6. [.] ov 7 Kos a)|d:xovpevor Jupev exor Jew apyerOat Juevot may Jae rove Jres cov ruvy ] mpos pas ]e peAovs Jou deozro eobar
Jat apxov jar nd. g jvrooou homoa Js Evjplemns }. de paps Gjeopireor Jos povors ]s wrap Jas giAor Joc evxo
tloriy wo
22-6 X 6:3 cm.
35
40
45
50
55
60
435-444, NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS | 83
24-5. Blass suggests wac|ys rns A[otas kat TIS Ev(pjonns.
52. The occurrence of an asterisk in a prose work is noteworthy. This sign was used to mark passages which were found elsewhere, but were rightly placed as — stood ; cf. 445. 490-2.
4438. 14°95 X 4 CM. ov evar [ wap upov [kat Tov evepyect| evTuyyavolyTov pucbov xi 15 Kat eAenco[yToy oOat. ore é TO avayKaltoy 7o 5 pnoe ev [rar dixa pifopevo[e Kat moX oTnpio Klas pny Aakis eAOolvres € ye adeAg(n avrov m tov Kn[gicoye ? nN opountipta Kat 20 vous pvAl@va ouK o adeAdfos..... [arn)jAac6n{ cay Io Kat vuv [Tov avay eee Jee Katwy o{Tepopevot [.. .]€[. « Jaf MEPLEpXO[VTat Kat [- ee cvsecle| 444. 113 X 2-1 cm. ]- raf 10 Jovey [ . ka Kartal Jacrirf Jatover [ ]- noaz[ reas kari Thor PDircm[ root & Mak]edovay [| Jara Bo{ Jovory orf 15 ptlrOodopo| ]xpov roof ] Maxedo[v Jors epBaf ToAjencous [ ] - voeul lrov|
ueval
84 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
III. FRAGMENTS OF EXTANT CLASSICAL AUTHORS
445. Homer, Jihad VJ, Height 30-5 cm. Prater IV (Fr. a).
OF the numerous Homeric papyri of the Roman period which have been discovered, very few present so many points of interest and importance as the following fragments of the sixth book of the 7/ad, written in a medium-sized uncial hand with critical marks and occasional marginal notes, and containing parts of Il. 128, 134-7, 148, 173-94, 199, and 445-end. While the critical marks, which include the diple, antisigma, and asterisk, are all due to the first hand, in the marginal notes two or three hands are probably to be distinguished, though owing to the paucity of the material for forming a judgement it is impossible to classify them with certainty. To the first corrector, whom we will call A and who employed a small semi-uncial hand, we should assign the notes on Il. 128, 148, and 449, together with all the superscribed variants. To the second (B), who wrote a small more cursive hand, belongs the note on 1. 464; and to a third (C), who wrote a larger cursive, that on 1. 478. The figure at the end, giving apparently the number of lines in the book, is cursively written but apparently by the first hand, and it is possible that either A or B (but not C), is also identical with the original scribe. The question is, however, not of great importance, for there is certainly no appreciable difference of time between the writing of the text and the addition of the scholia and interlinear readings. The first century is out of the question as the date of the papyrus, and both text and notes suggest the second century or the beginning of the third. Breathings and accents are occasionally, and elision-marks generally, used, and the punctuation is careful, the high point being employed, except in ll. 477 and 496, where the middle point occurs, indicating a slighter pause.
In its disposition of critical marks the papyrus as a rule accords with the Venetus A, but there are some divergences ; cf. notes on ll. 183 and 189. The marginal notes are, however, very scanty compared with Schol. A, though such information as they give is of considerable value, since they are all concerned with various readings. Most of these notes record differences between the papyrus and the xowy or generally accepted text, which is occasionally mentioned in the extant Homeric scholia, but not in connexion with these particular passages. Besides the readings ascribed to a definite source in the marginal
445. FRAGMENTS OF EXTANT CLASSICAL AUTHORS 85
notes, other variants are inserted between the lines without any indication of their origin. Since they are sometimes rare, sometimes the common readings, it is not probable that they were all derived from any one text.
The papyrus, which is remarkably free from errors and has more affinity with A than with any other extant manuscript, presents in spite of its extremely mutilated condition a number of important readings which are either altogether new (see notes on Il. 487, 494, and 523), or are known to have existed only from scholia (1.187), or from quotations in other authors (1. 493). Of these, one (ace pddtora 8° éuot instead of macw epot 3¢ pdAcora in |. 493), is distinctly superior to the traditional text, and affords one of the rare instances of an emendation made in the text of Homer by a modern editor being confirmed by a papyrus.
In our commentary upon this papyrus we owe several suggestions to Mr. T. W. Allen, who has also very kindly placed his own collations at our disposal. Our collation is with the text of Ludwich.
(2) Col. i. Col. ii. 4 Wpoappovems py Trev 173 > >evynpalp ~ewioce Kat evvea 128 karjaBefinxas arr’ bre dn [Sexarn 175
y ko(ivn) ovpavou > Kat ToT[é ply Epectve
ortt pa [ot yapBpoo >autap ene dn onpa [ mpwroy pey pa Xipatpay
134 Aurowpylol megiveney 1 0 ap env 180 poBnbels > mpoo[be rAewv omibev de Spaxwy KoAtr jw dev[oy azmomveouca 137 opox|Ant’ Kat Ty[v pey KaTerredve
devre[poy av Zoruvporce Kaptiotny On [Tyv ye payny 185 > To Tptrov av [Kareredvey
Tat 0 dp emeply operat
kpiwas [ex Auxens
ive Aolxov tor 8 ov te mad wavrals yap Karemedvey 190 arr’ dre 8n y[tp[woxe Oeov
auTou pity) kar[epue didou 8
86 THE OXYRARYNCHUS PAPYRI
daxe 6€ ot tip[ns Bacirnidos
148 OPN} a. apx(arat) o yeou wpy > Kt MEY ot Avxtolt repevos Tapoy 4 lines lost >(n 8 erex avriBeov Yaprndova 199 (5) Col. iii.
445 @let Kat mMpwroiot peta Tpwecot payerOa apyupevos tmarpos Te peya KAeos nd epov avrov [ev yap eyw rode oda Kata gpleva Kat kata 6upov: [eooerat nap or av wor oAw@)|An Idos tpn [nat IIptapos Kat Naos evppedt}o Tptaporo: 8 SAS ie 7 Ker?) 450 [@AA ov por Tpwav toccoy peAjee adyos omiocm [ovr avrns ExaBns ovre IIpialuoto avaxtos: [ovre xactyyntmy ot Kev troAees] TE Kat exOAox [ev Koviniot wecotey ur avd|pact Ovopeveecoty [oocoy oev ojre xlev] tis Ayxatwoy xadk[oxiTwvor 455 ([dalxpvoercay aynrat edXevOepov n{pap aoupas [xa]: xev ev Apyei ovoa mpols]| édAns tofrov vgarvors [kat xev vdwp gdopleas Mecontdos n (Trepens [1roAA aexafoper|n’ Kparepn @ emxlacer avayKn [xac wore Tis emniclw wov Kata daxpy yxeovcay: 460 [Exropos née yuvn] bs aptoreverxe payer Oat [Tpwor immodapwly ore Trdcov appepayxovto: [ws wore Tis epeet cole & av veov eoceTat adryos [xnret rotovd avdpos apuvjev SovdAtoy nap: [aAAa@ pe TeOvnwra yuTn Kata] yata Kadurrot 4 «(ovn) Tevadra 465 ([mpw ye tt ons te Bons cov 6 edk]nOpoio mubécbat: [ws emmy ov matdos opegarjo datdipos Exrap- [ayy 8 o mats mpos KoArov ev(dlvoto rLOnvns [exAwOn taxor marpos girov opty arvyGes [rapBnoas xadxov te ide Aogov tlrmioyatrny 470 [devoy am axpotarns KopvOos vjevovra voncas [ex 8 eyeAXacoe marnp Te piAdos Kjat mora pntnp[’] [avrtx amo Kparos Kopv@ etrAeTo gjatdipos Exrap:
445. FRAGMENTS OF EXTANT CLASSICAL AUTHORS
[xat tTyv pev xareOnxey emt x00} mapdavowcay
[avrap 0 y ov gtAov vioy emer Kuce mde TE XEpotr] 475 [erev erevgapevos Au 7 addAo1ow Te Oleoiow
[Zev addr re Oeor Sore Bn Kas rovde yeveloOat
ev [watd enol. ws Kat eyo wep apimperéa Tpwecoww [wde Binv ayaboy re kat Intov tlle avajoofec|y: 4 xo(wn) By[v +)’
J &x (os) [xac wore Tis ergot warpos y odje ToAAoY apetvoy
480 [ex wodenou avovra gepa 8 €Wwapa Bporoevra: [xrecvas Sniov avdpa yxapen de dpeva pnrye’ [ws exrm@v adoxoto gidns ev] xepow eOnxer 2 lines lost 485 [yxetpe Te py Karepegev emos tT edhar ex] T ovopage [Sarpovin pn por Te Any axaxilfeo [Ovpot
[ov yap Tis pf vIep atcay avnp Aid: apocabee [wotpay 8 ov tiva gnu meguype|vov eupevat avdpwv ov Kaxov ouvde pev eaOdov enniv ta mpwra yevnrat 490 >KadA Els olKoy tovca Ta oO auTns Eplya Kopige Kiorov + nraxarny Te Kat apderolAooe KEAEvE Kepyov emotxerOar modenos 6 av[dperot peAnoer
v mace partora & euot tot Idi eyyleyaaoty
ga[Bipos Exrp [ws a]p[a] glwvnclas xopud’ «Aero xetpe maxerne
495 [larmov]pu adoyxos de gtdrn orxov [de BeBnxet [evr]pomaAfopevn. Oarepoy kata [daxpu yxeovca apa 8 ere’ ixave Sopovs ef vaiferaovras [Exrolpo[s [aleple
500 )=s [ale plev
2 lines lost [olde [ 504 a@drol[ y 2 lines lost 507 > (deopoy
87
88 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI eral Oars
KUdtow| Y 510 >aplois 2 lines lost
613 [Telulxeoe 4 lines lost - 518 >7,0e F [ 6n burr 520 tov 6 ama{peBopevos * Saipévi [ovK av ris
epyov arid pnoecs aA axeo[y
axvuTa ey 625 mpos Tpwoly adr’ toper [ Saint emo[upavioics
Kpntnpa o[rncac bat x T, <A $ ex Tpotns ¢[Aacavta
[ele Tadados ¢
128. The marginal note refers to the ancient variant otpavdy for the common reading ovpavoi. Schol. A has (reading odpavet in the text) ovrws ’Apicrapyos oloy xataBéSnxas rév ovpard»y, 3:5 dia rot ¥ ypade, nar’ ovpavdy. The reading of Aristarchus is found in several families of MSS.; whether the text of the papyrus had ovpapo» is uncertain.
148. The marginal note presents much difficulty. &py was according to Schol. A the reading of Aristophanes, while the nominative Spy is found in nearly all the MSS. and is preferred by Lud. The iota before at apx(aa) apparently belongs to the main text (which therefore agreed with Aristophanes), not to the note, and since a apy(aat) would most naturally refer to the reading of Aristophanes, we should expect the authority for the other reading wpy to be given by the intervening word or words. But it is not easy to interpret the meaning of o nxov’. The reading of the first letter is by no means certain, for the o is larger than the usual omicron of this scribe and might represent a 8, and it is moreover placed underneath the x of apx(as), which is above the line. But the following » has been corrected from o apparently, so that what seéms to have happened is that the scribe first wrote apX oxov” and then converted the o into », inserting o in the blank space underneath the x. The obvious division 4 xo(w7) is open to the objection that the o after « is not written above the line as in the marginal notes oh Il. 128 and 478. Mr. Allen suggests & 4 xo(s}) &mo)o(réAXe), comparing the use of trocroAy in Anecd. Bek. II. p. 600 for the ‘omission’ of iota. The scholium would then mean that the ancient copies read Spx, but the common reading was py with no iota. This gives very
445. FRAGMENTS OF EXTANT CLASSICAL AUTHORS 89
good sense, but v” is hardly the kind of abbreviation of vrocreAAe which would be expected on a papyrus of this period, and the construction of ¢ (sc. the « of wpm) is somewhat diffi- cult. yxove{ ) as one word, however, suggests nothing but the first aorist of dxovw, and though it is noteworthy that in Schol. A on this line dxove: occurs (‘Apmropayns ypader rneOdavra cat eri ray pvAAwy axover kal rd pn perd rou ¢ ypddes xara al 8 frovo(ev) or & qxovo(av) here makes no sense, and for 8 #xove(a), ‘as I heard,’ there is no parallel in scholia of this character.
174. For the diple before this line cf. Schol. A 4 dcrdyH, dre éwihopdés dare mpds rdy éxvéa dpcOpéy, The papyrus adds an antisigma as well; cf. the explanation of this sign in a grammarian ap. Dindorf, Schol. I. p. xlvi rd 8 durlovypa nal ai 800 orcypal Gray card rd éfqe Bis f rd aird vénpa Keipevov.
176. A has the diple against this line with comments upon rére pur épéeve and ofjpa.
178. A has a diple against this line, but no comment.
181. The diple before this line, like that before 1. 186, has a dot above it and possibly is meant for a dirAj wepteortypévn, which should have a dot below as well. That sign was used to denote the readings or transpositions of Zenodotus, Crates, and Aristarchus. But since A has an ordinary diple against ]. 181 with the remark dre é cpa » xivapa, and none at all against 1. 186, and since no variation of reading among the ancient critics is recorded in connexion with those two lines, it is more probable that the diple with one dot has the same meaning as the plain diple, or at any rate means something different from the drAj mwepreoreypevn.
183. Here the Ven. A has a diple with the remark dre ovdéy wepl ris xara rév Diyyacoy loropias éudaiver. Possibly the diple which is found in the papyrus before 1. 186, where the Ven. A has none, has been misplaced and should have preceded 1. 183. But there are several instances of divergence between the papyrus and A with regard to the diple; cf. note on |. 189.
187, The reading of the first hand emepyopevw is ascribed to dAdo by Schol. A, but is not found in any MS. The reading of the corrector amepyoperm (ascribed to Aristarchus by Schol. V) occurs in the Lipsiensis and apparently in Mr. Allen’s L 20. It is curious that the papyrus seems to ignore avepyouevw, the ordinary reading and that ascribed to Aristarchus by Schol. A. It is now clear that the variant emepxopevw Sbcpes is not even mentioned by Ludwich or Monro and Allen) rested on considerable authority.
189. The papyrus has no diple before this line and 1. 191 where they are found in the Ven. A.
194. Cf. Schol. A 9 derdq ore mapervpodoyel rd répevos ard rod repeiv nal dpopica.
199. For the diple cf. A, which has a comment on the parentage of Sarpedon.
449. The scholiasts have no note on the reading evypeAtw on this line, but cf. Schol. A on B. 461 (‘Acie év Aes) love) yea mabotoa’ rd yap ids orw "Aciew ws Arpeidew. 81d xepis rod t, Schol. T sdid.... ev yenxy odv aird éxAnmréoy cal xopis rov lara, ds rd edpedlo Hpudpowo, os "Hpwdiavds ev r7j xadddou nat IroAepaios ev rp rept ovvadapas, and Schol. D zdzd. rd "Agia dvratéa yennis mraceas dors, SOev ovx dyer roo... ws edpedias ebpedio Lpidpoto .. . ovrws “Qpos év rij épOoypapia. The papyrus had evypedtw (genitive) in the text with most MSS. Mr. Allen informs us that besides A, his D, V 16, and P, and probably a few more have: tppedrion, and this reading is indicated by the remark 80(riey) w{e)r(a) rov & The papyrus seems unique in calling evppedox dative, perhaps from false analogy with ’Acios (v. sup.), which in spite of the scholiasts is probably to be interpreted as dative.
The dash after ¢ is apparently a mark of punctuation, Whether y(em«n) (if that be the right expansion of y in the text) evppeAcoo means that evypediw is to be regarded as a genitive, equivalent to evypedcon, or that there was a variant evppedcoo, is not made
go THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
clear. euppedcowo, though it does not scan, is actually found in one MS.; but the first hypothesis is more likely, though evppeAtou would be expected.
456. “Apyes éotoa Lud., the MSS. being divided. spds (Lud.) is the reading of all the MSS. except one at Vienna (W) in which spés is corrected to mpd, as here.
464. Over v of xadumro: is a circular mark resembling the sign for a short syllable.
The marginal note here is in a more cursive hand than that employed in the other cases, The vulgate does in fact read reves; cf. Schol. A on H. 409, I. 633, P. 161, &c., from which it appears that Aristarchus read reOemms. So far dAdos has been the only source assigned to the form re@vews, which is read in the majority of the MSS.
475. Olecow: Beoioe Lud.
477. Cf. A, where ex is superscribed above dpurperéa, the reading of other MSS. and Lud.
478. After the lacuna following Psy is a spot of ink at the top of the line, which we have considered to represent an elision-mark after r. If this is correct, the note probably refers to the alternative readings Bin» r’ dyad» (the best-supported reading, so Lud.) and Binv dyaéév (so many MSS.) or Bin» dyabcy re (ascribed to dAdo: by Schol. A). Of these Bin» dya6dy is that most likely to have stood in the text of the papyrus, since Binv r’ is recorded in the margin and the reading inv dyadév re ignores the digamma before IAiov, whereas in |. 493 the papyrus preserves a digamma which is ignored by the MSS. But it is possible that after Si{y there was no +r’ and that the spot of ink represents a stop or is even accidental, Then the marginal note may refer either to Bm» r in the text or to Bony (or Bony r), a reading found in D, two Vienna MSS., and Mr. Allen’s N 4. The fact that the scholia do not mention Boy but comment on the position of re is in favour of the view that the note here referred to a variation concerning re, not Ain».
479. & (ws) over the line refers to the variants y’ de (Aristarchus) and 8’ 6 ye (the reading of nearly all MSS.). It is quite uncertain which of the two was found in the text of the papyrus.
485. Above the last two letters of ovopafe are traces of ink which apparently indicate something superscribed. The only variant known is évpafey, and the vestiges do not suggest either » or a horizontal stroke meaning ».
487. The m of mpoiaye: has been corrected from a(?). The variant spore inserted above the line is not recorded in connexion with the present passage, but in Q. rro there was an ancient dispute whether mpoidrrw or mporidmre was to be read.
490-2. For the asterisks before these lines cf. Schol. A on 490-3 réocapas orixos éfns dorgpionos mapdxewrat Ore viv pev dpOds Keivras xat mpd rev ras pynoTnpodovias (dp. 350) ey 8¢ 17 G paywdiqg tis O8voceias (356-9) odxérs. The papyrus omits the asterisk before 1. 493.
493. waot padtora 8 eos roe IXiot: this reading, which is superior to that of all the MSS. (and Lud.) waow duot 8¢ pdAcora rol "IAip because it preserves the digamma before "IXig, is found in Epictetus, Dzss. II]. 22, 108, and had been restored in the present passage by Hoffmann and Bekker, comparing a. 359, A. 353, and ¢. 353. For another example of a conjecture in the text of Homer being confirmed by a papyrus see P. Grenf. II. p. 11, where in ¥. 198 Nauck’s conjecture d«a 8€ "Ips instead of the MSS. reading dxéa 8 "Ips is found in a third century B.c. papyrus. It is noticeable that there, as here, the papyrus preserves a digamma which had been ignored by the MSS.
eyyleyaaow: cf. A, where too » is superscribed. éyyeydacw Lud.
494. At the end of the line datos “Exrwp is the reading of all the MSS. and Lud. For the variant xe{«pe mayen cf. &. 403, where HadAds 'AOnvy is found in the Ambrosianus and a Vatican MS. (cf. Schol. A é dAAp HadAds AGjvy) in place of the ordinary reading xetat wayein, epi mayein would suit just as well as qaideuos “Exrwp here, for gevncas could not refer to any one but Hector.
446. FRAGMENTS OF EXTANT CLASSICAL AUTHORS 91
507-9. The papyrus omits the asterisks which are found in A against these lines, but has the diple against |. 507, as in A.
510. wplos: in the margin before this line is what looks like the top of a critical mark, of which the rest is lost. A has a diple against this line.
518. The smooth breathing above the initial » is uncertain, but the vestiges suit that better than a circumflex. There is a diple before this line in A.
521. The 8 and p of datzon [| have possibly been corrected.
523- @dA axewly: ddd é&kovy MSS. Cf. 8. 111, where Rhianus read déxovra for dxéovra. This error (déxo» for dxéwv) is not uncommon in MSS. dxéw» makes good sense here.
527. 0 Of erolvpamos is corrected from +.
529. Below the coronis is a number, apparently referring to the lines in the book. If 525 is correct, Book vi in this papyrus was four lines shorter than in our texts. But in view of the carelessness of scribes in numbering successive hundreds of lines (cf. 228), not much reliance can be placed on the figure here, though cf. 448. 302, note.
446. Homer, /Jhad X///,
18:4X 4:3 .¢m. Pate VI.
A narrow strip of papyrus containing parts of Il. 58-99 of /had xiii. The scribe was unusually careless, and the fragment has no critical value; but palaeographically it is interesting, since a portion of a cursive account on the verso of the late second or third century supplies an approximate terminus ad quem for the date of the literary text on the recto. The latter, written in a square and upright uncial hand, may be placed near the end of the second century.
[wxurropwy et Kat piv OlAupi[mrios avros eyetpet [n Kat oxntaviw yatnoxos) ev[vooryatos
60 [audorepm Kexorrws mAlnoev pleveos Kparepoto [yusa & eOnxje[vy eAalgpa rewdas [xat xetpas umepbev [avros 8 as 7 tlp[ng wxlum(ryepos wprio merecOat [os pa tr aw aty)iAuros rez[p)ns me[ptunxeos apdes [opynon} rosioo dimKep op[veov aAAo
65 [ws amo tov] nige ITocedawy [evoctybwv
66 [rouv & eyviw mpocbev OetAnos [taxus Alas
a Career eee ee } Gear oc Orvpsrov [exover [pavres erdo|uevos KeXeTat malpa vyvot paxerOat
yo [oud o ye Kadyals eore Ocompowos olwmorns
92 THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI
[txvia yap] peroricbey modwv (nde xvnpawy [pee eyvav] amtovros aptyvmr[o: de Geo rep [xat & epoe alurm Oupos ext cor[nOecat diroict [HaAAov edolopparat modeuflev nde payeoOat
75 [patpowot] 8 evepbe modes 4 [xetpes virepbe [roy & amalpeBopevos [r]plocepn Tedapovios Aras [ourw vuv xjat enoe mwept Souplart yetpes aamrot [patpmow] Kat pot pevos [wpope vepOe Se srocotv [eoovpar ap)|dorepoicr pevoltyam de Kat otos
80 [Exropt II pialnecdne aporov [pepamre payerbat [ws of prey rotlavra mpos adAndlous ayopevory [xappn ynOolovvn tyv odiv [Oeos exBare Oupw [roppa de rolus omtcbev yatnloyos wmpoev Ayatous (oc mapa vnvolw Oonow [aveyuyov gidov nrop
85 [Tov p apa tT ap\yadew xapfarwm dita yura AeAvvTO [xat ogdw ayos] kara Ovpov [eytyvero SepKopevotct [Tpwas ror pey]a retyos umexx[areBnoav optdw [rovs ot y etcopolwyres um ogpvolt daxpua etBov [ov yap edav] devgerOar virep x[axoy adr evooty Pov
90 [pera pereiolapevos Kpare(p)al[s wrpuve dadayyas [Tevxpov ele apwrov kat (Aniroy ndAOe KedAcvov [IInverewv 0] npwa GBoalyjra re [Anirupoy re [Mnptovny] re Kat Avt[tjAoxoly pnotwpas avuTns [, env ses . jy.
95 [aidws Apyelto[e Kovpot veot vppw eyo ye (uapvapevolioe [mweroba cawoepevat veas apas [ec & upecs mojAepfoto peOnoere Aevyadcoto [vuv dn etde]rae [npap vio Tpwecot Sapnvat [m womot n pleya Oavpa tod odOadpoirw opwpat
61. rewdas is a mistake for todas.
64. modo is a graphical error for redoro.
66. ey»|o mpoodev has been corrected from eyv|a rooéev, probably by another hand.
68. The omission of ]. 67 may have been caused by the fact that both